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JeffreyBrown_2015-_我们如何将波士顿青年的暴力行为降低_79%_
I've learned some of my most important life lessons from drug dealers and gang members and prostitutes , and I've had some of my most profound theological conversations not in the hallowed halls of a seminary but on a street corner on a Friday night, at 1 a.m. 我曾在这些人身上学到人生最宝贵的课堂: 在毒贩、黑社会成员和妓女身上。 而令我最深刻的神学讨论, 不是在神学院的神圣会堂中发生, 而是在街头发生, 在星期五晚上,凌晨一时。
gang:n.一群; v.(英)去; prostitutes:n.卖淫者;妓女v.滥用才能;出卖肉体(prostitute的第三人称单数和复数) profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的; theological:adj.神学的,神学上的; hallowed:adj.神圣的,神圣化的; seminary:n.神学院;学校;发源地;高级中学;
That's a little unusual, since I am a Baptist minister , seminary-trained, and pastored a church for over 20 years, but it's true. 这有些奇怪,因我是个在神学院受训的浸信会牧师, 还在一所教会做了超过二十年牧师, 但这都是真的。
Baptist:n.施洗者约翰,施洗者;浸信会教友; minister:n.部长;大臣;牧师;vi.执行牧师职务;辅助或伺候某人;
It came as a part of my participation in a public safety crime reduction strategy that saw a 79 percent reduction in violent crime over an eight-year period in a major city. 这是我在参与减低罪案的计划时的收获, 并令这大城市的犯罪率 在八年后下跌了百分之七十九。
participation:n.参与;分享;参股; reduction:n.减少;缩小;降低;减价;折扣;缩图; strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略; violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的;
But I didn't start out wanting to be a part of somebody's crime reduction strategy. 但我不是一开始就想参与减低罪案的计划。
I was 25, had my first church. 我当时二十五岁,刚有自己的教会,
If you would have asked me what my ambition was, 如果你当时问我的人生目标是甚么,
ambition:n.追求的目标;野心;志向;抱负;
I would have told you I wanted to be a megachurch pastor . 我会说我想在一间超大型教会当牧师,
megachurch:n.大教会; pastor:n.(尤指非英国国教的)牧师;
I wanted a 15-, 20,000-member church. 我想有间拥有一万五千、二万信众的教会,
I wanted my own television ministry . 我想有自己的电视传道节目,
ministry:n.(政府的)部门;
I wanted my own clothing line. 我想有自己的服装品牌,
(Laughter) (笑声)
I wanted to be your long distance carrier. 我还想当你的长途电话公司,
You know, the whole nine yards . 所有能想到的事我也想拥有。
the whole nine yards:一切相关的;在各个方面;应有尽有,十全十美;
(Laughter) (笑声)
After about a year of pastoring , my membership went up about 20 members. 在我当牧师一年后, 我有约二十个信众,
pastoring:n.牧师;vt.作…的牧师; membership:n.成员资格;(统称)会员;会员人数;
So megachurchdom was way down the road . 所以距离超大型教会的目标还很远。
down the road:只要沿着这条路;将来;在路上;
But seriously, if you'd have said, "What is your ambition?" 但老实说,当你问我的梦想是甚么时,
I would have said just to be a good pastor, to be able to be with people through all the passages of life, to preach messages that would have an everyday meaning for folks, and in the African-American tradition, to be able to represent the community that I serve. 我只想成为一个好牧师, 与人们渡过人生的所有阶段, 向人们传道终生受用的讯息, 以及正如非裔美国人的传统所说的, 能够代表我所服务的社区。
preach:v.宣扬;说教;布道;n.说教;训诫; African-American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
But there was something else that was happening in my city and in the entire metro area, and in most metro areas in the United States, and that was the homicide rate started to rise precipitously . 但在我的城市中,有些事正在发生, 就在整个都市中, 以及美国大部份的都市。 凶杀案的数字急剧上升,
metro:地铁 United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) homicide:n.杀人;杀人犯; precipitously:adv.陡峭地;出乎意料地;陡然地;
And there were young people who were killing each other for reasons that I thought were very trivial , like bumping into someone in a high school hallway, and then after school, shooting the person. 年轻人为了微不足道的小事杀害对方, 例如在高中的走廊撞到别人, 放学后便用枪杀害那人,
trivial:adj.不重要的,琐碎的;琐细的; bumping:v.碰上,撞上;颠簸行进(bump的现在分词)
Someone with the wrong color shirt on, on the wrong street corner at the wrong time. 又或是有人穿了颜色不对的衣服, 在错误的时间和错误的地方出现。
And something needed to be done about that. 我们必须做些事情。
It got to the point where it started to change the character of the city. 这个问题已开始改变城市的面貌。
You could go to any housing project , for example, like the one that was down the street from my church, and you would walk in, and it would be like a ghost town , 你可到任何一个公共屋村, 就如在我教会那条街的, 当你走进那里,那地方就如一个死城。
housing project:n.公房项目;公房区(常由政府为贫困家庭营造); ghost town:鬼镇;废弃的城市;
because the parents wouldn't allow their kids to come out and play, even in the summertime , because of the violence . 即使在暑假,家长都不让小孩出来玩, 都是因为这些暴力事件。
summertime:n.夏季; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
You would listen in the neighborhoods on any given night, and to the untrained ear, it sounded like fireworks , but it was gunfire . 你在这个社区的任何一晚 都会听到像是烟花的声音, 但其实是枪声。
untrained:adj.未经训练的; fireworks:n.烟花;烟火表演;激烈的言辞;令人激动的行动;(firework的复数) gunfire:n.炮火;炮火声;
You'd hear it almost every night, when you were cooking dinner, telling your child a bedtime story, or just watching TV. 你几乎每晚都能听到,就在你准备晚餐时, 和你的孩子说床边故事时,或当你在看电视时。
And you can go to any emergency room at any hospital, and you would see lying on gurneys young black and Latino men shot and dying. 你也可以到任何一间医院的急诊室, 看到担架上中了弹并垂死的年轻黑人和拉丁美洲人。
emergency room:n.急诊室; gurneys:n.(医院用来移动病人的)轮床; Latino:adj.拉丁美洲的;拉丁美洲人的;n.拉丁美洲人;
And I was doing funerals , but not of the venerated matriarchs and patriarchs who'd lived a long life and there's a lot to say. 当我主持丧礼时, 死去的不是受人尊敬的长者, 这样我会有很多话要说。
funerals:n.葬礼;丧礼;出殡;(funeral的复数) venerated:vt.崇敬,尊敬; matriarchs:女家长;女统治者;受人尊敬的妇女(matriarch的名词复数); patriarchs:(男性)家长;族长;创始者;德高望重的男长者(patriarch的复数);
I was doing funerals of 18-year-olds,17-year-olds,and 16-year-olds, and I was standing in a church or at a funeral home struggling to say something that would make some meaningful impact . 但我是为十八岁、十七岁、十六岁的人主持丧礼。 我当时站在教会或殡仪馆里, 在挣扎应说甚么能带来改变的说话。
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
And so while my colleagues were building these cathedrals great and tall and buying property outside of the city and moving their congregations out so that they could create or recreate their cities of God, the social structures in the inner cities were sagging under the weight of all of this violence. 因此当我的同事在兴建又高又宏伟的大教堂时, 他们购买城市外的物業 让他们能迁移信众, 以创造或再造他们的上帝之城, 这时旧城区的社会结构正承受暴力事件的重担。
colleagues:n.同事;同行(colleague的复数); cathedrals:教堂; congregations:聚集;(教堂里的)会众(congregation的名词复数); recreate:vt.再现;再创造 structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式); inner:n.内部;射中接近靶心部分的一发;adj.里面的;向内的;内部的;接近中心的; sagging:n.下垂;vi.下沉;松垂(sag的ing形式);
And so I stayed, because somebody needed to do something, and so I had looked at what I had and moved on that. 因此我选择留下,有人必须做些事。 我看看有甚么我可以做的便实行。
I started to preach decrying the violence in the community. 我开始在社区传道以打破暴力的污名,
decrying:vt.责难,谴责;诽谤;
And I started to look at the programming in my church, and I started to build programs that would catch the at-risk youth, those who were on the fence to the violence. 我亦开始檢视教会的活动计划, 我开始建立协助边缘青年的计划 幫助那些快走向暴力的青年。
at-risk:adj.处于危险中的; on the fence:保持中立;抱观望态度;
I even tried to be innovative in my preaching . 我甚至尝试用创新的方法传道,
innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; preaching:v.讲道(尤指教堂中礼拜时); n.讲道; (preach的现在分词)
You all have heard of rap music, right? 你们都有听过饒舌音乐吗?
rap:n.说唱;说唱音乐;罪责;不公正的判决;v.击打;突然大声说出;严厉批评;
Rap music? 饒舌音乐?
I even tried to rap sermon one time. 我有次甚至以饒舌形式讲道。
sermon:n.布道;讲道;冗长的说教;
It didn't work, but at least I tried it. 虽然效果不佳,但至少我尝试过。
I'll never forget the young person who came to me after that sermon. 我还记得有个年轻人在布道后走过来,
young person:n.(14至17岁的)青少年;
He waited until everybody was gone, and he said, "Rev, rap sermon, huh?" And I was like, "Yeah, what do you think?" 他等所有人离开后跟我说:「牧师,饒舌讲道吗?」 然后我问:「对呀,你觉得如何?」
And he said, "Don't do that again, Rev." 他说:「不要再这样做了。」
(Laughter) (笑声)
But I preached and I built these programs, and I thought maybe if my colleagues did the same that it would make a difference . 我传道和建立这些计划, 我想如果我的同事都这样做的话, 我们就可以带来改变。
preached:v.讲道;宣传,宣讲;说教;(preach的过去分词和过去式) make a difference:有影响,有关系;
But the violence just careened out of control, and people who were not involved in the violence were getting shot and killed: somebody going to buy a pack of cigarettes at a convenience store , 但暴力事件就是不受控制。 不牵涉在内的人却被人射杀, 例如到便利店买香烟的人,
careened:vi.倾侧,倾斜;vt.使倾侧,使倾斜;n.船的倾侧; involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) convenience store:n.便利商店;
or someone who was sitting at a bus stop just waiting for a bus, or kids who were playing in the park, oblivious to the violence on the other side of the park, but it coming and visiting them. 在巴士站候车的人, 以及在公园玩耍的小孩, 他们没有察觉公园另一边的暴力事件, 但暴力事件发生在他们身上。
oblivious:adj.遗忘的;健忘的;不注意的;不知道的; on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
Things were out of control, and I didn't know what to do, and then something happened that changed everything for me. 事情失去了控制, 而我不知道该做甚么。 突然一件事完全改变了我。
It was a kid by the name of Jesse McKie, walking home with his friend Rigoberto Carrion to the housing project down the street from my church. 这是关于一个叫Jesse McKie的孩子, 和朋友Rigoberto Carrion一起回家, 回到我教会附近的公共屋村。
by the name of:名叫;以…的名义; Carrion:adj.腐肉的;腐朽的;n.腐肉;臭尸;不洁之物;
They met up with a group of youth who were from a gang in Dorchester , and they were killed. 他们遇到了来自多切斯特幫派的一群青年, 两人都被杀。
Dorchester:n.多尔切斯特(英国英格兰南部城市);
But as Jesse was running from the scene mortally wounded , he was running in the direction of my church, and he died some 100, 150 yards away. Jesse负着致命的伤逃走, 他正朝着我教会的方向奔跑, 但他在一百、一百五十码外死了。
mortally:adv.致命地;非常; wounded:adj.受伤的; n.伤员; v.使受伤; (wound的过去分词和过去式)
If he would have gotten to the church, it wouldn't have made a difference, because the lights were out; nobody was home. 就算他抵达教会也没有分别, 因当时所有灯都熄了,没有人在那里。
And I took that as a sign. 但我视这为一个征兆。
When they caught some of the youth that had done this deed , to my surprise, they were around my age, but the gulf that was between us was vast. 当他们捉到做了这些坏事的青年时, 令我很惊讶的是他们和我的年龄相近, 但我们之间的差异十分大,
deed:n.行动;功绩;证书;[法]契据;vt.立契转让; gulf:n.海湾;深渊;分歧;漩涡;vt.吞没;
It was like we were in two completely different worlds. 就像我们活在完全不同的世界中。
And so as I contemplated all of this and looked at what was happening, 正当我反思一切、思考发生了甚么事时,
contemplated:v.考虑;思量;深思熟虑;沉思;(contemplate的过去式和过去分词)
I suddenly realized that there was a paradox that was emerging inside of me, and the paradox was this: in all of those sermons that I preached decrying the violence, 我突然察觉我内心的一个问题: 在我宣扬去除暴力的布道中,
paradox:n.悖论,反论;似非而是的论点;自相矛盾的人或事; emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) sermons:n.布道;讲道;冗长的说教;(sermon的复数)
I was also talking about building community, but I suddenly realized that there was a certain segment of the population that I was not including in my definition of community. 我同时亦谈及建设社群。 但我突然醒觉有一撮人 并不在我对社群的定义中。
segment:n.段;部分;片;弓形;v.分割;划分; definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释;
And so the paradox was this: 所以这个问题是这样的:
If I really wanted the community that I was preaching for, 如果我真的想幫助这个社群,
I needed to reach out and embrace this group that I had cut out of my definition. 我必须走出去, 并接纳这群不在我定义中的人。
embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括;
Which meant not about building programs to catch those who were on the fences of violence, but to reach out and to embrace those who were committing the acts of violence, the gang bangers , the drug dealers. 我们不应只幫助那些快走向暴力的青年, 还应幫助那些已在犯暴力罪行的人, 那些黑社会成员和毒贩。
committing:v.做出;犯罪或错等;自杀;承诺,保证;(commit的现在分词) bangers:n.鞭炮,爆竹;香肠;破旧车;
As soon as I came to that realization , a quick question came to my mind. 当我有了这个觉醒后,我脑海中浮现一条问题:
As soon as:一…就; realization:n.实现;领悟;
Why me? 为何是我?
I mean, isn't this a law enforcement issue ? 这不应该是执法机构的问题吗?
enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
This is why we have the police, right? 这不是我们有警察的原因吗?
As soon as the question, "Why me?" came, the answer came just as quickly: 当这问题出现时,答案亦随之而揭晓。
Why me? Because I'm the one who can't sleep at night thinking about it. 为何是我? 因为我因这个问题而不能入睡,
Because I'm the one looking around saying somebody needs to do something about this, and I'm starting to realize that that someone is me. 因为我认为有些人必须做些事, 而我察觉这人就是我。
I mean, isn't that how movements start anyway? 社会运动不就是这样开始吗?
They don't start with a grand convention and people coming together and then walking in lockstep with a statement . 一开始时并不是人们众集在宏伟的会议中心, 并有着共同的信念。
convention:n.习俗;惯例;协定;常规; lockstep:n.因循守旧;密集连锁的步伐;步伐一致; statement:n.声明;陈述,叙述;报表,清单;
But it starts with just a few, or maybe just one. 开始时通常只有几个人,或一个人,
It started with me that way, and so I decided to figure out the culture of violence in which these young people who were committing them existed, and I started to volunteer at the high school. 而发起的就只有我。 我决定研究这令年轻人 犯下暴力罪行的文化。 我开始在高中当义工,
volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿;
After about two weeks of volunteering at the high school, 在两星期的义工服务后,
volunteering:v.自愿做;义务做;无偿做;当志愿兵(volunteer的现在分词)
I realized that the youth that I was trying to reach,they weren't going to high school. 我发现我想接触的青年都已辍学。
I started to walk in the community, and it didn't take a rocket scientist to realize that they weren't out during the day. 因此我走进社区, 但不需科学家也可知道他们不会在白天出现。
So I started to walk the streets at night, late at night, going into the parks where they were, building the relationship that was necessary. 所以我在深夜时走到街上, 走到他们所在的公园, 开始建立必需的关系。
A tragedy happened in Boston that brought a number of clergy together, and there was a small cadre of us who came to the realization that we had to come out of the four walls of our sanctuary and meet the youth where they were, and not try to figure out how to bring them in. 一件在波士顿发生的悲剧令一些教士聚首一堂, 当中有一小撮人发觉 我们必须走出我们的教会, 走到青年所在的地方, 不追究甚么事令他们变成这样。
tragedy:n.悲惨的事;不幸;灾难;悲剧作品; Boston:n.波士顿(美国城市); clergy:n.神职人员;牧师;僧侣; cadre:n.干部;基础结构;骨骼; sanctuary:n.避难所;至圣所;耶路撒冷的神殿;
And so we decided to walk together, and we would get together in one of the most dangerous neighborhoods in the city on a Friday night and on a Saturday night at 10 p.m., and we would walk until 2 or 3 in the morning. 我们决定和他们同行。 在这城市最危险的社区认识对方, 就在星期五和星期六的晚上, 晚上十时, 一起走到清晨二、三时。
get together:聚会
I imagine we were quite the anomaly when we first started walking. 当我们刚开始时,我们是不正常的人,
anomaly:n.异常;不规则;反常事物;
I mean, we weren't drug dealers. 我们又不是毒贩,
We weren't drug customers. 我们不是吸毒的人,
We weren't the police. Some of us would have collars on. 我们不是警察,我们还戴着罗马领,
collars:n.衣领;领子;颈圈;v.抓住;捉住;逮住(collar的第三人称单数和复数)
It was probably a really odd thing. 所以这是十分奇怪的。
odd:adj.古怪的;奇数的;n.奇数;
But they started speaking to us after a while, and what we found out is that while we were walking, they were watching us, and they wanted to make sure of a couple of things: 但不久后他们开始和我们说话。 我们后来发现当我们行走时,他们在观察我们。 他们想确认以下的事:
that number one, we were going to be consistent in our behavior, that we would keep coming out there; and then secondly, they had wanted to make sure that we weren't out there to exploit them. 第一,我们会否坚持我们的行动, 我们会否坚持每晚到这里; 第二,他们想确认 我们不是要用利用他们的。
consistent:adj.始终如一的,一致的;坚持的; exploit:v.利用…为自己谋利;剥削;压榨;运用;发挥;
Because there was always somebody who would say, "We're going to take back the streets," 因为经常有些人说 「我们须收回我们的街道」,
but they would always seem to have a television camera with them, or a reporter, and they would enhance their own reputation to the detriment of those on the streets. 但他们往往拿着电视台的摄影机, 又或是个记者, 他们伤害在街头的人 去提高自己的声望。
enhance:v.提高;增强;增进; detriment:n.损害;伤害;损害物;
So when they saw that we had none of that, they decided to talk to us. 而当他们看到我们不是这些人时, 他们开始和我们说话。
And then we did an amazing thing for preachers . 然后我们做了一件令牧师惊讶的事,
preachers:n.牧师;传教士;鼓吹者;
We decided to listen and not preach. 我们决定聆听而不传教。
Come on, give it up for me. 对呀,为我们鼓掌吧。
(Laughter) (Applause) (笑声) (掌声)
All right, come on, you're cutting into my time now, okay? (Laughter) 好了停止吧,你们在占用我的时间。 (笑声)
But it was amazing. 但这真的很神奇。
We said to them, "We don't know our own communities after 9 p.m. at night, between 9 p.m. and 5 a.m., but you do. 我们跟他们说:「我们不知道这社区在晚上九时是怎样的, 就在晚上九时至早上五时。 但你们知道。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
You are the subject matter experts, if you will, of that period of time. 你就是那个时段的主人翁。
subject matter:n.题材;
So talk to us. Teach us. 所以告诉我们,教导我们,
Help us to see what we're not seeing. 幫助我们看见我们忽略了的事,
Help us to understand what we're not understanding." 幫助我们了解我们不明白的事。」
And they were all too happy to do that, and we got an idea of what life on the streets was all about, very different than what you see on the 11 o'clock news, very different than what is portrayed in popular media and even social media. 而他们全都乐意这样做, 我们开始了解街头的生活, 这和你在晚间新闻中看到的十分不同, 而且跟大众媒体和社群网路描绘的十分不同。
different than:不同于; portrayed:v.描绘;描画;描写;表现;扮演(某角色)(portray的过去分词和过去式) media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
And as we were talking with them, a number of myths were dispelled about them with us. 当我们和他们交谈时, 我们打破了一些关于他们的迷思。
myths:神话;谬见; dispelled:v.消除;
And one of the biggest myths was that these kids were cold and heartless and uncharacteristically bold in their violence. 而当中最大的迷思就是他们都是冷酷无情的, 而且不寻常地暴戾。
heartless:adj.无情的;无勇气的; uncharacteristically:adv.不典型地;非同寻常地; bold:adj.大胆的,英勇的;黑体的;厚颜无耻的;险峻的;
What we found out was the exact opposite. 但我们发现的是完全相反的。
Most of the young people who were out there on the streets are just trying to make it on the streets. 大部份在街头流连的青年人, 他们只是在尝试进入街头的生活。
And we also found out that some of the most intelligent and creative and magnificent and wise people that we've ever met were on the street, engaged in a struggle. 我们亦发现 一些我们见过最聪明、富创意、伟大、充满智慧的人, 都在街头上挣扎中。
intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的 creative:adj.创造性的; magnificent:adj.高尚的;壮丽的;华丽的;宏伟的; engaged in:从事于;忙于;
And I know some of them call it survival , but I call them overcomers, because when you're in the conditions that they're in, to be able to live every day is an accomplishment of overcoming . 我知道有些人称之为求存,但我认为这是克服困难。 因为当你在这环境时, 能够生存已经是一种成就。
survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; accomplishment:n.成就;完成;技艺,技能; overcoming:v.克服;解决;战胜;(overcome的现在分词)
And as a result of that, we said to them, "How do you see this church, how do you see this institution helping this situation?" 因此我们和他们说, 「你认为这所教会、这个机构能怎样改善这情况?」
as a result:结果; institution:n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗;
And we developed a plan in conversation with these youths. 在与这些青年的对话中我们制定了计划。
We stopped looking at them as the problem to be solved, and we started looking at them as partners, as assets , as co-laborers in the struggle to reduce violence in the community. 我们不再视他们为需要解决的问题, 我们开始视他们为伙伴、财富、 以及打击社区暴力的同事。
assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;(一项)财物;资产;(asset的名词复数)
Imagine developing a plan, you have one minister at one table and a heroin dealer at the other table, coming up with a way in which the church can help the entire community. 试想像在讨论一个计划时, 你有一个牧师在这,旁边却是一个贩卖海洛英的人, 他们一起为教会想办法去幫助整个社区。
heroin:n.[药][毒物]海洛因,吗啡; dealer:n.交易商;贸易商;贩毒者;毒品贩子;
The Boston Miracle was about bringing people together. 「波士顿奇迹」的成功在于连系人们。
Miracle:n.奇迹,奇迹般的人或物;惊人的事例;
We had other partners. 我们有同伴,
We had law enforcement partners. 我们有执法机构的伙伴,
We had police officers. 我们有一些警察同伴,
It wasn't the entire force, because there were still some who still had that lock-'em-up mentality , but there were other cops who saw the honor in partnering with the community, who saw the responsibility from themselves 但不是整个警方, 因为仍然有些人认为要拘捕他们。 但有另一种警察, 他们为能够协助社区而感到榮幸, 他们认为有责任
mentality:n.心态;[心理]智力;精神力;头脑作用; cops:n.警察;v.遭受;忍受;注意到;(cop的第三人称单数和复数)
to be able to work as partners with community leaders and faith leaders in order to reduce violence in the community. 跟社区领袖和信仰领袖合作, 一起打击社区中的暴力。
faith:n.信心;信任;宗教信仰;
Same with probation officers, same with judges, same with folks who were up that law enforcement chain, because they realized, like we did, that we'll never arrest ourselves out of this situation, that there will not be enough prosecutions made, and you cannot fill these jails up enough in order to alleviate the problem. 感化官也是这样。 法官也是这样。 执法机构的人也是这样。 因为他们像我们一样明白到, 我们绝不能置身事外, 而且我们永远不会有足够的檢控, 你不能填满监狱 去减轻这个问题。
probation:n.试用;缓刑;查验; prosecutions:n.(被)起诉,检举;诉讼;原告,控方;实施;从事;进行;(prosecution的复数) jails:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;vt.监禁;下狱; alleviate:v.减轻,缓和;
I helped to start an organization 20 years ago, a faith-based organization, to deal with this issue. 二十年前我协助一个 有信仰背景的机构解决这个问题,
organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; faith-based:基于信仰;
I left it about four years ago and started working in cities across the United States, 19 in total, and what I found out was that in those cities, there was always this component of community leaders 我在四年前离开了。 我开始在美国不同城市工作, 总共十九个城市。 而我发现这些城市中 总有一些社区领袖,
component:n.成分;部件;组成部分;adj.构成的;
who put their heads down and their nose to the grindstone , who checked their egos at the door and saw the whole as greater than the sum of its parts, and came together and found ways to work with youth out on the streets, that the solution is not more cops, 他们埋头苦干、 牺牲自我, 们认为群体比个人更重要, 他们一起寻找和街头青年合作的方法。 而解决方法并非更多的警察,
grindstone:n.磨石; egos:n.自我(ego的复数); solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
but the solution is mining the assets that are there in the community, to have a strong community component in the collaboration around violence reduction. 而是发掘社区中的资产。 我们需要社群积极的参与, 一起为打击暴力而合作。
collaboration:n.合作;勾结;通敌;
Now, there is a movement in the United States of young people who I am very proud of who are dealing with the structural issues that need to change if we're going to be a better society. 现在在美国有些 让我骄傲的青年在发起一个运动, 他们关注社会必须解决的结构性问题。
structural:adj.结构的;建筑的; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
But there is this political ploy to try to pit police brutality and police misconduct against black-on-black violence. 现时的政治技俩把警方使用暴力 和行为不当兴黑人之间的暴力混为一谈,
ploy:n.策略;活动;工作;vt.使部队由横队变为纵队;vi.由横队变为纵队; brutality:n.无情;残忍;暴行(需用复数形式); misconduct:n.不端行为;处理不当;vt.处理不当;行为不检;
But it's a fiction. 但这不是真的。
It's all connected. 一切都是有关连的。
When you think about decades of failed housing policies and poor educational structures, when you think about persistent unemployment and underemployment in a community, when you think about poor healthcare , 当你想到数十年来失败的公共屋村, 以及差强人意的教育制度, 当你想到社区持续不断的失業, 以及就業不足的问题, 当你想到恶劣的医疗保健,
policies:n.政策;方针;原则;为人之道;保险单(policy的复数) educational:adj.教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的 persistent:adj.固执的,坚持的;持久稳固的; unemployment:n.失业;失业率;失业人数; underemployment:n.[劳经]不充分就业;未按专长就业; healthcare:n.医疗保健;健康护理,健康服务;卫生保健;
and then you throw drugs into the mix and duffel bags full of guns, little wonder that you would see this culture of violence emerge. 你自然会走向毒品和整袋行李袋的枪, 难怪这暴力的文化会出现。
duffel:n.粗呢;露营用具;
And then the response that comes from the state is more cops and more suppression of hot spots. 然后国家的应对方法是更多的警察, 以及加强镇压犯罪热点。
response:n.响应;反应;回答; suppression:n.抑制;镇压;[植]压抑;
It's all connected, and one of the wonderful things that we've been able to do is to be able to show the value of partnering together -- community, law enforcement, private sector , the city --in order to reduce violence. 一切都有关连的。 而我们做了的一件美好的事, 就是表现了互相合作的的可贵, 社群、执法机构、私人机构和城市一起打击暴力。
private sector:n.(国家经济的)私营部分;
You have to value that community component. 你必须重视社群的支持。
I believe that we can end the era of violence in our cities. 我相信我们可以终结这个暴力的时代。
I believe that it is possible and that people are doing it even now. 我相信我们能做到,有些人现在已这样做。
But I need your help. 但我需要你们的幫助。
It can't just come from folks who are burning themselves out in the community. 社区中只有几个人拼命付出并不能成事。
They need support. They need help. 他们需要支持,他们需要幫助。
Go back to your city. 回到你们的城市,
Find those people. 找出这些人,
'"You need some help? I'll help you out." 「你需要幫忙吗? 让我协助你。」
Find those people. They're there. 找出这些人,他们都在此。
Bring them together with law enforcement, the private sector, and the city, with the one aim of reducing violence, but make sure that that community component is strong. 将这些人、执法机构、私人机构和城市团结一起, 一起打击暴力事件, 但社群的支持是必需的。
Because the old adage that comes from Burundi is right: that you do for me, without me, you do to me. 因为这布隆迪谚语说得很对: 「你为我做的事,如果没有了解我的意愿,就是和我作对。」
adage:n.格言,谚语;箴言;
God bless you. Thank you. 愿神保佑你们,谢谢。
(Applause) (掌声)