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EnricoRamirezRuiz_2019S-_你的身体是在恒星的壮丽死亡中锻造出来的_-
We are all atomically connected. 在原子上,我们都是相连的。
atomically:adv.原子级的;
Fundamentally , universally . 根本上,宇宙上,都是。
Fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地 universally:adv.普遍地;人人;到处;
But what does that mean? 但,那是什么意思？
I'm an astrophysicist , and as such, it is my responsibility to trace the cosmic history of every single one of your atoms . 我是天体物理学家,因此, 我的责任是要追踪你的每一个原子 背后的宇宙历史。
astrophysicist:n.天体物理学家; trace:追溯,追踪 cosmic:adj.宇宙的; atoms:n.[物]原子(atom的复数);
In fact, I would say that one of the greatest achievements of modern astronomy is the understanding of how our atoms were actually put together . 事实上,我会说, 现代天文学最伟大的成就之一, 就是了解我们的原子 是如何形成的。
astronomy:n.天文学; put together:..放在一起;组合;装配;
While hydrogen and helium were made during the first two minutes of the big bang , the origin of heavy elements , such as the iron in your blood, the oxygen we're breathing, the silicone in your computers, lies in the life cycle of stars. 在大爆炸的前两分钟, 氢和氦就形成了, 但,重元素如血液中的铁、 我们所呼吸的氧气、 电脑中用的硅, 则起源于星星的生命循环。
hydrogen:n.氢;氢气; helium:n.[化学]氦(符号为He,2号元素); bang:n.猛敲; v.猛敲; v.正好; origin:n.起源;起因;源头;出身; elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) silicone:n.硅树脂;[口腔]硅酮; life cycle:n.生命周期;寿命(产品等从开发到使用完毕的一段时间);
Nuclear reactions take lighter elements and transform them into heavier ones, and that causes stars to shine and ultimately explode , therefore enriching the universe with these heavy elements. 核反应会把较轻的元素 那会导致星星的发光, 最终发生爆炸, 因而让宇宙中充满了这些重元素。
Nuclear:adj.原子能的;[细胞]细胞核的;中心的;原子核的; reactions:n.反应;回应;抗拒;生理反应;副作用(reaction的复数) transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式; ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; explode:v.爆炸;爆裂;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险); enriching:v.使丰富,充实;使饱含(某物);使富有;(enrich的现在分词)
So without stellar death there would be no oxygen or other elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, and therefore, there would be no life. 若没有星星的死亡, 就不会有氧, 或者其他比氢和氦更重的元素, 因此,就不会有生命。
stellar:adj.星的;星球的;主要的;一流的;
There are more atoms in our bodies than stars in the universe. 在我们身体中的原子数 比宇宙中的星星还多。
And these atoms are extremely durable . 这些原子非常耐久。
extremely:adv.非常,极其;极端地; durable:adj.耐用的;耐久的;长期的;长久的;n.耐久品;
The origins of our atoms can be traceable to stars that manufactured them in their interiors and exploded them all across the Milky Way , billions of years ago. 我们原子的源头 可追溯至星星在内部制造它们, 接着将它们炸出来,穿过银河, 这是数十亿年前的事。
origins:n.起源; (origin的复数) traceable:adj.起源于;可追踪的;可描绘的; manufactured:adj.制造的,已制成的;v.制造,加工(manufacture的过去式); interiors:n.内部(interior的复数形式); exploded:adj.分解的; v.爆炸; (explode的过去分词和过去式) Milky Way:na.[天]银河;
And I should know this, because I am indeed a certified stellar mortician . 我会知道这些, 是因为我是有认证的 星星殡葬業者。
certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词) mortician:n.(美)殡葬业者;丧事承办人;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And today, I want to take you on a journey that starts in a supernova explosion and ends with the air that we're breathing right now. 今天我想要带大家踏上一段旅程, 一直到我们现在呼吸的空气为止。
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; supernova:n.超新星; explosion:n.爆炸;爆发;激增;
So what is our body made of? 我们的身体是什么组成的？
Ninety-six percent consists of only four elements: hydrogen, carbon , oxygen and nitrogen . 其中 96% 只由四个元素组成: 氢、碳、氧、氮。
consists:v.由…构成;由…组成(consist的三单形式); carbon:n.[化学]碳;碳棒;复写纸;adj.碳的;碳处理的; nitrogen:n.氮;氮气;
Now the main character of this cosmic tale is oxygen. 这个宇宙故事的主角是氧。
Not only is the vast majority of our bodies made of oxygen, but oxygen is the one element fighting to protect life on earth. 不仅我们的身体很大一部分 都是由氧所构成, 在地球上,氧也是 在努力保护生命的元素。
majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
The vast majority of oxygen in the universe was indeed produced over the entire history of the universe in these supernova explosions . 宇宙中大部分的氧 的确是在整个宇宙历史中 从这些超级新星的爆炸制造出来。
explosions:n.[力]爆炸;爆发(explosion的复数);怒气大作;
These supernova explosions signal the demise of very massive stars. 这些超级新星的爆炸, 表示有非常巨大的星星死亡了。
demise:n.死亡,终止;转让;传位;vt.遗赠;禅让; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
And for a brilliant month, one supernova explosion can be brighter than an entire galaxy containing billions of stars. 在这明亮的一整个月中, 一个超级新星爆炸的亮度就超过了 包含数十亿颗星星的银河。
galaxy:n.银河;[天]星系;银河系;一群显赫的人;
That is truly remarkable . 这真的很惊人。
remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的;
That is because massive stars burn brighter and have a spectacular death, compared to other stars. 这是因为巨大的星星 燃烧起来会更明亮, 且和其他星星相比, 它的死亡也更壮丽。
spectacular:adj.壮观的;壮丽的;令人惊叹的;n.壮观的场面;精彩的表演; compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词)
Nuclear fusion is really the lifeblood of all stars, including the sun, and as a result is the root source of all the energy on earth. 核融合是所有星星的命脉, 包括太阳, 因此也是地球上所有能量的根源。
Nuclear fusion:na.核聚变;核融合;"atomicfusion"的变体; lifeblood:n.生机的根源;生命必须的血液;命脉;命根子; as a result:结果; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
You can think of stars as these fusion factories which are powered by smashing atoms together in their hot and dense interiors. 可以把这些星星想成是融合工厂, 工厂的动力来源则是 在其又热又密的内部 将原子彼此撞击。
smashing:adj.了不起的,极好的;粉碎性的,猛烈的;v.粉碎(smash的现在分词); dense:adj.稠密的;浓厚的;愚钝的;
Now, stars like our sun, which are relatively small, burn hydrogen into helium, but heavier stars of about eight times the mass of the sun continue this burning cycle even after they exhausted their helium in their cores . 星星就像我们的太阳, 它们相对很小, 将氢燃烧成为氦, 但,比较重的星星 质量有太阳的八倍, 它们会持续这个燃烧循环, 即使在它们核心的氦 已经耗尽,仍会持续。
relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地; exhausted:adj.筋疲力尽的; v.使筋疲力尽; (exhaust的过去分词和过去式) cores:n.[晶体]核心; v.挖去(水果的)果心(core的第三人称单数);
So at this point, the massive star is left with a carbon core, which, as you know, is the building block of life. 此时, 巨大的星星剩下一个碳核心, 也就是建造生命的积木。
This carbon core continues to collapse and as a result, the temperature increases, which allows further nuclear reactions to take place , and carbon then burns into oxygen, into neon , silicon, sulphur and ultimately iron. 这个碳核心会持续崩塌, 因此,温度会上升, 让进一步的核融核发生, 接着,碳会燃烧成为氧, 成为氖、硅、硫, 最终成为铁。
collapse:vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌;vt.使倒塌,使崩溃;使萎陷;折叠;n.倒塌;失败;衰竭; take place:发生;举行; neon:n.霓虹灯;氖(10号元素,符号Ne); sulphur:n.硫磺;硫磺色;vt.使硫化;用硫磺处理;
And iron is the end. 铁就是终点。
Why? Because iron is the most bound nuclei in the universe, which means that we cannot extract energy by burning iron. 为什么？因为铁是 宇宙中最被束缚的核心, 意即,我们无法透过 燃烧铁来取得能量。
bound:n.跳跃:v.跳跃着跑:形成…的边界(或界限)adj.一定会:很可能会: nuclei:n.核心,核子;原子核(nucleus的复数形式); extract:v.提取;取出;摘录;榨取;n.汁;摘录;榨出物;选粹;
So when the entire core of the massive star is made of iron, it's run out of fuel. 当巨大星星的整个核心都变成铁做的, 它就没有燃料了。
run out of:用完;
And that's an incredibly bad day for a star. 对星星而言,那是很糟糕的一天。
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Without fuel, it cannot generate heat, and therefore gravity has won the battle. 没有燃料,它就无法产生热, 因此,引力就打赢了这场仗。
generate:v.产生;引起;
The iron core has no other choice but to collapse, reaching incredibly high densities . 铁核心没有其他选择,只能崩塌, 达到非常高的密度。
densities:n.密度(density的复数);
Think of 300 million tons reduced to a space the size of a sugar cube . 想想看,三亿公吨的重量, 缩小到一块方糖的大小。
sugar cube:n.方糖;
At these extreme high densities, the core actually resists collapse, and as a result, all of this infalling material bounces off the core. 在这个极高的密度之下, 核心会抵抗崩塌, 因此, 所有这些下塌的物质 会被核心反弹。
resists:v.抵制;阻挡;反抗;回击;n.防腐剂;防染剂;
And this dramatic bounce , which happens in a fraction of a second or so, is responsible for ejecting the rest of the star in all directions, ultimately forming a supernova explosion. 这戏剧性的反弹时间不到一秒钟, 但就造成星星的其他部分 朝向各个方向射出, 最终,形成了超级新星爆炸。
dramatic:adj.突然的;巨大的;令人吃惊的;激动人心的; bounce:v.反弹;反射;(使)弹起;n.弹跳;跳动;弹性; fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量; responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的; ejecting:v.喷射(eject的ing形式);
So, sadly, from the perspective of an astrophysicist, the conditions in the centers of these exploding stars cannot be recreated in a laboratory . 所以,感伤的是, 我们无法在实验室中重新创造出 这些爆炸星星中心的条件。
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; exploding:v.爆炸;爆裂;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险);(explode的现在分词) recreated:v.再现;再创造;(recreate的过去分词和过去式) laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Now, thankfully for humanity , we're not able to do that. 人类应该觉得谢天谢地 我们做不到这件事。
thankfully:adv.感谢地;感激地; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But what does that mean? 但那就意味着天体物理学家
That means that as astrophysicists , we have to rely on sophisticated computer simulations in order to understand these complex phenomena . 必须要仰赖精密的电脑模拟 来了解这些复杂的现象。
astrophysicists:天体物理学家(astrophysicist的复数); rely:vi.依靠;信赖; sophisticated:adj.复杂的;老练的;见多识广的;水平高的; simulations:n.[计]模拟(simulation的复数);[计]仿真; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; phenomena:n.现象(phenomenon的复数);
These simulations can be used to really understand how gas behaves under such extreme conditions. 这些模拟可以用来真正了解 气体在这些极端条件下的行为。
behaves:v.表现;表现得体;有礼貌;(behave的第三人称单数)
And can be used to answer fundamental questions like, "What ultimately disrupted the massive star?" 也可以用来回答基础的问题, 如,「最终,巨大的星星 是被什么瓦解的？」
disrupted:破坏;使瓦解;使分裂;使中断;使陷于混乱(disrupt的过去分词形式);
'"How is it that this implosion can be reversed into an explosion?" 「这种向内爆炸怎么能够 被反转成向外爆炸？」
implosion:n.向内破裂;内破裂音; reversed:v.颠倒; (reverse的过去分词和过去式)
There's a huge amount of debate in the field, but we all agree that neutrinos , which are these elusive elementary particles , play a crucial role. 在这个领域中有很多辩论, 但大家都认同微中子, 也就是这些很难捉摸的基本粒子, 扮演着关键的角色。
debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; neutrinos:n.中微子(neutrino的复数); elusive:adj.难懂的;易忘的;逃避的;难捉摸的; elementary:adj.基本的;初级的;[化学]元素的; particles:n.微粒,粒子;粒子系统;碎木料(particle的复数形式); crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的;
Yeah? 是吧？
I'm about to show you one of those simulations. 我等下会让各位看其中一项模拟。
So neutrinos are produced in huge numbers once the core collapses . 一旦核心崩塌,就会有 大量的微中子产生。
collapses:v.(突然)倒塌,坍塌;昏倒;坐下;(collapse的第三人称单数)
And in fact, they are responsible for transferring the energy in this core. 事实上, 在核心中能量的传递就要靠它们。
transferring:n.[计]转移,传递;v.移动,[计]转移(transfer的现在分词形式);
Like thermal radiation in a heater , neutrinos pump energy into the core, increasing the possibility of disrupting the star. 就像暖气机中的热辐射, 中子会把能量打入核心中, 增加瓦解星星的可能性。
thermal:adj.热的;热量的;保热的;n.上升的热气流; radiation:n.辐射;放射线;放射疗法; heater:n.加热器;加热工; pump:n.抽水机;泵;打气筒;v.用泵输送;涌出;奔流;快速摇动; disrupting:v.扰乱;使中断;打乱;(disrupt的现在分词)
In fact, for about a fraction of a second, neutrinos pump so much energy that the pressure increases high enough that a shock wave is produced and the shock wave goes and disrupts the entire star. 事实上,在大约一秒钟的时间中, 中子会打入非常多能量, 让压力增加到 冲击波便会瓦解整个星星。
shock wave:n.(爆炸、地震等引起的)冲击波;震惊;震荡; disrupts:v.使…紊乱;使…瓦解(disrupt的单三形式);
And it is in that shock wave where elements are produced. 而元素正是在 那冲击波当中产生的。
So thank you, neutrinos. 所以,谢谢你,微中子。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Supernovas shine bright, and for a brief period of time, they radiate more energy than the sun will in its entire lifetime. 超级新星很明亮, 在一段很短暂的时间中, 它们放射出的能量超过 太阳一生所放射出的能量。
Supernovas:n.超新星;(supernova的复数) radiate:vt.辐射; vi.辐射; adj.辐射状的,有射线的;
That point of light that you see there, which was certainly not there before, burns like a beacon , clearly indicating the position where the massive star has died. 各位看到的这个光点, 它以前肯定不在那里, 它燃烧起来亮得像灯塔一样, 清楚指出巨大星星死亡的位置。
beacon:n.灯塔; v.像灯塔般照耀; indicating:v.表明;显示;象征;暗示;(indicate的现在分词)
In a galaxy like our own Milky Way, we estimate that about once every 50 years, a massive star dies. 在像我们这样的银河中, 我们估计,大约每五十年 就有一个巨大星星死亡。
estimate:v.估计;估算;估价;n.估价;(对大小、数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本;
This implies that somewhere in the universe, there's a supernova explosion every second or so. 这就表示,每一秒钟左右, 在宇宙中的某处 就有一个超级新星爆炸。
implies:v.意味着(imply的第三人称单数);蕴含;暗指;
And thankfully for astronomers , some of them are actually found relatively close to earth. 对天文学家而言,谢天谢地, 当中有些还非常靠近地球。
astronomers:天文学家;
Various civilizations recorded these supernova explosions long before the telescope was invented. 在早望远镜发明之前, 就有许多文明记载了 超级新星爆炸的记录。
civilizations:n.文明(civilization的复数形式); telescope:n.望远镜;v.(使)叠套缩短;精简;
The most famous of all of them is probably the supernova explosion that gave rise to the Crab Nebula . 当中最有名的, 可能就是形成蟹状星云的 那个超级新星爆炸。
Crab:n.蟹;螃蟹;蟹肉;阴虱病;v.捕蟹;用爪抓;使侧航;使斜行; Nebula:n.星云;角膜云翳;
Yeah? 对吧？
Korean and Chinese astronomers recorded this supernova in 1054, as did, almost certainly, Native Americans. 1054 年,韩国和中国的天文学家 几乎可以肯定, 美国原住民也有这项记载。
Korean:n.朝鲜族;韩国人;朝鲜话;adj.朝鲜的;朝鲜族的;朝鲜话的; Native:adj.本国的;土著的;天然的;与生俱来的;天赋的;n.本地人;土产;当地居民;
This supernova happened about 5,600 light-years away from earth. 这颗超级新星在距离地球 大约五千六百光年的地方。
light-years:n.光年;
And it was so incredibly bright that astronomers could see it during the day. 它非常亮, 天文学家在白天就能看见它。
And it was visible to the naked eye for about two years in the night sky. 有大约两年的时间, 晚上都可以用肉眼看见它。
visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目; naked:adj.裸体的;无装饰的;无证据的;直率的;
Fast forward 1,000 years or so later, and what do we see? 快转一千年左右,我们看到什么？
We see these filaments that were blasted by the explosion, moving at 300 miles per second. 我们看到爆炸炸开的这些光丝, 移动速度为每秒钟三百英里。
filaments:n.[植]花丝;细丝(filament的复数);[电子]灯丝;电加热丝; blasted:adj.该死的,可恶的; v.炸毁,把…炸成碎片; (blast的过去分词和过去式)
These filaments are essential for us to understand how massive stars die. 若我们要了解巨大星星如何死亡, 这些光丝就非常重要。
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
The image that you see there was assembled by the Hubble Space Telescope over a span of three months. 各位看见的这张影像 是用哈伯太空望远镜 收集了三个月时间的成果。
assembled:v.聚集;集合;收集;装配;组装;(assemble的过去分词和过去式) span:n.持续时间; v.持续;
And it is incredibly important to astronomers because it ultimately carries the chemical legacy of the star that exploded. 它对天文学家非常重要, 因为,最终,它带着 爆炸星星的化学遗产。
chemical:n.化学制品,化学药品;adj.化学的; legacy:n.遗赠,遗产;
The orange filaments that you see there are the tattered remains of the star, and are made primarily of hydrogen, while the blue and red filaments that you see are the freshly synthesized oxygen. 各位看见的橘色光丝 主要是由氢所构成, 至于蓝色和红色的光丝 则是刚合成的氧。
tattered:adj.破烂的,衣衫褴褛的;v.变破烂(tatter的过去分词); primarily:adv.首先;主要地,根本上; freshly:adv.新近;精神饱满地; synthesized:adj.合成的;综合的;v.合成(synthesize的过去分词);综合;
So studying supernova remnants , like the Crab Nebula, allowed astronomers to firmly conclude that the vast majority of oxygen on earth was produced by supernova explosions over the history of the universe. 所以,天文学家透过 研究超级新星的残余物, 比如蟹状星云,就能肯定地下结论 认为地球上绝大部分的氧气是由 宇宙历史上的超级新星 爆炸所产生的。
remnants:n.残余;残留物(remnant的复数);adj.残存的; conclude:v.断定:得出结论:终止:达成:缔结(协定)
And we can estimate that in order to assemble all the atoms of oxygen in our body, it took on the order of a 100 million supernova. 我们可以估计, 要集合出我们身体中 所有的氧原子, 会需要大约一亿个超级新星。
So every bit of you, or at least the majority of it, came from one of these supernova explosions. 所以,各位的全身上下, 至少绝大部分, 都来自其中一个超级新星爆炸。
So now you may be wondering, how is it that these atoms that were generated in such extreme conditions ultimately took residence in our body? 现在,各位可能会纳闷, 在这些极端的条件下 产生出来的原子 最终怎么会进到我们的身体？
generated:v.产生;引起;(generate的过去式和过去分词) residence:n.住宅,住处;居住;
So I want you to follow the thought experiment. 我想请大家来做一个思想实验。
Imagine that we're in the Milky Way, and a supernova happens. 想像我们银河出现了一颗超级新星。
It blasted tons and tons of oxygen atoms almost into empty space. 它把大量的氧原子炸出来, 进入空荡荡的太空中。
A few of them were able to be assembled in a cloud. 当中少数组合成了星云。
Now, 4.5 billion years ago, something unsettled that cloud and caused it to collapse, forming the sun in its center and the solar system . 四十五亿年前, 某样东西动摇了 那星云,让它崩塌, 在其中心形成了太阳以及太阳系。
unsettled:adj.未决定的;怀疑的;未处理的;不整齐的; solar system:[天]太阳系;
So the sun, the planets and life on earth depend on this beautiful cycle of stellar birth, stellar death and stellar rebirth . 所以,太阳、行星, 以及地球上的生命 都要仰赖这个美丽的循环: 恒星诞生、恒星死亡、恒星再生。
rebirth:n.再生;复兴;
And this continues the recycling of atoms in the universe. 因此,宇宙中的原子回收 也持续进行下去。
recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
And as a result, astronomy and chemistry are intimately connected. 因此,天文学和化学 有着密切的关联。
intimately:adv.熟悉地;亲切地;私下地;
We are life forms that have evolved to inhale the waste products of plants. 我们这种生命形式,
evolved:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;(evolve的过去分词和过去式) inhale:vt.吸入;猛吃猛喝;vi.吸气;
But now you know that we also inhale the waste products of supernova explosions. 但,现在各位知道我们也会 吸入超级新星爆炸的废弃产物。
(Laughter) （笑声）
So take a moment, inhale. 所以,花点时间,深深吸口气。
An oxygen atom has just gone into your body. 氧原子刚进入了你的身体。
It is certain that that oxygen [atom] 可以肯定,那氧原子
remembers that it was in the interior of a star and it was probably manufactured by a supernova explosion. 记得它曾待在一个星星的内部, 且它很可能是由 超级新星爆炸所产生的。
This atom may have traveled the entire solar system until it splashed on earth, long before reaching you. 这个原子可能穿过了整个太阳系, 才落在地球上, 又过了好长的时间才遇到你。
splashed:v.泼洒;把(水、泥等)泼在…上(splash的过去分词和过去式)
When we breathe, we use hundreds of liters of oxygen every day. 当我们呼吸时, 每天要用掉数百公升的氧。
liters:n.(计量)公升(容量单位)(liter的复数)
So I'm incredibly lucky to be standing in front of this beautiful audience, but I'm actually stealing your oxygen atoms. 所以,我非常幸运能够 站在这群美好的观众面前, 但我其实是在偷你们的氧原子。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And because I'm speaking to you, 因为我在对各位说话,
I'm giving you some of them back, that once resided in me. 我会把一些曾经在 我体内的氧原子还给你们。
resided:居住;存在;
So breathing, yeah, participates in this beautiful exchange of atoms. 所以,呼吸吧, 参与这美好的原子交换。
participates:v.参与;参加(participate的第三人称单数);分享; exchange:n.交换;交流;交易所;兑换;v.交换;交易;兑换;
And you can then ask, "Well, how many atoms in our body once belonged to Frida Kahlo?" 接着,各位可以问: 「我们体内有多少原子
(Laughter) （笑声）
About 100,000 of them. 大约十万个。
100,000 more probably belonged to Marie Curie , 100,000 more to Sally Ride, or whoever you want to think of. 可能还有十万个是属于居礼夫人, 另外十万个属于 莎莉莱德（物理学家）, 或其他你想到的人。
Curie:n.[核]居里(姓氏); whoever:任何人:无论是谁:
So breathing is not only filling our lungs with cosmic history, but with human history. 所以,呼吸让我们的肺部 也充满人类的历史。
I would like to end my talk by sharing a myth that is very close to my heart. 我想分享一个和我关系密切神话, 作为这场演说的结尾。
myth:n.神话;虚构的人,虚构的事;
A myth from the Chichimeca culture, which is a very powerful Mesoamerican culture. 这个神话来自奇奇梅克文化, 它是个非常强大的中美洲文化。
And the Chichimecas believe that our essence was assembled in the heavens. 奇奇梅克相信, 我们的本质是在天上合成的。
essence:n.本质;实质;精髓;香精;
And on its journey towards us, it actually fragmented into tons of different pieces. 在来到我们这里的路上, 破成了非常多不同的碎片。
fragmented:v.(使)碎裂,破裂,分裂;(fragment的过去分词和过去式)
So my abuelo used to say, "One of the reasons you feel incomplete is because you are missing your pieces." 我祖父以前常说: 「你会感到不完整,理由之一 是因为你少了你的碎片。」
incomplete:n.未完成;adj.不完整的;不完全的;不完善的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"But don't be fooled by that. 「但,别被它骗了。
You've been given an incredible opportunity of growth. 你得到了非常棒的成长机会。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
Why? 为什么？
Because it's not like those pieces were scattered on earth and you have to go and pick them up. 因为并不是那些碎片散在地球各地, 而你得去把它们捡回来。
scattered:adj.零散的; v.撒; (scatter的过去分词和过去式)
No, those pieces fell into other people. 不,那些碎片落到了其他人身上。
And only by sharing them you will become more complete. 只有透过分享,你才会变得更完整。
Yes, during your life, there's going to be individuals that have these huge pieces that make you feel whole. 是的,在你一生中, 会有些人拥有巨大的碎片, 让你感到完整。
individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
But in your quest of being complete, you have to treasure and share every single one of those pieces." 但在你追寻完整的旅程中, 你必须要珍惜并分享每一片碎片。」
quest:n.追求;寻找;vi.追求;寻找;vt.探索;
Sounds a lot like the story of oxygen to me. 我觉得这听起来很像是氧的故事。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Which started in the heavens in a supernova explosion, and continues today, within the confines of our humanity. 氧也始于天上的超级新星爆炸, 持续至今, 存在于我们人类的界线当中。
confines:n.范围;界限;疆界(confine的复数);v.限制;禁闭(confine的三单形式);
Our atoms in our body have embarked on an epic odyssey , with time spans from billions of years to mere centuries, all leading to you, all of you, witnesses of the universe. 我们体内的原子展开了 一段史诗般的长途飘泊, 时间横跨数十亿年到仅仅几世纪, 全都朝你们而来, 你们所有人, 宇宙的见证人。
embarked:v.上船;装船;(embark的过去式和过去分词) epic:adj.史诗的,叙事诗的;n.史诗;叙事诗;史诗般的作品; odyssey:n.奥德赛(古希腊史诗); spans:n.[建]跨度;一段时间(span的复数);v.跨越;持续;贯穿(span的第三人称单数); mere:adj.仅仅的;只不过的;n.小湖;池塘; witnesses:n.[法]证人; v.作证;
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）