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FransLanting_2005-_大自然写意_
Nature's my muse and it's been my passion . 自然是我的缪斯,也一直是我的激情所在。
muse:n.沉思;冥想;vt.沉思;沉思地说;vi.沉思;凝望; passion:n.激情;热情;酷爱;盛怒;
As a photographer for National Geographic , I've portrayed it for many. 作为国家地理的一名摄影师,我对它进行了很多的描绘。
Geographic:adj.地理的;地理学的; portrayed:v.描绘;描画;描写;表现;扮演(某角色)(portray的过去分词和过去式)
But five years ago, I went on a personal journey . 五年前我进行了一次私人旅行。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
I wanted to visualize the story of life. 我想描绘生活中的故事。
visualize:vt.形象,形象化;想像,设想;vi.显现;
It's the hardest thing I've ever attempted , and there have been plenty of times when I felt like backing out. 这是我遇到过最困难的事情, 有很多次我都想打退堂鼓了。
attempted:adj.未遂的;v.努力;尝试;试图;(attempt的过去分词和过去式)
But there were also revelations . 但我也得到了一些启示。
revelations:n.被暴露的真相;披露;揭露;(revelation的复数)
And one of those I'd like to share with you today. 今天我就想和你分享其中的一个。
I went down to a remote lagoon in Australia, hoping to see the Earth the way it was three billion years ago, back before the sky turned blue. 我去了澳大利亚一个遥远的咸水湖,希望看到地球 三十亿年以前的样子。 回到之前天空还是蓝色的日子。
remote:adj.偏远的;偏僻的;遥远的;久远的; lagoon:n.[地理][水文]泻湖;环礁湖;咸水湖;
There's stromatolites down there -- the first living things to capture photosynthesis -- and it's the only place they still occur today. 那里有叠层石 第一种进行光合作用的生物 也是现在仅存的一处。
stromatolites:[地质]叠层石; capture:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;刻画,描述;n.(被)捕获;(被)俘获 photosynthesis:n.光合作用; occur:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;
Going down there was like entering a time capsule , and I came out with a different sense of myself in time. 走向那里就像是进入了时间胶囊, 当我出来时时间感完全不一样了。
time capsule:n.时代文物贮藏器(收藏具有时代特征的物品);
The oxygen exhaled by those stromatolites is what we all breathe today. 叠层石所散发出的氧气 正是我们今天所呼吸的。
exhaled:vt.呼气;发出;发散;使蒸发;vi.呼气;发出;发散;
Stromatolites are the heroes in my story. 叠层石是我故事里的英雄。
I hope it's a story that has some resonance for our time. 我希望这个故事在今天也能引起一些共鸣。
resonance:n.[力]共振;共鸣;反响;
It's a story about you and me, nature and science. 这是一个关于你和我,自然和科学的故事。
And with that said, I'd like to invite you for a short, brief journey of life through time. 正如上所说,我很乐意邀请你 来一次简短的时间旅行。
Our journey starts in space, where matter condenses into spheres over time. 我们的旅行是从太空开始的,在那里随着时间的流逝物质浓缩成了球体。
condenses:v.浓缩;使缩短(condense的三单形式); spheres:n.[数]球体(sphere的复数); v.把…放在球体内(sphere的第三人称单数形式);
Solidifying into surface, molded by fire. 凝固成表面,被火改造成各种形状。
Solidifying:n.固化;凝固;v.使凝固(solidify的ing形式);使团结;使充实; molded:adj.模塑的;造形的;
The fire gave way, Earth emerged -- but this was an alien planet. 当火退去时,地球显露出来-但这时还像是一个外星球。
emerged:v.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;暴露;露出真相;显现;(emerge的过去分词和过去式)
The moon was closer, things were different. 月亮离我们更近,所有的东西和现在都不一样。
Heat from within made geysers erupt -- that is how the oceans were born. 地底的热气使得间歇泉喷涌而出-海洋就这样形成了。
geysers:n.[水文]间歇泉;[水文]间歇喷泉(geyser的复数形式); erupt:vi.爆发;喷出;发疹;长牙;vt.爆发;喷出;
Water froze around the poles , and shaped the edges of the Earth. 水在两极附近冻结,形成了地球的边界。
poles:n.极点(pole的复数形式);雪杖;杆位次数;
Water is the key to life, but in frozen form, it is a latent force. 水是生命的关键,即使是处于冰冻状态,也是一种潜在的力量。
latent:adj.潜在的;潜伏的;隐藏的;
And when it vanishes , Earth becomes Mars . 而一旦它蒸发了,地球就变成如火星般。
vanishes:v.[数]消失(vanish的三单形式); Mars:n.火星
But this planet is different -- it's roiling inside. 但这个星球与众不同之处就在于,它的内部是运动的。
roiling:v.(水)激荡;扰乱;搅乱;使混乱;(roil的现在分词)
And where that energy touches water, something new emerges : life. 在那里能量遇到水,生命就由此产生了。
emerges:vi.浮现;摆脱;暴露;
It arises around cracks in the Earth. 它上升并包围了地球。
arises:v.出现;发生;站立; cracks:n.裂纹; v.破裂; (crack的第三人称单数和复数)
Mud and minerals become substrate , there are bacterium . 泥土和矿石垫在最底下,那里有细菌。
minerals:n.矿物;矿产,矿产品(mineral的复数);矿物质; substrate:n.基质;基片;底层(等于substratum);酶作用物; bacterium:n.[微]细菌;杆菌属;
Learn to multiply , thickening in places. 它们学着繁殖,在那里慢慢变厚。
multiply:vt.乘; vi.乘; v.多样地; adj.多层的; thickening:n.增厚;增稠剂,[食品]芡粉;稠化;v.使变厚;变浓(thicken的现在分词);
Growing living structures under an alien sky. 生命结构就在外星空下形成了。
structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式);
Stromatolites were the first to exhale oxygen. 叠层石是最先释放氧气的。
And they changed the atmosphere . 它们改变了大气层。
atmosphere:n.大气;气氛;气压;风格;
A breath that's fossilized now as iron. 有些就被成为了铁矿石。
fossilized:adj.石化的;僵化的;老化的;v.石化(fossilize的过去式和过去分词);
Meteorites delivered chemistry, and perhaps membranes , too. 陨石释放出化学物质,或许还有薄膜。
Meteorites:n.[地质]陨石(meteorite的复数形式);[天]陨星; membranes:n.细胞膜(membrane的复数);薄膜;膜皮;
Life needs a membrane to contain itself so it can replicate and mutate . 生命需要有东西来承载自己 这样它才能复制和变异。
replicate:vt.复制; vi.重复; adj.复制的; n.复制品; mutate:vi.变化,产生突变;vt.改变,使突变;
These are diatoms , single-celled phytoplankton with skeletons of silicon . 这里面有硅藻类,一种单细胞浮游生物 它们有着硅质的骨骼。
diatoms:n.矽藻(diatom的复数);硅藻类; phytoplankton:n.[植]浮游植物(群落); skeletons:n.骷髅;[解剖]骨骼(skeleton的复数);流言(歌曲名); silicon:n.[化学]硅;硅元素;
Circuit boards of the future. 这就是未来的电路板。
Circuit:n.环行路线;电路;线路;巡回赛;v.巡回;周游;
Shallow seas nurtured life early on, and that's where it morphed into more complex forms. 浅滩更早的孕育了生命,在这里 它们变异成为更高级的形式。
nurtured:v.养育;培养;养护;支持(nurture的过去分词和过去式) morphed:在屏幕上变换图像(morph的过去式和过去分词); complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
It grew as light and oxygen increased. 随着光和氧气的增多它们不断成长。
Life hardened and became defensive . 生命变得坚强起来而且具有了攻击性。
hardened:adj.变硬的;坚定的;v.坚定,变硬(harden的过去分词); defensive:n.辩护;守势;adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的;戒备的;
It learned to move and began to see. The first eyes grew on trilobites . 它开始学着移动和观看。三叶虫最早长出眼睛。
trilobites:n.[古生]三叶虫;
Vision was refined in horseshoe crabs , among the first to leave the sea. 视界也被重新定义随着马蹄蟹 第一个离开大海。
Vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; refined:adj.精制的; v.精炼; horseshoe:vt.装蹄铁于;n.马蹄铁;U形物; crabs:n.蟹类;吊钳;脾气坏的人(crab的复数);v.捕蟹;抱怨;侧航(crab的三单形式);
They still do what they've done for ages, their enemies long gone. 虽然它们依旧做着千百年来一直做着的事,但它们的敌人早已不复存在。
Scorpions follow prey out of the sea. Slugs became snails . 蝎子跟随它们的猎物离开大海,蛞蝓变成了蜗牛。
Scorpions:n.蝎子;蝎形弩(scorpion的复数形式); prey:n.猎物;受害者;受骗者;v.折磨;掠夺;捕食(on,upon);损害(on,upon); Slugs:n.[无脊椎]蛞蝓; v.猛击; snails:n.[无脊椎]蜗牛; v.使成蜗纹;
Fish tried amphibian life. Frogs adapted to deserts. 鱼开始尝试两栖生活。青蛙也适应了干旱的气候。
amphibian:n.[脊椎]两栖动物; adj.两栖类的; adapted:adj.适于…的; v.使适应,使适合; (adapt的过去分词和过去式)
Lichens arose as a co-op . Fungi married algae . 地衣连成一片。菌类和水藻一起生长。
Lichens:n.[植]地衣(lichen的复数);地衣类;v.使长满地衣(lichen的三单形式); arose:vi.出现(arise的过去式);引发; co-op:n.合作社(cooperativesociety);消费合作社; Fungi:n.真菌;菌类;蘑菇(fungus的复数); algae:n.[植]藻类;[植]海藻;
Clinging to rock, and eating it too. Transforming barren land. 它们依附在岩石上,也以此为食。改善着贫瘠的土地。
Clinging:adj.紧身的; v.依附; (cling的现在分词) Transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词) barren:n.不毛之地;adj.贫瘠的;不毛的;不结果实的;不育的;
True land plants arose, leafless at first. 真正的陆上植物开始产生,首先是裸子植物。
leafless:adj.无叶的;
Once they learn how to stay upright , they grew in size and shape. 一旦它们知道如何生长,它们就长得更高更大。
upright:n.立柱;adj.直立的;挺直的;竖直的;垂直的;adv.竖立着;垂直着;
The fundamental forms of ferns followed, to bear spores that foreshadowed seeds. 其次是基本形式的蕨类 产生孢子,这是预示种子。
fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的; ferns:n.蕨类;[植]蕨类植物(fern的复数形式); spores:n.[生物]孢子(spore的复数);v.形成芽孢(spore的三单形式); foreshadowed:vt.预示;成为…的前兆;n.预兆;
Life flourished in swamps . 生命在沼泽里繁荣起来。
flourished:v.繁荣;昌盛;兴旺;茁壮成长;(flourish的过去式和过去分词) swamps:n.[地理]沼泽; vt.使陷入沼泽; vi.陷入沼泽;
On land, life turned a corner. Jaws formed first. Teeth came later. 在陆地上,生命也有了转变。最开始是长出颚,接着是牙齿。
Leatherbacks and tuataras are echoes from that era. 大海龟和大蜥蜴就是那个时代的产物。
Leatherbacks:n.棱皮龟;革龟;(leatherback的复数) tuataras:n.大蜥蜴(产于新西兰); echoes:n.回声; v.发出回声;
It took time for life to break away from water, and it still beckons all the time. 它们花费了毕生的时间来离开水, 但一直未能如愿。
beckons:v.招手示意;吸引;诱惑;很可能发生(或出现);(beckon的第三人称单数)
Life turned hard so it could venture inland . 生活变得艰难起来所以才到内陆冒险
venture:v.敢于;冒险;投机;n.企业;风险;冒险; inland:n.内地;内陆;adj.内陆的;内地的;国内的;adv.在内地;向内地;向内陆;在内陆;
And the dragons that arose are still among us today. 那时候崛起的恐龙现在仍在我们中间。
dragons:n.龙;悍妇;母夜叉;(dragon的复数)
Jurassic Park still shimmers in part of Madagascar, and the center of Brazil . 侏罗纪公园仍然闪烁着生命的光芒在马达加斯加局部 和巴西的中心。
Jurassic:adj.侏罗系的;侏罗纪的;n.侏罗纪; shimmers:n.微光;闪光;vi.闪烁;发闪烁的微光;vt.使闪烁; Brazil:n.巴西(拉丁美洲国家);
The plants called cycads remain rock hard. 而苏铁依然顽强的存活到今天
cycads:n.苏铁植物(cycad的复数);
Forests arose and nurtured things with wings. 森林产生并孕育出生有双翼的东西。
One early form left an imprint , like it died only yesterday. 一个早期的形式留下了印记,好像昨天才去世。
imprint:n.印记;痕迹;特征;版本说明;vt.加特征;刻上记号;
And others fly today like echoes of the past. 今天和其他人一样飞过去的回声。
In birds, life gained new mobility . 鸟类中,生活有了新的流动性。
mobility:n.移动性;机动性;[电子]迁移率;
Flamingos covered continents . Migrations got underway . 火烈鸟遍布各大洲。它们开始远途迁徙。
Flamingos:n.火烈鸟;火鹤(flamingo的复数); continents:n.[地理]大陆,大洲(continent复数); Migrations:[动][地质]迁移; underway:adj.进行中的;起步的;航行中的;n.[公路]水底通道;
Birds witnessed the emergence of flowering plants. 鸟类见证了开花植物的出现。
witnessed:v.当场看到,目击;见证;作证;(witness的过去式和过去分词) emergence:n.出现,浮现;发生;露头;
Water lilies were among the first. 睡莲是第一批。
lilies:n.百合花;(lily的复数)
Plants began to diversify and grew, turning into trees. 植物开始多样化和增长,变成树木。
diversify:vt.使多样化,使变化;增加产品种类以扩大;
In Australia, a lily turned into a grass tree, and in Hawaii, a daisy became a silver sword. 在澳大利亚,百合变成了草本植物, 而在夏威夷,菊花成为银剑。
lily:n.百合花:adj.洁白:纯洁的: silver:n.银; v.给…镀(或包)银; adj.银色的;
In Africa, Gondwana molded Proteas . 在非洲,山龙眼在冈瓦那大陆出现。
Proteas:n.普罗蒂斯;
But when that ancient continent broke up, life got lusher . 但是,当这一古老的大陆解体,生命变得更加繁盛。
lusher:n.酒鬼;
Tropical rainforests arose, sparking new layers of interdependence . 热带雨林产生,引发新层次的相互依存关系。
Tropical:adj.热带的;热情的;酷热的; rainforests:n.(热带)雨林; sparking:n.发火花;点火;v.导致(spark的现在分词);发出火星;使大感兴趣; layers:n.层;表层;层次;阶层;v.把…分层堆放;(layer的第三人称单数和复数) interdependence:n.互相依赖;
Fungi multiplied . Orchids emerged, genitalia shaped to lure insects. 真菌成倍增加。兰花的出现,外生殖器形成用来吸引昆虫。
multiplied:v.乘;乘以;成倍增加;(使)繁殖,增殖;(multiply的过去分词和过去式) Orchids:n.[园艺]兰花,淡紫色;称赞(orchid的复数); genitalia:n.[解剖]生殖器,外阴部; lure:n.诱惑;饵;诱惑物;v诱惑;引诱;
A trick shared by the largest flower on Earth. 也是地球上最大的花惯用的一个手法。
Co-evolution entwined insects and birds and plants forever. 昆虫,鸟类和植物永远协同进化。
Co-evolution:共同演化; entwined:vt.缠住;盘绕;使缠绕;vi.缠住;盘绕;
When birds can't fly, they become vulnerable . 当鸟不能飞,他们变得脆弱。
vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
Kiwis are, and so are these hawks trapped near Antarctica. 鹬鸵和这些鹰因此被困南极洲。
Kiwis:n.猕猴桃(kiwi的复数); trapped:adj.受困的;受限制的;v.使落入险境;使陷入困境;(trap的过去分词和过去式)
Extinction can come slowly, but sometimes it arrives fast. 消亡有时很缓慢,但有时却来得很快。
Extinction:n.绝种;
An asteroid hits, and the world went down in flames. 当小行星撞上来,整个世界陷入火海。
asteroid:n.[天]小行星;[无脊椎]海盘车;小游星;adj.星状的;
But there were witnesses , survivors in the dark. 但也有证人,幸存者在黑暗中。
witnesses:n.[法]证人; v.作证;
When the skies cleared, a new world was born. 当天空开朗,一个新的世界诞生了。
A world fit for mammals . From tiny shrews , tenrecs accustomed to the dark. 一个适合的哺乳动物。从小型的鼩, 马岛猬习惯于黑暗。
mammals:n.哺乳动物;(mammal的复数) shrews:n.泼妇,悍妇; tenrecs:n.无尾猬;(tenrec的复数) accustomed to:习惯于;
New forms became bats. Civets . 新形式成为蝙蝠。果子狸。
Civets:[中医]麝猫香;灵猫,香猫,麝猫,灵猫类;
New predators , hyenas getting faster and faster still. 他们新的天敌,鬣狗跑得也是越来越快。
predators:n.捕食性动物;实行弱肉强食的人(或机构);掠夺者;(predator的复数) hyenas:n.土狼(hyena的复数形式);
Grasslands created opportunities. 草原创造了机会。
Grasslands:n.[畜牧]草原;大草原(grassland的复数形式);
Herd safety came with sharpened senses. 羊群为了安全生就了敏锐的感官。
Herd:n.兽群,畜群;放牧人;vi.成群,聚在一起;vt.放牧;使成群; sharpened:v.(使)变得锋利,变得清晰; (sharpen的过去分词和过去式)
Growing big was another answer, but size always comes at a price. 变得越来越大是另外一个答案,但规模一直是要付出代价的。
Some mammals turned back to water. 一些哺乳动物又回到水中。
Walruses adapted with layers of fat. Sea lions got sleek . 海象长出了几层脂肪。海狮变得浑身圆滑。
Walruses:n.海象(walrus的复数); sleek:adj.圆滑的;井然有序的;vt.使…光滑;掩盖;vi.打扮整洁;滑动;
And cetaceans moved into a world without bounds. 鲸目动物已无物可敌。
cetaceans:n.鲸目动物;鲸类物种(cetacean的复数形式);
There are many ways to be a mammal. A 'roo hops in Oz. 有很多方法变成哺乳动物。一头袋鼠在澳洲蹦跳。
hops:n.啤酒花;
A horse runs in Asia, and a wolf evolves stilt legs in Brazil. 马出现在亚洲,而狼在巴西变成了细长腿。
evolves:v.进化,进展(evolve的第三人称单数形式); stilt:n.桩子,支柱;高跷;
Primates emerge from jungles, as tarsiers first, becoming lemurs not much later. 灵长目动物摆脱了丛林,眼镜猴是第一个, 狐猴不久也出来了。
Primates:n.灵长类; tarsiers:n.[脊椎]眼镜猴(多来源于东印度);跗猴属动物; lemurs:n.[脊椎]狐猴;
Learning became reinforced . Bands of apes ventured into the open. 学习能力变得更强。一群猿冒险进入了开放地带。
reinforced:adj.加固的;加强的;加筋的;v.加强;增援;(reinforce的过去式和过去分词) Bands:n.乐队;法官; apes:n.[脊椎]猿;猩猩;类人猿(ape的复数);v.模仿;仿效(ape的三单形式); ventured:v.敢于冒险;小心地说,谨慎地做;(venture的过去分词和过去式)
And forests dried out once more. Going upright became a lifestyle. 森林不断地干涸。往上发展成为一种生活方式。
So who are we? Brothers of masculine chimps . 那我们又是谁？男性黑猩猩兄弟。
masculine:adj.男性的;阳性的;男子气概的;n.男性;阳性,阳性词; chimps:n.(非洲的)黑猩猩;
Sisters of feminine bonobos . We are all of them, and more. 女性倭黑猩猩的姐妹。我们就是从它们发展来的,可能还有更多的来源。
feminine:adj.女性的;妇女(似)的;阴性的;娇柔的; bonobos:n.倭黑猩猩(bonobo的变形);
We're molded by the same life force . 我们都是被同样的生命力所塑造。
life force:n.生命力;
The blood veins in our hands echoed a course of water traces on the Earth. 静脉血液在我们的手中 就像水在地球上的流过的痕迹。
veins:n.[解剖]静脉(vein的复数); v.使有脉络; echoed:重复; traces:v.跟踪;探索;n.痕迹;踪迹;(trace的复数和第三人单数)
And our brains -- our celebrated brains -- reflect a drainage of a tidal marsh . 我们的大脑-我们著名的大脑- 反映了潮汐沼泽的水系。
reflect:v.反映;映出(影像);反射;表明,表达; drainage:n.排水;排水系统;污水;排水面积; tidal:adj.潮汐的;潮的,有关潮水的;定时涨落的; marsh:n.沼泽;湿地;adj.沼泽的;生长在沼泽地的;
Life is a force in its own right. It is a new element . 生活是一种能支配自我的力量。这是一个新的因素。
element:n.元素;要素;原理;成分;自然环境;
And it has altered the Earth. It covers Earth like a skin. 它改变了地球。它涵盖地球一样的皮肤。
altered:adj.改变了的:v.(使)改变,更改,改动:(alter的过去分词和过去式)
And where it doesn't, as in Greenland in winter, 在生命没有触及的地方,比如冬季里的格陵兰岛,
Mars is still not very far. 那里的景象与火星也相去不远。
But that likelihood fades as long as ice melts again. 但是,这很可能消失,只要冰融化了。
likelihood:n.可能性,可能; fades:v.褪色;逝去;[生物]衰老;淡接(fade的第三人称单数形式); as long as:conj.只要;长达;如果;既然; melts:n.[冶]熔体(melt的复数);v.熔化(melt的第三人称单数形式);
And where water is liquid, it becomes a womb . 当水变成液体时,它成为一个子宫。
womb:n.[解剖]子宫;发源地;vt.容纳;
For cells green with chlorophyll -- and that molecular marvel is what's made a difference -- it powers everything. 细胞因为有了叶绿素变成绿色-这个分子的奇迹在于 它改变了一切。它是一切的动力。
chlorophyll:n.[植][生化]叶绿素; molecular:adj.[化学]分子的;由分子组成的; marvel:n.奇迹;vt.对…感到惊异;vi.感到惊讶;
The whole animal world today lives on a stockpile of bacterial oxygen that is cycled constantly through plants and algae, and their waste is our breath, and vice versa . 现在的整个世界的动物生活在细菌库里, 在这里氧气能通过植物和藻类不断地循环, 它们消耗的正是我们呼出的东西, 反之亦然
stockpile:n.库存;积蓄;vt.贮存;储蓄;vi.积累;储备物资; bacterial:adj.[微]细菌的; constantly:adv.不断地;时常地; vice versa:反之亦然;
This Earth is alive, and it's made its own membrane. 地球是有生命的,它作出了自己的膜。
We call it atmosphere. This is the icon of our journey. 我们称它为大气圈。这是我们这一旅程的标记。
And you all here today can imagine and will shape where we go next. 今天在这里大家可以想像,并将形成我们下一个要的地方。
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Thank you. Thank you. 谢谢。谢谢。