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GaryDevore_Pompeii_2020E-_陆遁、水遁，还是躲藏？如何在庞贝城毁灭时活下来_-
It’s a bustling day in Pompeii. 这天的庞贝城十分热闹。
Fabia visits the Temple of Venus and offers a sacrificial dove to the goddess, asking her to bless her brother’s upcoming wedding. 法比亚来到维纳斯神庙, 向女神献祭一只鸽子, 请求祂祝福哥哥即将到来的婚礼。
After a quick visit to the market, she spots her brothers, Lucius and Marcus, crossing the Forum . 很快地逛过市场后, 她看见她的兄弟 卢修斯和马庫斯穿过集会广场。
bustling:adj.熙熙攘攘的;忙乱的; Venus:n.[天]金星;维纳斯(爱与美的女神); sacrificial:adj.牺牲的;献祭的; dove:n.鸽子;鸽派人士;v.潜水(dive的过去式); upcoming:adj.即将来临的; Forum:n.论坛,讨论会;法庭;公开讨论的广场;
They’re off to relax at the public baths. 他们正要去公共浴场轻鬆一下。
Marus spent the morning helping a master craftsman lay a grand mosaic floor while Lucius worked in the brickyard . 今早,马庫斯幫忙一位工匠师傅 铺设宏伟的马赛克地板, 而卢修斯则在砖瓦厂上工。
It’s been 17 years since an earthquake hit Pompeii and its neighbor Herculaneum, and there’s still construction and repair work to do. 庞贝城和相邻的赫庫兰尼姆城 距上次发生大地震已经 17 年了, 重建和修复的工作尚未完成。
relax:v.放松,休息;松懈,松弛;变从容;休养; craftsman:n.工匠;手艺人;技工; mosaic:adj.摩西的;拼成的;嵌花式的;n.马赛克;镶嵌;镶嵌细工; brickyard:na.砖厂;售砖处; construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句; repair:v.修理;修补;修缮;补救;n.修理;修补;修缮;
Fabia and her brothers discuss the recent tremors everyone’s been feeling. 法比亚和她的兄弟们谈到了 每个人最近都感受到的小地震。
Lucius jokes that there’ll always be work for men who rebuild walls in Pompeii. 卢修斯开玩笑地说, 在庞贝重建城墙的人永远不会失業。
He tells them how eager he is to bind hands with his sponsa, or bride-to-be . 他也说他很渴望赶快和准新娘结连理,
The siblings begin discussing tomorrow’s wedding— but a deafening boom interrupts them. 他们开始讨论明天的婚礼, 但是震耳欲聋的隆隆声打断了他们。
tremors:n.震动;颤抖(tremor的复数);v.[物]颤动(tremor的三单形式); bind:v.结合;装订;有约束力;过紧;n.捆绑;困境;讨厌的事情;植物的藤蔓; bride-to-be:n.待嫁新娘; siblings:n.兄;弟;姐;妹;(sibling的复数) deafening:adj.震耳欲聋的;极喧闹的;v.使…聋(deafen的ing形式);n.隔音; boom:n.繁荣;吊杆;v.激增;繁荣昌盛;轰鸣;轰响;adj.(美)猛涨起来的; interrupts:n.中断(interrupt的复数);v.打断(interrupt的三单形式);
They watch Vesuvius spew smoke, ash, and rock high into the air— and realize they've been living in the shadow of a volcano . 他们看着维苏威火山 朝空中噴出烟雾、灰烬和岩石, 意识到他们一直生活在火山的阴影下。
They embrace and pray to Venus for protection and Vulcan for mercy . 他们互相拥抱并祈求 维纳斯女神的保护和火神的怜悯。
Each must now choose how to survive. 现在每个人都必须选择保命之道。
They have three options : seek shelter, escape to the south on foot, or flee to the west by sea. 他们有三种途径: 寻找掩护、徒步逃往南方, 或循海路逃往西方。
spew:vt.喷出;呕吐;vi.喷涌;呕吐; volcano:n.火山; embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括; Vulcan:n.伏尔甘(火和锻冶的神); mercy:n.仁慈,宽容;怜悯;幸运;善行; options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式) seek:v.寻求;寻找;谋求; flee:v.逃走;迅速离开;逃避,逃跑
Lucius rushes home but can’t find his sponsa. 卢修斯冲回家,却找不到他的未婚妻。
He decides to wait for her and lights an oil lamp . 他决定等她,然后点了一盏油灯。
Ash and pumice begin raining over Pompeii. 火山灰和火山石 开始在庞贝上空如雨般落下。
Fabia shelters with her husband, Claudius, and their daughters. 法比亚与她的丈夫克劳迪斯 和他们的女儿一起在屋檐下避难。
But after a few hours, their roof groans under the weight of volcanic debris , and they realize they can't stay. 但过了几小时,他们的屋顶 在火山碎片的重压下发出吱嘎声。 他们意识到不能待在这里了,
lamp:n.灯;台灯;(理疗用的)发热灯; pumice:vt.用轻石磨;用浮石去污;磨光;n.浮石;轻石; groans:n.呻吟(groan的复数形式);v.呻吟(groan的第三人称单数形式); volcanic:adj.火山的;猛烈的;易突然发作的;n.火山岩; debris:n.碎片,残骸;
They decide to travel southeast , away from the volcano. 决定向东南方移动,远离火山。
The family joins swarms of people wading through hot ash on the cardo maximus and begins navigating towards one of Pompeii’s southern gates. 他们全家和蜂拥的人潮一起 涉过南北大街上的热灰, 往庞贝城的其中一道南门前进。
Marcus finally reaches his home in Herculaneum and gathers his wife and children. 马庫斯终于抵达 他在赫庫兰尼姆城的家, 并齐聚他的妻小。
southeast:adj.东南的;来自东南的;n.东南;东南地区;adv.来自东南; swarms:n.(昆虫等)群;[蜂]蜂群(swarm的复数);v.蜂拥;云集(swarm的第三人称单数); wading:v.跋涉,涉,蹚(水或淤泥等)(wade的现在分词) cardo:n.轴节;阳(茎)基环; maximus:n.十二口钟编钟敲奏法; navigating:v.航行,操纵(navigate的现在分词形式);adj.航行的,航行中; finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
They decide to escape by sea. 他们决定循海路逃难。
But as they approach the docks , they discover waves brimming with volcanic matter, making it impossible for boats to navigate close enough to shore. 但当他们接近码头时, 发现海浪中充满着火山物质, 使得船只无法航行到岸。
Trying to keep calm for their children, they huddle underneath covered boat docks. 在孩子面前,他们试图保持镇定, 一家人挤在船坞的屋顶之下。
Now, the deadliest phase of the disaster begins. 现在,灾难最致命的阶段开始了。
At this point, the force throwing the volcanic material, or tephra , into the air diminishes , and it comes crashing down. 此时,火山往空中噴发 火山灰的力道减弱, 使得火山灰大量坠落。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; docks:n.[水运]码头; v.船入港; brimming:v.(使)满,盛满;(brim的现在分词) navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空; huddle:vt.把...挤在一起; vi.蜷缩; n.拥挤; underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的; deadliest:adj.最致命的; phase:n.阶段;时期;月相;(月亮的)盈亏;v.分阶段进行;逐步做; disaster:n.灾难,灾祸;不幸; tephra:n.火山灰; diminishes:(使)减少,缩小;减损(diminish的第三人称单数);
Hot ash and noxious gas billow out in a wave known as a pyroclastic surge . 热灰和有毒气体如波浪般滚滚而出, 这是所谓的「火山噴涌」。
This first surge engulfs Herculaneum. 第一波吞没了赫庫兰尼姆城。
One hour later, another three times as strong collapses the town’s remaining structures . 一个小时后,另一波带着三倍的力道, 压垮了城镇中余留的建筑。
These have yet to reach Pompeii, but buildings are ablaze in the hot, sulfurous air. 此时这些噴涌尚未到达庞贝城, 但建筑物已在炙热 又充满硫磺的空气中燃烧。
noxious:adj.有害的;有毒的;败坏道德的;讨厌的; billow:n.巨浪;vi.翻腾;vt.使翻腾; pyroclastic:n.火成碎屑物;adj.火成碎屑的; surge:n.汹涌;大浪,波涛;汹涌澎湃;巨涌;v.汹涌;起大浪,蜂拥而来; engulfs:vt.吞没;吞食,狼吞虎咽; collapses:v.(突然)倒塌,坍塌;昏倒;坐下;(collapse的第三人称单数) structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式); ablaze:adj.着火的;闪耀的;激昂的;adv.着火;闪耀; sulfurous:adj.硫磺的;含有硫磺的;
Lucius climbs out of his closet and tries his front door, but a deep blanket of ash and stone won’t let it budge . 卢修斯从衣橱里爬出来, 试着打开前门, 但外头厚重的灰烬和石头 使他开不了门。
His lamp flickers and dies. 他的油灯微弱地闪烁几下,熄灭了。
After more than 14 hours, at times walking through ash up to their chests, 经过 14 多个小时,法比亚、 她的家人和其他及早离开的人,
Fabia, her family, and the others who left early enough, climb the southern Latarri mountains. 即使得走过漫及胸前的火山灰, 他们仍继续前进, 接着爬上拉塔里南部的山峰。
closet:n.贮藏室;壁橱adj.隐藏(身份等)的;v.把…关在房间里; budge:vi.挪动; vt.使让步; n.羔羊皮; flickers:n.[电子][光]闪烁(flicker的复数); v.闪动(flicker的第三人称单数);
They reach a peak and pause to look back. 他们到达峰顶,停下来回头看,
Another pyroclastic surge rushes across the valley, crashes into Pompei, and sheers off the upper levels of the town’s buildings. 另一股火山碎屑涌过山谷, 冲向庞贝城, 削去了城镇里建筑物的上层楼。
Fighting back tears, Fabia continues to push her family on towards safety, praying for her brothers and fellow townspeople . 法比亚忍住眼泪, 继续催促家人朝安全地带前进, 同时也为她的兄弟和同胞祈祷。
peak:n.高峰; v.达到高峰; adj.最高度的; sheers:n.人字起重架;起重三角架; upper:adj.上面的;内陆的;n.靴面;兴奋剂; townspeople:n.市民;镇民;城里生长的人;
According to modern analysis , the eruption may have lasted days or weeks. 根据现代的分析, 噴发可能持续数天或数周。
When it was over, almost 300 square kilometers were decimated , and Pompeii and Herculaneum lay under up to 65 feet of tephra. 噴发结束时,将近 300 平方公里的区域被摧毁, 庞贝城和赫庫兰尼姆城 被埋在深达 65 英尺的火山灰之下。
Despite some disorganized looting and digging, these towns remained buried until official excavations began in the mid-1800s. 尽管经历过没有组织的偷盗和挖掘, 这些城镇仍然被掩埋着,
According to:根据,据说; analysis:n.分析;分解;验定; eruption:n.爆发,喷发;火山灰;出疹; decimated:v.摧毁;大幅度下降(decimate的过去式及过去分词); Despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; disorganized::v.瓦解;打乱;(disorganize的过去式和过去分词形式) looting:n.抢劫;洗劫,趁乱打劫;v.打劫(loot的现在分词); official:adj.官方的;正式的;公务的;n.官员;公务员;高级职员; excavations:n.挖掘,发掘;
Archaeologists have since analyzed skeletal evidence and volcanic deposits to reconstruct a timeline of Herculaneum and Pompeii’s final moments. 此后,考古学家分析了 遗骸和火山沉积物, 以重建赫庫兰尼姆城 与庞贝城之终结的时间表,
They've revealed a poignant glimpse at the experiences of the eruption's victims. 并让我们得以瞥见 火山爆发受害者的悲惨经历。
Much of our understanding of ancient Roman life— from food and furniture to architecture and economics— comes from these ruins . 我们对古罗马生活的瞭解 ——从食物和家俱, 到建筑风格和经济活动—— 大多来自这些废墟。
Archaeologists:n.[古]考古学家(archaeologist的复数); analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨; skeletal:adj.骨骼的,像骨骼的;骸骨的;骨瘦如柴的; evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明; deposits:n.[金融]存款; v.[地质]沉积(deposit的单三形式); reconstruct:vt.重建;改造;修复;重现; timeline:n.时间轴,时间线;大事年表; revealed:v.揭示;显示;露出;(reveal的过去分词和过去式) poignant:adj.尖锐的;辛酸的;深刻的;切中要害的; glimpse:v.瞥见;[诗]闪现;n.领悟;概况;见识;一睹; Roman:n.罗马人;古罗马语;adj.罗马的;罗马人的; furniture:n.家具;设备;储藏物; architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构; ruins:n.遗迹(ruin的复数形式);废墟;v.毁灭(ruin的三单形式);
In their time, they were simply provincial towns in the Bay of Naples . 在那个时代,它们只是 那不勒斯湾的普通城镇。
But their rediscovery has given us an unparalleled view into the ancient world and the lives that were devastated by disaster. 但重新发现它们使我们对古代世界 和被灾难摧毁的生命 有了前所未有的瞭解。
provincial:adj.省的;地方性的;偏狭的;n.粗野的人;乡下人;外地人; Naples:n.那不勒斯(意大利西南部港市); rediscovery:n.重新发现; unparalleled:adj.无比的;无双的;空前未有的; devastated:adj.不安的,混乱的,震惊的; v.彻底破坏; (devastate的过去分词和过去式)