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JeffKirschner_2016S-_这款行动应用程式，让捡垃圾变得有趣_
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| This story starts with these two — my kids. |
故事是从这两位开始的── 我的孩子们。 |
| We were hiking in the Oakland woods when my daughter noticed a plastic tub of cat litter in a creek . |
当时我们在奥克兰森林健行, 我的女儿发现河里有个塑胶猫砂盆。 |
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Oakland:n.奥克兰(美国加州西部城市); tub:n.桶; v.使入浴; creek:n.小溪;小湾;
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| She looked at me and said, "Daddy?That doesn't go there." |
她看着我说: 「爸比？」「这不应该在这里。」 |
| When she said that,it reminded me of summer camp . |
这句话让我联想到夏令营。 |
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reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式) summer camp:n.夏令营;
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| On the morning of visiting day, right before they'd let our anxious parents come barreling through the gates, our camp director would say, "Quick! Everyone pick up five pieces of litter." |
在开放家长参观日的早上, 在着急的家长来到营地门口之前, 营地指挥官会说: 「快！每个人要捡 5 件垃圾。」 |
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barreling:n.滚磨;研磨;圆筒;v.把…装桶;快速移动;(barrel的现在分词)
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| You get a couple hundred kids each picking up five pieces, and pretty soon, you've got a much cleaner camp. |
几百位孩子,每个人捡 5 件垃圾, 很快的,营区变得干净许多。 |
| So I thought, why not apply that crowdsourced cleanup model to the entire planet? |
于是我在想, 为何不将这种「群众外包」的 清理方式套用在整个地球上？ |
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apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; cleanup:n.清除;暴利;清扫工作;第四防守位置;adj.第四位击球员的;
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| And that was the inspiration for Litterati. |
这就是 Litterati 爱垃圾活动的起源。 |
| The vision is to create a litter-free world. |
目的是创造「零垃圾」的世界。 |
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vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见;
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| Let me show you how it started. |
事情是这样开始的: |
| I took a picture of a cigarette using Instagram . |
我用 Instagram 拍了张香烟的照片, |
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Instagram:照片分享(一款运行在iPhone平台上的应用程序);
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| Then I took another photo ... |
再拍另一张照片…… |
| and another photo ... |
再一张…… |
| and another photo. |
又一张。 |
| And I noticed two things: one, litter became artistic and approachable; and two, at the end of a few days, |
我注意到两件事: 第一,垃圾变得更有艺术感, 也更容易亲近。 第二, 经过几天之后, |
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artistic:adj.艺术的;风雅的;有美感的;
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| I had 50 photos on my phone and I had picked up each piece, and I realized that I was keeping a record of the positive impact I was having on the planet. |
我总共拍了 50 张照片, 每张照片都是我所捡的垃圾, 我发现我正在纪录着 我对于地球的正面影响。 |
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positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
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| That's 50 less things that you might see, or you might step on, or some bird might eat. |
减少的这 50 件垃圾, 可能是你会看到的、你可能踩到的、 甚至是某些鸟类可能误食的。 |
| So I started telling people what I was doing, and they started participating . |
因此我开始向大家说明 我正在做的事, 而大家也跟着参与。 |
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participating:v.参加;参与(participate的现在分词)
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| One day, this photo showed up from China. |
有一天, 在中国出现了这张照片。 |
| And that's when I realized that Litterati was more than just pretty pictures; we were becoming a community that was collecting data. |
当时我意识到, Litterati 不是只有漂亮的照片而已, 我们渐渐形成一个 收集资料的社群。 |
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community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
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| Each photo tells a story. |
每张照片背后都有一个故事, |
| It tells us who picked up what, a geotag tells us where and a time stamp tells us when. |
包括谁捡了什么垃圾、 在哪里捡的、 以及什么时候捡的。 |
| So I built a Google map, and started plotting the points where pieces were being picked up. |
因此我做了一张 Google 地图, 开始标示出垃圾被檢起的地点。 |
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Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎; plotting:v.密谋;暗中策划;(在地图上)标出;绘制(图表);(plot的现在分词)
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| And through that process ,the community grew and the data grew. |
随着这个过程,社群逐渐扩大了,资料也增加了。 |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
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| My two kids go to school right in that bullseye . |
地图中间的区域,就是我家小孩就读的学校。 |
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bullseye:n.靶眼;圆心;牛眼灯;
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| Litter: it's blending into the background of our lives. |
垃圾: 正悄悄与我们共存。 |
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blending:v.使混合;掺和;混合;融合;(使)调和,协调(blend的现在分词)
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| But what if we brought it to the forefront ? |
但如果我们将它放大檢视？ |
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what if:如果…怎么办? forefront:n.最前线,最前部;活动的中心;
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| What if we understood exactly what was on our streets,our sidewalks and our school yards? |
如果我们能注意到街道上、 人行道上和校园里有什么垃圾, 将会变得如何？ |
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sidewalks:n.人行道;
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| How might we use that data to make a difference ? |
我们要如何利用数据改变现况？ |
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make a difference:有影响,有关系;
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| Well, let me show you. |
好,让我来告诉你们。 |
| The first is with cities. |
首先,将数据与城市结合。 |
| San Francisco wanted to understand what percentage of litter was cigarettes. |
旧金山想知道垃圾之中 有多少比例是烟蒂。 |
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percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成;
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| Why? |
为什么？ |
| To create a tax. |
为了增加一种税收。 |
| So they put a couple of people in the streets with pencils and clipboards , who walked around collecting information which led to a 20-cent tax on all cigarette sales. |
他们请人到街道上, 带着笔与写字板, 到处收集资料, 并决定贩售香烟时,每包收 20 美分的税。 |
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clipboards:剪贴板;带夹子的写字板;
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| And then they got sued by big tobacco, who claimed that collecting information with pencils and clipboards is neither precise nor provable . |
然后他们被大型烟草業者控告, 業者主张,用纸笔收集资料的方式, 既不准确也不可靠。 |
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sued:v.控告;提起诉讼;提出请求;(sue的过去分词和过去式) claimed:v.宣称;声称;断言;索取;认领;索要(claim的过去分词和过去式) precise:adj.准确的;确切的;精确的;明确的; provable:adj.可证明的;可以查清的;
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| The city called me and asked if our technology could help. |
市政府找上我, 希望我们的技术能提供协助。 |
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technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| I'm not sure they realized that our technology was my Instagram account — |
我不确定他们是否知道: 我们的技术就是 我的 Instagram 帐号。 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| But I said, "Yes, we can." |
但我说:「是的,当然可以！」 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| '"And we can tell you if that's a Parliament or a Pall Mall. |
「我们还能分辨香烟的牌子 是百乐门或是宝马。 |
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Parliament:n.议会,国会; Pall:n.浓密的云烟;尘烟;棺材罩布;v.失去魅力,使人厌倦;
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| Plus, every photograph is geotagged and time-stamped , providing you with proof ." |
而且,每张照片 还能标示位置及时间, 提供给你们作为证据。」 |
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geotagged:地理标签;地理位置;地理标记的照片; time-stamped:时戳; proof:n.证据;证实;adj.能抵御;可防护;
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| Four days and 5,000 pieces later, our data was used in court to not only defend but double the tax, generating an annual recurring revenue of four million dollars for San Francisco to clean itself up. |
经过 4 天,捡了 5,000 件垃圾之后, 我们的资料在开庭时被采纳, 不仅捍卫了我方的主张, 还让税收增加一倍, 产生每年四百万美金的经常性收入, 而且旧金山街道也变得更干净了。 |
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generating:v.产生;引起;(generate的现在分词) annual:n.年报;年鉴;年刊;adj.每年的;年度的;一年的; recurring:v.再发生;反复出现;(recur的现在分词) revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署;
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| Now, during that process |
从这个过程中,我学到两件事: |
| I learned two things: one, Instagram is not the right tool — |
第一,Instagram 并不是适当的工具── |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| so we built an app. |
因此,我们研发了专属的应用程式。 |
| And two, if you think about it, every city in the world has a unique litter fingerprint , and that fingerprint provides both the source of the problem and the path t o the solution. |
第二,如果你试着想一想, 在世界上每座城市, 都有独特的垃圾指纹, 而这些指纹不仅可以 提供问题的根源, 还能告诉你解决的方法。 |
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unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物; fingerprint:n.指纹;手印;vt.采指纹;
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| If you could generate a revenue stream just by understanding the percentage of cigarettes, well, what about coffee cups or soda cans or plastic bottles? |
如果能藉由瞭解烟蒂的比例 来增加收益来源, 那如果用在咖啡纸杯、 汽水罐, 或是塑胶瓶呢？ |
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generate:v.产生;引起; soda:n.苏打;纯碱;苏打汽水(加果味,有时加入冰淇淋);无水碳酸钠;
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| If you could fingerprint San Francisco, well, how about Oakland or Amsterdam or somewhere much closer to home? |
如果能找出旧金山的垃圾指纹, 那奥克兰呢？ 阿姆斯特丹？ 或是某个离家更近的地方？ |
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Amsterdam:n.阿姆斯特丹(荷兰首都);阿姆斯特丹(美国纽约东部城市);
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| And what about brands ? |
另外如果用在品牌上呢？ |
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brands:n.品牌;烙印(brand的复数);v.加商标于;铭刻于(brand的第三人称单数);
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| How might they use this data to align their environmental and economic interests? |
要如何利用数据, 使环保和经济的效益达到一致？ |
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align:vt.使结盟;使成一行;匹配;vi.排列;排成一行; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的;
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| There's a block in downtown Oakland that's covered in blight . |
在奥克兰市区,有一个荒废的区域, |
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downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的; blight:n.枯萎病;荒芜;vt.破坏;使…枯萎;vi.枯萎;
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| The Litterati community got together and picked up 1,500 pieces. |
Litterati 社群在那里捡了 1,500 件垃圾, |
| And here's what we learned: most of that litter came from a very well-known taco brand. |
我们从当中得知一件事: 大部分的垃圾来自于 某间知名的墨西哥餐厅。 |
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well-known:adj.著名的;众所周知的;清楚明白的; taco:n.墨西哥煎玉米卷;墨西哥人;
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| Most of that brand's litter were their own hot sauce packets, and most of those hot sauce packets hadn't even been opened. |
其中大部分的垃圾 是餐厅的辣椒酱包, 而且这些辣椒酱包 几乎都没被打开过。 |
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sauce:n.酱;调味汁;讨厌的话(或举动);v.给…加滋味;(俚)对…说冒昧话;
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| The problem and the path to the solution — well, maybe that brand only gives out hot sauce upon request or installs bulk dispensers or comes up with more sustainable packaging. |
所以这个问题的解决方法是── 也许餐厅可以在 客人要求时才给酱包, 或是安装自助式酱料机, 或是研发更环保的包装方式。 |
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installs:安装;安置; bulk:n.大部分;主体;(大)体积;大(量);v.扩展;增大;堆积起来;形成大块; dispensers:n.药剂师;配药员;药剂分配器(dispenser的复数); sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
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| How does a brand take an environmental hazard , turn it into an economic engine and become an industry hero? |
業者要如何将环境危害, 转变成经济上的驱动力, 并成为产業的领导品牌？ |
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hazard:n.危害;危险;v.试着提出;大胆猜测;冒…的风险;使处于危险中;
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| If you really want to create change, there's no better place to start than with our kids. |
如果你真的想要改变, 最好的方法就是从孩子开始。 |
| A group of fifth graders picked up 1,247 pieces of litter just on their school yard. |
有一群国小五年级学生 在校园里捡了 1,247 件垃圾。 |
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graders:分级机;分类机;…年级学生;[建]平地机(grader的复数);
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| And they learned that the most common type of litter were the plastic straw wrappers from their own cafeteria. |
他们发现最常见的垃圾, 是来自学校餐厅的吸管塑胶外套。 |
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straw:n.稻草; adj.稻草的; wrappers:n.封装器;面皮(wrapper的复数形式);
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| So these kids went to their principal and asked, "Why are we still buying straws ?" |
于是这群孩子们去问校长: 「为什么我们还要采购吸管呢？」 |
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principal:adj.主要的;资本的;n.首长;校长;资本;当事人; straws:n.[作物]稻草;吸管(straw的复数形式);
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| And they stopped. |
然后他们停止提供吸管了。 |
| And they learned that individually they could each make a difference, but together they created an impact. |
他们学习到,靠个人的力量固然能带来一些改变, 但是当一群人聚集起来,才能产生影响。 |
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individually:adv.个别地,单独地;
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| It doesn't matter if you're a student or a scientist, whether you live in Honolulu or Hanoi , this is a community for everyone. |
无论你是学生还是科学家, 住在夏威夷的檀香山,还是越南的河内市, Litterati 社群是属于每个人的。 |
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Honolulu:n.火奴鲁鲁(即"檀香山",美国夏威夷州的首府和港市); Hanoi:n.河内(越南首都);
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| It started because of two little kids in the Northern California woods, and today it's spread across the world. |
它起源于两个小毛头 在北加州森林的发现, 到了今天,范围已遍布全球各地。 |
| And you know how we're getting there? |
我们是如何办到的？ |
| One piece at a time. |
只要随手捡起垃圾。 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |