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JarrellDaniels_2019S-_檢察官和在监者能向彼此学习什么？_-
When I look in the mirror today, 今天,对着镜子,
I see a justice and education scholar at Columbia University, a youth mentor , an activist and a future New York state senator . 我看见一位哥伦比亚大学的 司法及教育学者、 一位青年导师、一位社会运动者, 以及一位未来的纽约州参议员。
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判; scholar:n.学者;奖学金获得者;聪颖勤奋的学生; mentor:n.指导者,良师益友;vt.指导; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子; senator:n.参议员;
(Cheering) （欢呼）
I see all of that and a man who spent a quarter of his life in state prison -- six years, to be exact, starting as a teenager on Rikers Island for an act that nearly cost a man his life. 我能看到我的现在和未来, 也明白我的过去,是一位四分之一的 人生都在州立监狱中渡过的男子—— 明确来说,有六年时间。 事情的开端是 里克斯岛的一名青少年 差点犯了一项害死人命的罪刑。
But what got me from there to here wasn't the punishment I faced as a teenager in adult prison or the harshness of our legal system. 但,把我从那里带到这里的, 并不是我青少年时期 在成人监狱中所面对的惩罚, 也不是我们司法制度的严厉。
punishment:n.惩罚;严厉对待,虐待; harshness:n.严肃;刺耳;粗糙的事物; legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的;
Instead, it was a learning environment of a classroom that introduced me to something I didn't think was possible for me or our justice system as a whole . 反而是一间教室中的学习环境, 在其中,我接触到了我认为在我身上 或整体司法制度中不可能发生的事。
as a whole:总的来说;
A few weeks before my release on parole , a counselor encouraged me to enroll in a new college course being offered in the prison. 在我假释出狱的前几周, 心理辅导师鼓励我报名参加在监狱中 提供的一门新的大学课程。
release:v.释放;发射;让与;允许发表;n.释放;发布;让与; parole:n.语言;誓言,诺言;释放宣言;v.有条件释放,假释;使假释出狱; counselor:n.顾问;法律顾问;参事(等于counsellor); enroll:vt.登记;使加入;把...记入名册;使入伍;vi.参加;登记;注册;记入名册;
It was called Inside Criminal Justice. 它叫做「刑事司法的内幕」。
That seems pretty straightforward , though, right? 听起来很直接,对吧？
straightforward:adj.简单的;坦率的;明确的;径直的;adv.直截了当地;坦率地;
Well, it turns out, the class would be made up of eight incarcerated men and eight assistant district attorneys . 结果发现, 这班的成员包括八名在监的男子, 以及八名助理地方檢察官。
made up of:由…组成,由…构成; incarcerated:v.监禁;关押;禁闭;(incarcerate的过去式和过去分词) attorneys:n.辩护师,律师(attorney的复数形式);
Columbia University psychology professor Geraldine Downey and Manhattan Assistant DA Lucy Lang co-taught the course, and it was the first of its kind. 哥伦比亚大学的 心理学教授洁若丁·道尼 以及曼哈顿助理檢察官 露西·连恩共同教授这门课, 它是这类课程的始祖。
psychology:n.心理学;心理状态;
I can honestly say this wasn't how I imagined starting college. 我老实说, 我完全没有想像到 我会这样开始大学生涯。
My mind was blown from day one. 打从第一天开始我就感到惊奇,
I assumed all the prosecutors in the room would be white. 我以为房间中的所有 檢察官都会是白人。
assumed:adj.假定的;假设的;v.假定;假设;认为;承担;(assume的过去分词和过去式) prosecutors:n.检查官;告发者(prosecutor的复数);
But I remember walking into the room on the first day of class and seeing three black prosecutors and thinking to myself, "Wow, being a black prosecutor -- that's a thing!" 但,我记得,在开课的 第一天我走进房间, 看见三名檢察官是黑人, 我心想: 「哇,黑人当檢察官—— 有这种事！」
(Laughter) （笑声）
By the end of the first session , 在第一堂课的尾声,
session:n.会议;(法庭的)开庭;(议会等的)开会;学期;讲习会;
I was all in. 我已全部投入。
In fact, a few weeks after my release, 事实上,在我获释后几周,
I found myself doing something I prayed I wouldn't. 我竟然做了一件过去我曾祈祷 不会再犯的事情。
I walked right back into prison. 我又走回监狱了。
But thankfully , this time it was just as a student, to join my fellow classmates. 但,谢天谢地, 这次我的身分只是学生, 我是去加入我的同学们。
thankfully:adv.感谢地;感激地;
And this time, 这次,
I got to go home when class was over. 在下课后我可以回家去。
In the next session, we talked about what had brought each of us to this point of our lives and into the classroom together. 在下一堂课,我们每个人谈到 自己怎么走到生命中的这个时点, 并一起走进这间教室。 并一起走进这间教室。
I eventually got comfortable enough to reveal my truth to everyone in the room about where I came from. 我最后相当安心, 因为我能敞开心胸地 向房间中的所有人揭露出 关于我来自何方的真相。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; reveal:v.显示;透露;揭露;泄露;n.揭露;暴露;门侧,窗侧;
I talked about how my sisters and I watched our mother suffer years of abuse at the hands of our stepfather , escaping, only to find ourselves living in a shelter. 我谈论到我和我的姐妹 是如何看着我们的母亲 多年来在继父手中受虐, 逃开了,发现我们只能住进收容所。
abuse:n.滥用;虐待;辱骂;弊端;恶习,陋习;v.滥用;虐待;辱骂; stepfather:n.继父;
I talked about how I swore an oath to my family to keep them safe. 我谈到我对家人发誓, 要确保他们的安全。
oath:n.誓言,誓约;诅咒,咒骂;
I even explained how I didn't feel like a teenager at 13, but more like a soldier on a mission . 我甚至解释了我不觉得 自己是个十三岁的青少年, 我比较像是出任务的士兵。
soldier on:继续服役;坚持着干;迎着困难干; mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
And like any soldier, this meant carrying an emotional burden on my shoulders, and I hate to say it, but a gun on my waist . 和所有的士兵一样, 我肩上背负着情绪重担, 以及,我很不想说的, 我不该像士兵一样在腰间插一把枪。
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; burden:n.负担;责任;船的载货量;v.使负担;烦扰;装货于; waist:n.腰;腰部;(衣服的)腰部;有…腰身的;
And just a few days after my 17th birthday, that mission completely failed. 在我十七岁生日后几天, 那个任务完全失败了。
As my sister and I were walking to the laundromat , a crowd stopped in front of us. 当我和我妹妹一起 走去自助洗衣店时, 一群人在我们面前停下来。
laundromat:n.(美)自助洗衣店;
Two girls out of nowhere attacked my sister. 不知哪里冒出来的 两个女孩攻击了我妹妹。
nowhere:v.无处; n.无处; adj.不存在的;
Still confused about what was happening, I tried to pull one girl away, and just as I did, I felt something brush across my face. 我一边困惑到底怎么回事, 一边试图把一个女孩拉开, 当我这么做时,我感到 有什么东西扫过我的脸。
confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式)
With my adrenaline rushing, 我的肾上腺素飙高,
adrenaline:n.[生化]肾上腺素;
I didn't realize a man had leaped out of the crowd and cut me. 我没有意会到那群人中 有一名男子跳出来并割伤了我。
leaped:v.跳跃;急速移动;剧增;突然移动;
As I felt warm blood ooze down my face, and watching him raise his knife toward me again, 就在我感觉到热热的血液 从我脸上流下时, 看着他再次举刀朝我砍来时,
ooze:vt.渗出;泄漏;vi.渗出;泄漏;n.[地质]软泥;
I turned to defend myself and pulled that gun from my waistband and squeezed the trigger . 我开始自我防御, 把枪从腰带上拔出来, 扣下了扳机。
waistband:n.束腰带,腰带; squeezed:v.挤压;捏;榨出,挤出,拧出;挤入;(squeeze的过去分词和过去式) trigger:n.触发器; v.触发;
Thankfully, he didn't lose his life that day. 谢天谢地,那天他没有丢掉性命。
My hands shaking and heart racing, I was paralyzed in fear. 我的双手发抖,心跳加速, 恐惧让我瘫痪了。
paralyzed:adj.瘫痪的;麻痹的;v.使麻痹;使无力;使失去勇气(paralyze的过去分词);
From that moment, 从那一刻开始,
I felt regret that would never leave me. 我就感到了永远挥之不去的后悔。
I learned later on they attacked my sister in a case of mistaken identity , thinking she was someone else. 我后来才知道,他们攻击 我妹妹是因为认错人了, 他们以为她是另一个人。
mistaken identity:n.认错人;
It was terrifying , but clear that I wasn't trained, nor was I qualified , to be the soldier that I thought I needed to be. 当时十分吓人, 但,很显然,我没有受过训练, 也不够格成为我认为 我所必须要扮演的士兵角色。
terrifying:adj.令人恐惧的;骇人的;极大的;v.使害怕,使恐怖;(terrify的现在分词) qualified:adj.有资格的; v.合格; (qualify的过去分词和过去式)
But in my neighborhood , 但,在我住的地区,
neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的;
I only felt safe carrying a weapon. 只有带着武器才能让我感到安全。
Now, back in the classroom, after hearing my story, the prosecutors could tell I never wanted to hurt anyone. 回到教室里, 在听完我的故事之后, 檢察官可以分辨得出来, 我从来没有想要伤害任何人。
I just wanted us to make it home. 我只希望我们能平安回到家。
I could literally see the gradual change in each of their faces as they heard story after story from the other incarcerated men in the room. 我真的可以看到他们 脸上的神情渐渐在改变, 随着他们听了房间中 其他在监者所讲的故事 而渐渐在改变。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: gradual:adj.逐渐的;平缓的;n.弥撒升阶圣歌集;
Stories that have trapped many of us within the vicious cycle of incarceration , that most haven't been able to break free of. 这些故事让我们许多人被困在 监禁的恶性循环当中, 大部分人都无法脱身。
trapped:adj.受困的;受限制的;v.使落入险境;使陷入困境;(trap的过去分词和过去式) vicious:adj.恶毒的;恶意的;堕落的;有错误的;品性不端的;剧烈的; incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭;
And sure -- there are people who commit terrible crimes. 当然,有人犯下很可怕的罪行。
commit:v.犯(罪等);干(坏事等);[法]提(审);判处;
But the stories of these individuals' lives before they commit those acts were the kinds of stories these prosecutors had never heard. 但这些人在做出 那些行为之前的生活, 是那些檢察官从来没有听过的故事。
And when it was their turn to speak -- the prosecutors -- 轮到檢察官说话时,
I was surprised, too. 我也同样惊讶。
They weren't emotionless drones or robocops, preprogrammed to send people to prison. 他们并非是没有情绪的 机器人或机器战警, 也不是预设立场 就是要把人送进大牢。
emotionless:adj.没有情感的;不露情感的; drones:v.嗡嗡叫;嗡嗡响;(drone的第三人称单数) preprogrammed:adj.预编的;预排程序的;
They were sons and daughters, brothers and sisters. 他们也是别人的儿子和女儿, 别人的兄弟姐妹。
But most of all, they were good students. 但,最重要的,他们都是好学生。
They were ambitious and motivated . 他们有野心,有动力。
ambitious:adj.野心勃勃的;有雄心的;热望的;炫耀的; motivated:adj.有动机的; v.使产生动机;
And they believed that they could use the power of law to protect people. 他们相信他们可以 用法律的力量来保护人民。
They were on a mission that I could definitely understand. 我绝对可以了解他们所投身的使命。
definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地;
Midway through the course, Nick, a fellow incarcerated student, poured out his concern that the prosecutors were tiptoeing around the racial bias and discrimination within our criminal justice system. 课程到一半的时候, 他担心檢察官是在司法体制中 他担心檢察官是在司法体制中 踮着脚走在种族偏见和歧视上。
Midway:n.中途;娱乐场;adj.中途的;adv.中途; poured:v.使(液体)连续流出;倾倒;倒出;喷发;(pour的过去分词和过去式) concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; tiptoeing:v.踮着脚走;蹑手蹑脚地走;(tiptoe的现在分词) racial:adj.种族的;人种的; bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的; discrimination:n.歧视;区别,辨别;识别力;
Now, if you've ever been to prison, you would know it's impossible to talk about justice reform without talking about race. 如果你曾经到过监狱, 你就会知道,在那里, 若要谈论司法改革, 就一定会谈到种族。
reform:v.改革;改进;改良;(使)悔改;n.改革;改良;改善;
So we silently cheered for Nick and were eager to hear the prosecutors' response . 所以,我们无声地为尼克欢呼, 且很渴望听听檢察官会怎么回应。
response:n.响应;反应;回答;
And no, I don't remember who spoke first, but when Chauncey Parker, a senior prosecutor, agreed with Nick and said he was committed to ending the mass incarceration of people of color, 不,我不记得谁先开口, 但当资深檢察官强西?帕克认同尼克 并说他承诺要终止 有色人种的大规模监禁时,
senior:adj.大;级别(或地位)高的;成人的;高级水平的;n.上级;上司;较…年长的人; committed:adj.坚信的; v.做出错事; (commit的过去分词和过去式) mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集;
I believed him. 我相信他。
And I knew we were headed in the right direction. 我知道我们在朝着正确的方向前进。
We now started to move as a team. 我们现在是一个团队,一起前进。
We started exploring new possibilities and uncovering truths about our justice system and how real change happens for us. 我们开始探索新的可能性, 揭露出我们司法体制中的真相, 以及思考我们要如何真正做出改变。
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词) uncovering:adj.露出的; v.发现(uncover的现在分词); n.露出;
For me, it wasn't the mandatory programs inside of the prison. 对我来说,这不只是 在监狱中的强制参加的计画,
mandatory:adj.强制的;托管的;命令的;n.受托者(等于mandatary);
Instead, it was listening to the advice of elders -- men who have been sentenced to spend the rest of their lives in prison. 而是在倾听前辈的忠告—— 这些前辈是被判终身监禁的人。
These men helped me reframe my mindset around manhood . 这些人让我改变了 对于男子气概的态度。
reframe:v.再构造,再组织;重新制订;给…装上新框架; mindset:n.心态;倾向;习惯;精神状态; manhood:n.成年;男子;男子气概;
And they instilled in me all of their aspirations and goals, in the hopes that I would never return to prison, and that I would serve as their ambassador to the free world. 他们慢慢向我说明 他们的希望和目标, 希望我永远不会再回到监狱, 而我,会扮演他们 在自由世界的大使,
instilled:v.逐渐灌输,逐步培养(感受、思想或行为);(instill的过去式和过去分词) aspirations:n.愿望; ambassador:n.大使;代表;使节;
As I talked, I could see the lights turning on for one prosecutor, who said something I thought was obvious : that I had transformed despite my incarceration and not because of it. 当我说话时,我看见了一位 檢察官的光明面, 我认为他已经明白地说明: 我会转变虽然是因为我被关过, 但不是主要原因。
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的; transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式) despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱;
It was clear these prosecutors hadn't thought much about what happens to us after they win a conviction . 很显然,这些檢察官并没有考虑到 他们赢得判决后, 我们会发生什么事。
conviction:n.判罪;定罪;坚定的看法(或信念);坚信;肯定;
But through the simple process of sitting in a classroom, these lawyers started to see that keeping us locked up didn't benefit our community or us. 但透过坐在教室里的这个简单过程, 这些律师开始了解,将我们一直关起来 对我们的社区或我们都没有益处。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
Toward the end of the course, the prosecutors were excited, as we talked about our plans for life after being released . 在课程尾声,檢查官们很兴奋地 跟我们谈论我们 被释放之后的人生计画。
released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式)
But they hadn't realized how rough it was actually going to be. 但他们并不知道, 出狱之后其实会有多艰苦。
I can literally still see the shock on one of the junior ADA's face when it hit her: the temporary ID given to us with our freedom displayed that we were just released from prison. 我还记得其中一位助理地方檢察官 当时脸上的惊讶表情: 我们获得自由时 所拿到的临时身分证件 显示出我们刚从监狱获释。
junior:n.青少年;职位较低者;adj.青少年的;地位低下的; temporary:adj.暂时的,临时的;n.临时工,临时雇员; displayed:v.陈列;展出;展示;显露(display的过去分词和过去式)
She hadn't imagined how many barriers this would create for us as we reenter society. 她没办法想像在我们 重新回到社会中时, 那会给我们带来多少障碍。
barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式); reenter:v.重返;重新存入;[律]收回(贷出物);再进入;
But I could also see her genuine empathy for the choice we had to make between coming home to a bed in a shelter or a couch in a relative's overcrowded apartment. 但我也能看出她真的很同情 我们必须做出的选择, 是要去睡在收容所的床, 还是挤在亲戚家的沙发上。
genuine:adj.真实的,真正的;诚恳的; empathy:n.神入;移情作用;执着; couch:n.睡椅,长沙发;床;卧榻;v.蹲伏,埋伏;躺着; overcrowded:adj.过度拥挤的;v.拥挤(overcrowd的过去分词);
What we learned in the class worked its way into concrete policy recommendations . 我们在那堂课上所学到的, 最后变成了实在的政策建议。
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; recommendations:n.推荐;推荐信;推荐规范(recommendation的复数形式);
We presented our proposals to the state Department of Corrections commissioner and to the Manhattan DA, at our graduation in a packed Columbia auditorium . 我们将我们的提案 上呈给州矫正司的长官 以及曼哈顿的地方檢察官, 且是在挤满人的毕業会堂中上呈。
proposals:n.建议书(Proposal的复数);求婚; state Department:n.(美国)国务院; commissioner:n.理事;委员;行政长官;总裁; auditorium:n.礼堂,会堂;观众席;
As a team, 身为一个团队,
I couldn't have imagined a more memorable way to conclude our eight weeks together. 我无法想像还有什么更难忘的方式 可以一起为我们的这八周画下句点。
memorable:adj.显著的,难忘的;值得纪念的; conclude:v.断定:得出结论:终止:达成:缔结(协定)
And just 10 months after coming home from prison, 从监狱回到家大约十个月后,
I again found myself in a strange room, invited by the commissioner of NYPD to share my perspective at a policing summit . 我再次发现自己身处在 一间奇怪的房间中, 这次是受到纽约市警局的局长邀请, 去治安高峰会分享我的观点。
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; summit:n.峰会;山顶;顶点;最高点;
And while speaking, 演说时,
I recognized a familiar face in the audience. 我在观众中看到了一张熟悉的面孔。
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友;
It was the attorney who prosecuted my case. 是起诉我的案件的律师。
prosecuted:v.起诉;控告;检举;(prosecute的过去式和过去分词)
Seeing him, 看到他,
I thought about our days in the courtroom seven years earlier, as I listened to him recommend a long prison sentence, as if my young life was meaningless and had no potential . 我想起了我们在法庭中的日子, 七年前, 我听着他建议让我坐很久的牢, 就好像我的年轻生命毫无意义、 毫无潜力。
courtroom:n.法庭;审判室; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
But this time, the circumstances were different. 但,这次, 情况不同了。
circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数)
I shook off my thoughts and walked over to shake his hand. 我摆脱掉我的想法, 走过去和他握手。
He looked happy to see me. 他看起来很高兴见到我。
Surprised, but happy. 很惊讶,但仍是高兴的。
He acknowledged how proud he was about being in that room with me, and we began a conversation about working together to improve the conditions of our community. 他承认他有多骄傲能够 和我一同在那间房间中, 我们开始谈到一起合作 来改善我们社区的状况。
improve:v.改进;改善;
And so today, 所以,现今,
I carry all of these experiences with me, as I develop the Justice Ambassadors Youth Council at Columbia University, bringing young New Yorkers -- some who have already spent time locked up 我带着所有这些经历, 在哥伦比亚大学发展 「司法大使青年会」, 将年轻的纽约人—— 有些人已经被关过一段时间,
Ambassadors:n.大使(ambassador的复数形式); Council:n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会;市政(或地方管理)服务机构;
and others who are still enrolled in high school -- together with city officials. 其他的还在就读高中—— 和市官员结合。
enrolled:v.(使)加入;注册;登记;(enroll的过去分词和过去式)
And in this classroom, everyone will brainstorm ideas about improving the lives of our city's most vulnerable youth before they get tried within the criminal justice system. 在这间教室中, 大家一起脑力激荡, 思考如何为我们城市中 最脆弱的青年改善生活, 在他们被司法体制 审判之前采取行动。
brainstorm:n.集思广益;头脑风暴;灵机一动;v.集体讨论;集思广益以寻找; improving:v.改进;改善;(improve的现在分词) vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
This is possible if we do the work. 如果我们去做,这是有可能的。
Our society and justice system has convinced us that we can lock up our problems and punish our way out of social challenges. 我们的社会和司法体制 一直在说服我们, 可以把我们的问题关起来, 用惩罚来摆脱社会挑战。
convinced:adj.坚信; v.使确信; (convince的过去分词和过去式)
But that's not real. 但,实情并非如此。
Imagine with me for a second a future where no one can become a prosecutor, a judge, a cop or even a parole officer without first sitting in a classroom to learn from and connect with the very people whose lives will be in their hands. 和我一起想像一下, 在未来,任何人若想要当 檢察官、 法官、 警察, 或甚至假释官, 就必须要先坐在教室中, 了解和连结那些 命运将会被交到他们手上的人。
cop:v.遭受;忍受;注意到;n.警察;
I'm doing my part to promote the power of conversations and the need for collaborations . 我这边能做的是提倡对谈的力量 以及合作的必要性。
promote:v.促进;推动;促销;提升;晋升; collaborations:n.协作(collaboration的复数);
It is through education that we will arrive at a truth that is inclusive and unites us all in the pursuit of justice. 必须要透过教育, 我们才会达到包容的真相,这真相能将我们所有人 在追求正义的过程中团结起来。
inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; unites:联合;合并; in the pursuit of:追求;为了追求;
For me, it was a brand-new conversation and a new kind of classroom that showed me how both my mindset and our criminal justice system could be transformed. 对我来说,这是全新的对谈, 新式的教室, 它可以向我展现,我心中的想法 以及刑事司法体制将会如何转变。
brand-new:adj.崭新的;最近获得的;
They say the truth shall set you free. 大家都说,真相会解放你。
But I believe it's education and communication. 但我相信, 能解放你的,是教育和沟通。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）