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JessyKateSchingler_2020-_在月球上建立文明——及其对地球生活的意义_-
Right now, there's a lot happening with the Moon. 现在,有很多关于 月球的事正在发生。
China has announced plans for an inhabited South Pole station by the 2030s, and the United States has an official road map seeking an increasing number of people living and working in space. 中国已宣布,计划在 2030 年 而美国官方已制定出方案, 招募更多的人在太空里生活与工作。
This will start with NASA's Artemis program, an international program to send the first woman and the next man to the Moon this decade. 这一切将由美国太空总署的 阿提米丝（Artemis）计划开始, 这项国际计划准备在未来的十年内, 将第一位女性和男性 送上月球。
inhabited:adj.有人居住的;v.占据(inhabit的过去分词);居住于; South Pole:n.南极; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) official:adj.官方的;正式的;公务的;n.官员;公务员;高级职员; seeking:v.寻找;寻求;谋求;争取;(向人)请求(seek的现在分词) Artemis:n.阿耳特弥斯(月亮与狩猎的女神);
Billionaires and the private sector are getting involved in unprecedented ways. 亿万富翁和民营企业 也都在以前所未有的方式参与其中。
There are over a hundred launch companies around the world and roughly a dozen private lunar transportation companies readying robotic missions to the lunar surface. 全球有上百家提供 航天发射服务的公司, 以及大约十多个私营的 月球运输公司, 正准备在月球表面 进行机器人探测任务。
Billionaires:亿万富翁(billionaire的复数); private sector:n.(国家经济的)私营部分; involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) unprecedented:adj.空前的;无前例的; launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; roughly:adv.粗糙地;概略地; lunar:adj.月亮的,月球的;阴历的;银的;微亮的; transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放; robotic:adj.机器人的,像机器人的;自动的;n.机器人学; missions:n.任务; v.给…交代任务; (mission的复数)
We have reusable rockets for the first time in human history. 我们在历史上首次建造出 可反复使用的火箭。
This will enable the development of infrastructure and utilization of resources . 这让基础建设得以发展 和资源得以被善加利用。
While estimates vary , scientists think there could be up to a billion metric tons of water ice on the Moon. 尽管不同估计之间存在出入, 但科学家普遍认为月球上 可能有多达十亿公吨的冰。
That's greater than the size of Lake Erie, and enough water to support perhaps hundreds of thousands of people living and working on the Moon. 比北美洲伊利湖的水量还多, 足以供应数十万人 在月球上工作并生活。
enable:v.使能够;使有机会;使成为可能;使可行; infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; utilization:n.利用,使用; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); estimates:n.估计;估价;估计的成本;v.估价;估算(estimate的第三人称单数和复数) vary:vi.变化;变异;违反;vt.改变;使多样化;变奏; metric:adj.米制的;公制的;按公制制作的;用公制测量的; water ice:na.水冰;(英)=sherbet;
So although official plans are always evolving , there's real reason to think that we could see people starting to live and work on the Moon in the next decade. 所以,尽管官方计划 总在不断演变, 但我们仍有充分的理由相信, 人类会在这十年内 开始在月球上工作并生活。
However, the Moon is roughly the size of the continent of Africa, and we're starting to see that the key resources may be concentrated in small areas near the poles . 然而,月球的面积大概 与非洲差不多大, 我们也开始发现核心资源 可能集中在 邻近南北极的狭小区域里。
evolving:v.(使)逐渐形成,逐渐演变;进化形成;(evolve的现在分词) continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的; concentrated:adj.决心要做的; v.集中(注意力); (concentrate的过去式和过去分词) poles:n.极点(pole的复数形式);雪杖;杆位次数;
This raises important questions about coordinating access to scarce resources. 这就引起了一些像是 协调稀缺资源分配的重要问题,
And there are also legitimate questions about going to the Moon: colonialism , cultural heritage and reproducing the systemic inequalities of today's capitalism . 以及其他关于进驻月球的问题: 殖民主义、文化遗产 以及重蹈资本主义 系统性不平等的覆辄。
And more to the point : 更重要的是:
coordinating:v.使协调;使相配合;搭配,协调;(coordinate的现在分词) scarce:adv.勉强;刚;几乎不;简直不;adj.缺乏的;不足的;稀少的; legitimate:adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的;v.使合法;认为正当(等于legitimize); colonialism:n.殖民主义;殖民政策; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; heritage:n.遗产;传统;继承物;继承权; reproducing:v.复制;繁殖(reproduce的ing形式);重述; systemic:adj.系统的;全身的;体系的; inequalities:n.[数]不等式;不均等,不平衡;不平坦(inequality的复数形式); capitalism:n.资本主义; more to the point:说得更确切些;更重要的一点;
Don't we have enough big challenges here on Earth? 我们在地球上遇到的挑战 还不够多吗？
Internet governance , pandemics , terrorism and, perhaps most importantly, climate crisis and biodiversity loss. 网络治理、全球疫情、恐怖主义, 还有,或许最重要的, 气候危机和生物多样性的流失。
In some senses, the idea of the Moon as just a destination embodies these problematic qualities. 从某些意义上说, 将月球仅视为目的地的想法 只会让这些问题再度出现。
It conjures a frontier attitude of conquest , big rockets and expensive projects, competition and winning. 它让人想到拓荒者的 征服心态, 巨大的火箭和昂贵的计划, 竞争与获胜。
governance:n.管理;统治;支配; pandemics:大流行;流行病; terrorism:n.恐怖主义; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; biodiversity:n.生物多样性; embodies:vt.体现,使具体化;具体表达; problematic:adj.问题的;有疑问的;不确定的; conjures:v.变魔术;变戏法;(conjure的第三人称单数) attitude:n.态度;看法;意见;姿势; conquest:n.征服;占领;占领(或征服)的地区;(爱情或性方面)被俘虏的人; competition:n.竞争;比赛,竞赛;
But what's most interesting about the Moon isn't the billionaires with their rockets or the same old power struggle between states. 但月球最有趣之处 并非是拥有火箭的亿万富翁 或是国家之间权力斗争的老调重弹。
In fact, it's not the hardware at all. 事实上,这和硬件无关。
It's the software. 而是软件——
It's the norms , customs and laws. 是规范、惯例和法律。
It's our social technologies . 这是我们的社会技术。
And it's the opportunity to update our democratic institutions and the rule of law to respond to a new era of planetary-scale challenges. 而这也是一个更新我们民主体制 与法治的机会, 用来回应这个正面临 行星级挑战的新时代。[02:45]
hardware:n.计算机硬件;五金器具; norms:n.[标准]标准,规范;基准(norm复数形式); technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); update:vt.使现代化;更新;n.现代化;更新的信息; democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的; institutions:n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯,制度;(institution的复数) respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; era:n.新时期;纪元;年代;新时代;
I'm going to tell you about how the Moon can be a canvas for solving some of our biggest challenges here on Earth. 我将会告诉你,月球如何 能成为一张新的蓝图, 帮助我们解决在地球上 遇到的大难题。
I've been kind of obsessed with this topic since I was a teenager. 我从青少年时期开始 一直痴迷于这个话题。
I've spent the last two decades working on international space policy , but also on small community projects with bottom-up governance design. 过去二十年来,我一直 致力于研究国际太空政策, 以及小型社群计划, 设计由下而上的治理机制。
canvas:n.帆布;(帆布)画布;油画;vt.用帆布覆盖; obsessed:v.使痴迷;使迷恋;使着迷;(obsess的过去式和过去分词) policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; bottom-up:adj.[计]自底向上的;从细节到总体的;
When I was 17, 我十七岁时,
I went to a UN conference on the peaceful uses of outer space in Vienna. 在维也纳参加了一场关于 和平利用外太空的 联合国会议。
Over two weeks, 160 young people from over 60 countries were crammed into a big hotel next to the UN building. 在两个多星期内,来自超过 60 个国家的 160 位年轻人 涌入了位于联合国大楼 旁边的一间酒店。
We were invited to make recommendations to Member States about the role of space in humanity's future. 我们被邀请 向会员国提议 未来人类在外太空所扮演的角色。
conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会) outer:adj.外面的,外部的;远离中心的;n.环外命中; crammed:adj.塞满的;挤满的;v.把…塞进;挤满;塞满;(cram的过去分词和过去式) recommendations:n.推荐;推荐信;推荐规范(recommendation的复数形式);
After the conference, some of us were so inspired that we actually decided to keep living together. 在那场会议之后, 我们受到了很大的启发, 甚至决定继续生活在一起。
Now, living with 20 people might sound kind of crazy, but over the years, it enabled us to create a high-trust group that allowed us to experiment with these social technologies. 和二十个人住在一起 听起来有些疯狂, 但多年以来,我们得以形成 一个高度信任的团体 对这些社会技术进行实验。
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) enabled:v.使得;授予…权力;(enabled是enable的过去式)
We designed governance systems ranging from assigning a CEO to using a jury process . 我们设计了各种治理机制, 从 CEO 的选派, 到陪审程序的进行。
And as we grew into our careers , and we moved from DC think tanks to working for NASA to starting our own companies, these experiments enabled us to see how even small groups could be a petri dish 而随着我们不断发展自己的事业, 从华盛顿特区的智囊团 到为美国太空总署工作, 并成立我们自己的公司, 这些实验让我们看到 即使是小型的团体 也能够成为培养皿,
assigning:v.分派;设定(assign的ing形式); jury:n.[法]陪审团;评判委员会;adj.应急的; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; careers:n.职业(career的复数);事业;职业生涯;v.全速前进(career的三单形式); petri dish:n.培养皿(作细菌培养等用的有盖玻璃碟);
for important societal questions such as representation , sustainability or opportunity. 对重要的社会问题 进行试验,例如代表性, 可持续或机会的问题。
People often talk about the Moon as a petri dish or even a blank slate . 人们谈论月球时, 经常把它当作一个培养皿 或甚至是一块空白的黑板。
But because of the legal agreements that govern the Moon, it actually has something very important in common with our global challenges here on Earth. 但因为有针对治理月球 所成立的法律协议, 它其实和我们在地球上 遇到的全球性难题 有很重要的共通点。
societal:adj.社会的; representation:n.表现;代表;描述;陈述 sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性; slate:n.石板;板岩;候选人名单;v.批评;抨击;预定;计划;安排;选定; legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; in common with:与…一样; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
They both involve issues that require us to think beyond territory and borders, meaning the Moon is actually more of a template than a blank slate. 两者牵涉到的问题都需要我们跳脱 领土与国境的框架来思考, 这意味着月球 其实比较像是块模板, 而非空白的的黑板。
Signed in 1967, the Outer Space Treaty is the defining treaty governing activities in outer space, including the Moon. 在 1967 年签署的《外太空条约》, 是一项用以规范外太空活动的 决定性条约, 其中就包含月球。
And it has two key ingredients that radically alter the basis on which laws can be constructed . 并且它有两个关键点 从根本上改变了制定法律的基础。
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数) territory:n.领土,领域;范围;地域;版图; template:n.模板,样板; Treaty:n.条约,协议;谈判; defining:v.解释(词语)的含义;给(词语)下定义;阐明;界定;(define的现在分词) ingredients:n.成分;(尤指烹饪)原料;(成功的)要素;(ingredient的复数) radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式; alter:v.更改;修改(衣服使更合身); constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式)
The first is a requirement for free access to all areas of a celestial body. 第一点要求在天体上 所有区域内自由进出。
And the second is that the Moon and other celestial bodies are not subject to national appropriation . 第二点则是, 月球与其它天体 不得为任何国家所占有。
Now, this is crazy, because the entire earthly international system -- the United Nations , the system of treaties and international agreements -- is built on the idea of state sovereignty , 这简直让人难以想象, 因为地球上所有的国际体系—— 联合国, 条约和国际协议的体制—— 都是建立在国家主权概念,
celestial:adj.天上的,天空的;n.神仙,天堂里的居民; appropriation:n.拨款;挪用; earthly:adj.地球的;尘世的;可能的; United Nations:n.联合国; treaties:n.条约;协定问题(treaty的复数); sovereignty:n.主权;主权国家;君主;独立国;
on the appropriation of land and resources within borders and the autonomy to control free access within those borders. 国境之内资源与土地的据有 以及限制国境之内 自由进出的自治权之上。
By doing away with both of these, we create the conditions for what are called the "commons." 借由舍弃这两者, 我们创造了被称作 “全球公域”的概念。
Based on the work of Nobel Prize-winning economist Elinor Ostrom, global commons are those resources that we all share that require us to work together to manage and protect important aspects of our survival and well-being , like climate or the oceans. 诺贝尔奖得主,经济学家 伊莉诺·欧斯壮（Elinor Ostrom）指出, 全球公域是我们共享的资源, 需要我们一起合作管理与保护, 并且对我们的生存与福祉至关重要, 比如气候或海洋。
autonomy:n.自治,自治权; Prize-winning:获奖的; aspects:n.方面;相位;面貌(aspect的复数); survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
Commons-based approaches offer a greenfield for institution design that's only beginning to be explored at the global and interplanetary level. 以公域概念为基础的方法 为制度设计开拓了新的领域, 而我们才刚开始 在行星的尺度上进行探索。
What do property rights look like? 财产权会是什么概念呢？
And how do we manage resources when the traditional tools of external authority and private property don't apply ? 我们如何在外部权威 与私有财等传统工具 不适用的情况下 管理资源呢？
Though we don't have all the answers, climate, internet governance, authoritarianism -- these are all deeply existential threats that we have failed to address with our current ways of thinking. 虽然我们没有所有的答案, 气候、网络治理、集权主义── 这些都深深地威胁我们的生存, 然而我们目前的思维模式 根本无法应对这些问题。
approaches:v.靠近,接近; n.方式,方法,态度; greenfield:n.市郊绿区;adj.未开发地区的; explored:v.探索;勘探;考察;探险;(explore的过去式和过去分词) interplanetary:adj.太阳系内的;行星间的; traditional:传统的,惯例的, external:n.外部;外观;形式;外部情况;adj.外部的;外面的;外界的;外来的; authority:n.权威;权力;当局; apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; authoritarianism:n.独裁主义;权力主义; existential:adj.存在主义的;有关存在的;存在判断的;
Successful paths forward will require us to develop new tools. 我们需要开发出新的工具, 以找到成功的出路。
So how do we incorporate commons-based logic into our global and space institutions? 那么,我们该如何将公域的逻辑 并入全球与太空的体制呢？
Well, here's one attempt that came from an unlikely source. 我们已经有人通过 意想不到的方式做出了尝试。
As a young activist in World War II, 作为一位二战时期的 年轻激进行动主义者,
Arvid Pardo was arrested for anti-fascist organizing and held under death sentence by the Gestapo . 阿维德·帕多（Arvid Pardo）因为 组织反法西斯活动被逮捕, 被盖世太保判处死刑。
incorporate:vt.包含,吸收; vi.合并; adj.合并的; logic:n.逻辑;逻辑学;逻辑性;adj.逻辑的; attempt:n.企图,试图;攻击;v.企图,试图;尝试; unlikely:adj.不大可能发生的;非心目中的;非想象的;难以相信的; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子; anti-fascist:反法西斯; organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词) death sentence:n.死刑; Gestapo:n.盖世太保(德国纳粹秘密警察);
After the war, he worked his way into the diplomatic corps , eventually becoming the first permanent representative of Malta to the United Nations. 战争结束后, 他努力进入外交使团, 最终成为联合国的第一位 马尔他常驻代表。
Pardo saw that international law did not have the tools to address management of shared global resources, such as the high seas . 帕多看到国际法没有能够 处理全球共享资源管理的工具, 例如公海。
He also saw an opportunity to advocate for equitable sharing between nations. 他也认为这是提倡各国之间 和平共享的好机会。
diplomatic corps:n.外交使团; eventually:adv.最后,终于; permanent representative:常驻代表; Malta:n.马尔他(欧洲岛国); management:n.管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段; high seas:n.公海; advocate:v.拥护;支持;提倡;n.支持者;提倡者;辩护律师;出庭辩护人; equitable:adj.公平的,公正的;平衡法的;
In 1967, Pardo gave a famous speech to the United Nations, introducing the idea that the oceans and their resources were the "common heritage of mankind ." 在 1967 年,帕多在联合国 发表了着名的演讲, 并提出了这个想法: 海洋资源是“人类共同继承的遗产”。
The phrase was eventually adopted as part of the Law of the Sea Treaty, probably the most sophisticated commons-management regime on the planet today. 这句话最后成为了 《海洋法公约》的一部分, 而该公约或许是今天地球现存 最复杂的共有财管理制度。
It was seen as a watershed moment, a constitution for the seas. 它被视为一个分水岭, 一部为海洋所设立的宪法。
mankind:n.人类;男性; adopted:adj.被收养的;被采用的;v.采用;接受;(adopt的过去式和过去分词); sophisticated:adj.复杂的;老练的;见多识广的;水平高的; regime:n.政权,政体;社会制度;管理体制; watershed:n.(美)流域;分水岭;集水区;转折点;adj.标志转折点的; constitution:n.宪法;构成;体质;组成;
But the language proved so controversial that it took over 12 years to gain enough signatures for the treaty to enter into force, and some states still refuse to sign it. 但是该条约的语言 存在诸多争议, 导致花了十二年 才有足够的国家签署, 得以产生法律效力, 虽然至今有些国家仍拒绝签署。
The objection was not so much about sharing per se , but the obligation to share. 反对的声音所针对的 并不是“分享”本身, 而是反对分享的义务。
States felt that the principle of equality undermined their autonomy and state sovereignty, the same autonomy and state sovereignty that underpins international law. 这些国家认为, 平等原则会损害其自治权 与国家主权, 而国际法正是由自治权 与国家主权所支撑的。
controversial:adj.有争议的;有争论的; signatures:n.签名;鲜明特征(signature的复数); enter into:进入;讨论;成为…的一部分;研讨;分享;体谅; objection:n.反对;反对的理由;异议; per se:adv.本身;本质上; obligation:n.义务;责任;职责;(已承诺的或法律等规定的)义务; principle:n.原理,原则;主义,道义;本质,本义;根源,源泉; undermined:v.暗地里破坏;挖…的下面(undermine的过去分词); underpins:v.加强,巩固,构成;加固(墙)基;(underpin的第三人称单数)
So in many ways, the story of the common heritage principle is a tragedy . 从很多方面来说, 这则共同遗产原则的故事 都是以悲剧收场。
But it's powerful because it makes plain the ways in which the current world order will put up antibodies and defenses and resist attempts at structural reform . 但是其影响力非常深远, 因为它清楚地说明, 现今的世界秩序会如何反制、防止 并对抗任何结构改革的企图。
tragedy:n.悲惨的事;不幸;灾难;悲剧作品; antibodies:n.[免疫]抗体(antibody的复数); resist:v.抵制;阻挡;反抗;回击;抵抗;忍住;n.防染剂;防蚀用涂料;防腐剂; attempts:n.企图,试图;尝试(attempt的复数);v.试图;努力去做(attempt的三单形式); structural:adj.结构的;建筑的; reform:v.改革;改进;改良;(使)悔改;n.改革;改良;改善;
But here's the thing: the Outer Space Treaty has already made these structural reforms . 但是,重点来了: 《外太空条约》已经实现了 这些结构性的改革。
At the height of the Cold War, terrified that each would get to the Moon first, the United States and the USSR made the Westphalian equivalent of a deal with the devil . 在冷战时期 形势最严峻的那段时间, 美国与苏联 因害怕对方会率先登陆月球 而签署了一项魔鬼交易,相当于 太空领域的西伐利亚合约。
reforms:n.改革(reform的复数);v.改革(reform的单数第三人称); equivalent:adj.等价的,相等的;同意义的;n.等价物,相等物; devil:n.魔鬼;撒旦;家伙;恶棍;淘气鬼;冒失鬼;v.虐待,折磨;扯碎;做助手;
By requiring free access and preventing territorial appropriation, we are required to redesign our most basic institutions, and perhaps in doing so, learn something new we can apply here on Earth. 通过允许自由进出, 但防止领土占据, 我们需要重新设计 最基本的体制, 或许,与此同时, 我们能够学到可以应用 在地球上的新事物。
So although the Moon might seem a little far away sometimes, how we answer basic questions now will set precedent for who has a seat at the table and what consent looks like. 虽然有时候月球看起来有点遥远, 但我们现在如何回答 这些基础的问题, 将会为以下问题树立先例: 谁能握有决定权？ 以及,什么算是共识？
territorial:adj.领土的;区域的;土地的;地方的;n.地方自卫队士兵; redesign:vt.重新设计;n.重新设计;新设计; consent:vi.同意;赞成;答应;n.同意;(意见等的)一致;赞成;
And these are questions of social technology , not rockets and hardware. 而这是关于社会技术的问题, 与火箭和硬件无关。
In fact, these conversations are starting to happen right now. 事实上,关于这些问题的 对话才刚刚开始。
The space community is discussing basic shared agreements, such as how do we designate lunar areas as heritage sites , and how do we get permission for where to land when traditional external authority doesn't apply? 航天领域正在讨论基础的共同协议, 像是:我们如何将月球区域 指定为文化遗产？ 当传统的外部权威不适用时, 我们如何获得 在某处登陆的许可？
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; designate:vt.指定;指派;标出;把…定名为;adj.指定的;选定的; sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式);
How do we enforce requirements for coordination when it's against the rules to tell people where to go? 如果指示其他人去哪里是违规的, 我们该如何要求他们配合呢？
And how do we manage access to scarce resources such as water, minerals or even the peaks of eternal light -- craters that sit at just the right latitude to receive near-constant exposure to sunlight -- and therefore, power? 还有,我们如何管理 稀缺资源的取得, 例如水、矿物, 甚至是永昼峰—— 即位于适当的纬度, 几乎一直受到 阳光照射的陨石坑—— 以及阳光的能量呢？
enforce:v.强制执行;强迫;迫使; coordination:n.协调,调和;对等,同等; minerals:n.矿物;矿产,矿产品(mineral的复数);矿物质; peaks:n.山顶;峰巅(peak的复数); eternal:adj.永恒的;不朽的; craters:n.[地质]火山口; v.形成坑; latitude:n.纬度;界限;活动范围; exposure:n.暴露;显露;揭露;面临; sunlight:n.日光;
Now, some people think that the lack of rules on the Moon is terrifying . 有些人会因月球上缺乏规则 而感到恐惧,
And there are legitimately some terrifying elements of it. 其中确实也存在令人恐惧的成分。
If there are no rules on the Moon, then won't we end up in a first-come, first-served situation? 如果月球上没有任何规则, 那我们不就会陷入 “先到先得”的状况吗？
And we might, if we dismiss this moment. 这是有可能的, 如果此刻我们 对这些问题置之不理——
terrifying:adj.令人恐惧的;骇人的;极大的;v.使害怕,使恐怖;(terrify的现在分词) legitimately:adv.合理地;正当地; elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) dismiss:v.不予考虑;摒弃;消除;解雇;
But not if we're willing to be bold and to engage the challenge. 除非我们愿意大胆一点, 并愿意面对挑战。
As we learned in our communities of self-governance , it's easier to create something new than trying to dismantle the old. 就像我们在自治的社群中 所学习到的那样, 创造新事物比废除旧的 要来得更容易。
And where else but the Moon can we prototype new institutions at global scale in a self-contained environment with the exact design constraints needed for our biggest challenges here on Earth? 还有别处比月球 有更好的独立环境, 具备我们所需的设计限制, 供我们建立全球规模的新制度原型, 来解决我们在地球上的大难题吗？
bold:adj.大胆的,英勇的;黑体的;厚颜无耻的;险峻的; engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) self-governance:n.自治;自我管理;自我治理; dismantle:v.拆开,拆卸;(逐渐)废除,取消; prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; self-contained:adj.独立的;设备齐全的;沉默寡言的; constraints:n.[数]约束;限制;约束条件(constraint的复数形式);
Back in 1999, the United Nations taught a group of young space geeks that we could think bigger, that we could impact nations if we chose to. 回到 1999 年, 联合国培育了一群 热衷于研究太空的年轻人, 让我们的梦想更远大—— 如果我们愿意的话, 甚至能对各国产生影响。
Today, the stage is set for the next step: to envision what comes after territory and borders. 今天,我们已经为下一步做好准备: 展望一个超越领土与国界的未来。
Thank you. 感谢聆听。
geeks:n.奇葩(指反常的人,畸形人,野人,现也指智力超群,善于钻研但不懂与人交往的学者或知识分子); impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; envision:v.想象;预想;