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EdwardBurtynsky_2005-_爱德华_布廷斯基与他的人造风景_
Walk around for four months with three wishes, and all the ideas will start to percolate up. 这四个月来我一直怀着三个愿望到处奔走 所有的思路都在这段时间中慢慢清晰
percolate:vi.过滤;渗出;浸透;vt.使渗出;使过滤;n.滤过液;渗出液;
I think everybody should do it -- think that you've got three wishes. 我觉得每个人都可以学学我这么做
And what would you do? It's actually a great exercise to really drill down to the things that you feel are important, and really reflect on the world around us. 如果给你三个愿望,你希望实现什么？ 思考这样一个问题,除了让我们知道自己想要什么 还可以让我们意识到自己拥有什么
reflect on:仔细考虑,思考;反省;回想,回顾;怀疑;
And thinking that, can an individual actually do something, or come up with something, that may actually get some traction out there and make a difference ? 思考这样一个问题,除了能在思想上有所获益 还可以让我们行动起来 有所行动,也许就能让生活变得不同
individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; come up with:提出;想出;赶上; traction:n.牵引;[机][车辆]牵引力; make a difference:有影响,有关系;
Inspired by nature -- that's the theme here. 赞美自然是今天的主题
Inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
And I think, quite frankly, that's where I started. 同时也是我一切灵感的源泉
I became very interested in the landscape as a Canadian. 还在加拿大时,我就迷上了
landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
We have this Great North. And there was a pretty small population, and my father was an avid outdoorsman . 千里冰封万里雪飘的北国风光 我的父亲非常热衷于户外运动
avid:adj.渴望的,贪婪的;热心的; outdoorsman:n.常在野外活动的人;
So I really had a chance to experience that. 因此我从小有不少机会和他去一起体验这片土地
And I could never really understand exactly what it was, or how it was informing me. 我也许永远弄不清我从这段经历之中学到了多少
informing:v.知会;通知;通告;了解;熟悉;对…有影响(inform的现在分词)
But what I think it was telling me is that we are this transient thing that's happening. 但是我想至少我懂得了一点 在这苍茫天地之间,我们都只不过是一个过客
transient:adj.短暂的;转瞬即逝的;倏忽的;暂住的;n.暂住某地的人;过往旅客;临时工;
And that the nature that you see out there -- the untouched shorelines , the untouched forest that I was able to see -- really bring in a sense of that geological time, that this has gone on for a long time, and we're experiencing it in a different way. 看着面前的大自然 那些人烟罕至的海岸与森林 前不见古人,后不见来者 念天地之悠悠 我想每个人的感受都会有所不同
untouched:adj.未受影响的;未改变的;未触动过的;不受感动的; shorelines:n.海岸线;海岸线地带; in a sense:在某种意义上; geological:adj.地质的,地质学的;
And that, to me, was a reference point that I think I needed to have to be able to make the work that I did. 我现在所做的一切便是源于当时的感受 我觉得自己应该这么做,而且也有能力这么做
reference point:n.参比点;参照标准;
And I did go out, and I did this picture of grasses coming through in the spring, along a roadside . 于是,在一个春天的早上,我走上了自己的征途 我在路上拍摄了这样一丛野草
roadside:n.路边;路旁;adj.路边的;路旁的;
This rebirth of grass. And then I went out for years trying to photograph the pristine landscape. 这些原生态的风光画面 成为了我随后几年的拍摄重心
rebirth:n.再生;复兴; pristine:adj.原始的,古时的;纯朴的;
But as a fine-art photographer I somehow felt that it wouldn't catch on out there -- that there would be a problem with trying to make this as a fine-art career . 但是作为一位摄影艺术家,我始终感觉到 这样的作品离我所要表达的内容还有一段距离 同时,这样的作品也不利于一位艺术家的职业发展
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地; career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
And I kept being sucked into this genre of the calendar picture, or something of that nature, and I couldn't get away from it. 长期以来我的作品总难免被人 当作挂历照片或者别的类似照片
sucked:v.吸,吮;吸收;吞没;(suck的过去分词和过去式) genre:n.类型;种类;体裁;样式;流派;风俗画;adj.风俗画的;以日常情景为主题的; calendar:n.日历;挂历;v.把…记入日程表中;
So I started to think of, how can I rethink the landscape? 于是我开始认真思考,是否应该更换自己的拍摄思路
rethink:v.重新考虑;再想;n.重新考虑;反思;新想法;
I decided to rethink the landscape as the landscape that we've transformed . 我决定重新定位自己的拍摄方式 专注于那些被人类力量改造的景观
transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式)
I had a bit of an epiphany being lost in Pennsylvania , and I took a left turn trying to get back to the highway. 当我一次迷失在宾夕法尼亚州的时候 我突然发现了一丝灵感
epiphany:对事物真谛的顿悟; Pennsylvania:n.宾夕法尼亚州(美国州名);
And I ended up in a town called Frackville. 我在一个路口左转,本以为可以回到高速公路上
I got out of the car, and I stood up, and it was a coal-mining town. I did a 360 turnaround , and that became one of the most surreal landscapes I've ever seen. 结果却来到了一个叫做弗兰克威尔的小镇 这儿曾经是一片矿区,当我下车四顾 我看到了一幅前所未见的超现实场景
coal-mining:adj.煤矿业的; turnaround:n.转变;转向;突然好转;回车道; surreal:adj.超现实主义的;离奇的;不真实的; landscapes:n.风景; v.从事庭园设计;
Totally transformed by man. 完全被人类力量所改造的景观
And that got me to go out and look at mines like this, and go out and look at the largest industrial incursions in the landscape that I could find. 在这一幕的驱使下,我开始出发 在我所能找到的风景带中 寻找其它类似的矿区或大型工业痕迹
industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票; incursions:n.入侵;侵犯;
And that became the baseline of what I was doing. 这成为了我之后作品的出发点
baseline:n.基线;底线;
And it also became the theme that I felt that I could hold on to , and not have to re-invent myself. 也成为了我始终坚持的作品主题 这和我拍摄的初衷并不相违背
hold on to:坚持;紧握;克制;
That this theme was large enough to become a life's work -- to become something that I could sink my teeth into and just research and find out where these industries are. 追寻大型工业的足迹 是一个很大的主题 足够我认认真真做上一辈子
And I think one of the things I also wanted to say in my thanks, which I kind of missed, was to thank all the corporations who helped me get in. 我想借这个机会 对那些曾经帮助过我的公司 表示衷心的感谢
corporations:n.[贸易]公司,[经]企业(corporation的复数形式);
Because it took negotiation for almost every one of these photographs -- to get into that place to make those photographs. 基本上,大家看到的每一张照片 都需要经过协商才可能获得拍摄许可
negotiation:n.谈判;转让;顺利的通过;
And if it wasn't for those people letting me in at the heads of those corporations, 如果不是他们的帮助 如果不是公司领导们的首肯
I would have never made this body of work. 我也许永远无法拍摄这些作品
So in that respect, to me, I'm not against the corporation. 就我本意而言,我并不想针对这些公司说什么
I own a corporation. I work with them, and I feel that we all need them and they're important. 我本身也是一个公司的老板,和他们合作时 我能感觉到他们对人们日常生活的重要性
But I am also for sustainability . 但同时我也注重可持续发展的重要性
sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性;
So there's this thing that is pulling me in both directions. 正是因为这一点,我最终与他们背道而驰
And I'm not making an indictment towards what's happening here, but it is a slow progression . 我并不想在这里控诉他们的所作所为 因为所有这一切,并不是突然发生的
indictment:n.起诉书;控告; progression:n.前进;连续;
So I starting thinking, well, we live in all these ages of man: the Stone Age , and the Iron Age, and the Copper Age. 于是我开始思考,人类已经走过了很多个时代 石器时代,铁器时代,青铜时代
Stone Age:n.石器时代; Copper:n.铜;铜币;警察;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的;v.用铜板[铜皮]盖[包];
And these ages of man are still at work today. 尽管这些时代留下的痕迹依旧保存着
But we've become totally disconnected from them. 但我们已经无法从这些痕迹之中
disconnected:adj.分离的; v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应); (disconnect的过去式和过去分词)
There's something that we're not seeing there. 追寻那些过往的光辉
And it's a scary thing as well. Because when we start looking at the collective appetite for our lifestyles , and what we're doing to that landscape -- that, to me, is something that is a very sobering moment for me to contemplate . 这是一件非常可怕的事情 当我们回过头来看看我们荒淫无度的生活 对这片土地带来了什么样的后果 我们就会突然间惊醒并思考
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; appetite:n.食欲;嗜好; lifestyles:n.生活方式(lifestyle的复数); sobering:adj.令人警醒的;使人冷静的;v.(使)变得持重,变得冷静;(sober的现在分词) contemplate:v.沉思;注视;思忖;预期;
And through my photographs, 我希望观众面对我的照片时
I'm hoping to be able to engage the audiences of my work, and to come up to it and not immediately be rejected by the image. 能够感受到我这样的感觉 而不是对这些影像感到排斥与抗拒
engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; come up to:v.达到;等于; rejected:adj.被拒的;不合格的;v.拒绝,驳回;(reject的过去式和过去分词)
Not to say, "Oh my God, what is it?" But to be challenged by it. 不会大叫“老天,这拍的什么啊”
To say, "Wow, this is beautiful on one level. 而是感慨,“这一切看上去很美
But on the other level, this is scary. I shouldn't be enjoying it." 但是是一种残酷的美,让人无法安然享受”
Like a forbidden pleasure. And it's that forbidden pleasure that I think is what resonates out there, and it gets people to look at these things, and it gets people to enter it. And it also, in a way, defines kind of what I feel, too. 把这样的景象当作一种美,是不道德的 我想这就是我所要表达的 我希望人们不光是欣赏这些作品,而是思考与体会 也许你们就能明白我面对这些景象时心中的感受
forbidden:adj.禁止的; v.禁止; (forbid的过去分词和过去式) resonates:vt.共鸣;共振;vi.共鸣;共振; defines:v.阐明;明确;界定;画出…的线条;描出…的外形(define的第三人称单数)
Is that I'm drawn to have a good life. 曾经我也坚定的相信
I want a house, and I want a car. 只有有房有车的生活才叫好生活
But there's this consequence out there. 这样想是要付出代价的
consequence:n.结果;重要性;推论;
And how do I begin to have that attraction, repulsion ? 我是什么时候开始被这样的生活所吸引?
repulsion:n.排斥;反驳;反感;厌恶;
It's even in my own conscience I'm having it, and here in my work, I'm trying to build that same toggle . 我不得不承认这让我感到羞愧 而我试图通过自己的作品让我有所转变
conscience:n.道德心,良心; toggle:vt.拴牢,系紧;n.开关,触发器;拴扣;[船]套索钉;
These things that I photographed -- this tire pile here had 45 million tires in it. It was the largest one. 看看这张照片,这片废旧轮胎厂 这是最大的一片废旧轮胎厂,大约有四千五百万只旧轮胎
pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置;
It was only about an hour-and-a-half away from me, and it caught fire about four years ago. It's around Westley, California, around Modesto . 这儿位于加州维斯特利,靠近莫德斯托 离我家只有一个半小时路程,但四年前毁于一场大火
Modesto:n.莫德斯托(美国城市);
And I decided to start looking at something that, to me, had -- if the earlier work of looking at the landscape had a sense of lament to what we were doing to nature, in the recycling work that you're seeing here was starting to point to a direction. To me, it was our redemption . 我决定去寻访一些类似的场景 如果说以前的作品仅仅是关注自然 那么现在则是为我们的行为向自然传达一种歉意 照片中大家看到的垃圾回收站 对我来说是一个好的开端,是一种救赎
lament:n.挽歌;恸哭;悲痛之情;vi.哀悼;悲叹;悔恨;vt.哀悼;痛惜; recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词); redemption:n.赎回;拯救;偿还;实践;
That in the recycling work that I was doing, 我把这些关于垃圾回收的作品
I'm looking for a practice -- a human activity that is sustainable . 当做是人类可持续性发展的一种实践
sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
That if we keep putting things, through industrial and urban existence, back into the system -- if we keep doing that -- we can continue on. 只有我们在生产生活当中 持续保持发展的可持续性 人类才有可能继续生存下去
urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
Of course, listening at the conference , there's many, many things that are coming. Bio-mimicry, and there's many other things that are coming onstream -- 当然,在这次大会上 我听到了很多这方面的内容 仿生学,其它学科
conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会)
nanotechnology that may also prevent us from having to go into that landscape and tear it apart. 以及纳米技术的应用 都有望保护我们的大自然
nanotechnology:n.纳米技术;
And we all look forward to those things. 尽管我们的想法是好的
look forward to:盼望,期待;
But in the meantime , these things are scaling up. 但与此同时
in the meantime:在此期间;于此际; scaling:n.缩放比例; v.剥落;
These things are continuing to happen. 环境却在持续恶化
What you're looking at here -- I went to Bangladesh, so I started to move away from North America . 在北美拍摄一段时间以后 我开始把目光投向了世界
North America:n.北美洲;
I started to look at our world globally. 你们现在看到的是我在孟加拉拍摄到的画面
And this came about -- these images of Bangladesh -- came out of a radio program I was listening to. 这些画面,这些关于孟加拉的画面 源自我听到的一个广播节目
images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数)
They were talking about Exxon Valdez, and that there was going to be a glut of oil tankers because of the insurance industries. 当时里面谈到埃克森石油公司的瓦尔迪兹油轮泄露事件 由于这次事件引起的索赔事件 导致了全球油轮数量需求下滑
glut:vt.使…充满;使…吃饱;过多供应;vi.吃得过多;n.(商品)供过于求;大量; insurance:n.保险;保险业;保险费;保费;adj.胜券在握的;
And that those oil tankers needed to be decommissioned , and 2004 was going to be the pinnacle . 所有这些多余的油轮 都必须在2004年之前销毁
decommissioned:v.正式停止使用(武器、核电站等);(decommission的过去分词和过去式) pinnacle:n.高峰;小尖塔;尖峰;极点;vt.造小尖塔;置于尖顶上;置于高处;
And I thought, "My God, wouldn't that be something?" 当时我想,”天啊,这也太夸张了吧“
To see the largest vessels of man being deconstructed by hand, literally , in third-world countries. 一艘艘大型油轮由人工一点点将其拆毁 这一切就在第三世界国家中真实发生
vessels:n.血管(vessel的复数);船舶;容器; deconstructed:解构;拆析(deconstruct的过去式和过去分词); literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
So originally I was going to go to India. 因此我想去印度看看这一切
originally:adv.原来;起初;
And I was shut out of India because of a Greenpeace situation there, and then I was able to get into Bangladesh. 不过由于当地绿色环保组织的活动,我被印度拒之门外 因此我将目的地改为孟加拉国
Greenpeace:n.绿色和平组织(保护动物不遭捕猎等);
And saw for the first time a third world , a view of it that I had never actually thought was possible. 这是我与第三世界的第一次亲密接触 这一切对我来说如此不可思议
third world:n.第三世界;
130 million people living in an area the size of Wisconsin , people everywhere, the pollution was intense , and the working conditions were horrible . 一亿三千万人,居住在和威斯康辛面积相等的一处地方 到处都是人,到处都是污染 工作环境极度恶劣
Wisconsin:n.威斯康星州(美国州名); intense:adj.强烈的;紧张的;非常的;热情的; horrible:可怕的,极讨厌的,
Here you're looking at some oil fields in California, some of the biggest oil fields. And again, I started to think that -- there was another epiphany -- 这是加州最大的油田之一 看到这样的场景 我又萌生了新的想法
that the whole world I was living in was being created as a result of having plentiful oil. 我们所生存的整个世界 都是建立在石油工业基础之上
as a result:结果; plentiful:adj.丰富的;许多的;丰饶的;
And that, to me, was again something that I started building on, and I continued to build on. 因此我也想以石油作为基础 做一些新的作品
So this is a series I'm hoping to have ready in about two or three years, kind of, under the heading of The Oil Party. 这是我在未来两道三年内 想要完成的一个项目 名字也许叫“石油当道”
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书;
Because I think everything that we're involved in -- our clothing, our cars, our roads, and everything -- are directly a result. 我觉得我们身边的一切,无论衣食住行 都和石油有着直接或间接的联系
involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就;
I'm going to move to some pictures of China. 接下来让我们看一些在中国拍摄的照片
And through China -- I started photographing it four years ago, and China truly is a question of sustainability in my mind. 我在四年前开始拍摄中国 就我看来,中国是可持续发展的一个老大难问题
Not to mention that China, as well, has a great effect on the industries that I grew up around. 另外,中国还给我从小熟悉的那些产业 带来了巨大的冲击
Not to mention:更不必说;不必提及;
Because I came out of a blue-collar town, a GM town, and my father worked at GM. 我来自一个工业城市 通用汽车是当地的支柱产业,我爸爸就为其工作
blue-collar:adj.穿蓝领工装的;体力劳动的;蓝领阶级;
So I was very familiar with that kind of industry. 因此我对其非常熟悉
familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友;
And that also informed my work. But you know, to see China and the scale at which it's evolving , is quite something. 这也同样影响到了我的作品 但是同样的行业,以中国式规模出现,就完全不同了
informed:adj.见多识广的; v.通知; (inform的过去分词和过去式) scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; evolving:v.(使)逐渐形成,逐渐演变;进化形成;(evolve的现在分词)
So what you see here is the Three Gorges Dam, and this is the largest dam by 50 percent ever attempted by man. 这里大家看到的是三峡大坝 这是人类制造的最大大坝,规模超过第二名一倍以上
Gorges:戈格斯; attempted:adj.未遂的;v.努力;尝试;试图;(attempt的过去分词和过去式)
And most of the engineers around the world left the project because they said, "It's just too big." 全球大部分工程师都认为这项工程是不可能完成的 原因只有一个,“这项工程太大”
In fact, when it did actually fill with water a year and a half ago, they were able to measure a wobble within the earth as it was spinning . 事实上,当这项工程于一年半前竣工蓄水 人们确实能侦测到其诱发了地层深处的地震
wobble:n.摇晃;松动;犹豫不决;v.(使)摇摆;一摇一摆地走;犹豫不决; spinning:n.纺纱(手艺):纺线v.(使)旋转:纺线:纺纱;(spin的现在分词)
It took fifteen days to fill it. 整个蓄水工程耗时十五天
So this created a reservoir 600 kilometers long, one of the largest reservoirs ever created. 蓄水库区长达六百公里 这也是人类历史上最大的水库之一
reservoirs:n.[水利]水库(reservoir的复数);
And what was also one of the bigger projects around that was moving 13 full-size cities up out of the reservoir, and flattening all the buildings so they could make way for the ships. 这项巨大工程同时带来了另外一项巨大工程 迁移库区内十三个城市的所有居民 并将城市捣毁为平地以便船只通行
full-size:adj.全尺寸的;动物完全长大的;全身的;与原物一样大小的; flattening:n.整平;扁率;压扁作用;v.压扁(flatten的ing形式);
This is a before and after. So that was before. 这是其中一个城市迁移前后的景象。刚才是迁移前。
And this is like 10 weeks later, demolished by hand. 这是大约十周后的景象,基本由人工拆除
demolished:v.拆毁,拆除(建筑物);推翻(观点或理论);(demolish的过去分词和过去式)
I think 11 of the buildings they used dynamite , everything else was by hand. That was 10 weeks later. 我印象中有十一栋楼房在拆除过程中使用了炸药 其余完全靠人工进行,这仅仅只用了十周时间
dynamite:n.炸药;具有潜在危险的人(或物);vt.炸毁;adj.极好的;
And this gives you an idea. 大家可以想象
Again with -- and it was all the people who lived in those homes, were the ones that were actually taking it apart and working, and getting paid per brick to take their cities apart. 正是住在这里的居民 亲手将自己生活的城市拆为一地瓦砾 每拆一块石头,他们都能获得一定的报酬
And these are some of the images from that. 这是另外一些照片
So I spent about three trips to the Three Gorges Dam, looking at that massive transformation of a landscape. 我一共用了三次旅行 记录三峡地区的大规模地貌变化
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革;
And it looks like a bombed-out landscape, but it isn't. 这里看上去像刚刚遭到轰炸,其实不是
bombed-out:adj.遭受轰炸而无家可归的;
What it is, it's a landscape that is an intentional one. 这是一片完全依靠意志而改变的土地
intentional:adj.故意的;蓄意的;策划的;
This is a need for power, and they're willing to go through this massive transformation, on this scale, to get that power. 这是何其强大的力量,才能让他们心甘情愿的承受这一切 承受这样翻天覆地的变化
And again, it's actually a relief for what's going on in China because I think on the table right now, there's 27 nuclear power stations to be built. 不过这也许还算是好的 就我所知,中国现在正计划 再建二十七座核电站
relief:n.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕; nuclear power:na.核大国;
There hasn't been one built in North America for 20 years because of the NIMBY problem -- not in my backyard . 北美地区已经有二十年时间没有建立过一座核电站 因为没有人希望给自家后院放上这么一把火
backyard:n.后院;后庭;
But in China they're saying, "No, we're putting in 27 in the next 10 years." 但是中国可以说“不,我们就是要在十年里再建二十七座”
And coal-burning furnaces are going in there for hydroelectric power, literally weekly. 而且火力发电厂 依旧在以每周一座的速度兴建
coal-burning:adj.燃煤的; furnaces:n.炉子,[炉窑]熔炉(furnace复数形式); hydroelectric:adj.水力发电的;水电治疗的;
So coal itself is probably one of the largest problems. 所以煤矿资源本身也是一个重大问题
And one of the other things that happened in the Three Gorges -- a lot of the agricultural land that you see there on the left was also lost. 三峡工程导致的另一问题 就是许多农田,大家可以在上图左边看到,永远流失了
agricultural:adj.农业的;农艺的;
Some of the most fertile agricultural land was lost in that. 许多最为富饶的田地,就这样淹没在了水下
fertile:adj.富饶的,肥沃的;能生育的;
And at one point, two million people were relocated , depending on whose statistics you're looking at. 大约两百万人流离失所 这还仅仅是官方提供的数据
relocated:v.(使)搬迁,迁移;(relocate的过去分词和过去式) statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数)
And this is what they were building. 这是等待着他们的新居
This is Wushan, one of the largest cities that was relocated. 这是巫山新县城,最大的移民城市之一
This is the central headquarters , or the town hall , for the city. 这是城市的市中心,也是县政府所在地
headquarters:n.总部;指挥部;司令部; town hall:n.镇公所;市政厅;(英国)市镇集会所;
And again, the rebuilding of the city. To me it was sad to see that they didn't really grab a lot of, I guess, what we know here, in terms of urban planning. 在城市再造过程之中,我很遗憾的发现 在我看来,这些建设者们完全没有任何 我们所谓的城市规划的概念
grab:v.攫取;霸占;将…深深吸引;n.攫取;霸占;夺取之物;
There were no parks, there were no green spaces. 这里没有公园,也没有绿地
Very high-density living on the side of a hill. 只有密密麻麻的居民楼耸立在山丘上
high-density:adj.高密度的; on the side of:拥护…;站在…一边;赞助;
And here they had a chance to rebuild cities from the bottom up, but somehow we're not connecting with them. 他们本有机会从头建立一个美丽的城市 不过似乎他们并没有想过要这么做
Here is a sign that, translated, says, " Obey the birth control law. 这里是一块标语牌,上面写着”贯彻执行《人口与计划生育法》
Obey:v.遵守;服从;顺从; birth control:adj.节育的;避孕的;
Build our science. Civilized and advanced idea of marriage and giving birth." 树立科学、文明、进步的婚育观念
Civilized:adj.文明的; v.教化; (civilize的过去式和过去分词) advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式)
So here, if you look at this poster , it has all the trappings of Western culture. 初看这张海报,你会发现 上面充满了西方文化的诱惑
poster:n.海报;巨幅装饰画;发布消息的人; trappings:n.服饰,礼服;外部标志;马饰;
You're seeing the tuxedos , the bouquets . 西装革履,花团锦簇
tuxedos:n.男子的无尾晚礼服(tuxedo的复数形式); bouquets:n.[植]花束;宴会;
But what's really, to me, frightening about the picture and about this billboard is the refinery in the background. 但让我感到害怕的是 隐藏在海报背后的文化入侵
frightening:adj.可怕的;骇人的;引起恐惧的;v.使惊吓;使惊恐(frighten的现在分词) billboard:n.(大幅)广告牌;v.宣传; refinery:n.炼油厂;制糖厂;精制厂;
So it's like marrying up all the things that we have and it's an adaptation of our way of life, full stop . 他们仿佛在一瞬间不分香花毒草 将我们的生活方式照单全收
adaptation:n.适应;改编;改编本,改写本; full stop:n.句号;句点;adv.就是这话;
And again, when you start seeing that kind of embrace , and you start looking at them leading their rural lifestyle with a very, very small footprint and moving into an urban lifestyle with a much higher footprint, it starts to become very sobering. 当你回过头来重新审视 他们是如何慢慢的抛弃了自己旧式的田园生活 大踏步的迈向西方式的城市文化 你就会对这一切有一个清醒的认识
embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括; rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; footprint:n.足迹;脚印;
This is a shot in one of the biggest squares in Guangdong -- and this is where a lot of migrant workers are coming in from the country. 这张照片拍摄于广东最大的广场之一 这里布满了进城务工的农村人口
migrant:n.候鸟;移居者;随季节迁移的民工;adj.移居的;流浪的;
And there's about 130 million people in migration trying to get into urban centers at all times. 目前在中国广大国土上 大约遍布着一亿三千万外来务工人员
migration:n.迁移;迁徙;转移;移居;
And in the next 10 to 15 years, are expecting another 400 to 500 million people to migrate into the urban centers like Shanghai and the manufacturing centers. 而在未来十到十五年时间内 外来务工人口可能会攀升至四到五个亿 他们纷纷涌入上海这样的大都市或生产制造中心
migrate:vi.移动;随季节而移居;移往;vt.使移居;使移植; manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词);
The manufacturers are -- the domestics are usually -- you can tell a domestic factory by the fact that they all use the same color uniforms . 这些生产制造企业 通常来自本地,或者说大部分都是中国本土企业 他们都习惯使用相同颜色的制服
manufacturers:n.生产者;制造者;生产商;(manufacturer的复数) domestics:n.[贸易]国货;家用织物;家用棉织物(domestic的复数形式); uniforms:n.制服;军服;军人;v.使穿制服;(uniform的复数第三人称单词)
So this is a pink uniform at this factory. It's a shoe factory. 这家工厂使用的是粉红色,这是一家鞋厂
And they have dorms for the workers. 他们为员工提供宿舍
dorms:宿舍(dorm的名词复数);
So they bring them in from the country and put them up in the dorms. 员工们从全国各地的乡村挤到这里
This is one of the biggest shoe factories, the Yuyuan shoe factory near Shenzhen. It has 90,000 employees making shoes. 这是深圳周边最大的鞋厂之一,裕元鞋厂 大约有九万名生产员工
This is a shift change, one of three. At every change -- there's two factories of this scale in the same town. 这张照片拍摄的是换班的场景,这里每天分为三班 公司有两个厂区,位于同一地区
shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换;
This is one with 45,000. So every lunch, there's about 12,000 coming through for lunch. 这里大约有四万五千名员工 所以在午餐时间,同时进餐人数大约达到一万二千人
They sit down, they have about 20 minutes. 他们只有二十分钟的进餐时间
The next round comes in. It's an incredible workforce that's building there. Shanghai -- 然后轮到下一轮工人用餐 这是一股巨大的劳动力
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; workforce:n.劳动大军;全体员工;
I'm looking at the urban renewal in Shanghai, and this is a whole area that will be flattened and turned into skyscrapers in the next five years. 这里是上海,一个新旧交替之中的城市 这片区域很快将会被铲平 五年之内,新的摩天大楼将从这里拔地而起
renewal:n.更新,恢复;复兴;补充;革新;续借;重申; flattened:adj.没精打采的;垂头丧气的;v.平整;打倒(flatten的过去分词); skyscrapers:n.摩天大楼;(skyscraper的复数)
What's also happening in Shanghai is -- 这张照片同样能显示出上海
China is changing because this wouldn't have happened five years ago, for instance . This is a holdout . 或者说中国在另一方面的转变 如果在五年前,这样的人是不可能出现的
instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例; holdout:n.坚持,抵抗;
They're called dengzahoos' -- they're like pin tacks to the ground. 他们被非常形象的钉子户
tacks:n.大头钉; v.用平头钉钉住;
They won't move. They're not negotiating . 他们拒绝搬迁,也拒绝妥协
negotiating:v.谈判;磋商;协商;商定;达成协议;(negotiate的现在分词)
They're not getting enough, so they're not going to move. 没有得到足够的好处,他们绝不会放弃自己的家
And so they're holding off until they get a deal with them. 只有当他们的要求被满足,他们才会妥协
And they've been actually quite successful in getting better deals because most of them are getting a raw deal . 和那些得到搬迁通知就拿钱走人的住户比起来 他们都得到了一笔更高额的补偿金
a raw deal:不公正的待遇;
They're being put out about two hours -- the communities that have been around for literally hundreds of years, or maybe even thousands of years, are being broken up and spread across in the suburban areas 随后这些房子也会跟着周边 那些存在了上百年甚至上千年的古楼一样 在短短两个小时之内被夷为平地 同样的故事在上海的整个周边地区发生着
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) have been around:见识(很)多;世故(很)深;遍布全球;世故深;遍布各地; suburban:adj.郊区的,城郊的;土气的;见闻不广的;n.郊区居民;
outside of Shanghai. But these are a whole series of guys holding out in this reconstruction of Shanghai. 这是在上海旧城重建过程中 顽强坚持的一系列钉子户
reconstruction:n.再建,重建;改造;复兴;
Probably the largest urban-renewal project, I think, ever attempted on the planet. 我想这也许是这个星球上 规模最大的一次旧城改造工程
And then the embrace of the things that they're replacing it with -- again, one of my wishes, and I never ended up going there, was to somehow tell them that there were better ways to build a house. 但是他们并没有找到一条合理的道路 这是我的一个心愿,同时也是我反复去那里的目的 我想要告诉他们,房子是可以建造得更好的
The kinds of collisions of styles and things were quite something, and these are called the villas . 这种四不像的风格非常值得一说 他们管这样的房子就叫做别墅
collisions:n.[物]碰撞;冲突;撞击(collision的复数形式); villas:n.[建]别墅(villa的复数);
And also, like right now, they're just moving. 这件别墅刚刚有人搬进来
The scaffolding is still on, and this is an e-waste area, and if you looked in the foreground on the big print, you'd see that the industry -- their industry -- they're all recycling. 脚手架还没有拆除,如果是大照片 你还可以看到前景中的电子垃圾 从中你可以判断出他们的职业,一群拾荒者
scaffolding:n.脚手架;搭脚手架的材料; e-waste:n.电子垃圾; foreground:n.前景;最显著的位置;
So the industry's already growing around these new developments. 随着城市化进程的慢慢推进 这一行业也在蓬勃发展
This is a five-level bridge in Shanghai. 这是上海的一座五层高架桥
Shanghai was a very intriguing city -- it's exploding on a level that I don't think any city has experienced. 上海市一座充满魅力的城市,也是一座高速发展的城市 其发展速度之快,我想没有任何城市可以与之媲美
intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词) exploding:v.爆炸;爆裂;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险);(explode的现在分词)
In fact, even Shenzhen, the industrial, or the economic zone -- one of the first ones -- 15 years ago was about 100,000 people, and today it boasts about 10 to 11 million. 即使是深圳这样一座十五年前仅有十万人口的小渔村 在成为第一批经济特区与生产基地后 今天人口数额也已增长至一亿
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; boasts:v.自夸;自吹自擂;(boast的第三人称单数)
So that gives you an idea of the kinds of migrations and the speed with which -- this is just the taxis being built by Volkswagen . 移民规模之大,发展速度之快,仅从这张图片就可见一斑 这里一共停放了九千辆
migrations:[动][地质]迁移; Volkswagen:n.大众汽车(财富500强公司之一);
There's 9,000 of them here, and they're being built for most of the big cities, 大众汽车公司生产的的士 这些汽车将被运往北京、上海、深圳等各大城市
Beijing and Shanghai, Shenzhen. 这只是中国国内汽车市场的一个缩影
And this isn't even the domestic car market, this is the taxi market. 仅仅是的士车辆
And what we would see here as kind of a suburban kind of development -- a similar thing, but they're all high-rises . 这是一张高速发展中的城市边远地带 这里,建筑业也以同样的速度发展着
high-rises:n.高楼大厦(high-rise的复数);
So they'll put 20 or 40 up at a time, and they just go up in the same way as a single-family dwelling would go up here in an area. 二三十栋楼房 同时拔地而起 等待一户户人家蜂拥而至
single-family:n.住宅;独栋; dwelling:n.住处;住所;公寓;v.居住;栖身;(dwell的现在分词)
And the density is quite incredible. 照片中大家可以看到这里的居住密度
And one of the things in this picture that I wanted to point out is that when I saw these kinds of buildings, 不过我在照片中想指出来的并非这一点 当我看到这些建筑
I was shocked to see that they're not using a central air-conditioning system. 我首先想到的是 他们居然没有中央空调
air-conditioning:n.空调系统;空气调节;
Every window has an air conditioner in it. 每一扇窗户都装上了一台空调
air conditioner:n.空调;
And I'm sure there are people here who probably know better than I do about efficiencies , but I can't imagine that every apartment having its own air conditioner is a very efficient way to cool a building on this scale. 我想这里一定有人 比我更明白什么叫做效率 对于这么大一个小区而言 我实在不觉得每家每户各自装上空调会更有效率
efficiencies:n.效率(efficiency的复数); efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
And when you start looking at that, and then you start factoring up into a city the size of Shanghai, it's literally a forest of skyscrapers. 当我们将这样的景象放大到上海这样规模的城市 你就会发现目力所及之处 只剩下一片钢筋水泥的森林
factoring:n.[数]因子分解,[数]因式分解; v.把…因素包括进去(factor的现在分词);
It's breathtaking , in terms of the speed at which this city is transforming . 如此高速的城市发展速度只能用惊心动魄形容
breathtaking:adj.惊险的;惊人的;激动人心的 transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词)
And you can see in the foreground of this picture, it's still one of the last areas that was being held up. 在这张照片的前景中 还有一小片尚未开发的地块
Right now that's all cleared out -- this was done about eight months ago, and high-rises are now going up into that central spot. 八个月前那里已经被夷为平地 新的摩天大楼正从此处拔地而起
So a skyscraper is built, literally, overnight in Shanghai. 用雨后春笋来形容上海的大楼建设,并不为过
overnight:adj.夜间的; v.在夜间; n.(美)前一天的晚上;
Most recently I went in, and I started looking at some of the biggest industries in China. 最近我开始拍摄 中国的一些大型工业基地
recently:adv.最近;新近;
And this is Baosteel, right outside of Shanghai. 例如说照片中的宝钢集团,坐落在上海市郊
This is the coal supply for the steel factory -- 18 square kilometers. 这是宝钢的煤矿供应基地,方圆十八平方公里
It's an incredibly massive operation, I think 15,000 workers, five cupolas, and the sixth one's coming in here. 这里的员工很多,我想至少有一万五千人 拥有五处高炉,这里是在建中的第六座
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
So they're building very large blast furnaces to try to deal with the demand for steel in China. 他们正在不断建设新的大型高炉 以试图跟上中国的钢铁需求
blast:n.爆炸; v.爆破;
So this is three of the visible blast furnaces within that shot. 在照片中可以看到三座高炉
visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目;
And again, looking at these images, there's this constant, like, haze that you're seeing. 大家可以注意到,这里的每张照片似乎都笼罩在烟尘之中
haze:n.薄雾;烟雾;迷蒙;迷糊;v.(使)笼罩在薄雾中;戏弄;
This is going to show you, real time , an assembler . It's a circuit breaker. 接下来大家看到的是一段断路器装配的视频
real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的; assembler:n.汇编程序;装配工; circuit:n.环行路线;电路;线路;巡回赛;v.巡回;周游;
10 hours a day at this speed. 这里的装配工人每天需要以这样的速度工作十个小时
I think one of the issues that we here are facing with China, is that they're using a lot of the latest production technology. 我想到这样的一个问题 我们在这里谈论中国的时候 总是只提到他们已经拥有了最先进的生产技术
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
In that one, there were 400 people that worked on the floor. 在我拍摄照片的这个地方,每层楼有四百多名工人
And I asked the manager to point out five of your fastest producers, and then I went and looked at each one of them for about 15 or 20 minutes, and picked this one woman. 我请他们的主管带我去看看工作效率最高的几名员工 我在每个人前面站了十几二十分钟 最后拍摄了上面那段视频
And it was just lightning fast, the way she was working was almost unbelievable . 她的操作速度之快 完全令人难以想象
lightning:n.闪电;adj.闪电般的;飞快的;突然的 unbelievable:adj.(非正式)难以置信的;不可信的
But that is the trick that they've got right now, that they're winning with, is that they're using all the latest technologies and extrusion machines, and bringing all the components into play, 其实中国真正所拥有的 真正让他们从东方崛起的 不光是他们所拥有的高新技术与设备 不光是这些设备的简单相加
technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); extrusion:n.挤出;推出;赶出;喷出; components:n.部件;组件;成份(component复数);
but the assembly is where they're actually bringing in -- the country workers are very willing to work. They want to work. 而是这个国家广大的劳动人民 他们愿意工作,想要工作
assembly:n.装配;集会,集合;
There's a massive backlog of people wanting their jobs. 而且还有庞大的求职大军等在每个岗位背后
backlog:n.[管理]积压的工作;积压待办的事务;大木材;vt.储备;把…积压起来;
That condition's going to be there for the next 10 to 15 years if they realize what they want, which is, you know, 400 to 500 million more people coming into the cities. 如果每个人都不改变他们的想法 那么这样的情况还要持续十到十五年时间 迟早还有四五亿人口会涌入城市
In this particular case -- this is the assembly line that you saw, and this is a shot of it. 让我们回到这张照片 就是大家看到的这张生产线的照片
assembly line:na.装配线;
I had to use a very small aperture to get the depth of field . 在拍摄时我必须收小光圈以保证照片的清晰度
aperture:n.孔,穴;(照相机,望远镜等的)光圈,孔径;缝隙; depth of field:n.景深(照相机能同时清晰拍摄的最近和最远物体之间的距离);
I had to have them freeze for 10 seconds to get this shot. 所以我必须保证他们能够十秒左右的静止
It took me five fake tries because they were just going. To slow them down was literally impossible. 我在他们工作时一共拍摄了五张 但是他们在工作状态中很难真正固定下来
fake:n.假货;骗子;假动作;v.捏造;假装…的样子;adj.伪造的;
They were just wound up doing these things all day long , until the manager had to, with a stern voice, say, "Okay, everybody freeze." 因为他们已经习惯了每天紧张的工作节拍 于是我只好请来一位主管,他大吼一声 “OK,大家都不许动”
wound:n.创伤,伤口;v.使受伤;受伤,伤害; all day long:"allday"的变体;整天;一整天;终日; stern:n.船尾;末端;adj.严厉的;坚定的;
It wasn't too bad, but they're driven to produce these things at an incredible rate. 这张照片看上去不错 遗憾的是这是一张摆拍的照片
This a textile mill doing synthetic silk, an oil byproduct . 这是一座合成丝纺织厂的照片,是一种石油加工的副产品
textile:n.纺织品;纺织业; mill:n.磨坊;工厂;磨粉机;面粉厂;v.磨成粉; synthetic:adj.综合的;合成的,人造的;n.合成物; byproduct:n.副产品;
And what you're seeing here is, again, one of the most state-of-the-art textile mills . 大家在照片中看到的纺织厂 代表了当前纺织厂的最高水准
state-of-the-art:adj.最先进的;已经发展的;达到最高水准的; mills:n.磨坊; v.碾碎,磨成粉(mill的第三人称单数和复数)
There's 500 of these machines, they're worth about 200,000 dollars each. 这里有五百台纺织机,每台价值二十万美元
So you have about 12 people running this, and they're just inspecting it -- and they're just walking the lines. 只需要十二个人就可以管理 他们只需要在生产线上来回检查即可
inspecting:adj.检查的;v.检查(inspect的ing形式);
The machines are all running, absolutely incredible to see what the scale of industries are. 机器正在工作之中 这样的工业场景是非常具有震撼力的
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
And I started getting in further and further into the factories. 所以我接二连三走访了一家又一家工厂
And that's a diptych , so I do a lot of pairings to try and get the sense of scale in these places. 把两张照片拼在一起,我做了不少类似的处理 以图更好的表现此类场景的规模之大
diptych:n.双连画;双折的记事板; pairings:n.配对;竞争者(pairing的复数);
This is a line where they get the threads and they wind the threads together, pre-going into the textile mills. 这里是来料车间 工厂在这里统计来料 送入纺织车间
threads:n.线; v.穿(针); (thread的第三人称单数和复数)
Here's something that's far more labor intensive , which is the making of shoes. 这是一间制鞋工厂 劳动力更加密集
intensive:adj.加强的;集中的;透彻的;加强语气的;n.加强器;
This floor has about 1,500 workers on this floor. 这里大约有一千五百名工人
The company itself had about 10,000 employees, and they're doing domestic shoes. 整个工厂的员工超过一万人 主要面向国内市场
It was very hard to get into the international companies because I had to get permission from companies like Nike and Adidas , and that's very hard to get. 想进入国际化企业拍照是非常困难的 耐克或者阿迪达斯这样的公司 基本不可能允许我进去拍照
Adidas:n.阿迪达斯(体育用品公司,主要生产运动服等);
And they don't want to let me in. 而且他们也不希望我进去拍照
But the domestic was much easier to do. 但是本土企业就容易得多
It just gives you a sense of, again -- and that's where, really, the whole migration of jobs started going over to China and making the shoes. Nike was one of the early ones. 这样的工作场景遍布全中国 大家可以从这些照片中体会得到 耐克是最早进入中国的制鞋企业之一
And it was really -- it was such a high labor component to it that it made a lot of sense to go after that labor market. 劳动力成本非常高昂 因此他们十分有必要选择一个低廉的劳动力市场
This is a high-tech mobile phone . Bird mobile phone, one of the largest mobile makers in China. 这是一家高科技手机企业,波导手机 他们是中国最大的手机生产厂商之一
high-tech:adj.高科技的,高技术的;仿真技术的;n.高科技; mobile phone:移动电话
I think mobile phone companies are popping up, literally, on a weekly basis, and they have an explosive growth in mobile phones. 由于中国手机持有量的爆炸性增长 我想目前在中国 也许每周都有一家新的手机公司成立
explosive:n.炸药;爆炸物;adj.易爆炸的;可能引起爆炸的;易爆发的;可能引起冲动的;
This is a textile where they're doing shirts. 这是一家生产衬衣的纺织加工企业
Youngor, the biggest shirt factory and clothing factory in China. 雅戈尔,中国最大的成衣企业之一
And this next shot here is one of the lunchrooms . 接下来一张照片是一间食堂
lunchrooms:n.速简餐厅;学校或工厂的餐厅;
Everything is very efficient. 这里一切都非常高效
While setting up this shot, people on average would spend 8 to 10 minutes having a lunch. 据我拍照时的观察 这里的人进餐时间普遍为八到十分钟
This was one of the biggest factories I've ever seen. 这是我见过的最大一间厂房
They make coffeemakers here, the biggest coffeemaker and the biggest iron makers. 主要生产咖啡机,他们是全球最大的咖啡机制造商 同时也是最大的电熨斗制造商
coffeemaker:n.(美)咖啡壶;煮咖啡器;
They make 20 million of them in the world. 生产量达两千万台
There's 21,000 employees. This one factory -- and they had several of them -- is half a kilometer long. 这里共有两万一千名员工,厂房全长半公里 而这仅仅是他们诸多生产车间中的一处
These are just recently shot -- I just came back about a month ago, so you're the first ones to be seeing these, these new factory pictures I've taken. 这些都是我最近拍摄的照片,我一个月前刚刚回来 所以在座各位是第一批看到这些照片的人 这些工厂的照片
So it's taken me almost a year to gain access into these places. 我花了将近一年的时间打通关系获准进入这些地方拍摄
The other aspect of what's happening in China is that there's a real need for materials there. 接下来让我们看看中国的另一面 这是一个极度渴求资源的国家
aspect:n.方面;层面;外观;方位;
So a lot of the recycled materials that are collected here are being recycled and taken to China by ships. 因此我们这里不少可回收资源 都被收集起来装船运往中国
recycled:n.再生纸;回收站;adj.[环境]回收利用的;可循环再造的;
That's cubed metal. This is armatures, electrical armatures, where they're getting the copper and the high-end steel from electrical motors out, and recycling them. 刚才是金属块,这是转子,发电机中间的转轴 他们从发电机中将其取出 回收上面的铜及其它贵重金属
cubed:v.立方(cube的过去分词); electrical:adj.有关电的;电气科学的; high-end:adj.高端的;高档的;
This is certainly connected to California and Silicon Valley . 这些废品毫无疑问与加州或者硅谷有关
Silicon Valley:n.硅谷(美国加利福尼亚州一处计算机和电子公司聚集地,有时用以指任何计算机公司聚集地);
But this is what happens to most of the computers. 这是大多数计算机的最终归宿
50 percent of the world's computers end up in China to be recycled. 世界上大约一半的计算机最终在中国埋骨
It's referred to as e-waste there. 他们管这叫做电子垃圾
referred:v.提到;引用;认为;指示;涉及;(refer的过去式和过去分词)
And it is a bit of a problem. The way they recycle the boards is that they actually use the coal briquettes , which are used all through China, but they heat up the boards, and with pairs of pliers they pull off all the components. 但是由于他们的回收方式,这些垃圾确实会造成问题 煤炉在中国使用非常广泛 他们就是用煤炉加热电路板 然后把零件从电路板上拔下来
briquettes:[冶]团矿;煤砖;砖坯(briquette的名词复数); pliers:n.钳子;老虎钳(plier的复数形式);
They're trying to get all the valued metals out of those components. 从中提取有价值的金属原料
But the toxic smells -- when you come into a town that's actually doing this kind of burning of the boards, you can smell it a good five or 10 kilometers before you get there. 但是这么做会产生大量的有毒气体 在从事这类行业的村庄周围五里或十里的地方 你就能闻到那种刺鼻的气味
toxic:adj.有毒的;中毒的;
Here's another operation. It's all cottage industries, so it's not big places -- it's all in people's front porches , in their backyards , even in their homes they're burning boards. 这是另一处回收点 他们大多是一些家庭作坊,占地面积不大 也许就是在自家门口、后院甚至是房间里面焚烧回收这些电路板
cottage:n.小屋;村舍;(农舍式的)小别墅; porches:n.门廊(porch复数形式); backyards:n.后院;后庭;
If there's a concern for somebody coming by -- because it is considered in China to be illegal , doing it, but they can't stop the product from coming in. 也许有人会对此产生疑问 确实这些行业在中国是违法的 但事实上他们也无法制止这些行为继续下去
concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工;
This portrait -- I'm not usually known for portraits , but I couldn't resist this one, where she's been through Mao, and she's been through the Great Leap Forward , 这是一张人像,我很少拍人像 但这一张实在让我无法自己 这位老人家经历了毛泽东时代,经历了大跃进
portraits:n.肖像;半身照;详细的描述;描绘;(portrait的复数) resist:v.抵制;阻挡;反抗;回击;抵抗;忍住;n.防染剂;防蚀用涂料;防腐剂; Leap Forward:跃进;向前跳;快速发展;
and the Cultural Revolution , and now she's sitting on a porch with this e-waste beside her. It's quite something. 又经历了文化大革命,而现在她坐在自家的院子里 旁边堆满了电子垃圾,这样的场景令人唏嘘
Revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环;
This is a road where it's been shored up by computer boards in one of the biggest towns where they're recycling. 这条道路两旁堆满了废弃的电脑主板 这是最大的一处电子垃圾回收村
So that's the photographs that I wanted to show you. 这就是我想给大家看的所有照片
(Applause) (掌声)
I want to dedicate my wishes to my two girls. 我想将我的心愿献给我的两个女儿
dedicate:vt.致力;献身;题献;
They've been sitting on my shoulder the whole time while I've been thinking. 在我所有思考的时光中,她们一直萦绕在我的心头
One's Megan, the one of the right, and Katja there. 右边的是玫根,左边的是卡嘉
And to me the whole notion -- the things I'm photographing are of great concern about the scale of our progress and what we call progress. 就我而言,所有这一切 所有这些我拍摄的照片 对于我们要做的事都有重大的意义
notion:n.观念;信念;理解;
And as much as there are great things around the corner -- and it's palpable in this room -- of all of the things that are just about to break that can solve so many problems, 而所有这一切在这一刻 在这里 都变得触手可及 这一切将会改变诸多问题
palpable:adj.明显的;可感知的;易觉察的;
I'm really hoping that those things will spread around the world. 我希望我们所做的事情
And will start to have a positive effect. 能够对整个世界产生一些积极的影响
positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
And it isn't something that isn't just affecting our world, but it starts to go up -- because I think we can start correcting our footprint and bring it down -- but there's a growing footprint 我认为,我们不光要改变我们身边的世界 还应该积极行动起来,改变我们自己 避免继续错下去
that's happening in Asia, and is growing at a rapid, rapid rate, and so I don't think we can equalize it. So ultimately the strategy , 尽管错误的行为还在继续,特别在亚洲,还在愈演愈烈 尽管我知道这是一件无可奈何的事情
equalize:vt.补偿;使相等;vi.成为相等;打成平局; ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;
I think, here is that we have to be very concerned about their evolution. 但是我想这也正是为什么我们需要关注他们的发展
concerned:adj.有关的;关心的;v.关心;与…有关;(concern的过去时和过去分词)
Because it is going to be connected to our evolution as well. 因为他们的发展同时会影响到我们的发展
So part of my thinking, and part of my wishes, is sitting with these thoughts in mind, and thinking about, "How is their life going to be when they want to have children, 这一方面是我所想的内容,同时也是我的愿望 带着这样的想法 我开始思考这些问题 “二十年后,或者十五年后
or when they're ready to get married 20 years from now -- or whatever, 15 years from now?" 当他们开始考虑婚姻、家庭和下一代 他们那时会是过着一种什么样的日子呢？”
And to me that has been the core behind most of my thinking. 无论是思索我的作品,还是思考这样一个难得的许愿机会
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
In my work, and also for this incredible chance to have some wishes. 这一问题都是我所有思考的核心所在
Wish one: world-changing. I want to use my images to persuade millions of people to join in the global conversation on sustainability. 我的第一个心愿:改变世界。我想要用我的照片 让更多人开始关心可持续发展这样一个世界性话题
persuade:v.说服;劝说;使信服;使相信; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
And it is through communications today that I believe that that is not an unreal idea. 得益于当今通信手段的发达 我想这并不是一个遥不可及的愿望
unreal:adj.不真实的;假的;幻想的;虚构的;
Oh, and I went in search -- I wanted to put what I had in mind, hitch it onto something. I didn't want a wish just to start from nowhere . 我在之前做过一些调查,我希望我的愿望 能够脚踏实地的执行,而不是停留在纸上谈兵
hitch:n.故障; vt.搭便车; vi.被钩住; nowhere:v.无处; n.无处; adj.不存在的;
One of them I'm starting from almost nothing, but the other one, 尽管目前我的愿望目前还没有实现
I wanted to find out what's going on that's working right now. 但是我已经找到了一个正在实行中的类似行动
And Worldchanging.com is a fantastic blog , and that blog is now being visited by close to half a million people a month. Worldchanging.com是一个很棒的博客 成立十四个月
fantastic:奇异的,空想的 blog:n.博客;部落格;网络日志;
And it just started about 14 months ago. 目前每月访问量已接近五十万人
And the beauty of what's going on there is that the tone of the conversation is the tone that I like. 这个网站最关键的一点就是 他们的态度正是我所喜欢的态度
What they're doing there is that they're not -- 他们并没有走以前那些环保运动的老路
I think the environmental movement has failed in that it's used the stick too much. 我觉得环保运动之所以失败 主要是因为他们试图用耸人听闻的语调
It's used the apocalyptic tone too much. 向人灌输环境保护的大道理
apocalyptic:adj.启示录的;天启的;
It hasn't sold the positive aspects of being environmentally-concerned and trying to pull us out, whereas this conversation that is going on in this blog is about positive movements. 而不是给人们展现环境保护的积极一面 让人们试着慢慢改变 而这个博客正是在向人们展示 环保举措所带来的积极影响
aspects:n.方面;相位;面貌(aspect的复数); whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之;
About how to change our world in a better way, quickly. 一些行之有效的方式,让我们的世界变得更好
And it's looking at technology, and it's looking at new energy-saving devices , and it's looking at how to rethink and how to re-strategize the movement towards sustainability. 包括新的技术,新的节能设备 新的思路,新的策略 一切和可持续发展相关的举措
energy-saving:adj.节省能源的; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数);
And so for me, one of the things that I thought would be to put some of my work in the service of promoting the Worldchanging.com website. 而我所能做到的 就是将我的作品 用在网站的推广宣传之中
promoting:v.促进;推动;促销;提升;晋升;(promote的现在分词)
Some of you might know, he's a TEDster -- Stephen Sagmeister and I are working on some layouts . And this is still in preliminary stages. 也许有些人已经知道,我和施德明,他同样也是TED的一份子 共同设计了一些海报,当然这还是海报的草样
layouts:n.布局;设计(layout的复数形式);图版; preliminary:n.准备;预赛;初步措施;adj.初步的;开始的;预备的;
These aren't the finals. But these images, with Worldchanging.com, can be placed into any kind of media . 而不是最终的设计结果,这些写有网址的图像 可以被用在任何类型的媒体上
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
They could be posted through the Web, they could be used as a billboard or a bus shelter , or anything of that nature. 可以放在网站上 海报上、公交车站或者任何其他地方
bus shelter:n.公共汽车候车亭;
So we're looking at this as trying to build out. 这是一个起点
And what we ended up discussing was that in most media you get mostly an image with a lot of text, and the text is blasted all over. 我们的想法是这样的 大多数媒体都采用大量文字配上一副插图 到处都是文字
blasted:adj.该死的,可恶的; v.炸毁,把…炸成碎片; (blast的过去分词和过去式)
What was unusual, according to Stephen, is less than five percent of ads are actually leading with image. 根据施德明的统计,只有不到百分之五的广告 是图像主导的,十分稀少
according to:根据,据说;
And so in this case, because it's about a lot of these images and what they represent , and the kinds of questions they bring up, that we thought letting the images play out and bring someone to say, "Well, what's Worldchanging.com, with these images, have to do?" 我们这样设计 是想要通过大量的图片来传递信息 引人思考 让人们在看到图片的同时就会想到 “Worldchanging.com,还有这些图片,这代表什么呢？”
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送;
And hopefully inspire people to go to that website. 并希望人们能够带着问题打开网站
So Worldchanging.com, and building that blog, and it is a blog, and I'm hoping that it isn't -- I don't see it as the kind of blog where we're all going to follow each other to death. 尽管Worldchanging.com现在只是一个博客 但我希望他能够更大的发展,我从不仅仅把它当做一个博客 因为这里有我们无数人前仆后继的努力
This one is one that will spoke out, and will go out, and to start reaching. Because right now there's conversations in India, in China, in South America -- there's entries coming from all around the world. 我相信它能够发出自己的声音,能够带来自己的影响 现在,就在这个网站上 已经有来自印度、中国、北美的讨论 有来自世界各地的访问者与信息
South America:n.南美洲;
I think there's a chance to have a dialogue, a conversation about sustainability at Worldchanging.com. 我相信总有一天我们可以借着Worldchanging.com 实现一场关于可持续发展的大对话,大讨论
And anything that you can do to promote that would be fantastic. 如果你愿意为促进这一切做点什么,那真是再好不过
promote:v.促进;推动;促销;提升;晋升;
Wish two is more of the bottom-up , ground-up one that I'm trying to work with. 我的下一个愿望更多是为了我们下一代考虑
bottom-up:adj.[计]自底向上的;从细节到总体的;
And this one is: I wish to launch a groundbreaking competition that motivates kids to invest ideas on, and invent ideas on, sustainability. 这个愿望是:我想发起一个开创性的运动 鼓励孩子们就可持续发展贡献自己的想法
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; groundbreaking:adj.开创性的;创新的;革新的 competition:n.竞争;比赛,竞赛; motivates:v.促使;刺激;给与动机(motivate的三单形式); invest:v.投资;(把资金)投入;投入(时间、精力等);授予;
And one of the things that came out -- 这个想法是由我的提名人艾莉森
Allison, who actually nominated me, said something earlier on in a brainstorming . She said that recycling in Canada had a fantastic entry into our psyche through kids between grade four and six. 在一次头脑风暴中提出来的 在她当时谈到了加拿大的垃圾回收问题的时候 我突然想到了四年级到六年级之间的小朋友们
nominated:v.提名;推荐;任命;指派;挑选;(nominate的过去式和过去分词) brainstorming:n.集思广益;v.集中各人智慧猛攻;(brainstorm的现在分词) psyche:n.灵魂;心智;
And you think about it, you know, grade four -- my wife and I, we say age seven is the age of reason, so they're into the age of reason. And they're pre-puberty. 大家都知道 四年级,也就是七岁左右的小孩 他们刚刚开始发育,也刚刚开始认识社会
So it's this great window where they actually are -- you can influence them. You know what happens at puberty ? 所以对于这个阶段的小孩而言 我们的言传身教就变得很重要
influence:n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事;v.影响;改变; puberty:n.青春期;开花期;
You know, we know that from earlier presentations . 这一点我想大家都知道
presentations:n.展示;自我介绍;业务陈述(presentation的复数形式);
So my thinking here is that we try to motivate those kids to start driving home ideas. Let them understand what sustainability is, and that they have a vested interest in it to happen. 我以我觉得我们可以从娃娃入手 让他们从小就知道什么是可持续发展 并且培养他们对可持续发展的兴趣
vested interest:n.既得利益;
And one of the ways I thought of doing it is to use my prize, so I would take 30,000 or 40,000 dollars of the winnings , and the rest is going to be to manage this project. 我想到的一个方法就是用我得到的奖金 大约三万到四万美元作为奖金 剩下的作为管理基金启动这一项目
winnings:n.赢得的钱(winning的复数);
But to use that as prizes for kids to get into their hands. 通过奖金激励孩子们参与到活动中来
But the other thing that I thought would be fantastic was to create these -- call them prize targets. 按照我的想法 活动最终可以评选出
And so one could be for the best sustainable idea for an in-school project. The best one for a household project. 一个最佳校园可持续发展建议奖 一个最佳家庭可持续发展建议奖
for the best:出于好意; household:n.家庭;一家人;同住一所(或一套)房子的人;adj.家庭的;家常的;王室的;
Or it could be the best community project for sustainability. 以及一个最佳社区可持续发展项目
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
And I also thought there should be a nice prize for the best artwork for "In My World." And what would happen -- it's a scalable thing. And if we can get people to put in things -- whether it's equipment, like a media lab, or money to make the prize significant enough -- 同时我还想设立一个“我的世界”艺术奖 这是一个弹性很大的项目 如果我们能吸引一部分人 为这一项目投入设备或资金 就可以让这个项目变得引人注目
scalable:adj.可攀登的;可去鳞的;可称量的; significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物;
and to open it up to all the schools that are public schools, or schools that are with kids that age, and make it a wide-open competition for them to go after those prizes and to submit them. 让所有的学校,包括公立学校 以及所有适龄儿童就读的学校 都参与到这个竞赛中来 从中收集参赛作品并评出名次
wide-open:adj.完全开放的;取缔不严的; submit:vt.使服从;主张;呈递;vi.提交;服从;
And the prize has to be a verifiable thing, so it's not about just ideas. 大奖应该颁发给一个实际项目,而不是一些不切实际的想法
verifiable:adj.可证实的;能作证的;可检验的;
The art pieces are about the ideas and how they present them and do them, but the actual things have to be verifiable. 艺术作品可以是他们的思路,或者实践的过程 但是所有的一切必须要落在实处
In that way, what's happening is that we're motivating a certain age group to start thinking. 这么做,我们实际上是在 鼓励这样一个年龄段的小孩开始思考
motivating:v.激励;刺激;调动…的积极性(motivate的ing形式); age group:n.年龄组;年龄段;
And they're going to push that up, from the bottom -- up into, 通过他们来推广可持续发展的理念
I believe, into the households . And parents will be reacting to it, and trying to help them with the projects. 我相信他们的行为可以影响到他们的父母,他们的家庭 大人们会帮助他们参与到活动中来
households:n.家庭;拆迁户;家户(household的复数); reacting:v.起反应;(对…)作出反应;回应;(react的现在分词)
And I think it starts to motivate the whole idea towards sustainability in a very positive way, and starts to teach them. They know about recycling now, 而这一切最终会让大家主动的 去关注与传播可持续发展的理念 也许大家都会自觉的回收垃圾
but they don't really, I think, get sustainability in all the things, and the energy footprint, and how that matters. 我想不是所有人都会关注可持续发展的方方面面 并去了解可持续发展的意义与影响
And to teach them, to me, would be a fantastic wish, and it would be something that I would certainly put my shoulder into. 但我很希望每个人都能理解这一点 这也正是我在一直努力去做的
And again, in "My World," the competition -- we would use the artwork that comes in from that competition to promote it. 让我们回到“我的世界”这个比赛话题 我们可以使用比赛中搜集到的艺术作品为其作为宣传
And I like the words, "In My World," 我喜欢“我的世界”这个主题
because it gives possession of the world to the person who's doing it. 这个主题可以让我们认识到自己是这个世界的主人
possession:n.拥有;具有;属地;个人财产;
It is my world, it's not someone else's, I want to help it. 这是我的世界,而不是别人的世界,我应该保护她
I want to do something with it. So I think it has a great opportunity to engage the imaginations -- and great ideas, I think, come from kids -- and engage their imagination into a project, and do something for schools. 我应该为她做些什么 我想这是一个很好的机会去鼓励孩子们 运用自己的想象力为这个项目 也为自己的校园生活,贡献一些力量
imaginations:n.[心理]想象力;空想;幻想物;
I think all schools could use extra equipment, extra cash -- it's going to be an incentive for them to do that. 我觉得每个学校都应该拿出一些经费和设备 引导学生们参与到这一活动中来
extra:adj.额外的:n.额外的事物:adv.额外:另外: incentive:n.动机;刺激;adj.激励的;刺激的;
And these are some of the ideas in terms of where we could possibly put in some promotion for "In My World." 而我们与此同时就可以借着这样一些机会 宣传“我的世界”这样一个活动
And wish three is Imax film. So I was told I should do one for myself, and I've always wanted to actually get involved with doing something. 我的第三个心愿是拍一部IMAX电影 我一直对自己说,我应该拍一部这样的电影,这是我一直以来的心愿
Imax:n.IMAX超大银幕技术;艾麦克斯影院;
And the scale of my work, and the kinds of ideas I'm playing with -- when I first saw an Imax film, I almost immediately thought, "There's a real resonance between what I'm trying to do, and the scale of what I try to do as a photographer." 当我第一次看到IMAX电影,我就发现这和我的作品 和我一直从事的工作,有一些相同之处 我想,一切无论是内容还是形式 这都与我作为一个摄影师所做的及其相似
resonance:n.[力]共振;共鸣;反响;
And I think there's a real possibility to make a powerful -- to reach new audiences if I had a chance. 如果给我一个机会 我一定会给观众带来震撼的感受
So I'm looking, really, for a mentor , because I just had my birthday. 当然,我非常需要有人来帮帮我
mentor:n.指导者,良师益友;vt.指导;
I'm 50, and I don't have time to go back to school right now -- 我刚刚过了五十岁生日,我已经没有什么时间花在学习上了
I'm too busy. So I need somebody who can put me on a quick catch-up course on how to do something like that, and lead me through the maze of how one does something like this. 我确实很忙,所以我需要有人 可以帮我迅速掌握相关的操作技能 给我的拍摄工作指出一条明路,这一定很有趣。
catch-up:与…并驾齐驱(towith);扰乱(说话人);赶上;追上;跟上; maze:n.迷宫;迷惑;糊涂;vt.迷失;使混乱;使困惑;
That would be fantastic. So those are my three wishes. 以上,就是我的三个愿望
(Applause) (掌声)