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GloriaSteinem_2020W-_致未来的女性，你是改变的根基_-
Gloria Steinem: Yes, hello, hello. 格洛丽亚．斯泰纳姆:是的,喂？
Pat Mitchell: Hello, hello. 帕特．米切尔:嗨,哈啰。
What a thrill to have this opportunity. 非常兴奋能有这次机会。
When we ask all of our TED community , many of them, "Who would you like to hear from if we're going to look forward and onward , when it comes to women in the world?" 我们在 TED 社群里问了许多人: 「假如谈到『世界上女性的展望』, 你们会想听到谁的演说？」
Pat:v.合适; n.拍打; adj.过于简易的; v.(喜爱地)轻拍; thrill:n.兴奋感;兴奋;激动;v.使非常兴奋;使非常激动; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; onward:adj.向前的;前进的;adv.向前;在前面;
Unanimously , the answer was "Gloria Steinem." 答案不约而同是 「格洛丽亚．斯泰纳姆」。
Now I know you're way too modest to accept that easily, so before we move onward, may I go back a bit, since we have known each other for a long time, and talk about those early days when you were building a movement, challenging stereotypes , moving beyond cultural norms . 我知道你一定会谦虚推辞, 所以在继续进行之前, 因为我们很早就认识了, 是否能让我回溯一下, 谈谈早些年你发起运动、 挑战刻板印象、 超越社会常规的日子。
Unanimously:adv.全体一致地; modest:adj.些许的;谦虚的; early days:初期;为时尚早;前期; stereotypes:n.模式化观念(或形象); v.对…形成模式化(或类型化)的看法; (stereotype的第三人称单数和复数) cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; norms:n.[标准]标准,规范;基准(norm复数形式);
You must have had some manifestation of " Fearless " in your life. 你的人生中一定有过「无惧」的时刻,
What were your fears and how did you overcome them? 你过往的恐惧是什么？如何克服它们？
GS: No, I certainly had a lot of fears, and chief among them was speaking in public, just like I am now. 格:我当然害怕很多东西, 最大的恐惧就是在公开场合演讲, 像我现在一样。
manifestation:n.表现;显示;示威运动; Fearless:adj.无畏的;大胆的; overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜;
Because, you know, we choose to express ourselves in the way that is most natural, and I became a writer because I didn't want to talk. 我们都会选择用 最自在的方式去表达自己。 而我选择当作家, 正是因为我不想演讲。
So the first thing I had to overcome was the fear of public speaking, and because I was afraid to do it by myself, 所以我首要克服的 就是公开演讲的恐惧, 因为我实在很怕单独进行,
I asked a friend to do it with me -- 所以我请了朋友跟我一起:
Dorothy Pitman Hughes, and then Flo Kennedy -- anyway, so we became, in that way, somewhat accidentally , one white woman, one Black woman, speaking together, which, you know, was very helpful to express that the movement was for everyone. 先是多萝西．皮特曼．休斯, 然后弗洛．肯尼迪…… 总之,不知怎的就变成 一位白人女性、一位黑人女性互相对谈, 恰好表达了这场运动 是为所有人而存在。
express:v.表达; adj.特快的; n.特快列车; v.使用快速服务; in the way:妨碍;挡道; Pitman:n.矿工;连接杆; somewhat:n.几分;某物;adv.有点;多少;几分;稍微; accidentally:adv.意外地:偶然,偶然地;
PM: And in those early days, when you were becoming, not only a really powerful public speaker, in spite of your fears, you were also normalizing and creating 帕:早些年的日子, 你不仅顶住自身的恐惧,成为具渲染力的公众演说家; 你也让大众对「女性主义」的反应趋于正常,
response to a word that became the anthem for so many of us, literally changing lives, standing in front of crowds and saying, " Feminism is for every woman." 更讲出许多人都奉为圭臬的一句话, 一句真的改变生命的话; 你站在人群之前,大声疾呼: 「女性主义属于所有女性。」
in spite of:尽管;不管,不顾; normalizing:v.(使)正常化,标准化,常规化;(normalize的现在分词) response:n.响应;反应;回答; anthem:n.赞美诗;圣歌;v.唱圣歌庆祝;唱赞歌; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: Feminism:n.女权主义;女权运动;男女平等主义;
And I see now, as you do, that there are still ways in which feminism is not understood as a concept. 但现在,如你所看到的, 我注意到有些人无法理解 女性主义的概念,
Misunderstood , criticized , sometimes ridiculed . 而是被误解、批评,有时甚至被奚落。
How do you describe feminism? 你会如何形容女性主义呢？
GS: Well, it's just the radical idea that human beings are all equal and we can dispense with the labels of gender and class and race and begin to realize our unique individuality . 格:从头到尾它就是 「人人平等」的概念而已。 我们可以不再使用性别、 阶级、种族的标签, 开始去意识到每个个体的独特性。
Misunderstood:adj.被误解的;v.误解,误会(misunderstand的过去式); criticized:v.批评;挑剔;指责;评论;评价;(criticize的过去式和过去分词) ridiculed:v.嘲笑;奚落;讥笑;(ridicule的过去分词和过去式) describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的; dispense:v.分配;分发;提供;配药; labels:n.标签;分类(label的复数形式);v.贴标签于;把…称为(label的三单形式); gender:n.性别; unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物; individuality:n.个性;个人;个人特征;个人的嗜好(通常复数);
Of course feminism was misunderstood in the beginning, as if it were about female superiority or it was a movement for lesbians only, not for all women. 当然在一开始, 女性主义受到许多误解, 以为女性主义倡导女性至上, 或只是女同志的专属运动, 而不是给全体女性的。
I mean, you know, there were all kinds of misunderstandings , not to mention ridicule. 误解五花八门, 更别说嘲笑了。
But I hope that that's past. 但我希望这些都是过去式。
I used to just send people to the dictionary to look up feminism, very helpful. 我还曾经给民众字典, 让他们自己查「女性主义」。 满有用的。
female:adj.女性的;雌性的;柔弱的,柔和的;n.女人;[动]雌性动物; superiority:n.优越,优势;优越性; lesbians:n.女同性恋者;(lesbian的复数) misunderstandings:误区; not to mention:更不必说;不必提及;
(Both laugh) （两人的笑声）
PM: How do you feel the new generation and the next generation of young women -- what is their relationship with the word and the concept of, "there's still a lot to be done to reach that equal step"? 帕:你认为新的一代 及下一代的年轻女性, 她们与「女性主义」这个字的关系, 还有她们如何看待 「平等尚未达成, 改变仍须进行」的想法？
GS: Yeah, well I don't think that -- 格:我不觉得……
I mean, the word is still there, womanism, women's liberation , there are all kinds of words, but I think it's much more about content and not worrying too much about form. 类似的用词的确很多: 有色人种女性主义、妇女解放等等, 有很多名词, 但我认为真正重要的是内容, 而不要太去计较形式。
So Black Lives Matter was started by three young Black feminists . 「黑人的命也是命」运动 是由三名黑人女性主义者发起。
You know, that was their creation that is beginning to change much that needs to be changed. 那是她们所创造出来的, 开始去改变那些需要被改变的。
liberation:n.释放,解放; content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; feminists:n.女权运动者(feminist的复数); creation:n.创造,创作;创作物,产物;
And they just assumed that of course they were there as three young Black feminists. 她们也自认是以黑人女性主义者的身分 来发起这个运动。
PM: And in the early days of the women's movement and continuing all the way through, one of the ways that we have learned to talk to each other about difficult issues in which we may have disagreements, 帕:不管是以前的妇女运动时期 或是现在, 在沟通困难议题时都可能会产生歧见, 我们学到的其中一个方法
assumed:adj.假定的;假设的;v.假定;假设;认为;承担;(assume的过去分词和过去式) issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
were sort of the talking circles or the consciousness raising, but is this something we could do to begin to build back the bridges between us? 便是用提高对问题认知的 团体谈话圈圈的方式, 我们也可以用这个方法 在双方之间搭起一座桥樑吗？
GS: You know, I regret the emphasis on divisions , because we are more unified than any other movement in history. 格:其实我有点后悔强调分裂, 因为这其实是史上最团结的运动,
So I think we ought to celebrate that fact. 我觉得我们应该要颂扬这个是实。
And it comes out of talking circles as you point out, which used to be called consciousness raising groups. 至于你所提到的谈话圈圈, 以前被称作提高认知小组,
consciousness:n.意识;知觉;觉悟;感觉; emphasis:n.强调;重视;重要性;(对某个词或短语的)强调; divisions:n.分开;分隔;分配;除(法);不和;差异;(division的复数) unified:adj.统一的;一致标准的;v.统一;使一致(unify的过去分词);
And it just means that you sit in a circle, as Native Americans taught us long ago, and you each get to speak in turn -- 基本上就是围一个圈圈坐, 像美国原住民很久之前教我们的那样, 接着每个人轮流说话,
Native Americans passed around a talking stick -- and everybody has to listen while each person -- and in that way, you say unsayable things and somebody on the other side of the circle says, "Oh, I've experienced that too." 就像原住民将谈话棒 一位一位传下去一样。 轮到的人讲话的时候,其他人聆听。 这种方式可以使人说出难以启齿的事情, 圈圈对面的人可能会说: 「噢,我也经历过这样的事。」
Native:adj.本国的;土著的;天然的;与生俱来的;天赋的;n.本地人;土产;当地居民; unsayable:无法言说;不好说的; on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
And you discover what is shared and also, you discover how you can help each other. 然后你就会产生共鸣。 同时也会发现该如何去幫助对方。
There's no substitute for those kinds of talking circles. 没有比这种谈话圈圈更好的替代方案了。
PM: I want to be the first to volunteer with you, Gloria, to start the talking circles and passing the talking sticks again. 帕:格洛丽亚,我会第一个自愿 加入你的谈话小圈圈,一起传谈话棒。
One of the surprising things that people who come into your presence are always surprised to find out what a great sense of humor you have. 当人们遇到你的时候 总是会很惊讶地发现你的幽默。
substitute:v.取代;(以…)代替;n.代用品;代替物;代替者;替补(运动员); volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿; presence:n.存在;出席;参加;风度;仪态; humor:n.幽默;心情;情绪;脾气;v.迎合;迁就;
And one of my favorite books of the many you have written sits by my bedside , and the title of it -- forgive me those who might not like bad language -- the title is "The Truth Will Set You Free, But First It Will Piss You Off!" 你写了许多书, 我都放在床头, 其中我最喜欢的一本,请观众原谅我的用词, 书名是《真相会让你解脱,但会先气死你！》
So I'm wondering now what truth is setting you free and what continues to piss you off? 所以我想问,是什么真相让你自由？ 又是什么真相让你气死了呢？
GS: Well, actually, right at this moment, 格:这个嘛,以现在来说,
I mean, the truth is COVID -- you know, and we understand that is a universal experience and danger we're all dealing with, and what pisses me off is that we don't use that experience in the positive sense. 真相是新冠肺炎。 我们了解这是一场全球共同面对的危机, 但让我气死的是
bedside:n.床边,床旁;adj.床旁的,枕边的; forgive:v.原谅;免除(债务,义务等); bad language:n.脏话;冒犯人(或咒骂人)的话; Piss:int.(美俚)呸;n.撒尿;v.撒尿; universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的; pisses:v.撒尿;n.撒尿;(piss的第三人称单数和复数) positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
In the sense that we learn from dangers as well as from accomplishments . 我们在危机和成就之中 都学到了一些东西,
It pisses me off that this is not used in a positive way to overcome the idea of categories of human beings or of national boundaries or of countries. 我气的是我们没有 以正面的方式来运用它, 没有用在克服
I mean, we're all here on Spaceship Earth. 我们都在这艘「地球号」太空船上。
as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; accomplishments:n.成就;成绩;才艺;技艺;完成;(accomplishment的复数) categories:n.(人或事物的)类别,种类(category的复数) boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数)
(Laughs) （笑）
We're all citizens of Spaceship Earth, and COVID knows that, so it should help to teach us that. 我们都是地球号太空船上的子民, 而新冠肺炎这个是实。 我们应该要能从中学到这点教训的。
PM: And as we're looking at our current reality, we've seen yet another great milestone for women, in this country for sure, with the newly elected Vice President Kamala Harris, who said in her speech, you know, "I may be the first, but I won't be the last," 帕:今日现况, 我们可以看到另一个女性的里程碑, 尤其是在这个国家, 新任准副总统贺锦丽 在她的演说中讲道: 「我可能是第一个, 但我绝不是最后一位。」
and I think of the many times that you and I and others have said that. 我想起我们大家都曾说过这样的话。
What difference will it make, in our country and around the world, when there are more women in all leadership positions, what are our differences as leaders? 当有更多女性居于领导位置, 会为我们国家、甚至整个世界 我们作为领导时有什么不同？
milestone:n.里程碑,划时代的事件; Vice:n.恶习;缺点;[机]老虎钳;卖淫;prep.代替;v.钳住;adj.副的;代替的; Kamala:n.粗糠柴;卡马拉;吕宋楸荚粉;
GS: Well, I mean for one thing , we will have the advantage of using all of human intelligence instead of only a small portion of it; this would be a good thing. 格:首先, 我们将得以用上全人类的智慧, 而不是只用上一小部分的人, 这是很棒的一点。
And we will also allow children to see themselves as leaders universally , instead of just one small group. 我们也同时能让所有孩子 在领袖身上看到自己的影子, 而不是只有少数孩子。
Because right now, when kids look at leaders, they don't necessarily see themselves. 因为当现在的孩子看向领袖们, 他们并不一定看得见自己的影子
for one thing:首先;一则; advantage:n.有利条件:优势:优点: intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报; portion:n.部分;(食物的)一份;分担的责任;v.把…分成若干份(或部分); universally:adv.普遍地;人人;到处; necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地;
PM: When we look at you, we see a leader, Gloria, and there are so many things that you could point to with pride, although I know you don't. 帕:格洛丽亚,我们看着你 就看见了一位领导者。 你大可骄傲地为评论许多事, 但我知道你不会这么做。
But what is it that motivates you or keeps you on the path onward in those moments of doubt, or the times when things look bleak or there are fears, or do you ever fear, ever feel those feelings? 是什么激励着你？ 在踌躇的时候, 你曾经害怕吗？ 曾经有害怕的感觉吗？
GS: No, of course I fear, I mean, definitely . 格:我当然也害怕过,绝对的。
But as the slogan goes, "Follow the fear and do it anyway. 但就如一句口号所说: 「跟随恐惧,还是要做。
Fear is a sign of growth." 害怕不过是成长的征兆。」
(Laughs) （笑声）[08:50]
motivates:v.促使;刺激;给与动机(motivate的三单形式); bleak:adj.阴冷的;荒凉的,无遮蔽的;黯淡的,无希望的;冷酷的;单调的; definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地; slogan:n.口号;标语;
It's a good thing, right? 这是件很棒的事,对吧？
PM: Right. 帕:是的。
GS: I'm so inspired by young women, 格:年轻女性给我很多启发。
I mean, I keep feeling as if I just had to wait for some of my friends to be born. 我总是觉得 有些朋友还没有诞生到这个世界,
And to see that this is profoundly a global movement, as it always has been. 我等着他们一同见证
I mean, you know, even the response to the march right after the inauguration of the current president, in every -- 就连现任总统就职演说后举办的游行,
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; inauguration:n.就职典礼;开始,开创;开幕式;
Latin America , Africa, you know, were marching together.
It really has become a global movement, thanks in large part to technology , because we can see each other, as we are now, and also just to the contagion of the idea of freedom, you know. 这真的是一场全球性的运动, 感谢科技, 我们得以看见对方, 就像我们现在一样, 也要感谢自由这个概念的感染力。
Latin America:n.拉丁美洲(以西班牙语或葡萄牙语为主要语言的美洲地区); technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; contagion:n.传染病;蔓延;触染;
If women spend nine months being pregnant and caring for a child, why isn't it that men are responsible for spending that much more than half the time taking care of the child, hello? 如果女人怀胎九个月、哺育孩子, 为什么男人不需付出 一半以上的时间照顾孩子, 真是令人费解。
(Laughs) （笑）
Logic is in the eye of the logician , right? 逻辑只在想找的时候才看得到,对吧？
(Laughs) （笑）
So you know, wherever you look, there's just a discovery of freedom, of common sense , of companionship . 所以,不管往何处看, 处处都能发现自由、常识与同伴。[10:00]
pregnant:adj.怀孕的;富有意义的; responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的; logician:n.逻辑学家;论理学者; common sense:adj.常识的;有生活经验得来的; companionship:n.友谊;陪伴;交谊;
PM: Is there, of all the things in your life, what has been the greatest source of confidence building and inspiration? 帕:在你一生所有事物中, 是否有那么一件事 是你自信与灵感的最大来源？
Is it the global sisterhood that you've built around the world? 是你所串连的全世界姐妹们吗？
GS: Well, it's just other women. 格:这是其他姐妹的功劳。
I mean, I would not have been able to ever conquer my fear of public speaking, which is where we started out, if it hadn't been for my fearless friend, 就像我一开始提到的, 要不是有我无畏的朋友 多萝西．皮特曼．休斯, 我也无法克服公开演说的恐惧。
source:n.来源;水源;原始资料; confidence:n.信心;信任;秘密;adj.(美)诈骗的;骗得信任的; sisterhood:n.姐妹关系;妇女团体; conquer:v.占领;攻克;征服;击败,战胜;对付,克服,控制;很受欢迎
Dorothy Pitman Hughes, you know, for doing it together. 多亏她与我一起完成。
So you know, it's learning from each other, and just remembering to ask, really, because the help is there, the inspiration is there, the sense of community is there, 所以,一切都在于彼此学习。 还有,一定要记得开口求助, 因为幫助一直都在、 灵感一直都在、 团体归属感也一直都在,
and I hope that technology can help us in this way, especially because for women, that's important, because we can communicate in safety. 我希望科技能在这个层面上幫助我们, 对女性来说尤为重要, 我们能因此在安全的环境下彼此沟通。
But I do regret and worry about the COVID emergency , because we do also need to be together with all five senses in order to truly empathize . 但我也为新冠肺炎的紧急事态 感到遗憾和担忧, 因为我们同时也需要 用五感去感受在一起、 去真切地感同身受。
So I look forward to the day when you and I can once again be in the same room. 所以我期盼 你我能在同一空间的那天。
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; emergency:n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;adj.紧急的;备用的; empathize:vt.移情;神会; look forward to:盼望,期待;
PM: Well, you and I have been in a lot of the same rooms, and even when you're not in the same room with women everywhere, you have inspired them, Gloria. 帕:我们曾多次共室。 格洛丽亚,即使你与姐妹们不在一起, 你也同样激励着他们。
And to see the full and total story, well, at least part of the full and total story, the movie has been made about Gloria's life. 如果想了解故事全貌, 或至少部分的故事全貌, 格洛丽亚的人生故事已经改编成电影,
It's called "The Glorias," based on her book "My Life on the Road," 名称是《榮耀》, 改编自她的着作《我的飘零人生》,
which is certainly the way you've spent your life, and it's available for livestreaming on Amazon Prime and I do highly recommend it. 里头详实记录你如何走过你的人生。 亚马逊 Prime 上有提供直播, 我本人也极度推荐。
Gloria, thank you for your work, for your life, for the fearless way in which you have led us all forward, and one last next step for moving onward from you? 格洛丽亚,谢谢你的付出、 谢谢你精采的一生、 也谢谢你引领我们走往无畏的道路。 你的下一步是什么呢？
livestreaming:实况转播; Amazon:亚马逊;古希腊女战士; Prime:adj.主要的; v.极好地; n.初期; v.使准备好; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; recommend:v.推荐;介绍;劝告;建议;使受欢迎;
What advice or counsel ? 是否能给我们一些建议？
GS: Ah. 格:嗯……
Just do it. 就去做吧。
(Laughs) （笑声）
You know, I think we kind of wait for instructions from up there, or we worry or something, and you know, if we just get up in the morning and say, "OK, I'm going to do this, and I'm going to get in touch with three or four other people," 我觉得我们常常在等来自上头的指示, 或者我们会担心之类的。 但如果我们能在某天醒来,告诉自己: 「好,我要这么做。 我要去联络三到四个人。」[12:28]
counsel:n.劝告,忠告,建议;法律顾问;律师;vt.提供专业咨询;建议,劝告(做某事) in touch with:同…有联系,和…有接触;
and just think of change as a tree, you know -- it doesn't grow from the top down, so we shouldn't be waiting for somebody to tell us what to do. 想想树是怎么长大的—— 它不是由上往下长, 我们也不该等别人 来告诉我们要怎么做;
It grows from the bottom up, and we are the roots of change. 它是由下往上长, 我们自己就是改变的根基。
PM: We are bearing the roots of your work, Gloria, with gratitude . 帕:我们享受着你奋斗的果实。 谢谢你,格洛丽亚。
Thank you very much for joining us for TEDWomen 2020. 谢谢你参加 TEDWomen 2020。
GS: No, and thank you for bringing women together, which is the magic. 格:不,谢谢你串连了所有女性, 这才是魔力所在。
Thank you. 谢谢。
bearing:n.关系;影响;姿态;举止v.承受;忍受;承担责任;(bear的现在分词) gratitude:n.感谢(的心情);感激;