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HeatherBarnett_2014S-_人类可以从半智能的黏菌群学到什么_
I'd like to introduce you to an organism : a slime mold , Physarum polycephalum. 今天我想向大家介绍一种生物体: （slime mould）黏液霉菌,一种多头绒泡菌。
organism:n.生物;有机体;有机组织;(尤指)微生物; slime:n.黏液;烂泥;vt.涂泥;vi.变粘滑; mold:n.模具;模型;霉菌;类型;v.用可塑材料塑成;浇铸;发霉;
It's a mold with an identity crisis , because it's not a mold, so let's get that straight to start with. 是否把它命名为一种霉菌尚存争议,因为事实上它不是霉菌。 在进入正题前我们需要知道这一点。
identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
It is one of 700 known slime molds belonging to the kingdom of the amoeba . 在已知的七百种黏液霉菌中, 它属于阿米巴变形虫的国度。
molds:n.[机]模具;霉菌;鞋模(mold的复数); amoeba:n.阿米巴;变形虫(单细胞生物);
It is a single-celled organism, a cell, that joins together with other cells to form a mass super-cell to maximize its resources . 它是一种单细胞生物,许多个单一的细胞 相互连接到一起 而组成一团超级细胞, 目的是要做到最大化地利用资源。
mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; maximize:vt.取…最大值;对…极为重视;vi.尽可能广义地解释;达到最大值; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
So within a slime mold you might find thousands or millions of nuclei , all sharing a cell wall, all operating as one entity. 所以在一个（slime mould）黏菌中你能看到几千个 或者几百万个细胞核, 它们共享同一个细胞壁, 作为一个整体
nuclei:n.核心,核子;原子核(nucleus的复数形式);
In its natural habitat , you might find the slime mold foraging in woodlands , eating rotting vegetation , but you might equally find it in research laboratories , classrooms, and even artists' studios . 在它的自然栖息地运作 你会在森林里发现这些黏液霉菌, 它以腐烂的植被为食。 不过黏菌也同样频繁出现在 研究实验室, 课堂,甚至是艺术家的工作室里。
habitat:n.[生态]栖息地,产地; foraging:n.觅食(forage的ing形式);觅食力; woodlands:n.[林]林地(woodland的复数); vegetation:n.植被;植物,草木;呆板单调的生活; laboratories:n.实验室;(laboratory的复数) studios:n.工作室(studio的复数);
I first came across the slime mold about five years ago. 我与黏液霉菌的初次接触是在五年前。
A microbiologist friend of mine gave me a petri dish with a little yellow blob in it and told me to go home and play with it. 我的一个微生物学家朋友 给了我一个有着黄色小斑点的培养皿 说让我带回家玩玩。
microbiologist:n.微生物学家; petri dish:n.培养皿(作细菌培养等用的有盖玻璃碟); blob:n.一滴;一抹;v.弄脏;把…做错;得零分;
The only instructions I was given, that it likes it dark and damp and its favorite food is porridge oats . 我得到的唯一说明是 这个东西它喜欢阴暗潮湿, 最喜欢的食物是燕麦片。
damp:n.潮湿;湿气;湿块;adj.潮湿的;湿气重的;v.弄潮;使潮湿;抑制; porridge:n.麦片粥;面糊 oats:n.燕麦;燕麦片(oat的复数);燕麦粥;
I'm an artist who's worked for many years with biology , with scientific processes , so living material is not uncommon for me. 我是一个艺术家,我做了不少年的 将生物及科学的一些手法融入艺术 所以使用活的素材于我来说不算陌生。
biology:n.(一个地区全部的)生物;生物学; scientific:adj.科学的,系统的; processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式); uncommon:adj.不寻常的;罕有的;adv.非常地;
I've worked with plants, bacteria , cuttlefish , fruit flies. 我用到过植物,细菌, 墨鱼,以及果蝇。
bacteria:n.[微]细菌; cuttlefish:n.[无脊椎]乌贼;墨鱼;
So I was keen to get my new collaborator home to see what it could do. 所以我颇有些急迫想把这个新的小拍档带回家 看看它能做啥。
keen:adj.敏锐的,敏捷的;渴望的;强烈的;热心的;锐利的;n.痛哭,挽歌; collaborator:n.[劳经]合作者;勾结者;通敌者;
So I took it home and I watched. 然后我就把它带回了家开始观察。
I fed it a varied diet. 我试着用各种东西来喂它。
varied:adj.多变的;各式各样的;杂色的;v.改变;使多样化;(vary的过去式和过去分词)
I observed as it networked. 我观察到,随着它的联网形成
observed:adj.观察的;观测的;v.观察;遵守;注意到(observe的过去分词形式);
It formed a connection between food sources. 它在食物资源之间建立了某种联系。
I watched it leave a trail behind it, indicating where it had been. 我看到它在经过处留下了痕迹, 那显示出它曾经到过的区域。
trail:v.(被)拖,拉;疲惫地走,磨蹭;落后,失败;n.痕迹;踪迹;小路;路线; indicating:v.表明;显示;象征;暗示;(indicate的现在分词)
And I noticed that when it was fed up with one petri dish, it would escape and find a better home. 我也注意到每当它厌倦了一个培养皿的时候, 它就会爬出去,去找个更好的家。
fed up with:受够了;极厌恶;对…厌倦;
I captured my observations through time-lapse photography . 我通过延时摄影 拍下了我所观察到的。
captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词) observations:n.观察,观察值;观察结果;(observation的复数形式); time-lapse:adj.延时的;定时的; photography:n.摄影;摄影术;
Slime mold grows at about one centimeter an hour, so it's not really ideal for live viewing unless there's some form of really extreme meditation , but through the time lapse, 黏液霉菌的生长速度大概是每小时一厘米, 所想要看实时变化可不容易,因为这个速度实在是有点慢, 除非观察者能做到某种极度的静心入定。 不过凭借延时拍摄,
extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物; meditation:n.冥想;沉思,深思;
I could observe some really interesting behaviors. 我能够观察到一些非常有趣的行为。
For instance , having fed on a nice pile of oats, the slime mold goes off to explore new territories in different directions simultaneously . 比如,喂给它一小堆燕麦片, 黏液霉菌就迅速开始繁殖, 并同时往不同方向伸展以探索新领域。
instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例; pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置; explore:v.探索:探测:探险: territories:n.地区;领土;边疆区(territory的复数); simultaneously:adv.同时地;
When it meets itself, it knows it's already there, it recognizes it's there, and instead retreats back and grows in other directions. 当它碰到自己另一部分的时候, 它知道同伴已经在那里, 它能识别得到。 于是停止那个方向的继续生长,而是掉头 从另一端生长。
recognizes:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的第三人称单数) retreats:撤退;放弃;离开;休养处;
I was quite impressed by this feat , at how what was essentially just a bag of cellular slime could somehow map its territory , know itself, and move with seeming intention . 黏液霉菌的这个本事很让我叹为观止。 这不过是一袋黏液霉菌细胞, 可它居然有本事开疆扩土, 能够识别自我,而且似乎是带有目的性地在行动。
impressed:adj.印象深刻; v.使钦佩; (impress的过去分词和过去式) feat:n.功绩,壮举;技艺表演;adj.合适的;灵巧的; essentially:adv.本质上;本来; cellular:adj.细胞的;多孔的;由细胞组成的;n.移动电话;单元; somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地; territory:n.领土,领域;范围;地域;版图; intention:n.意图;目的;意向;愈合;
I found countless scientific studies, research papers, journal articles, all citing incredible work with this one organism, and I'm going to share a few of those with you. 我发觉有无数的科学研究, 研究论文啦,期刊文章啦, 都提到用这种微生物所进行过的令人难以置信的研究, 这里我要分享一些给大家。
countless:adj.无数的;数不尽的; journal:n.杂志;日记;日志;(用于报纸名)…报; citing:v.提及(原因);列举;引用;传唤;(cite的现在分词) incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
For example, a team in Hokkaido University in Japan filled a maze with slime mold. 比如,日本北海道大学（Hokkaido University）的一个团队 用黏液霉菌填塞了一个迷宫。
maze:n.迷宫;迷惑;糊涂;vt.迷失;使混乱;使困惑;
It joined together and formed a mass cell. 它们互相融合组成了一个细胞团。
They introduced food at two points, oats of course, and it formed a connection between the food. 研究人员将食物放在两个点上, 当然,食物依旧是燕麦片, 黏液霉菌在两点食物之间 组建起了关联。
It retracted from empty areas and dead ends. 当它遇到空区或是死角的时候会自动缩回。
retracted:adj.可伸缩的;
There are four possible routes through this maze, yet time and time again , the slime mold established the shortest and the most efficient route. 这个迷宫有四个可行通道, 而随着一次次的尝试, 最终黏液霉菌建立了最短 并且最有效率的一条路径。
routes:n.路线;途径;路途;渠道;v.按某路线发送;(route的第三人称单数和复数) time and time again:一次次;一次又一次;多次;不断地; established:adj.已确立的;著名的;v.建立;创立;设立;(establish的过去分词和过去式) efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
Quite clever. 真机灵。
The conclusion from their experiment was that the slime mold had a primitive form of intelligence . 由这个实验所得出的结论是 黏液霉菌有种初始形态的智能。
conclusion:n.结论;结局;推论; primitive:adj.原始的,远古的;简单的,粗糙的;n.原始人; intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报;
Another study exposed cold air at regular intervals to the slime mold. 另一项研究是:按固定的间隔时间,定期将黏液霉菌暴露在冷空气里。
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) intervals:n.间隔;[声]音程(interval的复数);
It didn't like it. It doesn't like it cold. 结果它不喜欢。它怕冷。
It doesn't like it dry. 它不喜欢被吹干。
They did this at repeat intervals, and each time, the slime mold slowed down its growth in response . 研究人员按照之前的间隔时间规律重复做了这个实验, 每一次,黏液霉菌都会 减慢生长速度作为响应。
response:n.响应;反应;回答;
However, at the next interval, the researchers didn't put the cold air on, yet the slime mold slowed down in anticipation of it happening. 然而,在下一个间隔来到时, 研究人员没有开启冷风, 可黏液霉菌仍旧减慢了速度,似乎 是预期此时冷风会来。
in anticipation of:期待,预期;
It somehow knew that it was about the time for the cold air that it didn't like. 不知它怎样办到的,它知道时间到了, 它讨厌的冷空气会来到。
The conclusion from their experiment was that the slime mold was able to learn. 刚讲到的这个实验最后所得到得结论是: 黏液霉菌具有学习能力。
A third experiment: the slime mold was invited to explore a territory covered in oats. 第三个实验: 黏液霉菌被邀请 去探索一片被燕麦片覆盖的区域。
It fans out in a branching pattern. 它以分枝结构扇形展开。
As it goes, each food node it finds, it forms a network, a connection to, and keeps foraging. 每当它在经过的地方发现食物点时, 它就会建立一个网络,一个连接点, 然后继续觅食。
node:n.节点;结点;茎节;(根或枝上的)节;
After 26 hours, it established quite a firm network between the different oats. 经过26个小时,它建立起 一个比较稳定的网络架构 链接各处的燕麦片。
Now there's nothing remarkable in this until you learn that the center oat that it started from represents the city of Tokyo, and the surrounding oats are suburban railway stations. 这看起来没什么了不起的, 但如果你知道作为中心起点的燕麦片 其实是代表了东京市, 而周围的这些燕麦片对应着东京市郊的火车站,你一定会觉得它了不起。
remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的; represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数) suburban:adj.郊区的,城郊的;土气的;见闻不广的;n.郊区居民;
The slime mold had replicated the Tokyo transport network a complex system developed over time by community dwellings , civil engineering , urban planning. 因为黏液霉菌居然复制出了 东京的交通网络。 建立一个复杂的系统需要长时间的努力, 包括社区住宅,土木工程,城市规划。
replicated:重复的; transport:n.运输;输送;运送;运输机;v.输送;传播;使产生身临其境的感觉;(旧时)流放; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; dwellings:n.民居;住处(dwelling的复数); civil engineering:[建]土木工程;
What had taken us well over 100 years took the slime mold just over a day. 人类用超过100年才能完成的事情, 黏液霉菌只不过花了一天多一点就完成了。
The conclusion from their experiment was that the slime mold can form efficient networks and solve the traveling salesman problem. 这项实验得到的结论是 黏液霉菌能够建立起高效路网, 解决那些在路上的业务员们的苦恼问题。
It is a biological computer. 它是部生物计算机。
biological:adj.生物学的;生物的;与生命过程有关的;加酶的;n.[药]生物制品;
As such, it has been mathematically modeled, algorithmically analyzed . 如我们所看到的,由数学模型建立起来 进行的算法分析。
mathematically:adv.算术地,数学上地; algorithmically:[计]在算法上; analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨;
It's been sonified, replicated, simulated . 人们对黏液霉菌的活动进行超声波观测,复制,和模拟。
simulated:adj.假装的; v.假装; (simulate的过去式和过去分词)
World over, teams of researchers are decoding its biological principles to understand its computational rules and applying that learning to the fields of electronics , programming and robotics . 全世界的研究团队们 都在试图解析它的生物学准则, 以理解它的计算运行规则 并将之运用到电子, 编程和机器人领域中。
decoding:v.解码;破译(尤指密码);译解,理解(外文);(decode的现在分词) principles:n.原则;主义;本质;政策;(principle的复数) computational:adj.计算的; applying:v.申请,请求;使用;应用;(apply的现在分词) electronics:n.电子学;电子工业; robotics:n.机器人学;
So the question is, how does this thing work? 所以问题是 这个东西它是怎么工作的？
It doesn't have a central nervous system . 黏液霉菌没有中枢神经系统,
central nervous system:n.中枢神经系统;
It doesn't have a brain, yet it can perform behaviors that we associate with brain function. 没有大脑, 却能完成 我们需要大脑功能的协助才能完成的行动
perform:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好); associate with:v.联合;与…联系在一起;和…来往;
It can learn, it can remember, it can solve problems, it can make decisions. 它能学习,能记忆, 可以解决问题,也可以做决策。
So where does that intelligence lie? 它负责智能的部分藏在哪里呢？
So this is a microscopy , a video I shot, and it's about 100 times magnification , sped up about 20 times, and inside the slime mold, there is a rhythmic pulsing flow, a vein-like structure carrying 这是显微镜下我拍到的一组影像。。。 放大了约100倍, 快进了约20倍。 在黏液霉菌体内, 存在有节奏的脉冲流, 一个脉管状结构把
microscopy:n.显微镜检查;显微镜使用;显微镜学; magnification:n.放大;放大率;放大的复制品; rhythmic:adj.[生物]有节奏的(等于rhythmical); n.韵律论(等于rhythmics); pulsing:adj.脉冲的;n.脉动;v.使跳动;搏动(pulse的ing形式); structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造;
cellular material, nutrients and chemical information through the cell, streaming first in one direction and then back in another. 细胞内含物,营养物质和化学信息 传输到细胞各处, 先朝一个方向流动,然后再向相反方向回流。
nutrients:营养盐;[食品]营养素; chemical:n.化学制品,化学药品;adj.化学的;
And it is this continuous , synchronous oscillation within the cell that allows it to form quite a complex understanding of its environment, but without any large-scale control center. 而正是细胞内的这种连续,同步振荡 让它得以建立起 对所处环境的一个相当复杂的认知理解, 而不依赖任何大规模的控制中心。
continuous:adj.连续的,持续的;继续的;连绵不断的; synchronous:adj.同步的;同时的; oscillation:n.振荡;振动;摆动; large-scale:adj.大规模的,大范围的;大比例尺的;
This is where its intelligence lies. 这就是它的智能所在。
So it's not just academic researchers in universities that are interested in this organism. 并不只有大学里的学术研究者们 对这个生物感兴趣。
academic:adj.学术的;理论的;学院的;n.大学生,大学教师;学者;
A few years ago, I set up SliMoCo, the Slime Mould Collective . 几年前,我设立了一个 SlimoCo项目, ---Slime Mould黏液霉菌团队。
Mould:n.结晶器;霉;模型;霉菌;v.铸;形成;[建筑]用线条(或雕刻)装饰;(使)发霉; Collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词;
It's an online, open, democratic network for slime mold researchers and enthusiasts to share knowledge and experimentation across disciplinary divides and across academic divides. 这是一个在线的,开放的,民主的网络, 给黏液霉菌研究者和爱好者们用以 分享 跨学科范畴 和跨学术领域的知识和实验。
democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的; enthusiasts:热心人;热衷者;狂热者(enthusiast的复数); experimentation:n.实验;试验; disciplinary:adj.规律的;训练的;训诫的;
The Slime Mould Collective membership is self-selecting. 黏液霉菌团队的队员都是自行选择加入的。
membership:n.成员资格;(统称)会员;会员人数;
People have found the collective as the slime mold finds the oats. 来到团队的人们就像 找到燕麦片的黏液霉菌。
And it comprises of scientists and computer scientists and researchers but also artists like me, architects , designers, writers, activists, you name it. 它包括有科学家, 计算机科学家和研究人员, 也有像我这样的艺术家, 建筑师,设计师,作家,社会活动家,什么样的人都有。
comprises:v.包括;包含;由…组成;(comprise的第三人称单数) architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数);
It's a very interesting, eclectic membership. 我们的成员构成不拘一格,非常有趣。
eclectic:adj.折衷的;选择的;折衷学派的;n.折衷派的人;折衷主义者;adj.不拘一格的;
Just a few examples: an artist who paints with fluorescent Physarum; a collaborative team who are combining biological and electronic design with 3D printing technologies in a workshop; another artist who is using the slime mold as a way of engaging a community to map their area. 我举几个例子吧: 有用染了荧光的绒泡菌属作画的艺术家, 有将生物学 与3D打印技术相结合的协作团队, 还有位艺术家用黏液霉菌 绘制社区地图, 作为参与社区的一种方式。
fluorescent:adj.荧光的;萤光的;发亮的;n.荧光;日光灯; collaborative:adj.合作的,协作的; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词)
Here, the slime mold is being used directly as a biological tool, but metaphorically as a symbol for ways of talking about social cohesion , communication and cooperation . 这里,黏液霉菌被直接用作 一种生物学工具,但是也象征性地 成为在 社会凝聚力,沟通 和合作上的一种交流方式的标志。
directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; metaphorically:adv.隐喻地;用比喻; symbol:n.象征;符号;标志; cohesion:n.凝聚;结合;[力]内聚力; cooperation:n.合作;配合;
Other public engagement activities, 至于其他的公众参与活动---
engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度;
I run lots of slime mold workshops , a creative way of engaging with the organism. 我办了很多黏液霉菌研讨会, 用这种创新方式研究这种有机体。
workshops:n.工作坊,[工业]车间;研习会,讲习班(workshop的复数形式); creative:adj.创造性的;
So people are invited to come and learn about what amazing things it can do, and they design their own petri dish experiment, an environment for the slime mold to navigate so they can test its properties. 人们受邀请来到研讨会,了解 它的神奇之能, 他们设计自己的培养皿实验, 安排一个新环境让黏液霉菌去探索 以测试它的各项属性。
navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
Everybody takes home a new pet and is invited to post their results on the Slime Mould Collective. 他们每个人都带了黏菌这个新宠物回家, 我们邀请他们将各自的实验结果 发布在黏菌团队的网页上。
And the collective has enabled me to form collaborations with a whole array of interesting people. 这样一个集体让我能够 和一大票有趣的人们一起 协同工作。
enabled:v.使得;授予…权力;(enabled是enable的过去式) collaborations:n.协作(collaboration的复数); array:n.数组,阵列;排列,列阵;大批,一系列;衣服;v.排列,部署;打扮;
I've been working with filmmakers on a feature-length slime mold documentary, and I stress feature-length, which is in the final stages of edit and will be hitting your cinema screens very soon. 我已经和一些电影工作者合作, 共同制作一个关于黏液霉菌的长篇纪录片, 我要强调是长篇, 现在已经在后期制作过程, 应该很快就能在院线上映了。
filmmakers:n.制片人(filmmaker的复数); feature-length:adj.长篇的;电影达到正片应有的长度的;
(Laughter) （观众笑声）
It's also enabled me to conduct what I think is the world's first human slime mold experiment. 我想这也使得我能进行, 大概是世界第一例人类模拟黏液霉菌的实验。
conduct:v.实施;执行;表现;引导;n.举止;管理方法;经营方式;实施办法;
This is part of an exhibition in Rotterdam last year. 这是去年鹿特丹展览的一部分,
We invited people to become slime mold for half an hour. 我们邀请人们来扮演黏液霉菌大概半小时。
So we essentially tied people together so they were a giant cell, and invited them to follow slime mold rules. 我们就是需要把大家绑在一起, 这样大家就变成了一个巨细胞。 我们也要求大家要遵守黏菌的生存法则,
giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的
You have to communicate through oscillations , no speaking. 只能用震荡来沟通, 不准说话和交谈。
oscillations:n.[力]振动;振幅(oscillation的复数形式);
You have to operate as one entity, one mass cell, no egos , and the motivation for moving and then exploring the environment is in search of food. 必须作为一个整体,作为一个细胞团来行动, 没有自我。 进行移动 并摸索周边环境情况的动机, 就是寻找食物。
egos:n.自我(ego的复数); motivation:n.动机;积极性;推动; exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词)
So a chaotic shuffle ensued as this bunch of strangers tied together with yellow ropes wearing Being Slime Mold t-shirts wandered through the museum park. 随之而来的是一片混乱,一群陌生人 穿着“黏液霉菌”的黄T恤,被黄绳子绑在一起, 在博物馆的园子里游荡。
chaotic:adj.混沌的;混乱的,无秩序的; shuffle:v.洗牌; n.洗牌,洗纸牌; ensued:vi.跟着发生,接着发生;继起;vt.追求; bunch:n.群;串;突出物;vi.隆起;打褶;形成一串;vt.使成一串;使打褶;
When they met trees, they had to reshape their connections and reform as a mass cell through not speaking. 当他们碰到树的时候,就不得不改变队形, 象个团细胞一样 悄然无声的的完成变形。
reshape:vt.改造;再成形; reform:v.改革;改进;改良;(使)悔改;n.改革;改良;改善;
This is a ludicrous experiment in many, many ways. 这是一个非常好笑的实验,从各种方面看都是。
ludicrous:adj.滑稽的;荒唐的;
This isn't hypothesis-driven. 它不是因假说驱动的。
We're not trying to prove, demonstrate anything. 我们做这个实验不是为了要证明或是证实任何事情。
demonstrate:vt.证明;展示;论证;vi.示威;
But what it did provide us was a way of engaging a broad section of the public with ideas of intelligence, agency , autonomy , and provide a playful platform for discussions about the things that ensued. 但是这个实验确实提供给我们了一种途径, 去引发广泛的公众思考: 关于智能,关于机构,关于自治。 它也给我们提供了一个好玩的平台 去进行 后续的讨论。
agency:n.代理,中介;代理处,经销处; autonomy:n.自治,自治权; playful:adj.开玩笑的;幽默的;爱嬉戏的; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
One of the most exciting things about this experiment was the conversation that happened afterwards. 关于这项实验, 其中一个最令人激动的事情是 实验结束之后所发生的讨论。
An entirely spontaneous symposium happened in the park. 人们完全自发地在公园里开始了研讨。
spontaneous:adj.自发的;自然的;无意识的; symposium:n.讨论会,座谈会;专题论文集;酒宴,宴会;
People talked about the human psychology , of how difficult it was to let go of their individual personalities and egos. 大家谈到人类心理学, 发现大家很难 放下各体的自我和个性。
psychology:n.心理学;心理状态; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; personalities:n.性格;个性;人格;气质;名人;(personality的复数)
Other people talked about bacterial communication. 其他的一些人们谈到了细菌的沟通。
bacterial:adj.[微]细菌的;
Each person brought in their own individual interpretation , and our conclusion from this experiment was that the people of Rotterdam were highly cooperative , especially when given beer. 每个人对这次实验 都有他们各自的个性解读。 而我们由这次实验所得到的结论是, 鹿特丹的人们具有高度的合作精神 特别是当供应给他们啤酒的时候。
interpretation:n.解释;翻译;演出; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; cooperative:adj.合作的;协作的;同心协力的;协助的;n.合作企业;合作社组织; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
We didn't just give them oats. 我们不止给了他们燕麦片,
We gave them beer as well. 我们也提供了啤酒。
But they weren't as efficient as the slime mold, and the slime mold, for me, is a fascinating subject matter . 不过他们没能做到象黏液霉菌那样高效率。 黏液霉菌, 于我而言 是种令人着迷的研究物质。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词) subject matter:n.题材;
It's biologically fascinating, it's computationally interesting, but it's also a symbol, a way of engaging with ideas of community, collective behavior, cooperation. 生物属性上它让人着迷, 它的运算特性也让人感兴趣, 但同时它也是一种标识, 关乎社区意见, 集体行为,和协同合作。
biologically:adv.生物学上,生物学地; computationally:adv.computational(adj.计算的;计算机的)的变形;
A lot of my work draws on the scientific research, so this pays homage to the maze experiment but in a different way. 我的很多作品都借鉴了科学研究, 所以这个实验是在以另外一种方式 向之前谈到的迷宫实验的致敬。
homage:n.敬意;尊敬;效忠;
And the slime mold is also my working material. 黏液霉菌也是我的工作素材。
It's a coproducer of photographs, prints, animations , participatory events. 它是摄影,印刷品,动画片, 及互动活动的合伙制作人。
animations:n.[电影]动画片(animation的复数); participatory:adj.供人分享的;吸引参与的;
Whilst the slime mold doesn't choose to work with me, exactly, it is a collaboration of sorts. 黏液霉菌并没有选择 要和我合作,而确切地说, 这是某种合作。
Whilst:conj.同时;时时,有时;当…的时候;
I can predict certain behaviors by understanding how it operates, but I can't control it. 我可以预测到某些行为, 因为我理解了它是怎么操作的, 但是我控制不了它。
predict:v.预报;预言;预告;
The slime mold has the final say in the creative process. 黏液霉菌在创作过程中 有最终的表达。
And after all, it has its own internal aesthetics . 毕竟,它有自己的内在审美观。
internal:n.内脏;本质;adj.内部的;里面的;体内的;(机构)内部的; aesthetics:n.美学;美的哲学;
These branching patterns that we see we see across all forms, scales of nature, from river deltas to lightning strikes, from our own blood vessels to neural networks. 我们看到的分叉图案 我们所看见的所有形态,天然的性状, 从河三角洲到闪电弧, 从我们的血管网络到神经网络。
scales:n.规模范围; v.攀登; (scale的第三人称单数和复数) deltas:n.(河流的)[地理]三角洲(delta的复数形式); lightning:n.闪电;adj.闪电般的;飞快的;突然的 vessels:n.血管(vessel的复数);船舶;容器; neural:adj.神经的;神经系统的;背的;神经中枢的;
There's clearly significant rules at play in this simple yet complex organism, and no matter what our disciplinary perspective or our mode of inquiry , there's a great deal that we can learn from observing and engaging with this beautiful, brainless blob. 这个简单而又复杂的生物 有着非常清楚的规则可循。 不管我们从什么学科角度出发或者是用什么方式研究 我们都受教无穷,我们 从观察和运用 这些漂亮的,没脑子的斑点身上可以学到很多很多。
significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; no matter what:不管什么…; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; inquiry:n.询问;查询;打听;调查; observing:adj.观察的;注意的;观察力敏锐的;v.观察;遵守(observe的现在分词); brainless:adj.无头脑的,愚蠢的;
I give you Physarum polycephalum. 这就是 （Physarum polycephalum）多头绒泡菌。
Thank you. 谢谢大家！
(Applause) （观众掌声）