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HanakoSawada_BeethovenSymphony_2021E-_世界上最着名交响曲的秘密_
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| These eight ferocious notes open one of the most explosive pieces of music ever composed . |
这八个激烈的音符 开启了音乐史上最具爆炸性的曲子 |
| Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony Number Five premiered in 1808, on a blisteringly cold Vienna night. |
路德维西·范·贝多芬创作的《第五交响曲》 首演于1808年维也纳的一个寒风刺骨的夜晚 |
| The piece was just one small part of a lengthy program, and the orchestra had been hastily assembled and under-rehearsed. |
这首曲子仅仅是一个大项目中的一小部分 乐团也是匆忙组建的,排练得也不够充分 |
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ferocious:adj.残忍的;惊人的; explosive:n.炸药;爆炸物;adj.易爆炸的;可能引起爆炸的;易爆发的;可能引起冲动的; composed:adj.由…组成的; v.组成; (compose的过去分词和过去式) van:n.厢式货车;客货车;v.选矿;用车搬运; Symphony:n.交响乐;谐声,和声; premiered:(戏剧,电影等)首次公演(premiere的过去式和过去分词); blisteringly:adv.极度地;极快地;猛烈地;愤怒地; lengthy:adj.漫长的,冗长的;啰唆的; orchestra:n.管弦乐队;乐队演奏处; hastily:adv.匆忙地;急速地;慌忙地; assembled:v.聚集;集合;收集;装配;组装;(assemble的过去分词和过去式)
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| But despite this inauspicious premiere, the symphony quickly won acclaim . |
但尽管首演并不理想 这首交响曲很快获得了赞誉 |
| One critic likened the piece to “glowing beams of light, piercing through the darkness.” |
一位评论家将这部作品比作 像“一束束光从黑暗中穿透而来” |
| This intensity persists throughout the composition , and its dramatic musicality continues to move listeners today. |
这种紧张感贯穿整部作品 戏剧化的音乐直至今天仍在感染着听众 |
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despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; inauspicious:adj.不祥的;不吉的,恶运的; acclaim:vt.称赞;为…喝采,向…欢呼;n.欢呼,喝彩;称赞;vi.欢呼,喝采; critic:n.评论家;反对者;批评者; likened:vt.比拟;把…比作; beams:[建]梁; piercing:adj.刺穿的; n.熔化穿孔; v.刺穿; intensity:n.强度;强烈;[电子]亮度;紧张; persists:vi.存留,坚持;持续,固执;vt.坚持说,反复说; throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; composition:n.成分;作文;构成;创作; dramatic:adj.突然的;巨大的;令人吃惊的;激动人心的; musicality:n.音乐性;音感; listeners:n.听众;监听器(listener的复数);
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| So what exactly makes Beethoven’s Fifth so captivating ? |
那么贝多芬的《第五交响曲》 究竟为何如此迷人呢？ |
| When the symphony premiered, Beethoven already had a formidable reputation. |
这部交响曲首演之际 贝多芬已经十分出名 |
| While his peers produced music exclusively for religious functions or private events held by their wealthy patrons , |
在他的同行还只写宗教音乐 或者为他们富有的赞助人 举办的私人活动作曲时 |
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captivating:adj.迷人的;有魅力的;v.使…着迷(captivate的ing形式); Beethoven:n.贝多芬(德国作曲家); formidable:adj.强大的;可怕的;令人敬畏的;艰难的; peers:n.平辈,同事(peer的复数);v.凝视;比得上(peer的三单形式); exclusively:adv.唯一地;专有地;排外地; religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑; patrons:n.赞助人;老顾客(patron的复数);庇护人;
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| Beethoven was one of the first freelance composers . |
贝多芬已经成为了史上第一位 自由职业作曲家 |
| He made his living composing and selling his music to publishers in multiple countries and showcasing his compositions to an adoring public. |
他靠作曲谋生 把曲子卖给多个国家的出版商 向崇拜他的观众表演他的作品 |
| This career choice gave him the flexibility to compose for self-expression and Beethoven was always pursuing new ways to translate his powerful emotions into music. |
这一职业选择为他提供了自我表达的空间 而且贝多芬也总在探索新的方法 来用音乐传达他强烈的情感 |
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freelance:n.自由作家;自由记者;adj.自由投稿的; composers:n.作曲家;作曲者(composer的复数形式); composing:n.组成;[印刷]排字;adj.起镇静作用的;v.组成;写作(compose的现在分词); publishers:n.出版商,出版公司;出版社(publisher的复数); multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; showcasing:v.展示(showcase的ing形式); compositions:n.组成成分;作品辑;艺术作品(composition的复数形式); career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; flexibility:n.灵活性;弹性;适应性; self-expression:n.自我表现; pursuing:v.追求;致力于;贯彻;跟踪;追赶;(pursue的现在分词) translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数)
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| At the time, most composers worked within the Classical style, which offered limited options for a piece’s overarching structure and instrumentation . |
当时大部分作曲家以“古典主义”风格作曲 一首曲子可选的的整体结构 和使用的乐器比较有限 |
| Beethoven composed most of his earlier pieces in this tradition, following in the footsteps of role models like Mozart and Haydn. |
贝多芬大部分早期的作品延续了这种传统 跟随着莫扎特和海顿这些榜样的步伐 |
| But with his Fifth Symphony, he experimented with elements of Romanticism . |
但在他的《第五交响曲》中 他尝试加入了一些浪漫主义元素 |
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Classical:adj.古典的;经典的;传统的;第一流的;n.古典音乐; limited:adj.有限的; n.高级快车; v.限制; (limit的过去分词和过去式) options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式) overarching:adj.首要的;支配一切的;包罗万象的;v.成拱形(overarch的ing形式); structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; instrumentation:n.使用仪器;乐器法;仪表化; footsteps:n.脚步(footstep的复数形式);步距; elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) Romanticism:n.浪漫主义;浪漫精神;
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| This blossoming mode of composition was known for its expressive melodies , extended forms and surprising instrumentations. |
这种逐渐成熟的作曲方法 以其极具感染性的旋律 更加广泛的形式和令人惊喜的配器着称 |
| The first movement of Beethoven’s Fifth uses a Classical sonata form, in which a central musical idea is explored , developed, and repeated in an altered manner. |
贝多芬《第五交响曲》第一乐章 使用了古典主义音乐的奏鸣曲式 针对一个中心的音乐主题 使用不同的方式发掘、发展和反复 |
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blossoming:v.开花;变得更加健康(或自信、成功);(blossom的现在分词) expressive:adj.表现的;有表现力的;表达…的; melodies:n.美妙的音乐,歌曲(melody的复数); extended:adj.延长了的;扩展了的;v.使伸长;扩大;扩展;(extend的过去式和过去分词) sonata:n.奏鸣曲; explored:v.探索;勘探;考察;探险;(explore的过去式和过去分词) altered:adj.改变了的:v.(使)改变,更改,改动:(alter的过去分词和过去式)
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| Within these parameters , he explores a simple idea with incredible depth. |
在这些已设定的范围内 |
| A single rhythmic motif serves as the building block for most of the movement: three short notes, followed by a lingering fourth. |
单独的一个动机非常有节奏感 作为该乐章大部分片段的基本组成要素 即三个短音接着一个延绵的长音 |
| One of Beethoven’s biographers would later call this pattern the “fate motif,” because it suggests the figure of fate knocking at the door. |
后来,一位贝多芬的传记作家称 其为“命运动机” 因为它体现出了命运叩门般的画面 |
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parameters:n.决定因素;规范;范围;(parameter的复数) explores:v.探索; (explore的第三人称单数) incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; rhythmic:adj.[生物]有节奏的(等于rhythmical); n.韵律论(等于rhythmics); motif:n.主题;动机;主旨;图形;意念; lingering:adj.拖延的; v.继续存留; (linger的现在分词) biographers:n.传记作者;
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| While it's not clear if Beethoven composed the motif with fate in mind, these notes certainly create a gripping hook . |
尽管我们并不清楚贝多芬本人 是否在谱曲时想到了命运 这几个音符的确染具有强大的吸引力 |
| The rhythmic pattern creates forward movement, while the prolonged fourth note signals doom . |
富有节奏感的片段创造出一种向前的趋势 而拉长的第四个音则象征着毁灭 |
| This motif haunts the symphony, including its accompanying parts and rhythmic flourishes . |
这一动机笼罩着整首交响曲 包括伴奏部分和鲜明的节奏 |
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gripping:adj.激动人心的; v.紧抓; (grip的现在分词) hook:n.钩;挂钩;鱼钩;钓钩;v.挂住;箍住;钓(鱼);打曲线球; prolonged:adj.长期的;持久的;v.延长(prolong的过去分词和过去式); doom:n.厄运;毁灭;劫数;死亡;v.使…注定失败(或遭殃、死亡等); haunts:v.出没; n.常去的场所; (haunt的第三人称单数和复数) accompanying:v.陪同;陪伴;与…同时发生;为…伴奏;(accompany的现在分词) flourishes:v.繁荣;夸耀(flourish的单三形式);
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| Beethoven experiments with dozens of variations , playing out across different instruments and pitches . |
贝多芬尝试了十余种变体 用不同的乐器和音高展示 |
| Throughout the piece, this motif is passed around the orchestra like a whisper , gradually reaching more and more instruments until it becomes a roar . |
这一动机贯穿全曲 像耳语一样在乐团中传递 传递到越来越多的乐器 直至变为一声怒吼 |
| The motif’s inventive repetition is a large part of what makes this piece so memorable , but it’s not the only innovation on display . |
这一动机具有独创性的反复 很大程度上是这首曲子 能够如此印象深刻的原因 但它不是这首曲子唯一的 具有独创性的地方 |
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variations:n.变奏曲,变更;[生物]变种(variation的复数形式); instruments:n.器械;仪器;器具;手段(instrument的复数) pitches:pitch的变形; whisper:v.耳语;低语;私语;小声说;n.耳语(声);低语(声);私语(声);轻柔的声音; gradually:adv.渐渐地;逐步地; roar:吼叫,咆哮 inventive:adj.发明的;有发明才能的;独出心裁的; repetition:n.重复;重做;重说;重做的事;重说的话; memorable:adj.显著的,难忘的;值得纪念的; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; on display:展览,公开展出;
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| This was the first major orchestral composition to use trombones , and Beethoven also employs a high-pitched piccolo and a low-pitched contrabassoon to give the orchestra a wider range than most classical compositions. |
这是第一首在乐团中 使用长号的大型交响乐曲 而且贝多芬还使用了一个高音短笛 和一个倍低音巴松 使乐团的音域比大部分古典主义作品更广 |
| Exaggerated musical dynamics further heighten the drama. |
夸张化的音乐强弱对比更加增强了戏剧性 |
| And harmonically , the piece has a clear emotional arc— beginning in a somber C minor and ending in a triumphant C major. |
在和声方面,这首曲子 也有着清晰的情感走向 开始是阴郁的c小调 最终以辉煌的C大调结尾 |
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orchestral:adj.管弦乐的;管弦乐队的; trombones:n.长号;伸缩喇叭(trombone的复数); high-pitched:adj.声调高的;声音尖锐的;紧张的;陡的; piccolo:n.短笛;吹短笛者;adj.小型的; low-pitched:adj.低调的;低沉的;倾斜缓的; contrabassoon:n.倍低音巴松笛;倍低音管; Exaggerated:adj.夸张的,言过其实的;v.夸张,夸大(exaggerate的过去分词和过去式) dynamics:n.动力学,力学; heighten:v.提高; harmonically:adv.简谐;调和地; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; somber:adj.忧郁的;昏暗的;严峻的;阴天的; minor:adj.未成年的; n.未成年人; vi.副修; triumphant:adj.成功的;得意洋洋的;狂欢的;
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| This progression , from ominous unease to majestic resolution , is a testament to Beethoven’s ability to inject raw emotionality into his music. |
这种音乐进行,从不详的 不适感发展到辉煌的尾声 是贝多芬有能力向他的音乐 注入丰富情感的强有力证明 |
| He wrote this symphony while battling with hearing loss, and his anguish can be heard in the composition’s thunderous and repeating musical phrases. |
贝多芬写这部交响曲时正在经历听力衰退 而从他的作品中就能听出他的痛苦 在滚滚雷声般不断重复的乐句中可见一斑 |
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progression:n.前进;连续; ominous:adj.预兆的;不吉利的; unease:n.不安;不舒服; majestic:adj.庄严的;宏伟的; resolution:n.解决;分辨;解析;决议; testament:n.[法]遗嘱;圣约;确实的证明; inject:v.注入;注射; emotionality:n.情绪性;感动性; anguish:n.痛苦;苦恼;v.使极度痛苦;感到极度的痛苦; thunderous:adj.像打雷的,隆轰隆响的;多雷的,强有力的;
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| Beethoven continued to compose even after he became completely deaf, producing innovative music until his death in 1827. |
贝多芬在他完全失聪之后仍坚持作曲 不断产出富有创造性的音乐 直至1827年去世 |
| And the Fifth Symphony’s central motif has continued to resound through the ages. |
而他《第五交响曲》中的中心动机 则在岁月中持续地回响 |
| Outside of concert halls, the piece has become a symbol for suspense , revelation , and triumph. |
这部交响曲走出了音乐厅 成为悬疑、启示和胜利的象征 |
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innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; resound:vi.回响;鸣响;被传颂;vt.回响;传颂;大声讲; symbol:n.象征;符号;标志; suspense:n.悬念;悬疑;焦虑;悬而不决; revelation:n.披露; adj.暴露的;
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| The fate motif sounds out the letter V in Morse code , and during World War II, the Fifth Symphony became a code for victory amongst the Allies . |
命运动机在摩斯电码中代表字母“V” 在二战期间 《第五交响曲》成为盟军之间胜利的暗号 |
| The iconic composition can be found in film scores, and it’s even been explored through musical reinterpretations and visual art. |
这部极具象征意义的作品 出现在很多电影原声音乐中 人们甚至也在音乐的重新阐释 和视觉艺术中继续探索这首曲子 |
| But whatever the context , |
但无论以什么形式 |
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Morse code:n.莫尔斯电码; amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); Allies:n.盟友,支持者:v.与…结盟(ally的第三人称单数和复数) iconic:adj.图标的,形象的; reinterpretations:n.重新解释; visual:adj.视觉的,视力的;栩栩如生的; context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
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| Beethoven’s Fifth takes its listeners through a dark world, then guides them into the light. |
贝多芬的《第五交响曲》 都把人们带到一个黑暗的世界 然后带领他们走向光明 |