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JiabaoLi_2019W-_通过艺术，揭示科技如何构建现实_-
I'm an artist and an engineer. 我是一位艺术家兼工程师。
And lately, I've been thinking a lot about how technology mediates the way we perceive reality. 最近,我一直在思考科技在以怎样的方式影响 我们感知现实的能力。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; mediates:v.调解; adj.要靠媒介的; (mediate的第三人称单数); perceive:v.注意到;意识到;将…理解为;认为;
And it's being done in a superinvisible and nuanced way. 这种影响是潜移默化的。
nuanced:adj.微妙的; v.精确细腻地表演;
Technology is designed to shape our sense of reality by masking itself as the actual experience of the world. 科技通过伪装对现实的真实体验, 来塑造我们对现实的感知。
As a result , we are becoming unconscious and unaware that it is happening at all. 于是,我们对正在发生的一切 变得毫无意识,也毫无察觉。
As a result:结果; unconscious:adj.无意识的;失去知觉的;未发觉的; unaware:adj.不知道的,无意的;未察觉到的;adv.意外地;不知不觉地;
Take the glasses I usually wear, for example. 就拿我平时戴的眼镜举例。
These have become part of the way I ordinarily experience my surroundings . 眼镜变成我平日里 体验周围环境方式的一部分。
ordinarily:adv.通常地;一般地; surroundings:n.周围的环境;环境;(surrounding的复数)
I barely notice them, even though they are constantly framing reality for me. 尽管它们一直框住了 我的现实世界, 我也很少注意到它们的存在。
barely:adv.仅仅,勉强;几乎不;公开地;贫乏地; constantly:adv.不断地;时常地; framing:v.给…做框;作伪证陷害;制订;拟订;n.框架;结构;骨骼;(frame的现在分词)
The technology I am talking about is designed to do the same thing: change what we see and think but go unnoticed . 我现在所说的科技 也被设计成做同样的事: 不知不觉地 改变着我们的所见所思。
unnoticed:adj.被忽视的;不引人注意的;未被注意的;
Now, the only time I do notice my glasses is when something happens to draw my attention to it, like when it gets dirty or my prescription changes. 如今,我很少意识到我带着眼镜, 除非发生了一些事情,引起我的注意, 比如,眼镜脏了,或者度数不够了。
prescription:n.处方;药方;医生开的药;开处方;
So I asked myself, "As an artist, what can I create to draw the same kind of attention to the ways digital media -- like news organizations , social media platforms , advertising and search engines -- are shaping our reality?" 所以我自问: “作为一名艺术家, 我能创造出什么作品, 来吸引注意力, 就如同数字媒体那样——像新闻机构、社交媒体平台、 广告,和搜索引擎—— 来塑造我们的现实？”
digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; platforms:n.平台; v.把…放在台上; advertising:n.做广告;广告业;广告活动;v.做广告;(advertise的现在分词)
So I created a series of perceptual machines to help us defamiliarize and question the ways we see the world. 所以我创造了一系列的感知机器 来帮助我们陌生化并质疑 我们看世界的方式。
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; perceptual:adj.知觉的;感知的;有知觉的;
For example, nowadays, many of us have this kind of allergic reaction to ideas that are different from ours. 例如,现在我们很多人对持有不同观点的人 有着这样一种过敏反应。
allergic:adj.对…过敏的;对…极讨厌的; reaction:n.反应,感应;反动,复古;反作用;
We may not even realize that we've developed this kind of mental allergy . 我们可能甚至都没意识到
mental:adj.精神的;脑力的;疯的;n.精神病患者; allergy:n.过敏症;反感;厌恶;
So I created a helmet that creates this artificial allergy to the color red. 所以我做了一个头盔, 对红色产生人工过敏。
artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的;
It simulates this hypersensitivity by making red things look bigger when you are wearing it. 当你佩戴头盔时, 它会通过放大红色物体, 来模拟这一超敏反应。
simulates:模拟;模仿; hypersensitivity:n.过敏症;高灵敏度;
It has two modes : nocebo and placebo . 它有两种模式: 非安慰剂效应和安慰剂效应。
modes:n.模式(mode的复数形式);方法;分辨率; placebo:n.安慰剂;为死者所诵的晚祷词;
In nocebo mode, it creates this sensorial experience of hyperallergy. 在非安慰剂模式下,
sensorial:adj.知觉的;感觉的;
Whenever I see red, the red expands . 只要我看到红色, 红色就会膨胀开来。
expands:v.展开; (expand的第三人称单数)
It's similar to social media's amplification effect, like when you look at something that bothers you, you tend to stick with like-minded people and exchange messages and memes , and you become even more angry. 这和社交媒体的放大效应类似, 就像你在看到某些不喜欢的言论, 你会倾向于去找和自己想法一样的人 交换信息和表情包, 然后你变得更加生气。
amplification:n.[电子]放大(率);扩大;详述; bothers:n.麻烦; v.给(某人)造成麻烦(或痛苦); (bother的第三人称单数和复数) like-minded:adj.志趣相投的;具有相似意向或目的的; exchange:n.交换;交流;交易所;兑换;v.交换;交易;兑换; memes:模因(meme的复数);
Sometimes, a trivial discussion gets amplified and blown way out of proportion . 有时,无关紧要的小讨论 会被放大、夸张到不合时宜的程度。
trivial:adj.不重要的,琐碎的;琐细的; amplified:v.放大;详述(amplify的过去分词);adj.放大的;扩充的; proportion:n.比例;部分;份额;均衡;v.摊派;使相称;
Maybe that's even why we are living in the politics of anger. 可能这就是“愤怒政治”出现的原因。
politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数)
In placebo mode, it's an artificial cure for this allergy. 在安慰剂模式下, 有种针对该过敏的人造疗法。
Whenever you see red, the red shrinks . 只要你看到红色,红色会缩小。
shrinks:v.缩水,收缩,缩小;n.精神病学家;心理学家;(shrink的第三人称单数和复数)
It's a palliative , like in digital media. 这是一种缓和剂。 好比在数字媒体中,
palliative:n.辩解;缓和剂;暂时姑息的手段;adj.缓和的;掩饰的;可斟酌的;
When you encounter people with different opinions, we will unfollow them, remove them completely out of our feeds. 当你遇到有着与你 有不同想法的人时, 你会取消关注他们, 不接收他们的推送。
encounter:v.遭遇,邂逅;遇到;n.遭遇,偶然碰见;
It cures this allergy by avoiding it. 通过避免接触来治疗过敏。
But this way of intentionally ignoring opposing ideas makes human community hyperfragmented and separated. 但是,这种有意无视对立观点的方法, 使人类社区变得极其破碎且分离。
intentionally:adv.故意地,有意地; ignoring:v.忽略,忽视;(ignore的现在分词); opposing:adj.对立的; v.反对(计划、政策等); (oppose的现在分词) community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
The device inside the helmet reshapes reality and projects into our eyes through a set of lenses to create an augmented reality. 头盔内部的设备重塑现实, 并通过一组镜头 投射入我们的眼睛, 从而实现增强现实。
device:n.装置;策略;图案; reshapes:vt.改造;再成形; lenses:n.透镜;镜片;(眼球的)晶状体;(lens的复数) augmented:adj.增广的;增音的;扩张的;
I picked the color red, because it's intense and emotional , it has high visibility and it's political. 我选择红色,因为红色 紧张激烈且饱含情绪。 它具有高度可见性, 也同时具有政治性。
intense:adj.强烈的;紧张的;非常的;热情的; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; visibility:n.可见性;能见度;能见距离
So what if we take a look at the last American presidential election map through the helmet? 所以,要是我们利用这头盔 看看上次美国总统大选的地图, 会是如何？
what if:如果…怎么办? take a look at:看一看;检查; presidential:adj.总统的;首长的;统辖的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
You can see that it doesn't matter if you're a Democrat or a Republican , because the mediation alters our perceptions . 可以看到,不论你是 民主党还是共和党,都不重要了, 因为这一调解改变了我们的感知。
Democrat:n.民主党人;民主主义者;民主政体论者; Republican:adj.共和国的;共和政体的;共和主义的;拥护共和政体的;n.共和主义者; mediation:n.调解;仲裁;调停; alters:v.改变,更改,改动:(alter的第三人称单数) perceptions:n.认知;观念(perception的复数);理解;
The allergy exists on both sides. 两边都存在过敏反应。
In digital media, what we see every day is often mediated , but it's also very nuanced. 在数字媒体中, 我们每天看到的内容 通常都是经过调整的, 但这些调整也非常细微。
mediated:vt.仲裁,调停;调解(mediate的过去式及过去分词形式);
If we are not aware of this, we will keep being vulnerable to many kinds of mental allergies . 如果我们无法意识到这一点, 我们会变得脆弱, 容易遭受到许多不同的“精神过敏”。
vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; allergies:n.变态反应;过敏反应;(allergy的复数)
Our perception is not only part of our identities , but in digital media, it's also a part of the value chain. 我们的感知不仅是 我们身份认同的一部分, 在数字媒体中也是价值链的一部分。
identities:n.身份;本身;本体;特征;同一性;相同;(identity的复数)
Our visual field is packed with so much information that our perception has become a commodity with real estate value. 我们的视野中 充斥着如此多的信息, 以至于我们的感知已经变成了商品, 跟房地产一样明码标价。
visual field:na.视野; commodity:n.商品,货物;日用品; real estate:n.房地产;不动产;
Designs are used to exploit our unconscious biases , algorithms favor content that reaffirms our opinions, so that every little corner of our field of view is being colonized to sell ads. 设计被用来挖掘我们的无意识的偏爱, 算法则偏爱那些能再次 确认我们想法的内容, 我们视线所及的每个角落都被掌控, 来销售广告。
exploit:v.利用…为自己谋利;剥削;压榨;运用;发挥; biases:n.偏差,偏见(bias的复数形式);v.偏见(bias的三单形式); content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; reaffirms:v.重申;再次确定;(reaffirm的第三人称单数) colonized:vt.将…开拓为殖民地; vi.开拓殖民地;
Like, when this little red dot comes out in your notifications , it grows and expands, and to your mind, it's huge. 例如,当这一个小红点 出现在你的推送中, 它会不断放大, 在你脑海中,它变得巨大。
notifications:n.通知; (notification的复数)
So I started to think of ways to put a little dirt , or change the lenses of my glasses, and came up with another project. 我开始想办法弄脏我的眼镜, 或是改变镜片的度数。 于是想出了另一个项目。
dirt:n.污垢;尘土;下流话;
Now, keep in mind this is conceptual . It's not a real product. 请记住,目前还只是 概念性的,并未投产。
keep in mind:记住; conceptual:adj.概念上的;
It's a web browser plug-in that could help us to notice the things that we would usually ignore . 这是一个浏览器插件, 能帮我们注意到 那些经常被忽略的内容。
browser:n.[计]浏览器;吃嫩叶的动物;浏览书本的人; plug-in:n.插件程序,插件法; ignore:v.驳回诉讼;忽视;不理睬;
Like the helmet, the plug-in reshapes reality, but this time, directly into the digital media itself. 像刚刚的头盔一样, 这一插件能重塑现实, 但这次,是直接从数字媒体本身入手。
directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就;
It shouts out the hidden filtered voices. 被埋没、被过滤的声音得以传播。
filtered:v.过滤;(用程序)筛选;缓行;(filter的过去分词和过去式)
What you should be noticing now will be bigger and vibrant , like here, this story about gender bias emerging from the sea of cats. 值得你关注的东西 会变得更大、更明显, 比如这里, 一篇关于性别偏见的文章, 从一堆关于猫咪的文章中被筛选出来。
vibrant:adj.振动的;充满生气的;响亮的;战栗的; gender:n.性别; emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
The plug-in could dilute the things that are being amplified by an algorithm. 这个插件能够稀释 被算法放大的东西。
dilute:adj.稀释的;淡的;vt.稀释;冲淡;削弱;vi.变稀薄;变淡;
Like, here in this comment section, there are lots of people shouting about the same opinions. 例如,在这个评论区, 很多人都在发表着同样的观点。
The plug-in makes their comments super small. 这个插件就能把他们的 评论变得超级小。
(Laughter) （笑声）
So now the amount of pixel presence they have on the screen is proportional to the actual value they are contributing to the conversation. 所以现在,这些相同观点的占屏面积 和他们为这场对话 贡献的实际价值成正比了。
pixel:n.象素;图像的基本单位;表示显示在萤幕上的一点; presence:n.存在;出席;参加;风度;仪态; proportional to:与…相称,与…成比例; contributing:v.捐献,捐赠(尤指款或物);捐助;增加;增进;(contribute的现在分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
The plug-in also shows the real estate value of our visual field and how much of our perception is being commoditized. 这个插件也能展现 我们视野的房地产价值, 以及我们的感知 有多少正在被商品化。
Different from ad blockers , for every ad you see on the web page, it shows the amount of money you should be earning. 与广告拦截器不同, 它能告诉你,你每看一个广告, 你本应该挣到多少钱。
blockers:n.阻断剂;护航者;雏形锻模(blocker的复数形式);
(Laughter) （笑声）
We are living in a battlefield between reality and commercial distributed reality, so the next version of the plug-in could strike away that commercial reality and show you things as they really are. 我们身处战场之中, 双方是现实和商业分销化的现实, 所以下一个插件版本 将可能打破商业化的现实 还原一个真正的现实。
battlefield:n.战场;沙场;斗争的领域;容易引发冲突的情况 commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告; distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式)
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
Well, you can imagine how many directions this could really go. 你们可以想象一下, 这个插件能做多少事情。
Believe me, I know the risks are high if this were to become a real product. 相信我,我知道把它做出来会有很大风险。
And I created this with good intentions to train our perception and eliminate biases. 我提出这个概念的出发点是好的, 是为了训练感知和消除偏见。
intentions:n.目的,意向,意图;打算;(intention的复数) eliminate:v.消除;排除;
But the same approach could be used with bad intentions, like forcing citizens to install a plug-in like that to control the public narrative . 但它也可能被用来做不好的事情, 来控制公众叙事。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; install:v.安装;设置;安置;建立(程序); narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述;adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的;
It's challenging to make it fair and personal without it just becoming another layer of mediation. 挑战之处在于 把它变得公平且个人化, 而非只是变成另一层调和工具。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次;
So what does all this mean for us? 所以,这一切 对我们来说意味着什么？
Even though technology is creating this isolation, we could use it to make the world connected again by breaking the existing model and going beyond it. 尽管科技正在让我们分裂隔离, 但通过打破并超越现有模型, 我们依旧可以利用科技 把世界再次连结起来。
By exploring how we interface with these technologies , we could step out of our habitual , almost machine-like behavior and finally find common ground between each other. 通过探索我们 如何与这些科技建立联系, 我们能够摆脱习惯性的、 甚至类似机器的行为, 最终找到我们彼此间的共同点。
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词) interface:n.接口;人机界面;连接电路;v.连接; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); habitual:adj.习惯的;惯常的;习以为常的; finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; common ground:n.共同点;
Technology is never neutral . 科技永远不会是中立的。
neutral:n.中立国; adj.中立的;
It provides a context and frames reality. 它能提供情境,也能构建现实。
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; frames:n.[计][电子][通信]帧,[电影]画面;[建][计]框架;眼镜架(frame的复数);
It's part of the problem and part of the solution . 它既是问题的一部分, 也是解决方法的一部分。
solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
We could use it to uncover our blind spots and retrain our perception and consequently , choose how we see each other. 我们能够利用它来发现我们的盲点, 这么一来,我们就能 选择如何看待彼此。
uncover:v.揭开盖子;发现;揭露;揭发; retrain:vt.重新教育;再教育;vi.再训练;再教育; consequently:adv.因此;结果;所以;
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause) （掌声）