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EricGiler_2009G-_无线电力输送_
Early visions of wireless power actually were thought of by Nikola Tesla basically about 100 years ago. 无线电力的早期设想 主要来自于尼古拉·特斯拉 大约在一百年前
visions:n.愿景; v.想像; wireless:adj.无线的;无线电的;n.无线电;v.用无线电发送; basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
The thought that you wouldn't want to transfer electric power wirelessly , no one ever thought of that. 问题在于 你并不需要无线输送电力 甚至没有人想到过这一点
transfer:n.转移;调任;调离;[体]转会球员;v.调任;调走;转学;转移; electric:n.供电;adj.电的;用电的;电动的;发电的; wirelessly:用无线电报与…联系;用无线电报发送(信息等):;;打无线电报;打无线电话;
They thought, "Who would use it if you didn't?" 他们想:“如果连做都做不出来,谁还会用呢？”
And so, in fact, he actually set about doing a variety of things. 因此,他开始着手于 进行一系列探索工作
variety:n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化,多样化;
Built the Tesla coil . This tower was built on Long Island back at the beginning of the 1900s. 建造特斯拉线圈。这座塔建立在 20世纪初的长岛上
coil:n.盘管;螺旋管;感应圈;(一)圈;v.卷;卷曲;蜿蜒流进; at the beginning of:在…的开始;
And the idea was, it was supposed to be able to transfer power anywhere on earth. 此项设想在于,它将能够把电力 输送到世界上任何一个角落
supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
We'll never know if this stuff worked. Actually I think the 我们也许永远不会知道这能否成功。事实上我认为
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
Federal Bureau of Investigation took it down for security purposes, sometime in the early 1900s. 依据联邦调查局的调查结果 这个项目基于安全原因被关闭了 这还是在20世纪早期的某些时候
Federal Bureau of Investigation:un.联邦调查统计局;
But the one thing that did come out of electricity is that we love this stuff so much. 但是我们从中发现 我们喜欢上了这个项目（理念）
electricity:n.电力;电流;强烈的紧张情绪;
I mean think about how much we love this. 想想到底我们有多喜欢它
If you just walk outside, there are trillions of dollars that have been invested in infrastructure around the world, putting up wires, to get power from where it's created to where it's used. 当你走出门,会发现在世界上 有亿万美元被投资于基础设施中 铺设电缆,将电力从其被创造的场所 输送到被使用的场所
trillions:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿; invested:v.投资;投入;(invest的过去分词和过去式) infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
The other thing is, we love batteries . 另外一点是,我们喜欢电池
batteries:n.电池;炮组;炮列;[法]殴打;(batteries是battery的复数)
And for those of us that have an environmental element to us there is something like 40 billion disposable batteries built every year. 对于我们来说,这在环境上的影响是 每年在世界上约有 四百亿节电池被废弃
element:n.元素;要素;原理;成分;自然环境; disposable:adj.可任意处理的;可自由使用的;用完即可丢弃的;
For power that generally speaking, is used within a few inches or a few feet of where there is very inexpensive power. 一般而言,电池 仅仅是在几英寸或几英尺的范围内使用 而且使用成本极低
generally:adv.通常;普遍地,一般地; inexpensive:adj.廉价的;不昂贵的;
So before I sort of got here, 所以在我继续演讲之前
I thought, "You know, I am from North America . 我想:“你们知道,我来自北美。
North America:n.北美洲;
We do have a little bit of a reputation in the United States." 我们在美国确实有一些声誉。”
a little bit of a:一点点了; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
So I thought I'd better look it up first. 所以我想最好先看一看
So definition number six is the North American definition of the word suck . 数字六的定义 在北美被定义为“恶心”
definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释; suck:v.吸吮;吸取;n.吮吸;
Wires suck, they really do. 电缆真令人恶心,确实如此
Think about it. Whether that's you in that picture or something under your desk. 想一想,在这幅照片中的是否是你 或是位于你桌下的什么东西
The other thing is, batteries suck too. 另一件事是,电池也非常令人恶心
And they really really do. 它们真的很恶心
Do you ever wonder what happens to this stuff? 你曾想过如何处理这些恶心的家伙吗？
40 billion of these things built. 整整四百亿节
This is what happens. 而这正是在我们周围发生的一切
They fall apart , they disintegrate , and they end up here. 它们被取下来,被拆分 最终在此得到处理
fall apart:崩溃;土崩瓦解;破碎; disintegrate:vt.使分解;使碎裂;使崩溃;使衰变;vi.瓦解;碎裂;衰变;
So when you talk about expensive power the cost per kilowatt hour to supply battery power to something is on the order of two to three hundred pounds. 当你谈论昂贵的电力时,即 为电池或者其他东西提供电力时 每千瓦小时成本 大约是二三百英镑
kilowatt:n.[电]千瓦(功率单位); battery:n.[电]电池,蓄电池;n.[法]殴打;n.[军]炮台,炮位;
Think about that. 想一想
The most expensive grid power in the world is thousandths of that. 世界上最贵的电力网络 是这个的成千上万倍
grid:n.网格;格子,栅格;输电网;
So fortunately , one of the other definitions of suck that was in there, it does create a vacuum . 幸运地是,“恶心”的另一个定义就在其中 它制造了真空
fortunately:adv.幸运地; definitions:n.[数]定义(definition的复数形式); vacuum:n.真空; adj.真空的; v.用真空吸尘器清扫;
And nature really does abhor a vacuum. 但是,大自然憎恶真空
abhor:vt.痛恨,憎恶;
What happened back a few years ago was a group of theoretical physicists at MIT actually came up with this concept of transferring power over distance. 几年以前 麻省理工的某些理论物理学家们 提出了一种近距离无线传输电力的理念
theoretical:adj.理论的;理论上的;假设的;推理的; physicists:n.物理学家;机械唯物论者(physicist的复数); transferring:n.[计]转移,传递;v.移动,[计]转移(transfer的现在分词形式);
Basically they were able to light a 60 watt lightbulb at a distance of about two meters. 并且他们在约两米的距离时 点亮了一盏六十瓦的电灯炮
at a distance:在远处;有相当距离;
They took, it got about 50 percent of the efficiency . 他们计算出的能源效率大约是50%
efficiency:n.效率;效能;功效;
By the way that's still a couple thousand times more efficient than a battery would be, to do the same thing. 事实上,这种利用能源的方式 比电池要高出成百上千倍
By the way:顺便说一下; efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
But were able to light that, and do it very successfully. 并且这已经可以点亮电灯泡了 并且成功地实现了
This was actually the experiment. So you can see the coils were somewhat larger. 这就是那个真实的实验。所以你可以看到 存在更大的线圈
coils:n.[电]线圈(coil的复数);卷; somewhat:n.几分;某物;adv.有点;多少;几分;稍微;
The lightbulb was a fairly simple task, from their standpoint . 从他们的角度来看电灯泡只是一个简单的任务
fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; standpoint:n.立场;观点;
This all came from a professor waking up at night to the third night in a row that his wife's cellphone was beeping because it was running out of battery power. 这全部来源于某位教授 在半夜时连续三次被闹醒 这是因为他夫人的手机一直在提示 电量不足（低电量警告）
cellphone:n.蜂窝式便携无线电话;大哥大; beeping:v.发出哔哔声;(使汽车喇叭等)发出嘟嘟声;(beep的现在分词)
And he was thinking, "With all the electricity that's out there in the walls, why couldn't some of that just come into the phone so I could get some sleep?" 所以他在想:“所有的插座都在墙上, 为什么就不能弄点电到手机里,让我睡个安稳觉？”
And he actually came up with this concept of resonant energy transfer. 并且他的确实现了这个想法 通过共振传输能量
resonant:adj.洪亮的,共振的;共鸣的;
But inside a standard transformer are two coils of wire. 在标准变压器中有两卷线圈
standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; transformer:n.[电]变压器;促使变化的人;
And those two coils of wire are really really close to each other, and actually do transfer power -- magnetically and wirelessly, only over a very short distance. 并且这两卷线圈之间靠得非常近 事实上它们之间在传输电力-- 透过很短的距离,依靠电磁效应进行无线电力传输
magnetically:adv.有磁力地;有吸引力地;
What Dr. Soljacic figured out how to do was separate the coils in a transformer to a greater distance than the size of those transformers using this technology , which is not dissimilar from the way an opera singer shatters a glass on the other side of the room. 索尔贾希克博士所想到的是 如何将变压器中线圈的距离增大 以便在更远的距离中 应用此项技术,这与歌剧歌手 在房间的另一面摇晃玻璃窗的方式不同
transformers:n.[电]变压器;促使变化的人或物;(transformer的复数) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; dissimilar:adj.不同的; opera:n.歌剧;歌剧院;歌剧艺术;歌剧剧本; shatters:vt.粉碎; vi.粉碎; n.碎片; on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
And it's a resonant phenomena for which he actually received a MacArthur Fellowship Award, which is nicknamed the Genius Award, last September, for his discovery. 这是一种共振现象 据此他获得了麦克阿瑟奖 此奖项也被戏称为天才奖 基于他的发现,在去年九月他得到了这一奖励
phenomena:n.现象(phenomenon的复数); MacArthur:n.麦克阿瑟(美国五星上将); Fellowship:n.友谊;奖学金;研究员职位; nicknamed:给…取绰号(nicknamed的过去式,过去分词); Genius:n.天才;天资;才能,本领;
So how does it work? 那么它是如何工作的呢？
Imagine a coil. For those of you that are engineers, there's a capacitor attached to it too. 想象一卷线圈,对于是工程师的你来说,它 同时还有电容与之相连
capacitor:n.[电]电容器; attached:adj.依恋;v.重视;把…固定;(attach的过去分词和过去式)
And if you can cause that coil to resonate , what will happen is it will pulse , at alternating current frequencies , at a fairly high frequency , by the way. 如果你能够让线圈发生共振 它将会在不断改变的频率下 在相当高的频率下 产生脉冲
resonate:vt.共鸣;共振;vi.共鸣;共振; pulse:n.脉冲;脉搏;脉率;强劲的音乐节拍;v.搏动;跳动;震动;洋溢着; alternating current:n.交流;交流电流; frequencies:n.频率;发生率;重复率;频繁;(frequency的复数) frequency:n.频率;发生率;重复率;频繁;
And if you can bring another device close enough to the source , that will only work at exactly that frequency, you can actually get them to do what's called strongly couple, and transfer magnetic energy between them. 如果你能够带来另一个 与发电源足够近的设备 并且它恰好能够在此频率下工作 你可让它们形成耦合 从而在它们之间传递磁能
device:n.装置;策略;图案; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
And then what you do is, you start out with electricity, turn it into magnetic field , take that magnetic field , turn it back into electricity. 接下来你要做的只是在你需要电力时 移动到磁性区域内,利用磁场 将其转变成电能
magnetic field:磁场;
And then you can use it. 然后你就可以正常使用了
Number one question I get asked. 我所被问到的第一个问题是
I mean people are worried about cellphones being safe. 人们会担心手机的安全性问题
cellphones:n.手机;移动电话;(cellphone的复数)
You know. What about safety? 你知道的,这个项目的安全性怎么样？
The first thing is this is not a radiative technology. 我需要声明的第一点是这并非辐射性技术
radiative:adj.发光的;放射的;[物]辐射性的;
It doesn't radiate . 它并不会产生辐射
radiate:vt.辐射; vi.辐射; adj.辐射状的,有射线的;
There aren't electric fields here. It's a magnetic field. 这里并没有电场,只是磁场。
It stays within, either what we call the source, or within the device. 它处于被我们称为源或者设备的 影响范围之内
And actually the magnetic fields we're using are basically about the same as the Earth's magnetic field. 并且事实上我们所使用的磁场 其本质与地球磁场相同
We live in a magnetic field. 我们每天都生活在磁场环境中
And the other thing that's pretty cool about the technology is that is only transfers energy to things that work at exactly the same frequency. 此项技术的另一个闪光点是 它仅仅向与其在相同频率下工作的物体输送能源
transfers:n.[电子][计]传输(tansfer的复数); v.[计]转移;
And it's virtually impossible in nature, to make that happen. 而这在自然界中几乎没可能让其发生
virtually:adv.事实上,几乎;实质上;
And then finally we have governmental bodies everywhere that will regulate everything we do. 在世界各地都有相应的政府机构 他们会规范我们所做的一切
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; governmental:adj.政府的;政治的;统治上的; regulate:v.调节;控制;
And they've pretty much set field exposure limits which all of the things in the stuff I'll show you today sort of sit underneath those guidelines . 并且他们严格的设定了辐射场标准 今天我们在此向您们所展示的一切 均处于这些规章限制之内
exposure:n.暴露;显露;揭露;面临; underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的; guidelines:n.指导方针;参考;
Mobile electronics . 移动电子产品
Mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的; electronics:n.电子学;电子工业;
Home electronics. 家用电子产品
Those cords under your desk, I bet everybody here has something that looks like that, or those batteries. 这些在你桌子下的电线,我打赌每个人 都有类似的经历,或者是那些电池
cords:n.(结实的)粗线,细绳;灯芯绒裤子;(cord的复数) bet:n.打赌;赌注;预计;估计;v.下赌注(于);用…打赌;敢说;八成儿;
There are industrial applications. 这些是工业上的应用
industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票;
And then finally, electric vehicles . 并且最后应用于电动汽车中
vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数)
These electric cars are beautiful. 这些电动汽车非常漂亮
But who is going to want to plug them in? 但是有谁愿意很麻烦的去充电呢？
plug:n.插头;塞子;栓;v.塞住;用插头将与电源接通;
Imagine driving into your garage -- we've built a system to do this -- you drive in your garage, and the car charges itself. 想象一下,当你驶入车库时--我们已经建立了某项系统来完成此工作 当你驶入车库,汽车将会自动充电
garage:n.车库;汽车修理厂;飞机库;v.把…送入车库;把(汽车)开进车库;
Because there is a mat on the floor that it plugged into the wall. 因为在地面上有一个插入墙中的垫子
plugged:v.堵塞;封堵;补充;供给;推广;(plug的过去分词和过去式)
And it actually causes your car to charge safely and efficiently . 它让你的汽车能够安全、高效地充电
efficiently:adv.有效地;效率高地(efficient的副词形式);
And then there is all kinds of other applications. Implanted medical devices . 当然这也可以被应用于其它领域中,如被移植的医疗设备
Implanted:植入的; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数);
Where people don't have to die of infections anymore if you can seal the thing up. 人们不会再因为感染而死亡 因为你能够将它密封起来
infections:n.传染病;口腔病害(infection复数形式);
Credit cards, robot vacuum cleaners. 信用卡,真空清洁器都可以使用
So what I'd like to do is take a couple minutes and show you, actually, how it works. 我想做的仅是花上几分钟 再向你们展示它是如何工作的
And what I'm going to do is to show you pretty much what's here. 我将会此向你展示相当精彩的内容
You've got a coil. 你有一卷线圈
That coil is connected to an R.F. amplifier that creates a high frequency oscillating magnetic field. 线圈与射频放大器相连 它（射频放大器）将会产生振荡磁场
amplifier:n.[电子]放大器,扩大器;扩音器; oscillating:adj.[物]振荡的;
We put one on the back of the television set. 我们将它放在电视机的背后
By the way, I do make it look a little bit easier than it is. 对了,我会让它看上去比实际稍微简单一点
There is lots of electronics and secret sauce and all kinds of intellectual property that go into it. 事实上这含有很多电子设备和秘诀 并包括了很多与知识产权相关的问题
sauce:n.酱;调味汁;讨厌的话(或举动);v.给…加滋味;(俚)对…说冒昧话; intellectual property:知识产权;
But then what's going to happen is, it will create a field, it will cause one to get created, on the other side. 但这里将会发生的是,磁场出现了 它制造了一个磁场 在另一面
And if the demo gods are willing, in about 10 seconds or so we should see it. 如果一切顺利地话 在十秒钟之内我们就会看到
demo:v.试用(尤指软件);演示;示范;n.试样唱片;录音样带;
The 10 seconds actually are because we -- 之所以是十秒是因为我们
I don't know if any of you have ever thought about plugging a T.V. in when you use just a cord. 并不曾想到过,这里不是将电视插头插入到插座 而仅仅是使用线圈
plugging:v.堵塞;封堵;补足;补充;推广;宣传;(plug的现在分词)
Generally you have to go over and hit the button. So I thought we put a little computer in it that has to wake up that has to wake up to tell it to do that. 一般而言你得绕过去并按下按钮。所以我想到 我们弄一点设备在其中 使其唤醒那些应该被唤醒的部件并告诉它这样做
to go over:复习;
So, I'll plug that in. 所以,我将它打开
It creates a magnetic field here. 它在此产生了磁场
It causes one to be created out here. 它让此处产生了一个磁场
And, as I said , in sort of about 10 seconds we should start to see ... 正如我所说,在大约十秒钟内 我们将会看到
as I said:正如我所说的
This is a commercially -- 这是在商业上
commercially:adv.商业上;通商上;
(Applause) (鼓掌)
a commercially available color television set. 已经商业化的彩色电视机
Imagine, you get one of these things you want to hang them on the wall. 想象一下,当你拿到这东西并准备挂在墙上时
How many people want to hang them on the wall? 有多少人想将其挂在墙上？
Think about it. You don't want those ugly cords coming down. 想一想。你并不需要让丑陋的线圈垂下来
ugly:adj.丑陋的;邪恶的;令人厌恶的;
Imagine if you can get rid of it. 想象一下如果你能够摆脱它
The other thing I wanted to talk about was safety. 另一件我想谈的事是安全性问题
So, there is nothing going on, I'm okay. 目前在这里啥也没有发生,我很好
And I'll do it again, just for safety's sake . 并且我将再做一次,仅是为了安全原因
sake:n.目的;利益;理由;日本米酒;
Almost immediately though, people ask, "How small can you make this? Can you make this small enough?" 几乎在同时,人们问道 “你可以将它做到多小？能够让它变得足够小吗？”
Because remember Dr. Soljacic's original idea was his wife's cellphone beeping. 因为想起了索尔贾希克博士的最初想法来源于 他夫人的手机铃声
original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的;
So I wanted to show you something. 所以我将会向你们展示一些东西
We're an equal opportunity designer of this sort of thing. 在这样的事上我们有着平等的机会
This a Google G1. 这是Google G1
Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎;
You know, it's the latest thing that's come out. 你知道的,刚出来的最新产品
It runs the Android operating system . 它运行着Android操作系统
Android:n.机器人;安卓操作系统; operating system:n.(计算机)操作系统;
I think I heard somebody talk about that before. 我想以前有人谈到过这玩意
It's odd . It has a battery. 它很奇怪,里面有一块电池
odd:adj.古怪的;奇数的;n.奇数;
It also has coiled electronics that WiTricity has put into the back of it. 在它背后还贴有 WiTricity的线圈电子产品
coiled:adj.盘绕的;卷成圈的;v.卷(coil的过去式和过去分词);盘绕;
And if I can get, sort of, the camera, okay great, you'll see, as I get sort of close... 摄像头能够移一下过来吗？ 很棒,这很不错 你将会看到,当足够接近时
you're looking at a cellphone powered completely wirelessly. 你将会看到手机被无线充电
(Applause) (鼓掌)
And I know some of you are Apple aficionados . 我想,你们中的一部分是苹果迷
aficionados:n.迷;狂热爱好者(aficionado的变形);
So, you know they don't make it easy at Apple to get inside their phones. 因此,你们知道要想利用苹果机内部的一些东西非常困难
So we put a little sleeve on the back. 我们在它背后放了套线
sleeve:n.袖子;套管;有…袖子的;唱片套;v.给…装袖子;
But we should be able to get this guy to wake up too. 但是我们同样需要能够让它被唤醒
And those of you that have an Iphone recognize the green center. 你们那些有iPhone的人,也可以使用这种方式进行充电
recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;
(Applause) (鼓掌)
And Nokia as well. 诺基亚也一样
You'll see that what we did there is put a little thing in the back, to do that, and it probably beeps actually, as it goes on, as well. 你将会看到我们仅是在其背后放了一点小东西 事实上它可能会响起来
beeps:n.哔哔声;v.作哔哔声(beep的第三人称单数形式);
But they typically use it to light up the screen. 但是它们实际上只是利用无线电力让屏幕亮起来
typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地;
So imagine these things could go, they could go in your ceiling. 想象一下这能够放置的区域,它们能够到达到你的天花板
They could go in the floor. They could go, actually, underneath your desktop . 它们也可以到地下,事实上他们还可以放在你桌子下
desktop:n.桌面;桌面(显示使用程序图标的计算机屏幕);
So that when you walk in, or you come in from home, if you carry a purse , it works in your purse. 所以你当你走进来时,或者当你回家时 如果你拿有提包,它也能够在你的提包中工作
purse:n.钱包;资金;财源;备用款;v.噘嘴;
You never have to worry about plugging these things in again. 你永远不用担心再将它插入插座这些事
And think of what that would do for you. 想想它能够为你所做的
So I think in closing, sort of in the immortal visions of The New Yorker Magazine, 所以我想在最后 在最后的一页幻灯片中
immortal:adj.不朽的;神仙的;长生的;n.神仙;不朽人物;
I thought I'd put up one more slide. 放上类似于纽约人杂志的经典插图
And for those of you who can't read it it says, "It does appear to be some kind of wireless technology." 可能有一点看不清楚 图上写着 它看上去像是某种无线技术
So thank you very much. 非常感谢您们倾听
(Applause) (鼓掌)