EmilyPilloton.2010G-.教授改变世界的设计.；TED演讲稿

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EmilyPilloton_2010G-_教授改变世界的设计_
So this is a story of a place that I now call home.	这是一个故事一个关于一个我现在称之为“家”的地方的故事
It's a story of public education and of rural communities and of what design might do to improve both.	一个关于公共教育和乡村社区还有设计如何能改善这两项的故事。
rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) improve:v.改进;改善;
So this is Bertie County ,	这就是伯蒂(Bertie)县
County:n.郡,县;
North Carolina , USA.	它位于美国北卡罗来纳州。
Carolina:n.卡罗莱纳州(在美国东南部);
To give you an idea of the "where:"	为了让你们对它的位置有一个清晰的概念
So here's North Carolina, and if we zoom in,	这就是北卡罗来纳,如果我们放大一下,
Bertie County is in the eastern part of the state.	伯蒂县就在这个州的东部,
eastern:adj.东方的;向东的;东部的;东方国家的;n.东方人;东正教信徒;
It's about two hours east driving-time from Raleigh.	它距离罗莉（Raleigh）市大概有两小时的车程
And it's very flat. It's very swampy .	那里地势很平坦,而且有很多沼泽。
swampy:adj.沼泽的;湿地的;沼泽多的;松软的;
It's mostly farmland .	那里的土地大多数用于耕地。
farmland:n.农田;
The entire county is home to just 20,000 people, and they're very sparsely distributed .	整个县只有20000人,而且居住的很分散。
sparsely:adv.稀疏地;贫乏地; distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式)
So there's only 27 people per square mile , which comes down to about 10 people per square kilometer.	所以大概每平方公里只有27个人。而每平方千米降到只有10个人左右。 10个人左右。
square mile:n.平方英里城(指伦敦金融城)(银行和金融业的聚集地);
Bertie County is kind of a prime example in the demise of rural America.	伯蒂(Bertie)县是正在消失的美国农村的一个主要的例子
prime:adj.主要的; v.极好地; n.初期; v.使准备好; demise:n.死亡,终止;转让;传位;vt.遗赠;禅让;
We've seen this story all over the country and even in places beyond the American borders.	整个国家到处都是这样的故事甚至是美国之外的地方
We know the symptoms .	我们已经发现这一征兆
symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数)
It's the hollowing out of small towns.	这意味着小城镇的空洞化
hollowing:n.打凹成形(雕塑技法);v.挖空,弄凹(hollow的ing形式);
It's downtowns becoming ghost towns.	这意味着商业区变成城市的废墟
downtowns:adv.往闹市区;在市区;adj.市中心的;n.市中心区;三分线以外; ghost:n.鬼,幽灵;v.作祟于;替…捉刀;为人代笔;
The brain drain -- where all of the most educated and qualified leave and never come back.	-人才流失-- 那些受过高等教育和有能力的人通通都离开了那里,而且再也不回来。
brain drain:人才外流;智囊流失; qualified:adj.有资格的; v.合格; (qualify的过去分词和过去式)
It's the dependence on farm subsidies and under-performing schools and higher poverty rates in rural areas than in urban .	农村与城市相比, 对于政府补贴更加依赖学校的水平底下而且贫困率更高。
dependence:n.依赖;依靠;信任;信赖; subsidies:n.补贴;补助金;津贴;(subsidy的复数) poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
And Bertie County is no exception to this.	伯蒂(Bertie)县也不例外
exception:n.例外;异议;
Perhaps the biggest thing it struggles with, like many communities similar to it, is that there's no shared, collective investment in the future of rural communities.	或许这个县所面临的最大的问题和其它与之类似的社区一样, 就是没有对于农村未来的共享的,集体的投资
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; investment:n.投资;投入;封锁;
Only 6.8 percent of all our philanthropic giving in the U.S. right now benefits rural communities, and yet 20 percent of our population lives there.	现在整个美国的慈善捐助,只有6.8% 用于农村社区。但居住在农村地区的人口却占总人口的20%。
philanthropic:adj.博爱的;仁慈的;
So Bertie County is not only very rural; it's incredibly poor.	所以伯蒂县不单单只是农村,而且那里非常的贫困。
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
It is the poorest county in the state.	它是北卡罗来纳州最贫困的县。
It has one in three of its children living in poverty, and it's what is referred to as a "rural ghetto ."	三分之一的孩子生活在贫困之中, 这被成为农村贫困区。
referred:v.提到;引用;认为;指示;涉及;(refer的过去式和过去分词) ghetto:n.犹太人区;贫民区;vt.使集中居住;
The economy is mostly agricultural .	那里的经济主要依靠农业,
economy:n.经济;节约;理财; agricultural:adj.农业的;农艺的;
The biggest crops are cotton and tobacco, and we're very proud of our Bertie County peanut .	主要农作物是棉花和烟草, 和我们引以为豪的花生。
peanut:n.花生;微不足道的人;adj.微不足道的;
The biggest employer is the Purdue chicken processing plant.	那里最大的雇主是Purdue鸡肉处理厂
employer:n.雇主,老板; Purdue:n.普杜大学(美国一所大学); processing:v.加工;处理;审核;数据处理;v.列队行进;缓缓前进;(process的现在分词)
The county seat is Windsor .	伯蒂县位于温莎市
Windsor:n.温莎(地名,伦敦西方的城市);
This is like Times Square of Windsor that you're looking at right now.	你们现在看到的是温莎市的泰晤士广场 .
It's home to only 2,000 people, and like a lot of other small towns it has been hollowed out over the years.	这里仅有2000居民, 而且和其他很多小城镇一样它已经“空洞化”很多年了。
hollowed:空心的;凹陷的;
There are more buildings that are empty or in disrepair than occupied and in use.	这里空的或者破损的建筑比正在被使用的数量更多。
disrepair:n.失修,塌毁;破损; occupied:adj.被占领的; v.占用; (occupy的过去分词和过去式)
You can count the number of restaurants in the county on one hand --	县里的餐馆数量屈指可数你用一只手就可以数过来
on one hand:一方面;
Bunn's Barbecue being my absolute favorite.	Bunn的烤肉店绝对是我的最爱,
Barbecue:n.烧烤;(户外烧烤用的)烤架;v.(在烤架上)烧烤;
But in the whole county there is no coffee shop , there's no Internet cafe, there's no movie theater , there's no bookstore.	但是整个县没有一家咖啡店那里也没有网吧, 没有电影院,没有书店。
coffee shop:na.咖啡店;(一般的)小餐馆; movie theater:n.电影院;
There isn't even a Walmart .	甚至是没有沃尔玛。
Walmart:n.沃尔玛(世界连锁零售企业);
Racially , the county is about 60 percent African American , but what happens in the public schools is most of the privileged white kids go to the private Lawrence Academy .	在人种分布上,这个县大约有60%的人是黑人, 但是在公立学校中, 由于多数白种小孩都去了私立的劳伦斯中学,
Racially:adv.人种上;按人种; African American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); privileged:adj.有特权的; v.给予特权; (privilege的过去式和过去分词) Academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校;
So the public school students are about 86 percent African American.	所以在公立学校中黑种人占了86%。
public school:(美国和苏格兰的初等或中等的)公立中小学;寄宿学校;
And this is a spread from the local newspaper of the recent graduating class, and you can see the difference is pretty stark.	这是一张在当地报纸上登出的最近的毕业班学生的照片你们可以看到当中的区别很明显。
So to say that the public education system in Bertie County is struggling would be a huge understatement .	所以说伯蒂县的公共教育系统生存艰难是很保守的说法。
understatement:n.保守的陈述;不充分的陈述;有保留的陈述;
There's basically no pool of qualified teachers to pull from, and only eight percent of the people in the county have a bachelor's degree or higher.	那里没有一个输出优秀教师的源头。整个县只有8%的人拥有本科或本科以上的文凭。
basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
So there isn't a big legacy in the pride of education.	所以这是一个很大关于教育的遗留问题。
legacy:n.遗赠,遗产;
In fact, two years ago, only 27 percent of all the third- through eighth-graders were passing the state standard in both English and math.	事实上,两年前, 在仅有的三分之一接收过八年级教育的人中,只有27% 的人在数学和英语上达到国家标准。
standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的;
So it sounds like I'm painting a really bleak picture of this place, but I promise there is good news.	听起来我好像是在描述一副关于这一地区的很惨淡的画面, 但是我可以保证我们有好的消息。
bleak:adj.阴冷的;荒凉的,无遮蔽的;黯淡的,无希望的;冷酷的;单调的;
The biggest asset, in my opinion , one of the biggest assets in Bertie County right now is this man:	我认为伯蒂县现在最大的财富之一就是这个人,
in my opinion:在我看来;我认为; assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;(一项)财物;资产;(asset的名词复数)
This is Dr. Chip Zullinger, fondly known as Dr. Z.	这是Chip Zullinger博士, 我们亲切的称他为Z博士。
Chip:v.削,凿;削成碎片;剥落;碎裂;n.[电子]芯片;筹码;碎片;(食物的)小片;薄片; fondly:adv.天真地;怜爱地;温柔地;
He was brought in in October 2007 as the new superintendent to basically fix this broken school system.	他是在2007年十月人作为改善已经破碎的教育系统的负责来到伯蒂县的
superintendent:n.监督人;负责人;主管;指挥者;
And he previously was a superintendent in Charleston, South Carolina and then in Denver , Colorado .	他以前在南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿和科罗拉多州(位于美国西部)的丹佛担任过负责人。
previously:adv.先前;以前; Denver:n.丹佛(地名,美国城市); Colorado:n.科罗拉多;[城]科罗拉多州;科罗拉多河;
He started some of the country's first charter schools in the late '80s in the U.S.	他首先从伯蒂县最早的一些80年代建的特许学校开始
charter:n.章程; v.包租(飞机、船等);
And he is an absolute renegade and a visionary , and he is the reason that I now live and work there.	他绝对具有改革精神而且是极有远见的他也是我在伯蒂县定居和工作的原因。
renegade:n.叛徒;变节者;脱党者;vi.背叛;脱离;adj.叛徒的;背弃的;脱离的; visionary:adj.梦想的;幻影的;n.空想家;梦想者;有眼力的人;
So in February of 2009,	在2009年2月
Dr. Zullinger invited us, Project H Design -- which is a non-profit design firm that I founded -- to come to Bertie and to partner with him on the repair of this school district and to bring a design perspective to the repair of the school district.	Zullinger邀请我们,H设计项目-- 一个我建立的非盈利的设计公司去伯蒂县并与他合作去修复这一学区用设计的观点去修复这一学区
non-profit:adj.非营利的; school district:n.学区; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
And he invited us in particular because we have a very specific type of design process -- one that results in appropriate design solutions in places that don't usually have access to design services or creative capital.	他邀请我们主要是因为我们有很特别的设计过程类型这种类型是为那些在通常情况下没机会接触到设计服务或者创意资本的地区设计合理的解决方案的结果
in particular:尤其,特别; specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出; creative:adj.创造性的;
Specifically , we use these six design directives , probably the most important being number two: we design with, not for -- in that, when we're doing humanitarian-focused design, it's not about designing for clients anymore.	特别的,我们有六个设计教条可能其中最重要的是第二个我们不是为谁设计,而是与谁一起设计。基于这一点,当我们的设计关注于人道主义时我们已经不再是为了客户而设计。
Specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; directives:n.指令(directive的复数形式);指示; clients:n.委托人;当事人;客户机;(client的复数)
It's about designing with people, and letting appropriate solutions emerge from within.	而是与别人一起共同设计然后让合理的解决方法从内部形成。
emerge:v.浮现;显现;暴露;露出真相;
So at the time of being invited down there, we were based in San Francisco, and so we were going back and forth for basically the rest of 2009, spending about half our time in Bertie County.	一开始我们刚被邀请到那里时我们还住在圣弗朗西斯科所以我们在2009年余下的时间里基本上都是要来回的奔波在伯蒂县的时间大约占了我们的一半时间
back and forth:前后移动的,来回的,反复的;
And when I say we, I mean Project H, but more specifically, I mean myself and my partner, Matthew Miller , who's an architect and a sort of MacGyver-type builder .	当我说我们时,我指的是H项目的人但更确切的说,我指的是我自己和我的伙伴,马修米勒一位设计师和麦吉弗类型的建筑师
Miller:n.磨坊主;磨坊工人; architect:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者; builder:n.建筑者;建立者;
So fast-forward to today, and we now live there.	快进到现在,我们现在住在伯蒂县
fast-forward:n.快进功能;adj.进展迅速的;vi.快进;vt.使快进;
I have strategically cut Matt's head out of this photo, because he would kill me if he knew I was using it because of the sweatsuits.	我不得不把这张照片上的马修的头剪掉因为如果他知道我在用它的话,他会杀了我的主要是因为他穿的运动服
strategically:adv.战略性地;战略上;
But this is our front porch . We live there.	这是我们的前门廊,我们住在那里
porch:n.门廊;走廊;
We now call this place home.	我们现在把这个地方称作就“家”
Over the course of this year that we spent flying back and forth, we realized we had fallen in love with the place.	通过这一年往复的飞来飞去我们认识到我们已经爱上了这个地方
We had fallen in love with the place and the people and the work that we're able to do in a rural place like Bertie County, that, as designers and builders , you can't do everywhere.	我们已经爱上了这片土地和这里的人们我们现在在像伯蒂县这样的农村地区所做的工作------ 做设计师和建筑师不是在每一个地方都能做的。
builders:n.[建]施工人员(builder的复数);生成器;
There's space to experiment and to weld and to test things.	这是一个可以去试验, 去结合和测试不同东西的地方
weld:v.焊接;熔接;锻接;使紧密结合;n.焊接点;焊接处;
We have an amazing advocate in Dr. Zullinger.	我们有Zullinger博士的大力支持
advocate:v.拥护;支持;提倡;n.支持者;提倡者;辩护律师;出庭辩护人;
There's a nobility of real, hands-on , dirt-under-your-fingernails work.	去做那些务实的,真正的脏活累活是高尚的
nobility:n.贵族;高贵;高尚; hands-on:adj.亲身实践的,亲自动手的;
But beyond our personal reasons for wanting to be there, there is a huge need.	但是留在那里,除了我们个人的原因还有就是因为那里有巨大的需求
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
There is a total vacuum of creative capital in Bertie County.	伯蒂县的创新资本基本上是空的
vacuum:n.真空; adj.真空的; v.用真空吸尘器清扫;
There isn't a single licensed architect in the whole county.	整个县没有一个真正有执照的设计师
licensed:adj.得到许可的;获准拥有的;v.批准;许可(license的过去分词和过去式)
And so we saw an opportunity to bring design as this untouched tool, something that Bertie County didn't otherwise have, and to be sort of the -- to usher that in as a new type of tool in their tool kit .	我们看到了一个机会一个把设计作为一种没有被触及的工具带给伯蒂县的机会把设计作为一种新型的工具添加到他们的工具包的机会
untouched:adj.未受影响的;未改变的;未触动过的;不受感动的; usher:v.引入;引领;引导;把…引往;n.引座员;(法院的)传达员,门卫;男傧相; kit:v.装备;n.成套工具;配套元件;成套设备;全套衣服及装备;
The initial goal became using design within the public education system in partnership with Dr. Zullinger -- that was why we were there.	我们最初来到这里的目标是为了和Zullinger博士一起设计公共教育系统这是为什么我们来到这里
initial:adj.最初的; n.(名字的)首字母; v.用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于; partnership:n.合伙;[经管]合伙企业;合作关系;合伙契约;
But beyond that, we recognized that Bertie County, as a community , was in dire need of a fresh perspective of pride and connectedness and of the creative capital that they were so much lacking.	但是除了这些,我们认识到作为一个社区,伯蒂县极其需要对于荣耀和与与外界连通的新视角还有就是他们非常缺乏的创新资本
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; connectedness:n.[数]连通性;
So the goal became, yes, to apply design within education, but then to figure out how to make education a great vehicle for community development.	所以最后我们的目标变为了,是的,把用设计来进行教育然后找出如何能让教育成为推动社区建设的动力
apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; vehicle:n.[车辆]车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物;
So in order to do this, we've taken three different approaches to the intersection of design and education.	为了做到这些,我们有三种不同的方法来得到教育和设计的结合点
approaches:v.靠近,接近; n.方式,方法,态度; intersection:n.交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点;
And I should say that these are three things that we've done in Bertie County, but I feel pretty confident that they could work in a lot of other rural communities around the U.S. and maybe even beyond.	我得说这三样也是我们已经在伯蒂县做了的三件事情我现在可以非常的自信说我们有能力和美国其他的农村社区一起工作也许美国之外的也可以
confident:adj.自信的;确信的;
So the first of the three is design for education.	三件事的第一件是设计教育的方法
This is the most kind of direct, obvious intersection of the two things.	这是教育和设计之间最明显和直接的结合点
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
It's the physical construction of improved spaces and materials and experiences for teachers and students.	这是在为教师和学生搭建宽敞的学习空间、资料和经验
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句; improved:adj.改良的:v.改进:改善(improve的过去分词和过去式)
This is in response to the awful mobile trailers and the outdated textbooks and the terrible materials that we're building schools out of these days.	这是对与糟糕的移动拖车和过时的教材还有我们这些年建学校所用的劣质的材料的回应
in response to:响应;回答;对…有反应; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的; trailers:n.[车辆]拖车(trailer的复数形式); v.用拖车载运(trailer的第三人称单数形式); outdated:adj.过时的;旧式的;v.使过时(outdate的过去式和过去分词);
And so this played out for us in a couple different ways.	为了完成这个,我们做了很多不同的事情
played out:adj.失去影响(或作用);
The first was a series of renovations of computer labs .	首先是对于电脑实验室的一系列改革
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; renovations:n.革新;翻修;修整;(renovation的复数) labs:n.实验室;实验大楼;(lab的复数)
So traditionally , the computer labs, particularly in an under-performing school like Bertie County, where they have to benchmark test every other week, the computer lab is a kill-and-drill testing facility .	过去学校的电脑实验室特别是像在伯蒂县的那些差一点的学校这些学校每两周都会有一次基准评测电脑实验室的电脑是测试的工具
traditionally:adv.传统上;习惯上;传说上; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; benchmark:n.基准;标准检查程序;vt.用基准问题测试(计算机系统等); facility:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;天资;
You come in, you face the wall, you take your test and you leave.	你进去,面对这墙壁,做完测试,然后走掉
So we wanted to change the way that students approach technology, to create a more convivial and social space that was more engaging , more accessible , and also to increase the ability for teachers to use these spaces for technology-based instruction.	我们希望能够改变学生们接触科技的方式去创造一个更加活跃,更加有吸引力, 更容易接触的社会空间而且我们希望能够提高教师们使用这些空间来进行高科技教育的能力
convivial:adj.欢乐的;欢宴的;酒宴的; engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词) accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的; technology-based:以科技为本的;
So this is the lab at the high school, and the principal there is in love with this room.	这是我们一所高中的实验室这个学校的校长很喜欢这个实验室
principal:adj.主要的;资本的;n.首长;校长;资本;当事人;
Every time he has visitors, it's the first place that he takes them.	每当他有访客时,这个实验室都是他第一个带访客去参观的地方
And this also meant the co-creation with some teachers of this educational playground system called the learning landscape .	这还意味着一些教师可以在这个教育场地中相互协作来进行创造我们称这个为学习景观
educational:adj.教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的 landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
It allows elementary-level students to learn core subjects through game play and activity and running around and screaming and being a kid.	它让基础阶段的学生能在作为一个孩子应该做的事情, 比如在玩游戏、跑来跑去和尖叫中学到核心课程
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
So this game that the kids are playing here -- in this case they were learning basic multiplication through a game called Match Me.	现在孩子们正在玩的游戏叫做跟我比 , 孩子们可以通过玩这个游戏学到基础乘法
multiplication:n.[数]乘法;增加;
And in Match Me, you take the class, divide it into two teams, one team on each side of the playground, and the teacher will take a piece of chalk and just write a number on each of the tires.	在“跟我比”中,一个班的孩子被分为两队每个队站在操场的两边老师会拿一只粉笔在每一个轮胎上写一个数字
And then she'll call out a math problem -- so let's say four times four -- and then one student from each team has to compete to figure out that four times four is 16 and find the tire with the 16 on it and sit on it.	然后她会出一个数学问题比如说4乘以4 每个队要出一名同学来算出 4乘以4等于16 然后找到标有16的轮胎坐下
compete:v.竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛);
So the goal is to have all of your teammates sitting on the tires and then your team wins.	游戏的最终目标是让你们队的所有队员都能坐到轮胎上然后你们对就可以获胜
And the impact of the learning landscape has been pretty surprising and amazing.	学习景观的作用非常惊人
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
Some of the classes and teachers have reported higher test scores, a greater comfort level with the material, especially with the boys, that in going outside and playing, they aren't afraid to take on a double-digit multiplication problem -- and also that the teachers are able to use these as assessment tools to better gauge how their students are understanding new material.	很多班级的考试成绩都有所提高而且对教学内容掌握的更好特别是男生他们喜欢出去玩耍他们不害怕做一些二位数的乘法问题老师们也能够用这些新的方法作为评价工具去了解他们的学生理解新课程的程度
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; double-digit:adj.两位数的; assessment:n.评定;估价; gauge:n.计量器;标准尺寸;容量规格;vt.测量;估计;给…定规格;
So with design for education, I think the most important thing is to have a shared ownership of the solutions with the teachers, so that they have the incentive and the desire to use them.	所以在为教育设计当中,我认为最重要的事情是和教师一切共享解决方法这样的话他们就有施行这些方法的动力和愿望
incentive:n.动机;刺激;adj.激励的;刺激的;
So this is Mr. Perry . He's the assistant superintendent.	这是佩里先生,他是主管助理
Perry:n.梨酒;
He came out for one of our teacher-training days and won like five rounds of Match Me in a row and was very proud of himself.	他参加了一次我们的教师训练日活动一连赢了五轮“跟我比”,他感到非常的自豪
(Laughter)	(笑)
So the second approach is redesigning education itself.	三件事中的第二个件是对整个教育系统本身进行重新设计
redesigning:v.重构;重设计(redesign的现在分词);
This is the most complex .	这是最复杂的
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
It's a systems-level look at how education is administered and what is being offered and to whom.	它是在系统的层面去识别教育是如何被管理的教育是给谁提供何种东西
administered:v.管理;治理(国家);执行;给予;提供;(administer的过去分词和过去式)
So in many cases this is not so much about making change as it is creating the conditions under which change is possible and the incentive to want to make change,	很多情况下我们不是直接改变什么而是为可能的改变创造条件激励人们做出改变
which is easier said than done in rural communities and in inside-the-box education systems in rural communities.	在农村地区,在封闭保守的农村教育系统中这些事情说起来简单做起来却很难
easier said than done:说起来容易做起来难;
So for us, this was a graphic public campaign called Connect Bertie.	所以对于我们来讲,这是一场被称为 “连接伯蒂县”的公开战役
graphic:adj.形象的;图表的;绘画似的;
There are thousands of these blue dots all over the county.	整个县有成千上万个这种绿色的圆点
And this was for a fund that the school district had to put a desktop computer and a broadband Internet connection in every home with a child in the public school system.	这是在募集资金目的是要为公立学校的每一个学生的家里配上连有宽带的电脑
fund:n.基金;资金;存款;v.投资;资助; desktop computer:n.台式机;台式电脑; broadband:n.宽频;宽波段;adj.宽频带的;宽波段的;宽频通讯的;
Right now I should say, there are only 10 percent of the houses that actually have an in-home Internet connection.	现在我只能说整个县只有百分之十的家庭真正拥有可以上网的电脑
in-home:adj.家用的,可在家里用的;
And the only places to get WiFi are in the school buildings, or at the Bojangles Fried Chicken joint , which I find myself squatting outside of a lot.	而唯一有无线网络的地方就是学校大楼,或者是“博简格尔斯”（Bojangles）烤鸡连锁店我经常去那里
joint:n.关节; adj.共同的; v.连接,贴合; squatting:v.蹲坐;蹲;偷住,擅自占用(房子或地方);(squat的现在分词)
Aside from, you know, getting people excited and wondering what the heck these blue dots were all over the place, it asked the school system to envision how it might become a catalyst for a more connected community.	除了让人们感到兴奋或者是不知道这些绿点点到底是干什么的以外这些点点让教育系统开始想象如何能成为促使社区更加连通的催化剂
heck:n.(英口)同"hell",表示略微烦恼或吃惊; envision:v.想象;预想; catalyst:n.[物化]催化剂;刺激因素;
It asked them to reach outside of the school walls and to think about how they could play a role in the community's development.	它让教育能够走出校园去思考教育如何能为社区建设做贡献
So the first batch of computers are being installed later this summer, and we're helping Dr. Zullinger develop some strategies around how we might connect the classroom and the home to extend learning beyond the school day .	今年夏天第一批电脑正在安装中我们正在协助Zullinger博士研究能够让教室和学校互联的方法好让学生能够在课堂之外也能学习
batch:n.一批;一炉;一次所制之量;v.分批处理; installed:v.安装;设置;使就职(install的过去分词和过去式) strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数) extend:vt.延伸; vi.延伸; school day:教学日;上课日;
And then the third approach, which is what I'm most excited about, which is where we are now, is: design as education.	三件事中的第三件是令我最兴奋的一件也是我们现在正在做的一件事就是把设计当作教育
So "design as education" means that we could actually teach design within public schools, and not design-based learning -- not like "let's learn physics by building a rocket,"	把设计当作教育的意思是我们可以真正的在公立学校中教授设计这不是像普通的设计课那样的不是说教他们通过建造火箭去学习物理课程
but actually learning design-thinking coupled with real construction and fabrication skills put towards a local community purpose.	而是学习设计的思维方式还有真正的构造和组建技能这些都是对当地社区有利的
fabrication:n.制造,建造;装配;伪造物;
It also means that designers are no longer consultants , but we're teachers, and we are charged with growing creative capital within the next generation.	这也意味着设计师不再是顾问而是教师我们承担着为下一代创造更多的创新资本的任务
consultants:n.[经]顾问;咨询顾问;咨询公司;咨询人员(consultant的复数);
And what design offers as an educational framework is an antidote to all of the boring , rigid , verbal instruction that so many of these school districts are plagued by.	设计作为教育框架,能够提供的是一副解药去改变很多学区以往单调,单板的口头教授
antidote:n.[药]解毒剂;解药;矫正方法; boring:adj.无聊的;令人厌烦的;n.钻孔;v.使厌烦;钻孔;(bore的现在分词) rigid:adj.严格的;僵硬的,死板的;坚硬的;精确的; verbal:adj.口头的;言语的;动词的;照字面的;n.动词的非谓语形式; plagued:v.困扰(plague的过去分词);折磨;
It's hands-on, it's in-your-face , it requires an active engagement , and it allows kids to apply all the core subject learning in real ways.	这些行动已经在实施,就在你们眼前这需要我们积极的参与它让孩子们能够真正的学到核心课程
in-your-face:挑衅;咄咄逼人的; engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度;
So we started thinking about the legacy of shop class and how shop class -- wood and metal shop class in particular -- historically , has been something intended for kids who aren't going to go to college.	所以我们开始思考工艺课程的遗留问题还有工艺课程,特别是木头工艺和铁骑工艺在历史上,它们都是为了那些不能够读大学的孩子开设的
historically:adv.历史上地;从历史观点上说; intended:adj.预定的;计划的;v.打算;计划;想要;(intend的过去分词和过去式)
It's a vocational training path.	它是一个职业训练的过程
vocational:adj.职业的,行业的;
It's working-class; it's blue-collar .	是一个职业教育,是蓝领
blue-collar:adj.穿蓝领工装的;体力劳动的;蓝领阶级;
The projects are things like, let's make a birdhouse for your mom for Christmas.	这个项目就像是让我们做一个鸟笼送给你妈妈做圣诞礼物吧
birdhouse:n.禽舍;小鸟舍;
And in recent decades, a lot of the funding for shop class has gone away entirely.	近些年,很多资助工艺课程的基金都消失了
funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词)
So we thought, what if you could bring back shop class, but this time orient the projects around things that the community needed, and to infuse shop class with a more critical and creative-design-thinking studio process.	所以我们在想,如果我们把工艺课程重新带回来会怎么样但这次我们关注于社区真正需要的事情而且在工艺课程中注入更多重要的和创新的设计思考过程
what if:如果…怎么办? orient:vt.使适应;确定方向;使朝东;n.东方;东方诸国;adj.东方的;vi.向东; infuse:v.使具有,注入(某特性);全面影响;泡制(草药等); critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; studio:n.工作室;[广播][电视]演播室;画室;电影制片厂;
So we took this kind of nebulous idea and have worked really closely with Dr. Zullinger for the past year on writing this as a one-year curriculum offered at the high school level to the junior class.	所以我们持着这种模糊的观点通过和Zullinger博士过去一年紧密的合作编制了为高中一年级学生准备的一个年度的课程
nebulous:adj.朦胧的;星云的,星云状的; curriculum:n.课程;总课程; junior:n.青少年;职位较低者;adj.青少年的;地位低下的;
And so this starts in four weeks, at the end of the summer, and my partner and I, Matthew and I, just went through the arduous and totally convoluted process of getting certified as high school teachers to actually run it.	四个星期之后这个课程就要开始了我的搭档的我,马修和我为了获得高中教师许可证来教授这一课程刚刚度过了一段艰难和非常复杂的过程
arduous:adj.努力的;费力的;险峻的; convoluted:adj.复杂的;费解的;旋绕的;v.盘绕;缠绕(convolute的过去分词); certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词)
And this is what it looks like.	这就是它的样子
So over the course of two semesters , the Fall and the Spring, the students spend three hours a day every single day in our 4,500 square foot studio/shop space.	在教授这个课程的两个学期里秋季学期和春季学期学生每天要在我们4500平方英尺的工艺工作室里学习三个小时
semesters:n.学期(semester的复数);
And during that time, they're doing everything from going out and doing ethnographic research and doing the need-finding, coming back into the studio, doing the brainstorming and design visualization to come up with concepts that might work,	在这段时间里,他们会做各种事情从外出做种族研究和做一些必须的调查到回到工作室进行头脑风暴和设计可视化最终构思出可行的概念
ethnographic:adj.人种志的;民族志学的; brainstorming:n.集思广益;v.集中各人智慧猛攻;(brainstorm的现在分词) visualization:n.形象化;清楚地呈现在心; come up with:提出;想出;赶上;
and then moving into the shop and actually testing them, building them, prototyping them, figuring out if they are going to work and refining that.	然后拿到加工室去测试他们构造他们,去打造他们的原型看看它们是否能可用并不断改进它们
prototyping:n.[计]样机研究;原型设计; refining:v.精炼;提纯;去除杂质;改进;(refine的现在分词)
And then over the summer, they're offered a summer job.	在夏季,他们会得到一份暑期工作
They're paid as employees of Project H to be the construction crew with us to build these projects in the community.	他们通过在H项目中工作获得报酬他们会和我们一起工作在社区中设计和建设这些项目
So the first project, which will be built next summer, is an open-air farmers' market downtown, followed by bus shelters for the school bus system in the second year and home improvements for the elderly in the third year.	第一个项目,将会在下个夏天开始建设是一个市区的露天农贸市场接下来就是第二年的校车系统然后第三年是提高老年人的居住环境
open-air:adj.露天的;户外的,野外的; improvements:n.改善;改进;改善的事物;(improvement的复数) elderly:adj.上了年纪的;过了中年的;稍老的;
So these are real visible projects that hopefully the students can point to and say, "I built that, and I'm proud of it."	这些都是真正可见的项目我们希望学生将来可以指着它们说: 这是我建的,我感到非常的自豪
visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目;
So I want you to meet three of our students.	我想让你们看一看三位我们的同学
This is Ryan.	这是瑞安
She is 15 years old.	她今年15岁
She loves agriculture and wants to be a high school teacher.	她热爱农业,希望成为一个高中教师
She wants to go to college, but she wants to come back to Bertie County, because that's where her family is from, where she calls home, and she feels very strongly about giving back to this place that she's been fairly fortunate in.	她想上大学,但想毕业后回到伯蒂县因为那里有她的亲人,那里是她成为“家”的地方她强烈的希望能够为这个让她感到幸运的地方做些贡献
fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的;
So what Studio H might offer her is a way to develop skills so that she might give back in the most meaningful way.	所以H工作室能提供给她一个学习技术的地方这样她就能够以最有意义的方式回报她的故乡
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的;
This is Eric. He plays for the football team.	这是埃里克,他在一支足球队踢球
He is really into dirtbike racing, and he wants to be an architect.	他很喜欢场地赛车他想成为一名设计师
So for him, Studio H offers him a way to develop the skills he will need as an architect, everything from drafting to wood and metal construction to how to do research for a client.	对于他来说,H工作室提供给他一个学习成为设计师必备的技术的地方这包括从画草图到木头和金属构造再到为客户进行研究调查等一切事情
drafting:n.起草;制图;v.起草;草拟;选派;抽调;(draft的现在分词)
And then this is Anthony.	这是安东尼
He is 16 years old, loves hunting and fishing and being outside and doing anything with his hands, and so for him, Studio H means that he can stay interested in his education through that hands-on engagement.	他今年16岁,喜欢打猎,钓鱼和出游他喜欢用自己的双手去做事情对于他,H工作室意味着他能够通过自己动手参与来保持对教育的兴趣
He's interested in forestry , but he isn't sure, so if he ends up not going to college, he will have developed some industry-relevant skills.	他对林学有兴趣,但是他不太确定所以如果他最终不能进入大学他仍然能够培养出一些与行业有关的技术
forestry:n.林业;森林地;林学;
What design and building really offers to public education is a different kind of classroom.	设计真正带给公共教育的是一个不同类型的教室
So this building downtown, which may very well become the site of our future farmers' market, is now the classroom.	这个市中心的建筑很可能成为我们将来的农贸市场所在地现在是我们的教室
site:n.地点;位置;场所;v.设置;为…选址;
And going out into the community and interviewing your neighbors about what kind of food they buy and from where and why -- that's a homework assignment .	让学生们走到社区中,去采访你的邻居询问他们从哪里买什么食品为什么会在那里买这是我们的家庭作业
interviewing:v.对(某人)进行面试;(媒体)采访,访问;(interview的现在分词) assignment:n.分配:(分派的)工作,任务:
And the ribbon-cutting ceremony at the end of the summer when they have built the farmers' market and it's open to the public -- that's the final exam.	而今年夏天的剪彩仪式那时他们已经建成农贸市场,而且也已经对外公开那是我们的期末考试
ceremony:n.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪;客套,虚礼;
And for the community, what design and building offers is real, visible, built progress.	对于社区来讲,设计和建设提供了真实的,可见的建设过程
It's one project per year, and it makes the youth the biggest asset and the biggest untapped resource in imagining a new future.	每一年一个工程它让年轻人成为我们未来最大的财产和最大的没被开发的资源
untapped:adj.未开发的;未使用的;塞子未开的; resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备);
So we recognize that Studio H, especially in its first year, is a small story -- 13 students, it's two teachers, it's one project in one place.	我们意识到H工作室,特别是在它的第一年是一个小小的故事 13个学生,2个老师这是一个地方的一个项目
But we feel like this could work in other places.	但是我们觉得这个在其他的地方也是可行的
And I really, strongly believe in the power of the small story, because it is so difficult to do humanitarian work at a global scale .	而且我深深的相信这个小小故事的力量因为如果在全球范围上做慈善工作是很困难的
humanitarian:adj.人道主义的;博爱的;基督凡人论的;n.人道主义者;基督凡人论者; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
Because, when you zoom out that far, you lose the ability to view people as humans.	因为,当你把范围放的那么大时你就会失去把人看作是有血有肉的个体的能力
Ultimately , design itself is a process of constant education for the people that we work with and for and for us as designers.	最后,设计本身是一个对和我们一起工作还有我们想帮助的人以及我们设计师自己的持续的教育
Ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
And let's face it, designers, we need to reinvent ourselves.	让我们来面对它吧,设计师们,我们需要彻底改造我们自己
reinvent:v.以新形象示人;以新形式出现;
We need to re-educate ourselves around the things that matter, we need to work outside of our comfort zones more, and we need to be better citizens in our own backyard .	我们需要重新教育我们自己我们需要更多的在舒适的工作室之外工作我们需要去做一个更好的公民
re-educate:再教育; backyard:n.后院;后庭;
So while this is a very small story, we hope that it represents a step in the right direction for the future of rural communities and for the future of public education and hopefully also for the future of design.	所以虽然这只是一个很小的故事我们仍希望它能代表迈向正确方向的一步为了农村社区更好的未来为了公共教育更好的未来也希望是为了设计的更好的未来
represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数)
Thank you.	谢谢
(Applause)	（掌声）

EmilyPilloton_2010G-_教授改变世界的设计_