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DuarteGeraldino_2017S-_我们的移民辩论忽略了什么_
So, Ma was trying to explain something to me about Grandma and when they grew up, but I couldn't pay attention to her because I was five years old, and I was petrified . 有天我妈试着向我解释关于外婆 以及她们成长时代的事, 但我无法专心听她说, 因为我才五岁,而我看傻了。
pay attention to:注意 petrified:adj.非常害怕; v.使吓呆; (petrify的过去分词和过去式)
I had just seen The Green Lady. 我刚刚看到绿夫人（自由女神）。
Now, about a week earlier, I'd watched that movie " Godzilla ," 约在一周前我才刚看了哥吉拉电影,
Godzilla:n.哥斯拉(动画片名称);
the one about that huge lizard-like beast storming a major city, and the thought of a green monster coming for me was stuck in my mind. 内容是一只像蜥蜴的 巨兽猛攻大城市, 一只绿色怪物前来抓我的想法 定格在我脑海里。
monster:n.怪物;恶魔;庞然大物;adj.巨大的;
And yet there I was, at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom, just staring at her: her horns , her muscles -- all of it just frightened me. 当时我和妈妈在曼哈顿的下城区, 我直直盯着她看: 她头上的角, 她的肌肉── 我被这一切给吓坏了。
tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜; staring:adj.凝视的,目不转睛的;显眼的;v.凝视;盯着看;显眼;(stare的现在分词) horns:n.喇叭; v.截锯…的角; muscles:n.肌肉(muscle的复数); frightened:adj.害怕的;受惊的;惊吓的;v.使惊吓;使惊恐;(frighten的过去分词和过去式)
And I didn't know whether she was a monster or a hero. 那时我不知道她是怪兽还是英雄。
So I decided to consult the Google of the day -- "Ma! Ma!" 所以我决定问当时的谷歌大神── 「妈！妈！」
consult:v.咨询;请教;商量;查阅;查询;参看; Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎;
(Laughter) （笑声）
My mother explained that The Green Lady is actually the Statue of Liberty and that she was waving immigrants in. 我妈妈解释说, 绿夫人其实是自由女神, 她在挥手,欢迎移民入境。
Statue of Liberty:n.(美国纽约港的)自由女神像; immigrants:n.移民(immigrant的复数);
Now, the part of her explanation that really messed with my young head was the fact that, according to Ma, long before us, 她的部份解释混淆了我年幼的脑袋, 那部份就是,根据妈妈的说法, 远在我们之前,
messed:v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱;随地便溺(mess的过去分词和过去式) according to:根据,据说;
The Green Lady was actually brown, brown like me, and that she changed colors over the years, much like America. 绿夫人其实是褐色的, 像我一样的褐色。 多年来她改变了颜色, 就像美国一样。
Now, the part that really is intriguing about this is that when she changed colors, she made me think about myself. 这说法最发人深省的部份是: 她变了颜色让我想到我自己。
intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词)
It all made sense to me, because as a first-generation American, 那对我来说是合理的, 因为身为第一代的美国人,
first-generation:adj.出生在美国的;原件第一代;
I was surrounded by immigrants. 我身边都是移民朋友。
In fact, within my immediate social circle of the people who support me, who enrich my life, at least two are foreign-born . 事实上在我最接近的社交圈中, 支持我、丰富我人生的人, 至少有两人是在国外出生的。
enrich:v.充实;使丰富;使富有;使富裕; foreign-born:adj.在国外出生的;
My life as a US citizen is in many ways shaped by newcomers , and chances are, so is yours. 我的美国公民生活在许多方面 是由新移民所形塑出来的; 很有可能你也一样。
newcomers:n.新来的人(newcomer的复数);
There are more than 40 million immigrants in the USA. 美国有超过四千万移民。
According to census data, a quarter of the nation's children have at least one foreign-born parent. 根据人口普查资料, 四分之一的美国孩童 至少有一位家长出生于国外。
census:vt.实施统计调查;n.人口普查,人口调查;
I know all these statistics because I study global migration patterns. 会知道这些统计数据是因为 我研究全球移民人口的迁移模式。
statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数) global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; migration:n.迁移;迁徙;转移;移居;
I'm a journalist , and for the last few years, 我是个记者,过去几年间,
journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者;
I've been documenting the lives of US citizens who've lost people to deportation . 我一直在记录亲人被驱逐出境的 美国公民生活,
deportation:n.驱逐出境;放逐;
And the numbers are enormous . 这类人的人数相当多。
enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的;
more than three million people were "ordered removed" -- that's the technical term for being deported . 超过三百万人被「强制移除」── 那个技术名词的意思是驱逐出境。
technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; deported:v.驱逐出境,递解出境(deport的过去分词和过去式)
There is an economic , a political, a psychological and an emotional cost to those deportations -- the moments when these circles are broken. 一旦这些人熟悉的生活圈遭到破坏, 他们的经济圈、政治圈、心理状况、 及情绪上都得付出相当大的代价。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; psychological:adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; deportations:n.驱逐出境;放逐;遣送回国;(deportation的复数)
I once asked a US soldier, "Why did you volunteer to fight this war?" 我曾经问过一名美国大兵: 「为什么妳要自愿从军去打这场仗？」
volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿;
And she told me, "Because I'm proud to defend my country." 她告诉我: 「因为我很自豪能够防卫我的国家。」
But I pressed to know -- "Really, when you're on base, and you hear bombs exploding in the distance , and you see soldiers coming back who are gravely injured , in that moment, when you know you could be next, what does 'my country' mean?" 但我追问: 「说真的,当妳在基地里, 听见远处有炸弹爆炸, 看到身受重伤的士兵回来, 在那一刻,当妳知道 下一个可能就是妳的时候, 『我的国家』意义是什么？」
exploding:v.爆炸;爆裂;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险);(explode的现在分词) in the distance:在远处; gravely:adv.严重地;严肃地;严峻地;沉重地; injured:adj.受伤的:委屈的: v.伤害,使受伤: n.伤员;
She looked at me. 她看着我:
'"My country is my wife, my family, my friends, my soldiers." 「我的国家是我的妻子、 我的家庭、 我的朋友、我的士兵。」
What she was telling me is that "my country" is a collection of these strong relationships; these social circles. 她在告诉我的是, 「我的国家」是所有 这些坚固关系的总体; 这些社交圈的总体。
When the social circles are weakened , a country itself is weaker. 当社交圈弱化的时候, 国家本身也会变弱。
weakened:v.(使)虚弱,衰弱;减弱;削弱;动摇;(weaken的过去分词和过去式)
We're missing a crucial aspect in the debate about immigration policy . 在辩论移民政策的时候, 我们都忽略了这个关键的面向。
crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的; aspect:n.方面;层面;外观;方位; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; immigration:n.外来移民;移居; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单;
Rather than focusing on individuals , we should focus on the circles around them, because these are the people who are left behind: the voters, the taxpayers , the ones who are suffering that loss. 别把焦点放在个人身上, 而应该把焦点放在他们周围的圈子, 因为这些是被留下来的人: 这些选民、纳税人、 这些饱受痛苦的人。
individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); taxpayers:n.纳税人(taxpayer的复数);
And it's not just the children of the deported who are impacted . 并不只有被驱逐者的孩子受到冲击。
impacted:adj.压紧的;结实的;嵌入的;(人口)稠密的;v.装紧;挤满(impact的过去分词);
You have brothers and sisters who are separated by borders. 还有兄弟姐妹被国界分开的。
You have classmates, teachers, law enforcement officers, technologists , scientists, doctors, who are all scrambling to make sense of new realities when their social circles are broken. 还有同学、老师、执法人员、 技术专家、科学家和医生, 当社交圈被打破时, 他们都在仓促地在混乱中 试着为新的现实找出意义。
enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; technologists:n.技术人员(technologist的复数);[劳经]技术专家; scrambling:v.爬,攀登;争抢;抢占;争夺;艰难地(或仓促地)完成(scramble的现在分词) make sense of:搞清…的意思;
These are the real lives behind all these statistics that dominate discussions about immigration policy. 这些人都是统计数据背后的真实生命, 这些数据主导着我们的移民政策。
dominate:vt.控制;支配;占优势;在…中占主要地位;vi.占优势;处于支配地位;
But we don't often think about them. 但我们通常不会想到他们。
And I'm trying to change that. 我在试着改变这一点。
Here's just one of the real-life stories that I've collected. 以下是我所收集到的 真实人生故事当中的一个。
real-life:adj.现实的;实在的;
And it still haunts me. 它仍然萦绕在我心头。
haunts:v.出没; n.常去的场所; (haunt的第三人称单数和复数)
I met Ramon and his son in 2016, the same year both of them were being ordered out of the country. 我在 2016 年见到拉蒙和他的儿子, 同年,他们两人都 被下令要离开美国。
Ramon was being deported to Latin America , while his son, who was a sergeant in the US military , was being deployed . 拉蒙被驱逐到拉丁美洲, 他的儿子是美国陆军的中士, 他是被部署到国外。
Latin America:n.拉丁美洲(以西班牙语或葡萄牙语为主要语言的美洲地区); sergeant:n.军士;警察小队长;海军陆战队中士;高等律师; military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人; deployed:v.部署(deploy的过去式);展开;
Deported ... 一个被驱逐…
deployed. 一个被部署。
If you just look at Ramon's case, it wouldn't be clear how deeply connected to the country he is. 如果你只看拉蒙的个案, 不太容易知道 他和这个国家的连结有多深。
But consider his son: a US citizen defending a country that's banished his father. 但想想他的儿子: 一个美国公民在保卫这个 驱逐他父亲的国家。
banished:v.放逐;流放;赶走;驱除;(banish的过去分词和过去式)
The social circle is what's key here. 这里的关键就是社交圈。
Here's another example that illustrates those critical bonds. 还有另一例子能描绘这关键的连结。
illustrates:v.阐明;举例说明(illustrate的三单形式);给…加插图; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的;
A group of citizens in Philadelphia were concerned about their jobs, because the legal owner of the restaurant where they worked was an undocumented immigrant, and immigration officials had picked him up. 有一群费城的公民很关心他们的工作, 他们为一间餐厅工作, 而餐厅的法定所有人 是没有合法文件的移民, 而移民局的官员已经来把他带走了。
Philadelphia:n.费城(美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市); concerned:adj.有关的;关心的;v.关心;与…有关;(concern的过去时和过去分词) legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; undocumented:adj.无事实证明的;无正式文件的;
They rallied behind him. 他们团结起来支持他。
rallied:v.召集;复原;恢复健康;振作精神;价格回升;(rally的过去分词和过去式)
An immigration lawyer argued he was too important to the local community to be deported. 移民律师的主张是, 他对当地社区而言太重要, 因此不能被驱逐。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
At the hearing, they even submitted restaurant reviews -- restaurant reviews! 在听证会上,他们甚至 呈上了餐厅的评介── 餐厅的评介！
submitted:v.提交;顺从;投降;表示;认为;建议;(submit的过去分词和过去式) reviews:n.综述; v.回顾;
In the end, a judge exercised what's called " judicial discretion " 最终,法官行使所谓的「司法裁量权」,
judicial:adj.公正的,明断的;法庭的;审判上的; discretion:n.自由裁量权;谨慎;判断力;判定;考虑周到;
and allowed him to stay in the country, but only because they considered the social circle. 允许他留在美国, 只因为他们考量了社交圈。
There are 23 million noncitizens in the USA, according to verifiable federal data. 美国有 2300 万个非公民, 数字来源是已被验证的 联邦政府资料。
verifiable:adj.可证实的;能作证的;可检验的; federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地;
And that doesn't include the undocumented, because numbers for that population are at best complex estimates . 这还没包括没有证明文件的人, 因为政府的复杂数字 只是最保守的估计。
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; estimates:n.估计;估价;估计的成本;v.估价;估算(estimate的第三人称单数和复数)
Let's just work with what we have. 我们就用手边有的资料来谈。
That's 23 million social circles -- about 100 million individuals whose lives could be impacted by deportation. 2300 万个社交圈── 大约一亿人的生活会受到驱逐的冲击。
And the stress of it all is trickling down through the population. 而它造成的压力在这个 族群中慢慢向下移动着。
trickling:n.油画底色含油太多而成泡沫状突起;v.流出;使滴下(trickle的ing形式);
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents found that 30 percent of citizens in LA County are stressed about deportation, not because they themselves could be removed, but rather, because members of their social circle were at risk. 洛杉矶加大在 2017 年 发现有 30% 的洛杉矶郡公民 对驱逐感到有压力, 并不是因为他们自己本身会被赶走, 而是因为他们的社交圈成员会有危险。
poll:n.投票; v.获得(票数); adj.当事人一方作成的; County:n.郡,县; residents:n.居民;住院医生;房客;(resident的复数)
I am not suggesting that no one should ever be deported; don't confuse me with that. 我并不是说没有人应该被驱逐; 别误解我的意思。
confuse:v.混同;使迷惑;使糊涂;使更难于理解;
But what I am saying is that we need to look at the bigger picture. 我的意思是,
If you are within the sound of my voice, 如果你们听到我在说甚么,
I want you to close your eyes for a moment and examine your own social circle. 我想请你们闭上眼睛一会儿, 檢视一下自己的社交圈。
Who are your foreign-born? 圈中谁是在国外出生的？
What would it feel like if the circle were broken? 如果这个圈子被打破, 会是什么感觉？
Share your story. 分享你的故事。
I'm building a global archive of first-person accounts and linking them with mapping technology , so that we can see exactly where these circles break, because this is not just an American issue . 我在建立一个第一人称 故事的全球资料庫, 并用地图模式技术来连结这些故事, 让我们能清楚看见 这些圈子是从何处破裂的, 因为这不只是美国的议题。
archive:n.档案馆;档案文件; first-person:第一人称角色; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
There are a quarter-billion migrants around the world; people living, loving and learning in countries where they were not born. 全世界有 2 亿 5 千万移民; 他们在不是自己出生的国家 居住、付出爱,和学习。
And in my career , in my life, I've been one of them: in China, in Africa, in Europe. 在职涯、人生中,我也曾是其中一员: 在中国、在非洲、在欧洲。
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
And each time I become one of these foreigners -- one of these strange-looking guys in a new land -- 每当我持着外国人的身分, 是新地方里一个外表奇特的家伙时,
strange-looking:样子奇怪的;
I can't help but think back to that day when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom all those decades ago, when I was scared, and I had just spotted that green lady. 就忍不住会回想起 我和妈妈在曼哈顿下城区的那一天, 那是几十年前了, 我很害怕, 刚刚见识了自由女神。
spotted:adj.有花点的;有斑点的;v.看见;看出;发现;让步;(spot的过去分词和过去式)
And I guess the question that I keep on thinking about when I see her and all the younger replicas of her that are so obviously brown, and even the paintings that showcase her in the beginning as not quite green -- when I look at all of that, the question that my research seeks to answer 猜想在我见过她后一直在思考的问题: 虽然早期她的复制品都是褐色的, 甚至一些展示柜里的 图画作品也没那么绿, 当我看着这一切, 我寻求解答的问题
replicas:n.复制品;仿制品;(replica的复数) showcase:n.展示的场合;玻璃柜台;v.使展现;在玻璃橱窗陈列; seeks:v.寻求;寻找;探索;搜索;
becomes, to me, the same one that confounded me all those years ago: 变成是多年前让我迷惘的同一问题:
confounded:adj.讨厌的,该死的; v.使困惑惊讶; (confound的过去式和过去分词)
Is she a monster or a hero? 她是怪兽？ 还是英雄？
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）