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GeorgeDyson_2002-_乔治_戴森介绍猎户座计划_
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| I'm a historian. |
我是一个历史学家。 |
| Steve told us about the future of little technology . |
史蒂夫讲了一些未来的小科技。 |
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technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| I'm going to show you some of the past of big technology. |
我要讲的是过去的大科技。 |
| This was a project to build a 4,000-ton nuclear bomb-propelled spaceship to go to Saturn and Jupiter . |
这就是,飞往土星和木星的4000吨级原子弹推进宇宙飞船。 这就是,飞往土星和木星的4000吨级原子弹推进宇宙飞船。 |
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nuclear:adj.原子能的;[细胞]细胞核的;中心的;原子核的; Saturn:n.[天]土星;农业之神(罗马神话中的一个形象); Jupiter:n.[天]木星;朱庇特(罗马神话中的宙斯神);
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| This took place in my childhood -- 1957 to '65. |
这还是我小时候的事儿呢 -- 大约1957年到1965年 |
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childhood:n.童年;幼年;孩童时期
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| It was deeply classified . |
这是高度机密。 |
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classified:adj.机密的; v.将…分类; (classify的过去分词和过去式)
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| I'm going to show you some stuff that not only has not been declassified , but has now been reclassified . |
我要讲的不仅没有解密, 而且还要再次保密。 |
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stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: declassified:解密的; reclassified:v.将…重新分类;将…重新归类;(reclassify的过去分词和过去式)
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| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| If all goes well, next year I'll be back and I'll have a lot more to show you, and if all doesn't go well, I'll be in jail like Wen Ho Lee. |
如果顺利的话,明年我再来讲更多的东西, 如果不顺利的话,估计我会像李文和一样被关起来了。（见李文和案） |
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jail:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;v.监禁;下狱;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| So this ship was basically the size of the Marriott Hotel, a little taller and a little bigger. |
飞船和万豪酒店差不多大, 稍高点,稍大点。 |
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basically:adv.主要地,基本上; Marriott:n.马里奥特(美国第二大宴会承包商);
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| And one of the people that worked on it, in the beginning, was my father, Freeman -- there in the middle. |
从一开始就参与其中的人 就是我爸,弗利曼 -- 照片中间那个人。（弗里曼·戴森 Freeman Dyson,美籍英裔数学物理学家） |
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Freeman:n.自由民;享有市民权的人;荣誉市民;
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| That's me and my sister, Esther, who's a frequent TED ... |
这是我和我姐姐,Esther,TED的常客...（埃丝特·戴森,其个人净资产1999年统计为500亿美元） |
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frequent:adj.频繁的;经常发生的;v.常到(某处);
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| I didn't like nuclear bomb-propelled spaceships. |
我不喜欢原子弹推进宇宙飞船。 |
| I mean, I thought it was a great idea, so I started building kayaks . |
我是说我认为这是个好主意,所以我开始做皮艇。 |
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kayaks:n.橡皮船(kayak复数);v.划因纽特人独木舟(kayak的第三人称单数形式);
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| So we had a few kayaks. |
我有几艘皮艇。 |
| Just so you know, I'm not Dr. Strangelove. |
我当然不是奇爱博士。（见电影“奇爱博士“ Mein Führer, I can walk. :-) ） |
| But all this time I was out there doing these strange kayak voyages in odd , beautiful parts of this planet, |
不过每次驾驶这些奇怪的皮艇航行在地球上最美丽的地方, 不过每次驾驶这些奇怪的皮艇航行在地球上最美丽的地方, |
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voyages:n.[水运]航海(voyage的复数); v.航行; odd:adj.古怪的;奇数的;n.奇数;
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| I always thought in the back of my mind about Project Orion , and how my father and his friends were going to build these big ships. |
我心里总是想着猎户座计划, 想着我爸和他的朋友打算如何建这些大号飞船。 |
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Orion:n.猎户星座;俄里翁(希腊神话人物);
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| They were really going to go. They were actually going to go. |
他们真的打算星际旅行,而且确实计划去。 |
| Ted Taylor, who led the project, was going to take his children. |
项目带头人,泰德·泰勒,打算带上他的孩子。 |
| My father was not going to take his children. |
我爸没想带他的孩子去。 |
| That's one of the reasons we sort of had a falling out for a few years. |
所以这也是有几年,我们之间有点了闹翻的原因。 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| The project began in '57 at General Atomic there. |
计划开于1957年,在通用原子公司（General Atomic）。 |
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Atomic:adj.原子的,原子能的;微粒子的;
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| That's right at the coast at La Jolla. |
就在著名的La Jolla(拉霍亚)海滩。 |
| Look at that central building right in the middle of that picture. |
看照片中间这栋建筑。 |
| That's the 130-foot diameter library. |
直径40多米（130英尺）的图书馆。 |
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diameter:n.直径;对径;放大率;放大倍数;
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| That is exactly the size of the base of the spaceship. |
这大概和那艘飞船的底座差不多大。 |
| So, put that library at the bottom of the ship -- that's how big this thing was going to be. |
可以把飞船安放在图书馆上面 -- 这就是这艘飞船的大概尺寸。 |
| It would take two or three thousand bombs. |
需要用两三千枚核弹。 |
| The people who worked on it were a lot of Los Alamos people who had done the hydrogen bomb work. |
研究这个飞船的很多人是在Los Alamos搞氢弹的。 研究这个飞船的很多人是在Los Alamos搞氢弹的。 |
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Alamos:n.偶氮磷; hydrogen bomb:n.氢弹;
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| It was the first project funded by ARPA. |
猎户座计划是ARPA（高级研究计划署）资助的第一个项目。 |
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funded:adj.提供资金的;v.提供资金;积存;提供资金偿付的本息;(fund的过去式);
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| That's the contract , where ARPA gave the first million dollars to get this thing started. |
这是合同,ARPA（高级研究计划署）拿出的第一笔百万美元启动资金。 这是合同,ARPA（高级研究计划署）拿出的第一笔百万美元启动资金。 |
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contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约;
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| '"Spaceship project officially begun. Job waiting for you. Dyson." |
“飞船计划正式启动。 工作在等着你。 戴森” |
| That's July '58. |
这是在1958年7月。 |
| Two days later: the space traveler's manifesto explaining why -- just like we heard yesterday -- why do we need to go into space? |
两天后:这些太空游客的宣言说明了一切 -- 就像我们昨天听到的一样 -- 为什么要去太空？ |
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manifesto:n.宣言;声明;告示;
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| '"Trips to satellites of the outer planets" -- August 20th, 1958. |
“前往带外行星的卫星旅行” -- 1958年8月20日。 |
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outer:adj.外面的,外部的;远离中心的;n.环外命中;
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| These are the statistics of what would be the good places to go and stop. |
这是旅行的目的地和停留地的统计表。 |
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statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数)
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| Some of the sizes of the ships, ranging all the way up to ship mass of 8 million tons. |
各种尺寸的飞船,最大达到8百万吨级。 各种尺寸的飞船,最大达到8百万吨级。 |
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mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集;
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| So that was the outer extreme . |
这是个极端。 |
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extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物;
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| Here was the version two -- 2,000 bombs. |
这是版本二,两千个核弹。 |
| These are five kiloton yield bombs, about the size of small Volkswagens. |
核弹是5千吨当量炸弹,有小型大众汽车大小。 |
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kiloton:n.千吨; yield:n.产量;产出;利润;v.屈服;让步;放弃;提供;
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| It would take 800 to get into orbit . |
要入轨需要8百枚。 |
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orbit:n.轨道;眼眶;势力范围;生活常规;vi.盘旋;绕轨道运行;vt.绕…轨道而行;
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| Here we see a 10,000 ton ship -- will deliver 1,300 tons to Saturn and back. |
这是一万吨级飞船,将运送一千三百吨往来土星。 这是一万吨级飞船,将运送一千三百吨往来土星。 |
| Essentially a five year trip. |
需要五年的旅程。 |
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Essentially:adv.本质上;本来;
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| Possible departure dates: October 1960 to February 1967. |
可能的启程日为:1960年10月到1967年2月。 |
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departure:n.离开;出发;违背;
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| This is trajectories going to Mars . |
这是到火星的轨线。 |
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trajectories:n.轨迹;轨道线(trajectory的复数形式); Mars:n.火星
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| All this was done by hand, with slide rules. |
这些都是用计算尺手算的。 |
| The little Orion ship -- and what it would take to do what Orion does with chemicals , you have a ship the size of the Empire State Building. |
猎户座飞船如果用化学火箭推进的话需要多大,（图中火箭500米高） 猎户座飞船如果用化学火箭推进的话需要多大,（图中火箭500米高） 火箭大小和帝国大厦差不多。 |
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chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数)
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| NASA had no interest. They tried to kill the project. |
NASA不感兴趣,试图砍掉这个项目。 |
| The people who supported it were the Air Force , which meant that it was all secret. |
只有空军支持这个计划,这意味着整个计划都是秘密。 只有空军支持这个计划,这意味着整个计划都是秘密。 |
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Air Force:n.空军;
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| That's why, when you get something declassified, that's what it looks like. |
这就是解密的文件。 这就是解密的文件。 |
| Military weapon versions that were versions that carried hydrogen bombs that could destroy half the planet. |
军事武器版,这个版本的飞船携带 氢弹,可以摧毁半个地球。 |
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Military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
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| There was another version there that sends retaliatory strikes at the Soviet Union -- this was the real secret stuff: how to get directed energy explosions , |
这是另一个版本,可以对苏联实施报复性打击 这是真正的秘密资料:如何实现定向爆炸, |
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retaliatory:adj.报复的; Soviet:adj.苏维埃的;苏联的;n.苏维埃(前苏联的各级代表会议);苏联人; explosions:n.[力]爆炸;爆发(explosion的复数);怒气大作;
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| so you're sending the energy of a nuclear explosion -- not like just a stick of dynamite , but you're directing it at the ship. |
这样不像普通炸药爆炸,核爆炸是定向到飞船的。 这样不像普通炸药爆炸,核爆炸是定向到飞船的。 这样不像普通炸药爆炸,核爆炸是定向到飞船的。 |
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dynamite:n.炸药;具有潜在危险的人(或物);vt.炸毁;adj.极好的;
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| And this is still a very active subject. |
定向爆炸仍然是一个非常活跃的学科。 |
| It's quite dangerous, but I believe it's better to have dangerous things in the open than think you're going to keep them secret. |
相当危险, 不过我想公开危险的东西比隐藏要好一些。 不过我想公开危险的东西比隐藏要好一些。 |
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in the open:在户外;在野外;
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| This is what happened at 600 microseconds . |
这是爆炸6百微秒后。 |
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microseconds:n.微秒(microsecond的复数);
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| The Air Force started to build smaller models and actually started doing this. |
空军方面确实开始建造小版本飞船。 |
| The guys in La Jolla said, "We've got to get started now." |
在La Jolla海滩的家伙说:“我们该启动了。” |
| They built a high-explosive propelled model. |
他们造了一个高爆炸药推进模型。 |
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high-explosive:烈性炸药;高爆炸药;猛炸药; propelled:adj.推进的;v.推动;驱使(propel的过去分词);
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| These are stills from film footage that was saved by someone who was supposed to destroy it but didn't, and kept it in their basement for the last 40 years. |
这是从一些影片上截下来的图片。 这些影片早该销毁,却被某些人藏在地下室40年。 这些影片早该销毁,却被某些人藏在地下室40年。 |
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footage:n.英尺长度;连续镜头;以尺计算长度; supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
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| So, these are three pound charges of C4. |
这是3磅C4炸药。 |
| That's about 10 times what the guy had in his shoes. |
装药量是那家伙装在鞋里的10倍。（可能指 旅游鞋炸弹） |
| This is Ed Day putting -- so each of these coffee cans has three pounds of C4 in it. |
每个咖啡罐里有三磅C4炸药。 |
| They're building a system that ejects these at quarter-second intervals . |
他们造了一个系统每四分之一秒弹出一个。 |
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ejects:vt.喷射;驱逐,逐出; intervals:n.间隔;[声]音程(interval的复数);
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| That's my dad in the sport coat there, holding the briefcase . |
穿休闲装,拎着公文包的就是我爸。 |
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briefcase:n.公文包;手提包;
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| So they had a lot of fun doing this, but no children were allowed. |
可有意思了,不过他们不让小孩掺和。 |
| My dad could tell me that he was building a spaceship and he was going to go to Saturn, but he could not say anything more about it. |
我爸只告诉我,他在造宇宙飞船,准备去土星,没告诉其他的。 我爸只告诉我,他在造宇宙飞船,准备去土星,没告诉其他的。 我爸只告诉我,他在造宇宙飞船,准备去土星,没告诉其他的。 |
| So all my life I have wanted to find this stuff out, and spent the last four years tracking these old guys down. |
所以我一直想搞明白, 花了四年时间追查这些老家伙。 |
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tracking:n.追踪,跟踪;v.跟踪;(track的现在分词)
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| These are stills from the video. |
这些也是视频截图。 |
| Jeff Bezos kindly yesterday said he'll put this video on the Amazon site , some little clip of it. |
昨天Jeff Bezos说他要把这些影片放到Amazon网站上。 昨天Jeff Bezos说他要把这些影片放到Amazon网站上。 |
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Amazon:亚马逊;古希腊女战士; site:n.地点;位置;场所;v.设置;为…选址; clip:v.剪辑;修剪;削减;固定;n.夹;夹子;速度;钳;
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| So, thanks to him. |
非常感谢他。 |
| They got quite serious about the engineering of this. |
他们非常认真的设计飞船。 |
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engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词)
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| The size of that mass, you know, for us is really large technology, in a way we're never going to go back to. |
就飞船大小来说,这绝对是大科技。 我们永远不会再搞。 |
| If you saw the 1959 -- this is what it would feel like in the passenger compartment . |
在1959年,这感觉就像旅客包厢。 |
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passenger:n.旅客;乘客;白吃饭的人;闲散人员; compartment:n.[建]隔间;区划;卧车上的小客房;vt.分隔;划分;
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| That's an acceleration profile . |
这是加速度分布图。 |
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acceleration:n.加速,促进;[物]加速度; profile:n.轮廓;简介;形象;外形;v.扼要介绍;概述;写简介;
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| And pulse system yield. |
脉冲系统当量。 |
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pulse:n.脉冲;脉搏;脉率;强劲的音乐节拍;v.搏动;跳动;震动;洋溢着;
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| We're looking at a 20-kiloton yield for an effect for us of 10 million Newtons . |
2万吨当量相当于一千万牛顿力。 |
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Newtons:n.牛顿(英国科学家);牛顿(力的单位);
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| Well, here we have a little problem: the radiation doses at the crew station -- 700 rads per shot. |
这儿出了小问题:成员辐射剂量 每次700rad（拉德）。 这儿出了小问题:成员辐射剂量 每次700rad（拉德）。 |
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radiation:n.辐射;放射线;放射疗法; doses:v.服药(dose的三单形式);n.[药][核]剂量(dose的复数); rads:abbr.雷达字母和数字显示系统(RadarAlphanumericDisplaySystem);
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| Fission yields during development: they were hoping to get clean bombs. They didn't. |
裂变产额: 他们想找到无污染炸弹,不过没有成功。 |
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Fission:n.裂变;分裂;分体;分裂生殖法; yields:n.生产量,投资效益(yield的复数形式); v.[经]生产;
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| Eye burn -- this is what happens to the people in Miami who are looking up. |
眼部灼伤 -- 迈阿密盯着看的人都倒霉了。 |
| Personnel compartment. Notice, that's not too bad. |
座舱。注意,还不错。 |
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Personnel:n.人事部门;全体人员;adj.人员的;有关人事的;
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| It's very low frequency . It's basically like these subwoofers . |
噪音频率非常低,类似低音炮。 |
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frequency:n.频率;发生率;重复率;频繁; subwoofers:n.低音炮;超低音;次重低扬声器;重低音喇叭;
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| And now we have ground hazard assessments when you have a blow-up on the pad . |
这是地面危害评估 发射台上爆炸。 |
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hazard:n.危害;危险;v.试着提出;大胆猜测;冒…的风险;使处于危险中; assessments:评价; blow-up:n.单相交;发脾气;放大; pad:n.软垫,护垫;便笺本;爪垫;肉掌;v.填充,覆盖,保护;蹑手蹑脚地走;做黑账;
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| Finally , at the very end, in 1964, NASA steps in and says, "OK, we'll support a feasibility study for a small version that could be launched with Saturn Vs in sections and pieced together." |
最终,1964年底,NASA介入 “好吧,我们支持小版本的可行性研究,可以用土星五号火箭分段发射上去。“ “好吧,我们支持小版本的可行性研究,可以用土星五号火箭分段发射上去。“ |
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Finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; feasibility:n.可行性;可能性; launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
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| So this is what NASA did, getting a, you know, eight man version that would go to Mars. |
这是NASA设计的,八人火星旅行版。 这是NASA设计的,八人火星旅行版。 |
| They liked it because the guys could kind of live there -- like living in a submarine . |
他们喜欢这个设计,因为乘员有点像生活在潜艇里。 他们喜欢这个设计,因为乘员有点像生活在潜艇里。 |
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submarine:n.潜艇;adj.水下的;海底的v.用潜艇攻击;驾驶潜艇;
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| This is crew compartment. It switches, so what's upside down is right side up when you go to artificial gravity mode. |
这是乘员舱。颠倒了这样可以顺利进入人工重力模式。 这是乘员舱。颠倒了这样可以顺利进入人工重力模式。 |
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upside down:adj.颠倒的;乱七八糟的; artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的;
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| The scientists were still going to go along, and they would take seven astronauts and seven scientists. |
科学家还打算跟去, 准备搭载7个宇航员7个科学家。 |
| This is a 20 man version for going to Jupiter: bunks , storm cellars , exercise room. |
这是20人木星旅行版。 双层铺位,防风地窖,运动室。 |
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bunks:n.铺位(bunk的复数);v.哄骗(bunk的单数第三人称); cellars:n.地窖;地下室;(cellar的复数)
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| You know, it was going to be a nice long trip. |
应该是不错的长途旅行。 |
| The Air Force version here. We have a military version. |
空军版。军用版本 |
| This is the kind of stuff that's not been declassified, just that people managed to sneak home and after, you know, on their deathbed basically gave me. |
这些是没有解密的资料, 有人私藏回家的,然后临死前交给我的。 有人私藏回家的,然后临死前交给我的。 |
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sneak:v.溜; n.鬼鬼祟祟的人; adj.暗中进行的; deathbed:n.临终之时;临死所卧之床;adj.临终时作的;
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| The sort of an artist's conception -- these are basically PowerPoint presentations given to the Air Force 40 years ago. |
这是艺术家构想图 像Powerpoint幻灯片 40年前演示给空军看的。 |
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conception:n.怀孕;概念;设想;开始; presentations:n.展示;自我介绍;业务陈述(presentation的复数形式);
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| Look at the little guys there, outside the vehicle . |
注意这个小人,在飞船外。 |
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vehicle:n.[车辆]车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物;
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| And one part of NASA was interested, but the headquarters in NASA, they killed the project. |
NASA一部分人感兴趣,但是NASA总部砍掉了这个项目。 NASA一部分人感兴趣,但是NASA总部砍掉了这个项目。 |
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headquarters:n.总部;指挥部;司令部;
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| So, finally, at the end, we can see the thing followed its sort of design path right up to 1965. And then all those paths came to a halt . |
最终 这是截止到1965年设计规划路径。 之后的就都中止了。 |
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halt:v.停止;立定;踌躇,犹豫;n.停止;立定;休息;
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| Results? None. |
结果？ 没有。 |
| This project is hereby terminated . |
项目由此中止。 |
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hereby:adv.以此方式,据此;特此; terminated:v.(使)停止,结束,终止;到达终点站;(terminate的过去式和过去分词)
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| So that's the end. All I can say in closing is, we heard yesterday that one of the 10 bad things that can happen to us is an asteroid with our name on it. |
这就是结局。最后我要说的是, 对我们来说10个坏消息之一是有一颗小行星以我们命名。 对我们来说10个坏消息之一是有一颗小行星以我们命名。 |
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asteroid:n.[天]小行星;[无脊椎]海盘车;小游星;adj.星状的;
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| And one of the bad things that could happen to NASA is if that asteroid shows up with our name on it nine months out, and everybody says, "Well, what are we going to do?" |
对NASA来说坏消息是 以我们名字命名的小行星9个月内撞到我们, 人们会说,“我们该怎么办呀？” |
| And Orion is really one of the only, if not the only, off-the-shelf technologies that could do something. |
猎户座计划即使不是唯一的,也是现成的技术。 猎户座计划即使不是唯一的,也是现成的技术。 |
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off-the-shelf:adj.现成的;常备的;成品的;adv.现成地;无需作重大修改地; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数);
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| So I'm going to tell you the good news and the bad news. |
所以我要告诉大家一个好消息和一个坏消息。 |
| The good news is that NASA has a small, secret contingency plan division that is looking at this, trying to keep knowledge of Orion preserved in the event of such a misfortune . |
好消息是,NASA有一个秘密应急计划部门考虑这些, 好消息是,NASA有一个秘密应急计划部门考虑这些, 尽量保存猎户座计划的知识以应对灾难。 |
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contingency:n.偶然性;[安全]意外事故;可能性;[审计]意外开支; division:n.师;分配;分开;分歧; preserved:v.保护;维护;保留;保存;保养;(preserve的过去式和过去分词) misfortune:n.不幸;灾祸,灾难;
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| Maybe keep a few little bombs of plutonium on the side. |
可能还保存了一些核弹也说不定。 |
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plutonium:n.[化学]钚(94号元素);
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| That's the good news. The bad news is, when I got in contact with these people to try and get some documents from them, they went crazy, because I had all the stuff that they don't have. |
这是好消息。坏消息是, 当我联系这些人要一些资料的时候 当我联系这些人要一些资料的时候 他们很郁闷,因为我的资料比他们还全。 |
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contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系;
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| And NASA purchased 1,759 pages of this stuff from me. |
NASA从我这里买走了1759页的资料。 |
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purchased:v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的过去式和过去分词)
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| So that's the state we're at. It's not -- not very good. |
这就是目前的状况。不太妙。 |
| (Applause) |
（鼓掌） |