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GhadaWali_2017G-_我如何用乐高玩具教人们阿拉伯语_
I come from Egypt, which is also called Umm al-Dunya, the Mother of the World. 我来自埃及, 这里也被称作Umm al-Dunya, 意思是世界之母。
It's a rich country filled with stories of rebellion , stories of civilizational triumph and downfall and the rich, religious , ethnic , cultural and linguistic diversity . 这一富饶的国家 充斥着反抗的故事, 见证着文明的兴衰, 还有着丰富的宗教、 民族、文化以及语言多样性。
rebellion:n.谋反;叛乱;反叛;反抗;叛逆; civilizational:文明化;文明体国家; triumph:v.战胜;成功;打败;n.巨大成功;重大成就;伟大胜利;喜悦; downfall:n.垮台;衰败;落下;大雨; religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑; ethnic:adj.种族的;人种的; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; linguistic:adj.语言的;语言学的; diversity:n.差异(性):多样性:多样化:
Growing up in such an environment, 生长在这种环境中,
I became a strong believer in the power of storytelling . 我变得十分相信讲述故事的力量。
believer:n.信徒;相信的人; storytelling:n.讲故事;说谎话;adj.讲故事的;说谎的;
As I searched for the medium with which to tell my story, 当我为自己找寻讲述故事的媒介之时,
medium:n.(传播信息的)媒介;手段;工具;方法;adj.中等的;中号的;
I stumbled upon graphic design. 偶然发现了平面设计。
stumbled:v.绊脚;跌跌撞撞地走;蹒跚而行;(stumble的过去分词和过去式) graphic:adj.形象的;图表的;绘画似的;
I would like to share with you a project of how graphic design can bring the Arabic language to life. 我想和你们分享一个项目, 即如何运用平面设计 赋予阿拉伯语生命。
But first, let me tell you why I want to do this. 但首先,我想谈谈 为什么我要做这件事。
I believe that graphic design can change the world. 我相信平面设计可以改变世界。
At least in my very own city of Cairo , it helped overthrow two separate dictators . 至少在我的城市开罗, 它帮助推翻了两任独裁者。
Cairo:开罗(埃及首都) overthrow:n.推翻;倾覆;瓦解;vt.推翻;打倒;倾覆; dictators:n.独裁者;发号施令者;专横的人;(dictator的复数)
As you can see from those photos, the power and potential of graphic design as a tool for positive change is undeniably strong. 你可以从这些图片中看到, 作为正面变革的力量和潜力, 平面设计的作用是巨大的, 这一点毋庸置疑。
As you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; undeniably:adv.不可否认地;确凿无疑地;
Egypt's 2011 revolution was also a grassroots design revolution. 2011年的埃及革命也是 草根设计的革命。
revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环; grassroots:adj.基层的;草根的;乡村的;n.草根;基础;
Everyone became a creator. 每个人都变成了创造者。
People were the real designers and, just overnight , 人们是真正的设计师, 一夜之间,
overnight:adj.夜间的; v.在夜间; n.(美)前一天的晚上;
Cairo was flooded with posters , signage , graffiti . 整个开罗就遍布了海报, 标牌,涂鸦。
posters:n.海报;巨幅装饰画;发布消息的人;(poster的复数) signage:n.引导标示; graffiti:n.墙上乱写乱画的东西(graffito的复数形式);
Visual communication was the medium that spoke far louder than words when the population of over 90 million voices were suppressed for almost 30 years. 视觉交流 成为了比言语还要振聋发聩的媒介, 那时,超过九千万的民众 已经被压抑了近三十年。
Visual:adj.视觉的,视力的;栩栩如生的; suppressed:adj.抑制的,发育不全的;v.镇压,禁止;(suppress的过去时和过去分词)
It was precisely this political and social suppression , coupled with decades of colonialism and miseducation that slowly eroded the significance of the Arabic script in the region . 正是这种政治和社会压迫, 以及几十年的殖民历史 和错误教育, 慢慢削弱了阿拉伯语 在这一地区的重要性。
suppression:n.抑制;镇压;[植]压抑; colonialism:n.殖民主义;殖民政策; miseducation:n.错误教育; eroded:v.腐蚀;风化;削弱;损害;(erode的过去分词和过去式) significance:n.意义;重要性;意思; script:n.剧本;电影剧本;笔迹;广播(或讲话等)稿;v.为电影(或戏剧等)写剧本; region:n.地区;范围;部位;
All of these countries once used Arabic. 所有这些标注了颜色的 国家都曾使用阿拉伯语。
Now it's just the green and the blue. 现在只剩下绿色和蓝色的国家。
To put it simply, the Arabic script is dying. 简单来说, 阿拉伯语正在消亡。
In postcolonial Arab countries functioning in an increasingly globalized world, it is a growing alarm that less and less people are using the Arabic script to communicate. 日益全球化的大背景, 为后殖民时期的阿拉伯国家 敲响了警钟, 使用阿拉伯语进行交流的 人数正在日益减少。
postcolonial:adj.殖民地时期之后的; increasingly:adv.越来越多地;渐增地; globalized:vt.使全球化;
As I was studying my master's in Italy, I noticed myself missing Arabic. 在米兰读硕士的时候, 我发现我开始怀念阿拉伯语。
I missed looking at the letters, digesting their meaning. 我怀念看着那些字母, 揣摩它们的含义。
digesting:n.蒸煮;v.消化;吸收;接受,领会(digest的现在分词);
So one day, I walked into one of the biggest libraries in Italy in search of an Arabic book. 于是有一天,我走进了意大利 最大的一座图书馆, 找寻阿拉伯语书籍。
I was surprised to find that this is what they had under the category of "Arabic/Middle Eastern books." 我惊讶的发现,这是他们在 “阿拉伯/中东书籍”分类下的藏书。
category:n.种类,分类;[数]范畴; Eastern:adj.东方的;向东的;东部的;东方国家的;n.东方人;东正教信徒;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Fear, terrorism and destruction . 恐惧、恐怖主义,以及破坏。
terrorism:n.恐怖主义; destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁;
One word: ISIS. 一个词:ISIS。
My heart ached that this is how we are portrayed to the world, even from a literary perspective . 我不禁心痛, 这就是我们如何被呈献给世界的, 甚至是从文学的角度。
portrayed:v.描绘;描画;描写;表现;扮演(某角色)(portray的过去分词和过去式) literary:adj.文学的;书面的;精通文学的; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
I asked myself: Whatever happened to the world-renowned writers like Naguib Mahfouz, Khalil Gibran, iconic poets like Mutanabbi, Nizar Qabbani? 我不禁自问:那些闻名世界的作家, 像是Naguib Mahfouz,Khalil Gibran, 以及着名诗人,比如Mutanabbi, Nizar Qabbani,他们身上发生了什么？
world-renowned:adj.世界知名的; iconic:adj.图标的,形象的;
Think about this. 想想吧。
The cultural products of an entire region of the world, as rich, as diverse , have been deemed redundant , if not ignored altogether. 世界上一整个地区丰富,多样的 文化产物, 正在被视为文明的冗余, 几乎沦落到了被忽视的境地。
diverse:adj.不同的;多种多样的;变化多的; deemed:v.认为;视为;相信;(deem的过去分词和过去式) redundant:adj.多余的,过剩的;被解雇的,失业的;冗长的,累赘的; ignored:v.忽视;对…不予理会;佯装未见;不予理睬;(ignore的过去分词和过去式)
The cultural products of an entire region of the world have been barred from imparting any kind of real impact on global media productions and contemporary social discourse . 世界上一整个地区的文化产物 无法对世界媒体以及 当代社会的走向 形成任何实质影响。
imparting:v.把…分给;告知(impart的现在分词); impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; contemporary:n.同时代的人;同时期的东西;adj.当代的;同时代的;属于同一时期的; discourse:n.论述;谈话;演讲;vi.演说;谈论;讲述;vt.说出;演奏出;
And then I reminded myself of my number one belief: design can change the world. 然后我回想起我的第一信念: 设计可以改变世界。
reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式)
All you need is for someone to catch a glimpse of your work, feel, connect. 只需要让人们看到你的设计, 感受并建立联系。
catch a glimpse of:瞥见;看一看;看见;瞥一眼;
And so I started. 所以我开始行动。
I thought about how can I stop the world from seeing us as evil , as terrorists of this planet, and start perceiving us as equals, fellow humans? 我思考着如何才能阻止世界 将我们与恶魔划等号, 将我们等同于这个星球上的恐怖分子; 取而代之的是,开始将 我们视为平等的存在, 视为人类同胞。
evil:adj.邪恶的;不幸的;有害的;讨厌的;n.罪恶,邪恶;不幸; perceiving:v.注意到;意识到;将…理解为;认为;(perceive的现在分词)
How can I save and honor the Arabic script and share it with other people, other cultures? 我怎么才能拯救阿拉伯语, 并将它分享给其他人,其他文化？
And then it hit me: 然后我想到了:
What if I combined the two most significant symbols of innocence and Arab identity ? 如果我将两个最重要的 纯洁象征以及阿拉伯身份 结合起来会怎么样？
What if:如果…怎么办? significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; symbols:n.符号;象征;标志;符号表(symbol的复数); innocence:n.清白,无罪;天真无邪; identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
Maybe then people could resonate . 或许那样,人们就会有所共鸣。
resonate:vt.共鸣;共振;vi.共鸣;共振;
What's more pure, innocent and fun as LEGO ? 还有什么比乐高更纯洁和有趣呢？
innocent:adj.无辜的;无罪的;无知的;n.天真的人;笨蛋; LEGO:n.乐高积木(商标名);
It's a universal child's toy. 这是世界性的儿童玩具。
universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;
You play with them, you build with them, and with them, you imagine endless possibilities. 人人都玩乐高,搭乐高, 有了乐高,就有无限的可能性。
endless:adj.无止境的;连续的;环状的;漫无目的的;
My eureka moment was to find a bilingual solution for Arabic education, because effective communication and education is the road to more tolerant communities . 灵光乍现时,我想到要寻找 阿拉伯教学的双语方案, 因为有效的沟通和教育 能够带给我们更加包容的社区。
eureka:int.有了！;找到了！; bilingual:adj.双语的;n.通两种语言的人; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; tolerant:adj.宽容的;容忍的;有耐药力的; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
However, the Arabic and Latin scripts do not only represent different worlds but also create technical difficulties for both Eastern and Western communities on a daily basis. 但是,阿拉伯语以及拉丁语 不仅仅代表了不同的世界, 而且时刻都在为东方和西方的群体 设置技术性障碍。
Latin:adj.拉丁语的;用拉丁语写成的;n.拉丁语; scripts:n.原稿,手稿(script的复数形式); represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的;
There are so many reasons why Arabic and Latin are different, but here are some of the main ones. 为何阿拉伯语和拉丁语系 如此不同,有许多原因, 这只是其中主要的一些。
Yes, both use upward and downward strokes , but have completely different baselines . 是的,两者都用了上行和下行的笔锋, 但有着完全不同的基线。
upward:adj.向上的;上升的;adv.向上; downward:adj.下降的;向下的;adv.同"downwards"; strokes:n.中风; v.轻抚; (stroke的第三人称单数和复数) baselines:n.基准线;做基底的线(baseline的复数);
Arabic tends to be more calligraphic and connectivity is important to the Arabic language, whose letters have to be mostly joined in order to articulate a given word. 阿拉伯语更加注重书写, 连接性对这一语言很重要, 字母大都连在一起,以表达某个词语。
calligraphic:adj.书法的;缮写的; connectivity:n.[数]连通性; articulate:vt.清晰地发(音); vi.发音; adj.发音清晰的;
It also uses an entirely different system of punctuation and diacritics . 它还使用了一套截然不同的 停顿和变音符号系统。
punctuation:n.标点;标点符号; diacritics:adj.[医]同"diagnostic"; n.同"diacriticalmark"; (diacritic的复数);
But most importantly, 但最重要的是,
Arabic has no capital letters. 阿拉伯语没有大写字母。
Instead it has four different letter forms: initial , medial , isolated and final. 它有四种不同的字母形式: 首字母、中间字母、尾字母和独立字母。
initial:adj.最初的; n.(名字的)首字母; v.用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于; medial:adj.中间的;平均的;普通的;n.[语]中间字母; isolated:adj.偏远的; v.隔离,孤立,脱离;
I want to introduce the Arabic language to young learners, foreign speakers, but most importantly help refugees integrate to their host societies through creating a bilingual learning system, a two-way flow of communication. 我想将阿拉伯语介绍给 年轻的学习者和外国人, 但更重要的是,通过构建双语学习系统 帮助难民融入他们的接收国, 即建立一种双向的交流。
refugees:n.避难者;逃亡者;难民;(refugee的复数) integrate:v.成为一体;(使)加入;adj.完全的; two-way:adj.双向的;相互的;两路的;
And I called it "Let's Play." 我称之为“Let*s Play” （“一起玩耍”）。
The idea is to simply create a fun and engaging way of learning 其背后的想法是,通过乐高构建 一种有趣且引人入胜的
engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词)
Modern Standard Arabic through LEGO. 学习现代标准阿拉伯语的手段。
Standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的;
These are the two words. "Let's Play." 这就是阿拉伯语中的“Let*s Play”。
Every colored bar marks an Arabic letter. 每个彩色条都表示一个阿拉伯字母。
As you can see, the letter is explained in form, sound and examples of words in function, in addition to the equivalent in Latin. 你可以看到,字母通过形状、声音、 以及在例子中的运用被诠释出来, 还有拉丁语系的翻译。
in addition to:除…之外; equivalent:adj.等价的,相等的;同意义的;n.等价物,相等物;
Together, they form a fun pocket book with the 29 Arabic letters and the four different forms, plus a 400-word dictionary. 这一同组成了一本有趣的口袋书, 其中包括29个阿拉伯字母 以及它们的四种形式, 还有包含四百个词语的字典。
So this is how the page looks like. 页面看上去是这样的。
You have the letter, the transliteration in Latin and the description underneath . 包含字母, 拉丁语种的翻译, 以及下方的解释。
transliteration:n.音译;直译; description:n.说明;形容;描写(文字);类型; underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的;
I'll take you through the process . 下面我来解释一下我是怎么做的。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
So first in my tiny studio in Florence, 一开始我在佛罗伦萨的小单间里,
studio:n.工作室;[广播][电视]演播室;画室;电影制片厂;
I built the letters. 构建了这些字母。
I photographed each letter separately , and then I retouched every letter and chose the correct color background and typefaces to use. 我给每个字母单独拍照, 然后给每个字母润色, 并选择合适的背景颜色, 以及将使用的字体。
separately:adv.分别地;分离地;个别地; retouched:n.润饰;修整部分;vt.润饰;修整;vi.润饰;修整; typefaces:n.字体(typeface的复数);
Ultimately , I created the full letter set, which is 29 letters times four different forms. 最终,我完成了一整套字母, 即29个字母乘上四种不同的形式。
Ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
That's 116 letters build just in one week. 一周之内,我完成了116个字母的设计。
I believe that information should and can be fun, portable . 我相信这种知识应该并且 可以变得有趣,便于携带。
portable:adj.便携式的;手提的;轻便的;n.便携机;(尤指)手提电脑;
This book is the final product, which I would eventually like to publish and translate into as many languages in the world, so that Arabic teaching and learning becomes fun, easy and accessible globally. 这本书就是最后的成品, 我希望最终可以出版, 并可以被翻译成世界上的多种语言, 这样阿拉伯语教学和学习就可以 在全球范围内变得有趣、简单且无障碍。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; publish:v.出版;发表;公布; translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的;
With this book, I hope to save my nation's beautiful script. 通过这本书,我希望能够 拯救祖国的美丽文字。
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you. 谢谢。
Working on this project was a form of visual meditation , like a Sufi dance, a prayer to a better planet. 完成这个项目的过程 是一种视觉冥想, 就如苏菲舞, 是对更好的世界的祈祷。
meditation:n.冥想;沉思,深思;
One set of building blocks made two languages. 一组基石成就了两种语言。
building blocks:(儿童玩的)积木;建筑砌块;堆积木;建筑砖块;基石;
LEGO is just a metaphor . 乐高只是一个象征。
metaphor:n.暗喻,隐喻;比喻说法;
It's because we are all made of the same building unit, is that I can see a future where the barriers between people all come tumbling down. 这是因为你我生来本无差异, 我能看到这样一个未来, 存在于人与人之间的障碍 最终都将倒塌。
barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式); tumbling:v.(使)跌倒;倒塌;(价格或数量)暴跌;(tumble的现在分词)
So no matter how ugly the world around us gets, or how many discouraging books on ISIS, the terrorist group, and not Isis, the ancient Egyptian goddess, continue to be published, 无论我们周围的世界 变得有多么的肮脏, 或是充斥着令人沮丧的 恐怖组织ISIS相关的书籍, 而与埃及女神伊西斯（Isis）有关的传说, 却无法持续被出版。
ugly:adj.丑陋的;邪恶的;令人厌恶的; discouraging:adj.使人沮丧的;阻止的;v.使灰心;阻止;劝阻;(discourage的现在分词)
I will keep building one colorful world. 我仍会继续构建一个多彩的世界。
Shukran, which means "thank you." Shukran,意思是“谢谢”。
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you. Thank you so much. 谢谢。非常感谢。
Thank you. 谢谢。