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GeorgeMonbiot_2019T-_创造能够改变一切的新政治故事_-
Do you feel trapped in a broken economic model? 你有感到自己陷在 一个破碎的经济模型里吗？
trapped:adj.受困的;受限制的;v.使落入险境;使陷入困境;(trap的过去分词和过去式) economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的;
A model that's trashing the living world and threatens the lives of our descendants ? 一个毁灭现实世界, 并威胁子孙后代的模型？
trashing:v.损坏;毁坏;抨击;谴责;丢弃;(trash的现在分词) descendants:n.后裔;后代;子孙;派生物;(descendant的复数)
A model that excludes billions of people while making a handful unimaginably rich? 这个模型把数亿人排除在外, 同时只让少数人 获得难以想象的财富。
excludes:v.不包括; (exclude的第三人称单数) unimaginably:adv.不能想像地;难以理解地;
That sorts us into winners and losers , and then blames the losers for their misfortune ? 它把我们分为赢家和输家, 然后指责输家运气不好。
losers:n.输者,败者:(loser的复数) misfortune:n.不幸;灾祸,灾难;
Welcome to neoliberalism , the zombie doctrine that never seems to die, however comprehensively it is discredited . 欢迎来到新自由主义, 这个僵尸学说似乎从没消失过, 然而这是完全不可信的。
neoliberalism:n.新自由主义;新自由主义经济学派; zombie:n.行尸走肉;蛇神;木讷呆板的人; doctrine:n.主义;学说;教义;信条; comprehensively:adv.包括地;包括一切地; discredited:adj.不足信的; v.败坏(或破坏)…的名声;
Now you might have imagined that the financial crisis of 2008 would have led to the collapse of neoliberalism. 你可能想象过 2008 年的金融危机 会导致新自由主义的垮台。
financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; collapse:vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌;vt.使倒塌,使崩溃;使萎陷;折叠;n.倒塌;失败;衰竭;
After all, it exposed its central features, which were deregulating business and finance , tearing down public protections, throwing us into extreme competition with each other, as, well, just a little bit flawed . 毕竟,它暴露了它的核心特征, 即商业和金融的去管制化, 撕碎公众保障, 把我们丢到彼此极端竞争的环境中, 却轻描淡写地说, 只是有点瑕疵罢了。
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) deregulating:v.解除管制;撤销对…的管制规定;(deregulating是deregulate的现在分词) finance:n.财政,财政学;金融;v.负担经费,供给…经费; extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物; competition:n.竞争;比赛,竞赛; flawed:adj.有缺陷的;有瑕疵的;有裂纹的;
And intellectually , it did collapse. 就理智上来说,它确实崩溃了,
intellectually:adv.智力上;理智地;知性上;
But still, it dominates our lives. 但仍旧主导着我们的生活。
dominates:v.支配;控制;左右;影响;(dominate的第三人称单数)
Why? 为什么？
Well, I believe the answer is that we have not yet produced a new story with which to replace it. 我认为答案在于我们还没有创造出 用来替代它的新故事。
Stories are the means by which we navigate the world. 故事是我们驾驭世界的方式。
navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
They allow us to interpret its complex and contradictory signals. 它让我们可以解释其中 复杂和矛盾的信号。
interpret:v.诠释;说明;口译;把…理解为; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; contradictory:adj.矛盾的;反对的;反驳的;抗辩的;n.对立物;矛盾因素;
When we want to make sense of something, the sense we seek is not scientific sense but narrative fidelity . 当我们想让事情感觉合理时, 我们寻找的这种感觉不是科学意义上的, 而是叙事的忠实性。
make sense of:搞清…的意思; seek:v.寻求;寻找;谋求; scientific:adj.科学的,系统的; narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述;adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的; fidelity:n.保真度;忠诚;精确;尽责;
Does what we are hearing reflect the way that we expect humans and the world to behave ? 我们听到的是不是反映出 我们所期望的 人们和世界的行为方式？
reflect:v.反映;映出(影像);反射;表明,表达; behave:v.表现;(机器等)运转;举止端正;(事物)起某种作用;
Does it hang together ? 是否紧密关联？
hang together:符合,一致;同心协力;结合在一起;
Does it progress as a story should progress? 它是否 有像故事一样的进展？
Now, we are creatures of narrative, and a string of facts and figures, however important facts and figures are -- and, you know, I'm an empiricist , I believe in facts and figures -- but those facts and figures have no power to displace a persuasive story. 我们都是会讲故事的生物、 且重视一系列的事实和数据的生物, 然而事实和数据—— 我是个经验主义者, 我相信事实和数字—— 但这些事实和数据无法替代 一个有说服力的故事。
creatures:n.生物;动物;(具有某种特征的)人(creature的复数) string:n.字符串; v.悬挂; adj.由弦乐器组成的; empiricist:n.经验主义者;使用观察实验法的人;庸医; displace:vt.取代;置换;转移;把…免职;排水; persuasive:adj.有说服力的;劝诱的,劝说的;
The only thing that can replace a story is a story. 唯一能取代一个故事的 是另一个故事。
You cannot take away someone's story without giving them a new one. 如果你没能用新的故事替代, 那么你就无法夺走别人的故事。
And it's not just stories in general that we are attuned to, but particular narrative structures . 我们所熟悉的并非只是普通的故事, 而是有特定叙事结构的故事。
in general:总之,通常;一般而言; attuned:adj.熟悉; v.使协调; (attune的过去分词和过去式) structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式);
There are a number of basic plots that we use again and again , and in politics there is one basic plot which turns out to be tremendously powerful, and I call this "the restoration story." 有很多我们使用了 一次又一次的基本情节, 在政治中,有一个 基本的情节非常强大, 我称之为 “修复的故事”。
plots:n.情节; v.划分; again and again:adv.再三地,反复地; politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数) tremendously:adv.非常地;可怕地;惊人地; restoration:n.恢复;复位;王政复辟;归还;
It goes as follows. 套路如下。
Disorder afflicts the land, caused by powerful and nefarious forces working against the interests of humanity . 混乱折磨着大地, 是由那危害着人类利益的 强大而邪恶的力量造成的。
Disorder:n.混乱;骚乱;vt.使失调;扰乱; afflicts:vt.折磨;使痛苦;使苦恼; nefarious:adj.邪恶的;穷凶极恶的;不法的; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
But the hero will revolt against this disorder, fight those powerful forces, against the odds overthrow them and restore harmony to the land. 但是,英雄将反抗这种混乱, 与那些强大的力量战斗, 冲破万难推翻它, 恢复大地的和谐。
revolt:v.反抗;叛逆;违抗;使惊骇;n.叛乱;起义;违抗; odds:n.几率;胜算;不平等;差别; overthrow:n.推翻;倾覆;瓦解;vt.推翻;打倒;倾覆; restore:v.恢复;修复;恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原; harmony:n.协调;和睦;融洽;调和;
You've heard this story before. 你以前听过这样的故事。
It's the Bible story. 这是圣经故事。
Bible:n.有权威的书;
It's the "Harry Potter" story. 这是哈利波特故事。
It's the " Lord of the Rings" story. 这是指环王故事。
Lord:n.(英国)贵族,大人,大臣;v.使成贵族;作威作福;
It's the " Narnia " story. 这是纳尼亚传奇故事。
Narnia:纳尼亚传奇(电影名);
But it's also the story that has accompanied almost every political and religious transformation going back millennia . 但这种故事 几千年来几乎伴随着每一次 政治和宗教变革。
accompanied:v.陪同;陪伴;与…同时发生;为…伴奏;(accompany的过去式和过去分词) religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑; transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革; millennia:n.千年期(millennium的复数);一千年;千年庆典;太平盛世;
In fact, we could go as far as to say that without a powerful new restoration story, a political and religious transformation might not be able to happen. 事实上,我们可以说, 如果没有强有力的新修复故事, 一场政治和宗教改革 可能不会发生。
as far as:至于…;
It's that important. 它就是那么重要。
After laissez-faire economics triggered the Great Depression , 在自由放任经济引发大萧条之后,
laissez-faire:n.放任政策;不干涉主义;adj.自由放任的;放任主义的; triggered:v.发动;引起;触发;开动;起动;(trigger的过去分词和过去式) Depression:n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁;
John Maynard Keynes sat down to write a new economics, and what he did was to tell a restoration story, and it went something like this. 约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯 写了一本新经济学, 并且他的做法是 讲一个关于修复的故事, 大概是这样写的:
Disorder afflicts the land! 混乱折磨着大地,
(Laughter) （笑声）
Caused by the powerful and nefarious forces of the economic elite , which have captured the world's wealth . 是由掌握世界财富的强大而邪恶 的经济精英力量造成的。
elite:n.精英;精华;杰出人物; captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词) wealth:n.财富;大量;富有;
But the hero of the story, the enabling state, supported by working class and middle class people, will contest that disorder, will fight those powerful forces by redistributing wealth, and through spending public money on public goods will generate income and jobs, restoring harmony to the land. 但故事的英雄, 在工人阶级和中产阶级 赋权下的这个国家 将对抗这种混乱, 将会通过重新分配财富 打压这些强势力量, 并且通过把公共资金 花在公共产品上 来产生收入和工作机会, 恢复大地的和谐。
enabling:adj.授权的;v.使能够;授权给(enable的现在分词); working class:adj.工人阶级的;劳动阶级的; middle class:adj.中产阶级的;中层社会的; redistributing:n.重新分配;v.再分配;重新分布(redistribute的ing形式); generate:v.产生;引起; restoring:adj.恢复的;v.恢复,重建;正在恢复;(restore的现在分词);
Now like all good restoration stories, this one resonated across the political spectrum . 当时就如所有讲得好的修复故事, 这个故事在整个政界引起了共鸣,
resonated:vt.共鸣;共振;vi.共鸣;共振; spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
Democrats and Republicans , labor and conservatives , left and right all became, broadly , Keynesian . 民主党和共和党,工党和保守党, 左派和右派都变成了凯恩斯主义者。
Democrats:n.民主党员(democrat的复数);民主主义者; Republicans:n.共和党,共和党员;(republican的复数形式) conservatives:n.保守党,保守派; broadly:adv.明显地;宽广地;概括地;露骨地;粗鄙地; Keynesian:adj.凯恩斯理论的;符合凯恩斯理论的;n.凯恩斯主义者;
Then, when Keynesianism ran into trouble in the 1970s, the neoliberals , people like Friedrich Hayek and Milton Friedman, came forward with their new restoration story, and it went something like this. 然后,当凯恩斯主义在 1970 年代 陷入困境时, 新自由主义者,比如弗里德里希·哈耶克 和米尔顿·弗里德曼, 出来提出他们新的修复故事, 它大概是这样讲的。
neoliberals:新自由主义者;新自由主义派;新自由派;
You'll never guess what's coming. 你们都猜不到是怎么说的。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Disorder afflicts the land! 混乱折磨着大地！
Caused by the powerful and nefarious forces of the overmighty state, whose collectivizing tendencies crush freedom and individualism and opportunity. 是由集权国家的强大和 邪恶势力造成的, 它们的集体化倾向 粉碎了自由、个人主义 和机会。
overmighty:有势力过于强大的; collectivizing:v.使成为共同的; (collectivize的现在分词) tendencies:趋势; crush:v.压碎;弄皱,变形;使…挤入;n.粉碎;迷恋;压榨;拥挤的人群; individualism:n.个人主义;利己主义;个人特征;
But the hero of the story, the entrepreneur , will fight those powerful forces, roll back the state, and through creating wealth and opportunity, restore harmony to the land. 但故事的英雄,企业家, 将会反抗这种强大的力量, 扭转国家的力量, 通过财富和机遇, 恢复大地的和谐。
entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者; roll back:n.重算;重新运行;滚回;反绕;
And that story also resonated across the political spectrum. 这个故事也引起了整个政界的共鸣。
Republicans and Democrats, conservatives and labor, they all became, broadly, neoliberal. 共和党和民主党,保守党和工党, 总的来说,他们都变成了 新自由主义者。
Opposite stories with an identical narrative structure. 具有相同叙事结构 的对立故事。
identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物;
Then, in 2008, the neoliberal story fell apart, and its opponents came forward with ... 然后,在 2008 年, 新自由主义的故事分崩离析, 它的对手提出了……
opponents:n.对手(opponent的复数形式);
nothing. 啥都没有。
No new restoration story! 没有新的修复故事！
The best they had to offer was a watered-down neoliberalism or a microwaved Keynesianism. 他们所能提供的最好的东西 是淡化的新自由主义 或微波式的凯恩斯主义。
watered-down:adj.打折扣的;用水冲淡的; microwaved:n.微波;
And that is why we're stuck. 所以我们陷入了困境。
Without that new story, we are stuck with the old failed story that keeps on failing. 没有那个新的故事, 我们困在那老旧不堪的、 不断失败的故事中。
Despair is the state we fall into when our imagination fails. 当我们的想象失败时, 我们陷入了绝望的状态。
Despair:v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心;n.绝望; imagination:n.想象;想象力;创造力;想象的事物;
When we have no story that explains the present and describes the future, hope evaporates . 当我们没有故事来解释现状 和描述未来时, 希望蒸发了。
describes:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;(describe的第三人称单数) evaporates:n.蒸发岩;蒸发盐;v.蒸发;消失;衰退(evaporate的三单形式);
Political failure is at heart a failure of imagination. 政治失败的本质, 是想象力的失败。
Without a restoration story that can tell us where we need to go, nothing is going to change, but with such a restoration story, almost everything can change. 没有新的修复故事 告诉我们需要去往何处, 什么事情都不会发生, 但有这么一个修复故事, 几乎任何事情都可以改变。
The story we need to tell is a story which will appeal to as wide a range of people as possible, crossing political fault lines. 我们需要讲的故事 需要吸引尽可能多的人, 跨越不同的政治断层。
appeal:n.上诉;吸引力;申诉;魅力;v.上诉;呼吁;申诉;恳求;
It should resonate with deep needs and desires. 它应该与深层需求和欲望共鸣。
It should be simple and intelligible , and it should be grounded in reality. 它应该简单易懂, 并且它应该根植于现实。
intelligible:adj.可理解的;明了的;仅能用智力了解的;
Now, I admit that all of this sounds like a bit of a tall order . 我承认这听起来要求有点高。
a tall order:苛求;艰巨的任务;过高要求;
But I believe that in Western nations, there is actually a story like this waiting to be told. 但我相信在西方世界, 确实存在这样一个故事, 等待被讲述。
Over the past few years, there's been a fascinating convergence of findings in several different sciences, in psychology and anthropology and neuroscience and evolutionary biology , and they all tell us something pretty amazing: that human beings have got this massive capacity for altruism . 在过去几年中, 在心理学、人类学、 神经科学和进化生物学 等几个不同的科学领域中, 有许多让人着迷的研究, 并且它们都告诉了我们一些 非常神奇的事情: 人类有这种巨大的利他主义。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词) convergence:n.[数]收敛;会聚,集合; findings:n.调查发现;判决;裁决;(finding的复数) psychology:n.心理学;心理状态; anthropology:n.人类学;人类学家; neuroscience:n.神经系统科学(指神经病学,神经化学等); evolutionary:adj.进化的;发展的;渐进的; biology:n.(一个地区全部的)生物;生物学; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力; altruism:n.利他;利他主义;
Sure, we all have a bit of selfishness and greed inside us, but in most people, those are not our dominant values. 没错,我们内心都有些自私和贪婪, 但对大多数人来说, 这些都不是我们的主流价值。
selfishness:n.自私自利;自我中心;任性; greed:n.贪婪,贪心; dominant:adj.显性的;占优势的;支配的,统治的;n.显性;
And we also turn out to be the supreme cooperators . 我们也是最优秀的合作者。
supreme:adj.最高的;至高的;最重要的;n.至高;霸权; cooperators:n.合作伙伴(cooperator的复数);协办单位;
We survived the African savannas , despite being weaker and slower than our predators and most of our prey , by an amazing ability to engage in mutual aid, 我们在非洲大草原上幸存下来, 尽管我们比我们的捕食者 和大多数猎物都更弱更慢, 但我们拥有惊人的相互帮助的能力,
savannas:n.热带稀树草原(savanna的复数); despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; predators:n.捕食性动物;实行弱肉强食的人(或机构);掠夺者;(predator的复数) prey:n.猎物;受害者;受骗者;v.折磨;掠夺;捕食(on,upon);损害(on,upon); engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; mutual:adj.共同的;相互的,彼此的;
and that urge to cooperate has been hardwired into our minds through natural selection . 这种合作的欲望通过自然选择 已经深深的烙印在 在我们的大脑中。
cooperate:v.合作;配合;协作;结合; hardwired:adj.电路的; natural selection:n.自然选择;物竞天择;
These are the central, crucial facts about humankind : our amazing altruism and cooperation . 这些是关于人类的核心,关键的事实: 我们惊人的利他主义和合作精神。
crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的; humankind:n.人类(总称); cooperation:n.合作;配合;
But something has gone horribly wrong. 但有些地方出了严重的问题。
horribly:adv.可怕地;让人吃惊
Disorder afflicts the land. 混乱折磨着大地。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Our good nature has been thwarted by several forces, but I think the most powerful of them is the dominant political narrative of our times, which tells us that we should live in extreme individualism and competition with each other. 我们的良性本能受到了 几股力量的阻挠, 但我认为其中最强大的是 我们这个时代占主导地位 的政治叙事, 它告诉我们,我们应该 带着极端个人主义, 并彼此竞争。
good nature:n.善良的品性;和善的本性;温和的性情; thwarted:v.阻止;阻挠;对…构成阻力;(thwart的过去分词和过去式)
It pushes us to fight each other, to fear and mistrust each other. 它推动我们相互斗争, 相互恐惧和互不信任。
mistrust:vt.猜疑;不信任;n.猜疑;疑虑;不信任
It atomizes society. 它把社会分裂得支离破碎,
atomizes:v.使化为原子; (atomize的第三人称单数)
It weakens the social bonds that make our lives worth living. 削弱了使我们的生活 有价值的社会纽带。
weakens:vt.减少;使变弱;使变淡;vi.变弱;畏缩;变软弱;
And into that vacuum grow these violent , intolerant forces. 在这个真空中, 这些暴力、不宽容的力量恣意增长。
vacuum:n.真空; adj.真空的; v.用真空吸尘器清扫; violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; intolerant:adj.无法忍受的;偏狭的;
We are a society of altruists , but we are governed by psychopaths . 我们是一个充满利他主义者的社会, 但我们被精神变态者统治着。
altruists:n.爱他主义者;利他主义者; psychopaths:n.心理病态性格;精神病者(psychopath的复数);
(Applause) （鼓掌）
But it doesn't have to be like this. 但事情不一定非得这样。
It really doesn't, because we have this incredible capacity for togetherness and belonging, and by invoking that capacity, we can recover those amazing components of our humanity: our altruism and cooperation. 它真不该这样, 因为我们拥有团结 和归属的惊人能力, 通过调用这种能力, 我们可以找回人性中 那些惊人的能力: 我们的利他主义和协作精神。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; togetherness:n.相聚,家庭聚会;团结精神;归属感; invoking:v.援引,援用;提及,援引;提出;(invoke的现在分词) components:n.部件;组件;成份(component复数);
Where there is atomization , we can build a thriving civic life with a rich participatory culture. 在出现分裂的地方,我们 可以用丰富的参与性文化 建设繁荣的公民生活。
atomization:n.雾化,[分化]原子化; thriving:v.兴旺发达;繁荣;旺盛;茁壮成长;(thrive的现在分词) civic:adj.市的;公民的,市民的; participatory:adj.供人分享的;吸引参与的;
Where we find ourselves crushed between market and state, we can build an economics that respects both people and planet. 在那些我们发现自己被市场和 国家压得喘不过气来的地方, 我们可以建设一个尊重 人类和地球的经济。
crushed:v.压坏;压伤;挤压变形;(crush的过去分词和过去式)
And we can create this economics around that great neglected sphere , the commons. 我们可以围绕这个 被忽视的领域——公地, 来创造出这种经济。
neglected:adj.被忽略的; v.忽略; (neglect的过去分词和过去式) sphere:n.球;领域;球体;球形;v.使成球形;包围;把…放在球内;使处于天体之间;
The commons is neither market nor state, capitalism nor communism , but it consists of three main elements : a particular resource; a particular community that manages that resource; and the rules and negotiations the community develops to manage it. 公地不是市场也不是国家, 不是资本主义也不是共产主义, 但它包括三个主要元素: 一种特殊的资源; 一个管理这种资源的特殊社群; 以及社群为管理它而制定 的规则和谈判方法。
capitalism:n.资本主义; communism:n.共产主义; consists:v.由…构成;由…组成(consist的三单形式); elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; negotiations:n.谈判(negotiation的复数);磋商;
Think of community broadband or community energy cooperatives or the shared land for growing fruit and vegetables that in Britain we call allotments . 想想在英国我们称之为配额的 宽带或社区能源合作社, 或者种植水果和蔬菜的共享土地。
broadband:n.宽频;宽波段;adj.宽频带的;宽波段的;宽频通讯的; cooperatives:n.[农经]合作社;合作企业;福利社(cooperative的复数); allotments:n.分配;命运;配给的土地(allotment的复数);
A common can't be sold, it can't be given away, and its benefits are shared equally among the members of the community. 公地不能买卖,也不能送人, 并且它的收益要 在社群成员间平等共享。
Where we have been ignored and exploited , we can revive our politics. 在我们被忽视和剥削的地方, 我们可以重振我们的政治。
ignored:v.忽视;对…不予理会;佯装未见;不予理睬;(ignore的过去分词和过去式) exploited:v.剥削;压榨;运用;利用;发挥(exploit的过去分词和过去式) revive:vi.复兴;复活;苏醒;恢复精神;vt.使复兴;使苏醒;回想起;重演,重播;
We can recover democracy from the people who have captured it. 我们可以从捕获它的人 那里恢复民主。
democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治;
We can use new rules and methods of elections to ensure that financial power never trumps democratic power again. 我们可以使用选举的新规则和方法 去确保金融权利 不会再次超过民主权利。
ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全; trumps:n.王牌; v.出王牌赢(牌); (trump的第三人称单数和复数) democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的;
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Representative democracy should be tempered by participatory democracy so that we can refine our political choices, and that choice should be exercised as much as possible at the local level. 代议制民主应当通过 参与式民主加以调和, 以便我们能够完善我们的政治选择, 并且选择应该更多地由地方级做出。
Representative:n.代表; adj.典型的; tempered:adj.缓和的,温和的;调节的;有…气质的;v.调和(temper的过去分词); refine:v.精炼;改进;改善;提纯;
If something can be decided locally , it shouldn't be determined nationally . 如果事情能在本地解决, 它就不应该在国家层面上解决。
locally:adv.在本地;局部地;在地方上; determined:adj.决定了的:v.决定;(determine的过去分词和过去式) nationally:adv.全国性地;以国民立场地;举国一致地;
And I call all this the politics of belonging. 我把这些全叫做归属政治。
Now, I think this has got the potential to appeal across quite a wide range of people, and the reason for this is that among the very few values that both left and right share are belonging and community. 我认为这相当有潜力能吸引 很多的人们, 其原因在于在左派和右派 所共有的少数价值观中 有归属感和社群感。
potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
And we might mean slightly different things by them, but at least we start with some language in common. 我们的意思可能有点不一样, 但至少我们开始用共同的语言。
slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
In fact, you can see a lot of politics as being a search for belonging. 事实上,你可以看到很多 政治是在寻找归属感。
Even fascists seek community, albeit a frighteningly homogenous community where everyone looks the same and wears the same uniform and chants the same slogans . 即便是法西斯主义也寻找社群。 尽管是一个令人感到恐惧的社群, 每个人的样子和衣着都统一, 并喊着类似的口号。
fascists:法西斯主义的支持者(Fascist的名词复数); albeit:conj.虽然;即使; frighteningly:adv.令人恐惧地; homogenous:adj.[生物]同质的;同类的; uniform:adj.统一的;一致的;相同的;始终如一的;n.制服;v.使穿制服;使成一样; chants:吟唱,颂扬(chant的第三人称单数) slogans:n.口号(slogan复数);
What we need to create is a community based on bridging networks, not bonding networks. 我们需要建立的是 一个基于桥接网络的社群, 而非键合网络。
Now a bonding network brings together people from a homogenous group, whereas a bridging network brings together people from different groups. 当今一个键合网络 把同质的人组织在一起, 而一个桥接的网络则 把不同的群体带到一起。
whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之;
And my belief is that if we create sufficiently rich and vibrant bridging communities , we can thwart the urge for people to burrow into the security of a homogenous bonding community defending themselves against the other. 我的信念是如果我们建立 足够丰富和充满活力的桥接网络, 就可以阻止人们钻入同一个 团结社区的安全洞中, 保护自己反对他人的冲动。
sufficiently:adv.充分地;足够地; vibrant:adj.振动的;充满生气的;响亮的;战栗的; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) burrow:n.地洞,洞穴v.挖掘;穴居;潜伏;
So in summary , our new story could go something like this. 所以总的来说, 我们的新故事可能是这样。
summary:adj.简易的;扼要的;n.概要,摘要,总结;
Disorder afflicts the land! 混乱折磨着大地！
(Laughter) （笑声）
Caused by the powerful and nefarious forces of people who say there's no such thing as society, who tell us that our highest purpose in life is to fight like stray dogs over a dustbin . 是由那些说不存在社会这东西 的强大而邪恶的力量导致的, 他们告诉我们说我们最高人生目标 要像垃圾堆的流浪狗一样去战斗。
stray:v.迷路; adj.走失的; n.走失的宠物(或家畜); dustbin:n.垃圾箱;吃货;
But the heroes of the story, us, we'll revolt against this disorder. 但故事中的英雄,我们, 我们将反抗这种混乱。
We will fight those nefarious forces by building rich, engaging , inclusive and generous communities, and, in doing so, we will restore harmony to the land. 我们将通过建设丰富、 参与、包容和慷慨的社群 来打击这些邪恶势力, 因此, 我们将恢复大地的和谐。
engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词) inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; generous:adj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的;
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Now whether or not you feel this is the right story, 不管你是否觉得这是个好故事,
whether or not:是否…;
I hope you'll agree that we need one. 我希望你会认同 我们需要这样一种思考。
We need a new restoration story, which is going to guide us out of the mess we're in, which tells us why we're in the mess and tells us how to get out of that mess. 我需要个新的关于修复的故事, 这将会指引我们摆脱 所深陷的困境, 它告诉我们为什么会陷入困境 以及如何摆脱困境。
mess:n.混乱;餐厅;杂乱;肮脏;v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱;随地便溺;
And that story, if we tell it right, will infect the minds of people across the political spectrum. 这个故事,如果我们讲述得当, 将会影响整个政界的人。
infect:v.传染;使携带病菌;使感染(计算机病毒);
Our task is to tell the story that lights the path to a better world. 我们的任务是讲述能够照亮 通向更美好世界之路的故事。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （鼓掌）