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HaraldHaas_2015G-_“光带”：无线网络的新突破_
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| I would like to demonstrate for the first time in public that it is possible to transmit a video from a standard off-the-shelf LED lamp to a solar cell with a laptop acting as a receiver. |
我想要第一次向公众证明 视频可以 由一台LED台灯 传送至太阳能电池板上,并由一台手提电脑接收 |
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demonstrate:vt.证明;展示;论证;vi.示威; transmit:v.传送;发射;播送;传播;传染; standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; off-the-shelf:adj.现成的;常备的;成品的;adv.现成地;无需作重大修改地; lamp:n.灯;台灯;(理疗用的)发热灯; solar cell:光电管; laptop:n.便携式电脑;笔记本电脑;
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| There is no Wi-Fi involved , it's just light. |
没有Wi-Fi介入,只是光 |
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Wi-Fi:abbr.无线保真技术(wirelessfidelity);无线上网技术; involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词)
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| And you may wonder, what's the point? |
那么你可能想知道,这样做有什么意义？ |
| And the point is this: |
意义就是: |
| There will be a massive extension of the Internet to close the digital divide, and also to allow for what we call "The Internet of Things" -- tens of billions of devices connected to the Internet. |
将来互联网会大规模覆盖 “数字鸿沟“将不复存在 并且让我们所说的“物联网”变为可能—— 数以亿计的设备连接到互联网 |
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massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; extension:n.延长;延期;扩大;伸展;电话分机; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数);
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| In my view, such an extension of the Internet can only work if it's almost energy-neutral. |
在我看来,互联网的大程度扩张 前提是需要基本保证“能源中性化”（指尽量减少能源消耗） |
| This means we need to use existing infrastructure as much as possible. |
这就是说, 我们需要尽可能的多用现存的基础设施 |
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infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
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| And this is where the solar cell and the LED come in. |
这就是为什么前面提到太阳能电池和LED |
| I demonstrated for the first time, at TED in 2011, |
我之前第一次证明这件事 是2011年在TED演讲 |
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demonstrated:v.证明;证实;论证;说明;表达;(demonstrate的过去分词和过去式)
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| Li-Fi, or Light Fidelity . |
我称它为Li-Fi,即光保真 |
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Fidelity:n.保真度;忠诚;精确;尽责;
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| Li-Fi uses off-the-shelf LEDs to transmit data incredibly fast, and also in a safe and secure manner. |
用现存的LED灯可以极快地传递Li-Fi数据 并且这种方式安全可靠 |
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LEDs:v.领导;通向;指引(lead的过去分词); incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
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| Data is transported by the light, encoded in subtle changes of the brightness . |
数据由光传输 由亮度的细微变化解码 |
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transported:v.(用交通工具)运输,运送,输送;(transport的过去分词和过去式) encoded:adj.[计]编码的;v.把…编码(encode的过去分词); subtle:adj.微妙的;精细的;敏感的;狡猾的;稀薄的; brightness:n.[光][天]亮度;聪明,活泼;鲜艳;愉快;
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| If we look around, we have many LEDs around us, so there's a rich infrastructure of Li-Fi transmitters around us. |
如果我们环视四周,在我们身边有很多的LED灯 因此在我们周围有着非常丰富的Li-Fi发射装置 |
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transmitters:n.信号传送器;传送者(transmitter的复数形式);
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| But so far, we have been using special devices -- small photo detectors , to receive the information encoded in the data. |
但是目前,我们通常使用一个特别的设备——小型照片探测器 来接收由数据解码出来的信息 |
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detectors:n.探测器;侦测设备(detector的复数);
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| I wanted to find a way to also use existing infrastructure to receive data from our Li-Fi lights. |
我想要找到一种方法,利用现有的基础设施 来接收Li-Fi灯发出的数据 |
| And this is why I have been looking into solar cells and solar panels . |
这也是为什么我一直研究太阳能电池和太阳能电板 |
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panels:n.面板(panel的复数); v.嵌镶(panel的第三人称单数形式);
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| A solar cell absorbs light and converts it into electrical energy. |
太阳能电池吸收光并转化成电能 |
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absorbs:v.吸收;吸引…的注意(absorb的第三人称单数形式); converts:vt.使转变; vi.转变,变换; n.皈依者; electrical:adj.有关电的;电气科学的;
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| This is why we can use a solar cell to charge our mobile phone . |
这就是为什么我们能用太阳能电池给我们的手机充电 |
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mobile phone:移动电话
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| But now we need to remember that the data is encoded in subtle changes of the brightness of the LED, so if the incoming light fluctuates , so does the energy harvested from the solar cell. |
但我们知道 数据是由LED亮度的微妙变化来编码的 所以如果入射的光有波动 那么太阳能电池收集的能量也有波动 |
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incoming:n.进来;收入;adj.新当选的;新任的; fluctuates:vi.波动;涨落;动摇;vt.使波动;使动摇;
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| This means we have a principal mechanism in place to receive information from the light and by the solar cell, because the fluctuations of the energy harvested correspond to the data transmitted . |
这就意味着我们具备了一项基本原理: 信息通过光的传导,由太阳能电池板接收 因为收集的能量波动 与传输的数据相对应 |
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principal:adj.主要的;资本的;n.首长;校长;资本;当事人; mechanism:n.机制;原理,途径;进程;机械装置;技巧; fluctuations:n.[物]波动(fluctuation的复数);变动;起伏现象; correspond:vi.符合,一致;相应;通信; transmitted:v.传送;输送;发射;播送;传播;传染;(transmit的过去分词和过去式)
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| Of course the question is: can we receive very fast and subtle changes of the brightness, such as the ones transmitted by our LED lights? |
当然问题就在 我们是否能够收集到非常迅速和微小的亮度变化 比如通过我们的LED灯传递的那种 |
| And the answer to that is yes, we can. |
答案是 是的,我们可以 |
| We have shown in the lab that we can receive up to 50 megabytes per second from a standard, off-the-shelf solar cell. |
我们在实验室已经展示 我们能够接收达到每秒50MB的数据 通过一个标准的,现有的太阳能电池 |
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megabytes:n.百万字节(megabyte的复数);
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| And this is faster than most broadband connections these days. |
这比目前最高速的宽带连接还要快 |
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broadband:n.宽频;宽波段;adj.宽频带的;宽波段的;宽频通讯的;
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| Now let me show you in practice . |
现在让我来实践展示一下 |
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in practice:在实践中;实际上,事实上;
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| In this box is a standard, off-the-shelf LED lamp. |
在这个盒子里,是一个现有的标准LED灯 |
| This is a standard, off-the-shelf solar cell; it is connected to the laptop. |
这是一个现有的标准太阳能电池 它连接到笔记本电脑上 |
| And also we have an instrument here to visualize the energy we harvest from the solar cell. |
这儿我们还有一个测量仪 用来显示我们从太阳能电池收集的能量 |
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instrument:n.仪器;工具;乐器;手段;器械; visualize:vt.形象,形象化;想像,设想;vi.显现;
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| And this instrument shows something at the moment. |
现在这个仪表上有读数 |
| This is because the solar cell already harvests light from the ambient light. |
这是因为太阳能电池已经开始从周围环境收集光了 |
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ambient:adj.周围的;外界的;环绕的;n.周围环境;
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| Now what I would like to do first is switch on the light, and I'll simply, only switch on the light,for a moment, and what you'll notice is that the instrument jumps to the right. |
现在,首先我将把灯打开 只是简单的打开灯,等一段时间 你会注意到指针跳到了右边 |
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switch on:n.接通;
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| So the solar cell, for a moment, is harvesting energy from this artificial light source . |
所以现在 太阳能电池 正在从这个人工光源接收能量 |
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artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
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| If I turn it off, we see it drops. |
如果把它关掉,我们看到读数降回去了 |
| I turn it on ... |
再打开 |
| So we harvest energy with the solar cell. |
所以我们用太阳能电池收集了能源 |
| But next I would like to activate the streaming of the video. |
接下来, 我将要启动视频传导 |
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activate:vt.刺激;使活动;使活泼;使产生放射性;vi.激活;有活力;
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| And I've done this by pressing this button. |
通过按下这个按钮来实现 |
| So now this LED lamp here is streaming a video by changing the brightness of the LED in a very subtle way, and in a way that you can't recognize with your eye, because the changes are too fast to recognize. |
所以现在这个LED灯 正在通过亮度的细微变化传导一个视频 这种亮度变化太快, 不能用肉眼识别 |
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recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;
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| But in order to prove the point, |
为了证明这一点 |
| I can block the light of the solar cell. |
我可以阻挡太阳能电池接收的光 |
| So first you notice the energy harvesting drops and the video stops as well. |
首先你会注意到收集的能源下降了 并且视频也停止了 |
| If I remove the blockage , the video will restart. |
如果我移开阻碍物, 视频会继续播放 |
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blockage:n.堵塞,堵塞;封锁;妨碍;
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| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| And I can repeat that. |
这个操作可以重复 |
| So we stop the transmission of the video and energy harvesting stops as well. |
所以当我们阻止视频的传输能源收集也相应停止 |
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transmission:n.传输;传染;播送;发射;广播;传动装置;
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| So that is to show that the solar cell acts as a receiver. |
这说明太阳能电池可以作为一个接收器 |
| But now imagine that this LED lamp is a street light , and there's fog. |
但是现在想像一下这个LED灯是街灯并且周围有雾 |
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street light:n.路灯;街灯;
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| And so I want to simulate fog, and that's why I brought a handkerchief with me. |
我想模拟有雾的情况 因此我随身带来一个手帕 |
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simulate:vt.模仿;假装;冒充;adj.模仿的;假装的; handkerchief:n.手帕;头巾,围巾;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| And let me put the handkerchief over the solar cell. |
让我把手帕放到太阳能电池上 |
| First you notice the energy harvested drops, as expected, but now the video still continues. |
首先你会注意到 能源收集量降低了,和预料的一样 但是现在视频仍在继续播放 |
| This means, despite the blockage, there's sufficient light coming through the handkerchief to the solar cell, so that the solar cell is able to decode and stream that information, in this case, a high-definition video. |
这意味着,尽管有阻碍物 还是有足够的光穿过手帕到太阳能电池 因此太阳能电池仍然能够解码、传导数据信息 甚至是我们现在用的高清视频信息 |
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despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; sufficient:adj.足够的;充分的; decode:vt.[计][通信]译码,解码;vi.从事破译工作; high-definition:高清晰度;
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| What's really important here is that a solar cell has become a receiver for high-speed wireless signals encoded in light, while it maintains its primary function as an energy-harvesting device. |
重要的是 太阳能电池在这里成为了一个接收器 接收编码成光的高速无线信号 同时也保持了它作为能源收集设备的基本功能 |
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wireless:adj.无线的;无线电的;n.无线电;v.用无线电发送; maintains:v.维持;保持;维修;保养;坚持(意见);(maintain的第三人称单数)
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| That's why it is possible to use existing solar cells on the roof of a hut to act as a broadband receiver from a laser station on a close by hill, or indeed, lamp post . |
这就是说, 屋顶上那些现有的太阳能电池 可以用来作为宽带网络的接收器 信号可以来自靠近山坡的激光站,或者街边的路灯 |
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hut:n.小屋;木屋;[军事]临时营房;[美俚]牢房;v.(使)住临时营房[小屋]; lamp post:灯杆;
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| And It really doesn't matter where the beam hits the solar cell. |
哪里的光束到达太阳能电池并不要紧 |
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beam:n.光线; v.发射(电波);
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| And the same is true for translucent solar cells integrated into windows, solar cells integrated into street furniture , or indeed, solar cells integrated into these billions of devices that will form the Internet of Things. |
并且实际上 窗户上安装的半透明太阳能电池 安装在街道设施上的太阳能电池 甚至安装在成千上万其他设备上的太阳能电池 它们将会形成物联网 |
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translucent:adj.透明的;半透明的; integrated:adj.综合的; v.整合; (integrate的过去式和过去分词) street furniture:n.街道设施(如路标、路灯等);
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| Because simply, we don't want to charge these devices regularly , or worse, replace the batteries every few months. |
这是因为 我们不想经常给这些设备充电 更不想每几个月就要更换电池 |
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regularly:adv.经常地;有规律地;定期的 batteries:n.电池;炮组;炮列;[法]殴打;(batteries是battery的复数)
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| As I said to you, this is the first time I've shown this in public. |
我之前说 这是我第一次向公众展示这些 |
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As I said:正如我所说的
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| It's very much a lab demonstration , a prototype . |
这次展示可以说是一个实验证明 一个原型 |
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demonstration:n.示范;演示;论证;证明; prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态;
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| But my team and I are confident that we can take this to market within the next two to three years. |
但是我和我的团队有信心接下来两到三年, 这项产品会进入市场 |
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confident:adj.自信的;确信的;
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| And we hope we will be able to contribute to closing the digital divide, and also contribute to connecting all these billions of devices to the Internet. |
希望我们能够对终结“数字鸿沟”做出贡献 并且帮助成千上万的设备连接到互联网 |
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contribute to:有助于;捐献;
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| And all of this without causing a massive explosion of energy consumption -- because of the solar cells, quite the opposite. |
而且所有设备不会造成 巨大的能源消耗 因为我们将利用现有的太阳能电池 |
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explosion:n.爆炸;爆发;激增; consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨;
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| Thank you. |
谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |