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DrewPhilp_2017S-_我在底特律的五百元房子和协助我重建的邻居_
In 2009, I bought a house in Detroit for 500 dollars. 2009 年,我在底特律买了 一间房子,价格是 500 美元。
Detroit:n.底特律(美国一座城市);
It had no windows, no plumbing , no electricity and it was filled with trash . 这间房子没有窗户、 没有抽水马桶、没有电力, 里面还满是垃圾。
plumbing:n.管路系统;水暖工的工作;v.探索;钻研;探究;(plumb的现在分词) electricity:n.电力;电流;强烈的紧张情绪; trash:n.垃圾;废物;v.丢弃;修剪树枝;
The first floor held nearly 10,000 pounds of garbage , and that included the better part of a Dodge Caravan , cut into chunks with a reciprocating saw. 一楼就有近 4500 公斤的垃圾, 其中包括一辆道奇 Caravan 比较好的部分, 但它被电锯分割成了数块。
first floor:一楼 garbage:n.垃圾;废物; Dodge:v.闪避;躲开;逃避;n.推脱的计策;逃避的诡计; Caravan:n.(可供居住的)拖车,大篷车; vi.乘拖车度假; chunks:n.厚块;大块;相当大的量;组块;(chunk的复数) reciprocating:adj.往复的; n.往复; v.往复运动(reciprocate的ing形式);
(Laughter) （笑声）
I lived nearly two years without heat, woke up out of a dead sleep multiple times to gunshots , was attacked by a pack of wild dogs and ripped my kitchen cabinets from an abandoned school as they were actively tearing that school down. 我住了近两年没暖气, 多次在沉睡中被枪声惊醒, 被野狗群攻击, 我的橱柜是从一间废弃学校拿来的, 当时他们正积极地拆除学校。
multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; gunshots:n.射击;射程;炮击;adj.射击的;枪炮射击所致的; cabinets:n.陈列柜;内阁;匣子;小房间(cabinet的复数); abandoned:adj.被抛弃的放纵的;v.抛弃;丢弃,离开;放弃;(abandon的过去分词和过去式)
This, of course, is the Detroit that your hear about. 当然,这是你们听说的底特律。
Make no mistake, it's real. 没有错,这是真的。
But there's another Detroit, too. 但也还有另一个底特律。
Another Detroit that's more hopeful, more innovative , and may just provide some of the answers to cities struggling to reinvent themselves everywhere. 那个底特律更有希望、 更创新, 或可提供一些答案 给各地正在努力自我改造的城市。。
innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; reinvent:v.以新形象示人;以新形式出现;
These answers, however, do not necessarily adhere to conventional wisdom about good development. 然而,这些答案不见得会 符合大家对于 「好的开发」的传统认知。
necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地; adhere:vi.坚持;依附;粘着;追随;vt.使粘附; conventional:adj.符合习俗的,传统的;常见的;惯例的; wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问;
I think Detroit's real strength boils down to two words: radical neighborliness . 我认为底特律的优点 可以归结为五个字: 积极的睦邻。
radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的; neighborliness:n.睦邻友好;和睦;
And I wasn't able to see it myself until I lived there. 而在我住到那里之前, 我都无法看见这一点。
About a decade ago, 大约在 10 年前,
I moved to Detroit with no friends, no job and no money, at a time when it seemed like everyone else was moving out. 我搬到底特律,没有朋友、 没有工作、没有钱, 那个时候,似乎所有人 都在搬出底特律。
Between 2000 and 2010, 25 percent of the city's population left. 2000 至 2010 年间, 全市人口有 25 % 离开了。
This included about half of the elementary-aged children. 其中约包括一半的小学年纪的学童。
This was after six decades of decline . 这发生在长达 60 年的衰退之后。
decline:v.下降;衰退;减少;谢绝;n.下降;
A city built for almost two million was down to less than 800,000. 这座城市是为了容纳 200 万人 建造,现在却只剩下 80 万人。
What you usually don't hear is that people didn't go very far. 我们通常不会听到的是, 大家并没有走远。
The population of the Detroit metro area itself has largely remained steady since the '70s. 底特律市区本身的人口 在 70 年代之后就大致上稳定了。
metro:地铁 largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; steady:adj.稳定的; v.使稳定; v.稳定地; n.关系固定的情侣;
Most people who left Detroit just went to the suburbs , while the 139 square miles of the city deteriorated , leaving some estimates as high as 40 square miles of abandoned land -- about the size of San Francisco. 大部分离开底特律的人 只是搬到近郊去, 但城市有 22 万平方公尺的 面积都恶化了, 估计约有高达 6 万平公尺 的废弃土地, 这大约是旧金山市的大小。
suburbs:n.郊外(suburb的复数); deteriorated:v.变坏;恶化;退化;(deteriorate的过去分词和过去式) estimates:n.估计;估价;估计的成本;v.估价;估算(estimate的第三人称单数和复数)
Aside from platitudes such as the vague and agentless " deindustrialization ," 除了模糊且不负责任的 「反工業化」陈词滥调,
platitudes:n.陈词滥调;平凡;陈腐; vague:adj.模糊的;含糊的;不明确的;暧昧的; deindustrialization:n.限制工业化;
Detroit's exodus can be summed up with two structures : freeways and walls. 底特律大量的人口外移 可以用两种结构来总结: 高速公路和墙壁。
exodus:n.大批的离去; summed:v.归纳;总计;总结,概括;(sum的过去分词和过去式) structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式); freeways:n.[公路]高速公路(freeway的复数形式);
The freeways, coupled with massive governmental subsidies for the suburbs via infrastructure and home loans, allowed people to leave the city at will, taking with it tax base, jobs and education dollars. 高速公路, 透过基础建设和家庭贷款, 和政府对近郊的大量补助绑在一起, 让大家能够自由地离开城市, 把税金、工作和教育基金一起带走。
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; governmental:adj.政府的;政治的;统治上的; subsidies:n.补贴;补助金;津贴;(subsidy的复数) via:prep.通过;经由;n.道路;[医]管道; infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
The walls made sure only certain people could leave. 墙壁则是确保只有某些人能够离开,
In multiple places, brick and concrete walls separate city and suburbs, white and black, running directly across municipal streets and through neighborhoods. 在许多地方, 磗头和水泥墙阻隔了城市与近郊, 黑人与白人, 跨越过城市的街道、 穿过社区。
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; municipal:adj.市政的,市的;地方自治的;
They're mere physical manifestations of racist housing practices such as redlining , 它们是种族主义的真实呈现, 比如画红线、 【拒绝提供服务、房贷给有色人种】
mere:adj.仅仅的;只不过的;n.小湖;池塘; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; manifestations:n.临床表现(manifestion的复数);显示;证明; racist:n.种族主义者;种族主义的; redlining:n.划红线注销(将某些顾客划出贷款对象范围); v.(用红线)注销;
[Denying services to people of color]
restrictive covenants and outright terror. 限制契约 【屋主、建商和市政组织 达成共识,拒绝卖房给有色人种】 和彻头彻尾的恐怖。 【炸弹攻击、纵火和谋杀】
covenants:n.条款,契约(covenant复数); v.订立盟约、契约(covenant的第三人称单数形式); outright:v.全部地; adj.完全的,彻底的;
In 1971, the Ku Klux Klan bombed 10 school buses rather than have them transport integrated students. 1971 年,3Ｋ党炸了十台校车, 只因为学生没有实行种族隔离,
Ku Klux Klan:n.三K党(美国南部的白人秘密组织,通过暴力反对社会变革和为黑人争取平等权利); transport:n.运输;输送;运送;运输机;v.输送;传播;使产生身临其境的感觉;(旧时)流放; integrated:adj.综合的; v.整合; (integrate的过去式和过去分词)
All these have made Detroit the most racially segregated metro area in the United States. 这一切让底特律成为全美 种族主义最兴盛的都市。
racially:adv.人种上;按人种; segregated:adj.被隔离的;v.隔离(segregate的过去式);分离; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
I grew up in a small town in Michigan , the son of a relatively blue-collar family. 我在密西根的一个小镇长大, 我的家庭属于蓝领阶层。
Michigan:n.密歇根;美国密歇根州; relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地; blue-collar:adj.穿蓝领工装的;体力劳动的;蓝领阶级;
And after university, I wanted to do something -- probably na?vely -- to help. 大学毕業后,我想要做点什么── 可能很天真── 我想协助。
I didn't want to be one of the almost 50 percent of college graduates leaving the state at the time, and I thought I might use my fancy college education at home for something positive . 当时有近 50% 的大学生 毕業后选择到其他州发展, 我不想要成为其中之一, 我想我可以用得来不易的大学教育 在家乡做些正面的事。
fancy:n.幻想; adj.想象的; v.想象; positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
I'd been reading this great American philosopher named Grace Lee Boggs who happened to live in Detroit, and she said something I can't forget. 我一直在阅读伟大的美国哲学家 她刚好住在底特律, 她说了一段话让我永远无法忘怀,
philosopher:n.哲学家;深思的人;善于思考的人; Grace:n.优雅;恩惠;魅力;慈悲;v.使优美;
'"The most radical thing that I ever did was to stay put." 「我所做过最激进的事情, 就是维持现状。」
I thought buying a house might indelibly tie me to the city while acting as a physical protest to these walls and freeways. 我心想,买一间房子可能会 让我不得不与这城市有所连结, 于此同时我也实际地向 这些墙壁和高速公路抗议。
indelibly:adv.不能消灭地; protest:n.抗议;抗议书(或行动);反对;v.(公开)反对;抗议;申辩;
Because grants and loans weren't available to everyone, 因为补助金和贷款并非人人可得,
grants:n.补助金; v.[专利]授予;
I decided I was going to do this without them and that I would wage my personal fight against the city that had loomed over my childhood with power tools. 我决定不用它们来买房子, 我要展开一场个人的战斗, 对抗这个使用权力工具 让我的童年笼罩在阴霾的城市。
wage:v.发动;n.(通常指按周领的)工资; personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; loomed:n.织布机; vi.可怕地出现; vt.在织布机上织; childhood:n.童年;幼年;孩童时期
I eventually found an abandoned house in a neighborhood called Poletown. 我终于在一个叫做波尔镇的社区 找到了一间废弃的房子。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的;
It looked like the apocalypse had descended . 波尔镇看起来好像是 世界末日降临似的。
apocalypse:n.启示;天启; descended:adj.出身于...的;从一个祖先传下来的;
The neighborhood was prairie land. 这附近是草原土地。
prairie:n.大草原;牧场;
A huge, open expanse of waist-high grass cluttered only by a handful of crippled , abandoned structures and a few brave holdouts with well-kept homes. 一大片开阔、杂草及腰的草地上, 只有少数残缺的废弃建筑物 和几间保存完好的房屋勇敢挺立着。
expanse:n.宽阔;广阔的区域;苍天;膨胀扩张; waist-high:adj.高及腰际的,齐腰高的;adv.高及腰际地; cluttered:adj.杂乱的; v.凌乱地塞满; (clutter的过去分词和过去式) crippled:v.使残废;使跛;使成瘸子;严重毁坏(或损害)(cripple的过去分词和过去式) holdouts:坚持(holdout的复数); well-kept:adj.被忠实遵守的;保管妥当的;
Just a 15-minute bike ride from the baseball stadium downtown , the neighborhood was positively rural . 尽管骑脚踏车到闹区的 棒球场只要 15 分钟, 这区全然和乡下一样。
stadium:n.[体]露天大型体育场;[病]病期;[生]生长期;龄期; downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的; positively:adv.肯定地;明确地;断然地; rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
What houses were left looked like cardboard boxes left in the rain; two-story monstrosities with wide-open shells and melted porches . 剩下的房屋看起来 像雨中残留的纸箱。 两层楼高的怪物,屋壳大开、 门廊倾颓倒塌。
cardboard:n.[纸]硬纸板;纸板箱;卡纸板;adj.不真实的;硬纸板制的; two-story:两层(楼)的; monstrosities:n.畸形;可怕的东西;残暴; wide-open:adj.完全开放的;取缔不严的; shells:n.壳;壳状物;炮弹;v.炮击;给…去壳(shell的第三人称单数和复数) melted:v.(使)熔化,融化;(使)软化,变得温柔;(melt的过去分词和过去式) porches:n.门廊(porch复数形式);
One of the most striking things I remember were the rosebushes , forgotten and running wild over tumbled-down fences, no longer cared for by anyone. 我所记得最震撼的东西之一 就是蔷薇花丛, 它们被遗忘,无节制地生长, 爬过残破不堪的篱笆, 不再有任何人在乎。
rosebushes:n.蔷薇丛;玫瑰丛;灌木;
This was my house on the day I boarded it up to protect it from the elements and further decay . 这是我初登家门的那一天, 我去保护它不进一步朽烂。
elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) decay:v.(使)腐烂;破败;(力量、影响等)衰弱;n.腐烂;腐朽;衰退;
I eventually purchased it from the county in a live auction . 我最终在一场拍卖会上 向政府买下了它。
purchased:v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的过去式和过去分词) county:n.郡,县; auction:v.拍卖;竞卖;n.拍卖;
I'd assumed the neighborhood was dead. 我假定这个小区已死,
assumed:adj.假定的;假设的;v.假定;假设;认为;承担;(assume的过去分词和过去式)
That I was some kind of pioneer. 我算是某种先锋。
Well, I couldn't have been more wrong. 然而我错到不能再错了,
I was in no way a pioneer, and would come to understand how offensive that is. 我完全不是先锋者, 且我渐渐了解到那样的 想法有多么冒犯。
in no way:决不; offensive:n.进攻;攻势;攻击;侵犯;adj.冒犯的;得罪人的;无礼的;
One of the first things I learned was to add my voice to the chorus , not overwrite what was already happening. 我最先学到的几件事之一, 是要把我的声音加到合唱团里, 而不是把已发生的事情重写。
chorus:n.合唱队;齐声;歌舞队;v.合唱;异口同声地说; overwrite:vt.重写; vi.写得过多或过长; n.重写; (美)代理佣金;
(Voice breaking) Because the neighborhood hadn't died. （声音断续）因为这个小区还没死。
It had just transformed in a way that was difficult to see if you didn't live there. 它只是变样了,而它转变的方式, 若不是住在那里是很难看见的。
transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式)
Poletown was home to an incredibly resourceful , incredibly intelligent and incredibly resilient community . 波尔镇是一个非常有资源、 非常有智慧,且非常有韧性的社区。
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; resourceful:adj.资源丰富的;足智多谋的;机智的; intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的 resilient:adj.弹回的,有弹力的; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
It was there I first experienced the power of radical neighborliness. 在那里,我初次体验到 「积极的睦邻」的力量。
During the year I worked on my house before moving in, 在搬进去之前,我花了 一年整修我的房子,
I lived in a microcommunity inside Poletown, founded by a wild and virtuous farmer named Paul Weertz. 那段期间我就住在 波尔镇里的一个微型社区内, 它由一位狂野且正直的 农夫保罗 ? 沃兹创立,
microcommunity:n.生物小群落; virtuous:adj.善良的;有道德的;贞洁的;正直的;有效力的;
Paul was a teacher in a Detroit public school for pregnant and parenting mothers, and his idea was to teach the young women to raise their children by first raising plants and animals. 保罗在底特律一所 公立学校担任老师, 教导怀孕和带孩子的母亲, 他的想法是,若要教导 年轻女性养育她们的孩子, 就要先教她们养育动物和植物。
public school:(美国和苏格兰的初等或中等的)公立中小学;寄宿学校; pregnant:adj.怀孕的;富有意义的;
While the national average graduation rate for pregnant teens is about 40 percent, at Catherine Ferguson Academy it was often above 90, in part due to Paul's ingenuity . 全国怀孕青少女的 平均毕業率是 40 % , 在凯瑟琳费格逊中学却超过 90 % , 部分原因就是保罗的独创性。
teens:n.十多岁,十几岁;青少年; Academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校; ingenuity:n.心灵手巧,独创性;精巧;精巧的装置;
Paul brought much of this innovation to his block in Poletown, which he'd stewarded for more than 30 years, purchasing houses when they were abandoned, 保罗把许多创新的概念带回到 他在波尔镇的街区, 他在那里至少服务了 30 年, 在房子被废弃时将它们买下来,
innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; stewarded:v.当…的管家;(官员)管理(大型公共事件);(steward的过去式和过去分词); purchasing:n.购买;采购;v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的现在分词)
convincing his friends to move in and neighbors to stay and helping those who wanted to buy their own and fix them up. 说服朋友搬进去、游说邻居留下, 以及协助想要买自己房子的人安顿。
convincing:adj.令人信服的; v.使确信; (convince的现在分词)
In a neighborhood where many blocks now only hold one or two houses, all the homes on Paul's block stand. 在这个小区,有许多街区现在 都只剩一间或两间房子了, 但在保罗的街区, 所有的家园都还在。
It's an incredible testament to the power of community, to staying in one place and to taking ownership of one's own surroundings -- of simply doing it yourself. 这充分证明了社区的力量, 待在一个地方── 掌控自己的环境, 单纯的靠自己动手。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; testament:n.[法]遗嘱;圣约;确实的证明; surroundings:n.周围的环境;环境;(surrounding的复数)
It's the kind of place where black doctors live next to white hipsters next to immigrant mothers from Hungary or talented writers from the jungles of Belize , showing me Detroit wasn't just black and white , and diversity could flourish when it's encouraged. 在那里,黑人医生家的隔壁 住着时髦白人 及来自匈牙利的移民母亲, 或是来自贝里斯丛林的天才作家, 这让我见识到, 底特律不只是黑与白, 当它的多样性受到鼓励时,它会兴盛。
hipsters:n.时髦人群;穿低腰裤者(hipster的复数); immigrant:n.(外来)移民;外侨;adj.侨民的; Belize:n.伯利兹城(拉丁美洲国家); black and white:adj.印刷的;黑白混合的;用笔写的; diversity:n.差异(性):多样性:多样化: flourish:n.兴旺; vt.夸耀; vi.繁荣,兴旺;
Each year, neighbors assemble to bale hay for the farm animals on the block , teaching me just how much a small group of people can get done when they work together, and the magnetism of fantastical yet practical ideas. 每年,邻居们会一起将干草打成捆, 供街区的牧场动物用, 这教导了我, 当一小群人通力合作时 能完成多少的事, 以及荒诞却又实际的 想法有多吸引人。
assemble:vt.集合,聚集;装配;收集;vi.集合,聚集; bale:n.包;捆;灾祸;不幸;v.将...打包; on the block:出售中;在拍卖中; magnetism:n.磁性,磁力;磁学;吸引力; fantastical:adj.空想的;捕风捉影的; practical:adj.实际的;真实的;客观存在的;n.实习课;实践课;
Radical neighborliness is every house behind Paul's block burning down, and instead of letting it fill up with trash and despair , 「积极的睦邻」是当保罗住的街区 后面的每间房子都烧毁, 他选择不让土地堆满垃圾和绝望,
despair:v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心;n.绝望;
Paul and the surrounding community creating a giant circular garden ringed with dozens of fruit trees, beehives and garden plots for anyone that wants one, helping me see that our challenges can often be assets . 偕同周围的社区一同 建造一座围绕着果树、蜂窝 以及花圃的巨大圆形花园, 提供给任何想要的人, 这让我见识到,我们的 挑战通常也会是种资产。
giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的 circular:adj.圆形的; n.(同时送达很多人的)印刷信函(或通知、广告); beehives:n.蜂房(beehive的复数形式); plots:n.情节; v.划分; assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;(一项)财物;资产;(asset的名词复数)
It's where residents are experimenting with renewable energy and urban farming and offering their skills and discoveries to others, illustrating we don't necessarily have to beg the government to provide solutions. 在那里,居民正在实验 创造再生能源和城市农场, 并提供他们的技能与发现给其他人, 这说明了我们不见得非得要求政府 提供解决方案。
residents:n.居民;住院医生;房客;(resident的复数) renewable:adj.可再生的;可更新的;可继续的;n.再生性能源; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的; illustrating:图解;
We can start ourselves. 我们可以自己开始。
It's where, for months, one of my neighbors left her front door unlocked in one of the most violent and dangerous cities in America so I could have a shower whenever I needed to go to work, as I didn't yet have one. 在那里,数月来 我一位邻居的前门都没上锁, 在美国最暴力且危险的城市之一, 她不锁门,以让我上工前 能随时去她家淋浴, 因为我家没有。
violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的;
It was when it came time to raise the beam on my own house that holds the structure aloft -- a beam that I cut out of an abandoned recycling factory down the street when not a single wall was left standing -- a dozen residents of Poletown showed up to help lift it, Amish style. 当到了我自己的房子要把支撑结构的 樑柱抬起到高处时, 那樑柱是我从同条街上 没有一面墙壁还立着的废弃 回收工厂取得的── 波尔镇十多名居民协助我抬樑柱,
beam:n.光线; v.发射(电波); aloft:v.在空中; prep.在…之上; adj.在空中的; recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词); Amish:n.孟诺教派;孟诺教派之教徒;adj.孟诺教派的;
Radical neighborliness is a zygote that grows into a worldview that ends up in homes and communities rebuilt in ways that respect humanity and the environment. 积极的睦邻如同一颗 承载着美好价值的受精卵, 它最终会成长为以尊重人性与环境 为重建基础的家园和社区,
zygote:n.受精卵;接合子; worldview:n.世界观; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
It's realizing we have the power to create the world anew together and to do it ourselves when our governments refuse. 我们了解到,我们可以 同心协力创造出新世界, 在政府拒绝的时候, 我们可以自己动手。
anew:重新,再
This is the Detroit that you don't hear much about. 这是各位很少听到的底特律。
The Detroit between the ruin porn on one hand and the hipster coffee shops and billionaires saving the city on the other. 这个底特律,一边是废墟般的场景, 另一边则是时髦咖啡厅 和拯救城市的百万富翁。
ruin:n.废墟;毁坏;灭亡;v.毁灭;使破产; porn:n.淫秽作品;色情书刊(或音像制品等)(等于pornography); on one hand:一方面; billionaires:亿万富翁(billionaire的复数);
There's a third way to rebuild, and it declines to make the same mistakes of the past. 还有第三种重建的方式, 且它避免让我们犯下 和过去相同的错误。
third way:n.第三条道路(介乎两种极端立场之间的行动方案或政策); declines:vi.下降;衰退;拒绝(decline的第三人称单数);
While building my house, 重建我的房子时,
I found something I didn't know I was looking for -- what a lot of millennials and people who are moving back to cities are looking for. 我找到了我不知道我在寻找的东西, 那是许多千禧世代 以及搬回城市的人在寻找的东西。
millennials:n.千禧世代;千禧之子;千禧一代(millennial的复数);
Radical neighborliness is just another word for true community, the kind bound my memory and history, mutual trust and familiarity built over years and irreplaceable . 积极的睦邻其实就是 真正的社区的同义词, 连结着记忆与故事, 相互信任感与熟悉感, 建立在经年累月不可替代的基础上。
bound:n.跳跃:v.跳跃着跑:形成…的边界(或界限)adj.一定会:很可能会: mutual:adj.共同的;相互的,彼此的; familiarity:n.熟悉,精通;亲密;随便; irreplaceable:adj.不能替代的,不能调换的;
And now, as you may have heard, 你们可能有听说过,
Detroit is having a renaissance and pulling itself up from the ashes of despair, and the children and grandchildren of those who fled are returning, which is true. 底特律有项复兴运动, 将它自己从绝望的灰烬当中拉起来, 逃离者的孩子与孙子都回来了, 这是真的。
renaissance:n.文艺复兴(欧洲14至17世纪); fled:v.迅速离开;逃避,逃跑;(flee的过去分词和过去式)
What isn't true is that this renaissance is reaching most Detroiters, or even more than a small fraction of them that don't live in the central areas of the city. 但有件事不是真的:这项复兴 触及了底特律大部分地方, 可以说它其实只触及了底特律 非中心区域一小部分的人们。
fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量;
These are the kind of people that have been in Detroit for generations and are mostly black. 这些人是世世代代住在底特律的人, 大多数是黑人。
In 2016 alone, just last year, 光在 2016 年, 只是去年,
(Voice breaking) one in six houses in Detroit had their water shut off. （抽蓄声）在底特律,六间房子中 就有一间遭到断水。
Excuse me. 抱歉。
The United Nations has called this a violation of human rights. 联合国称之为违反人权。
United Nations:n.联合国; violation:n.违反;妨碍,侵害;违背;强奸;
And since 2005, one in three houses -- think about this, please -- one in every three houses has been foreclosed in the city, representing a population about the size of Buffalo , New York. 从 2005 年起, 三间房子中就有一间── 请想想这一点── 在这个城市中,三间房子 就有一间的赎回权被取消, 这些人数大约等同 纽约水牛城的人口数。
foreclosed:v.取消赎回权;排除…的可能;(foreclose的过去分词和过去式) representing:v.代表;维护…的利益;等于;相当于;(represent的现在分词) Buffalo:n.[畜牧][脊椎]水牛;[脊椎]野牛(产于北美);水陆两用坦克;
(Sniffles) （吸气声）
One in three houses foreclosed is not a crisis of personal responsibility; it is systemic . 三间房子就有一间的赎回权被取消, 这不是个人责任的危机, 是体制的危机。
crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; systemic:adj.系统的;全身的;体系的;
Many Detroiters, myself included, are worried segregation is now returning to the city itself on the coattails of this renaissance. 许多底特律人,包括我自己, 担心种族隔离又会跟随着这波复兴 回到这个城市中。
segregation:n.隔离,分离;种族隔离; coattails:n.男装的上衣背尾;燕尾服的燕尾(coattail的复数形式);(用复数)燕尾提举力;
Ten years ago, it was not possible to go anywhere in Detroit and be in a crowd completely made of white people. 十年前, 在底特律,不论走到任何地方, 都不可能身处在全是白人的人群中。
Now, troublingly, that is possible. 现在却有可能了,这点让人担忧。
This is the price that we're paying for conventional economic resurgence . 这是我们为了传统 经济复苏付出的代价。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; resurgence:n.复活;再现;再起;
We're creating two Detroits, two classes of citizens, cracking the community apart. 我们在创造两个底特律,两种市民, 把社区分裂。
cracking:n.破裂;开裂;adj.裂解的;分裂的;
For all the money and subsidies, for all the streetlights installed , the dollars for new stadiums and slick advertisements and positive buzz , we're shutting off water to tens of thousands of people living right on the Great Lakes, the world's largest source of it. 为了所有的金钱和补助, 街灯的安装费用, 新体育馆、浮誇广告, 以及激励人心的话题, 我们停止供水给 五大湖是世界上最大的水源。
streetlights:n.街灯,路灯; installed:v.安装;设置;使就职(install的过去分词和过去式) stadiums:n.体育馆;露天大型运动场(stadium的复数); slick:adj.光滑的; n.[机]平滑器; v.灵活地; v.使光滑; buzz:n.嗡嗡声; v.发出嗡嗡声;
Separate has always meant unequal . 分离通常都表示不平等。
unequal:adj.不平等的;不规则的;不胜任的;n.不等同的事物;
This is a grave mistake for all of us. 对我们所有人而言,这都是个大错。
grave:adj.重大的;严肃的;黯淡的;n.墓穴,坟墓;死亡;v.雕刻;铭记; mistake for:v.把…错认为;
When economic development comes at the cost of community, it's not just those who have lost their homes or access to water who are harmed, but it breaks little pieces of our own humanity as well. 当经济发展的代价要由社区承担时, 受到伤害的人,不只是失去家园的人 或是被断水的人, 我们自身的人性也会随之被粉碎。
at the cost of:以…为代价;
None of us can truly be free, none of us can truly be comfortable, until our neighbors are, too. 我们没有人能够真正自由, 我们没有人能够真正舒适, 除非我们的邻居也能。
For those of us coming in, it means we must make sure we aren't inadvertently contributing to the destruction of community again, and to follow the lead of those who have been working on these problems for years. 对于我们这些进来的人而言, 那意味着我们要确保 我们不会不小心造成 社区的再次毁灭, 并要追随多年来 一直努力在解决 这些问题的人的领导。
inadvertently:adj.非故意地,无心地; contributing:v.捐献,捐赠(尤指款或物);捐助;增加;增进;(contribute的现在分词) destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁;
In Detroit, that means average citizens deputizing themselves to create water stations and deliveries for those who have lost access to it. 在底特律,那意着一般市民 要成为自己的代理人, 建立供水站以及输水服务 给被断水的人。
deputizing:v.担任代表;充当代理人;(deputize的现在分词) deliveries:n.[贸易]交货(delivery的复数);已交付;
Or clergy and teachers engaging in civil disobedience to block water shutoff trucks. 神职人员及老师 要参与市民违抗行动, 阻挡来断水的卡车。
clergy:n.神职人员;牧师;僧侣; engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词) civil disobedience:n.非暴力反抗;温和抵抗;不合作主义; shutoff:n.停止;遮断;关闭装置;
It's organizations buying back foreclosed homes for their inhabitants or fighting misinformation on forced sales through social media and volunteer-run hotlines . 是组织幫居民把他们 失去赎回权的家买回来, 并透过社交媒体及志工服务热线 对抗强迫让售的错误资讯。
organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; inhabitants:n.居民(inhabitant的复数); misinformation:n.误报;错误的消息; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; hotlines:n.热线电话;(政府首脑间)直接联系(的途径);(hotlines是hotline的复数);
For me, it means helping others to raise the beams on their own formerly abandoned houses, or helping to educate those with privilege , now increasingly moving into cities, how we might come in and support rather than stress existing communities. 对我来说,那意味着协助他人 在他们先前废弃的家园里撑起樑柱, 或协助教育那些有特权的人, 越来越多这类人正在搬到城市, 告诉他们我们该如何 支持既有的社区, 而不是施压于它们。
beams:[建]梁; formerly:adv.以前;原来; privilege:n.特权;优待;v.给与…特权;特免; increasingly:adv.越来越多地;渐增地;
It's chipping in when a small group of neighbors decides to buy back a foreclosed home and return the deeds to the occupants . 当一群邻居决定要买回 一个失去赎回权的家, 并将方屋契约交还给居住者时, 与他们共同出资。
chipping:n.破片;碎屑; deeds:n.行为;行动;(尤指房产)契约,证书;(deed的复数) occupants:n.居住者;购买者;租赁人(occupant的复数);
And for you, for all of us, it means finding a role to play in our own communities. 对你们、我们所有人而言, 那意味着要在我们自己的社区中 找到一个角色来扮演。
It means living your life as a reflection of the world that you want to live in. 那意味着要把你们的生活 转化成你真正喜欢的样子。
reflection:n.反映;沉思;映像;深思;
It means trusting those who know the problems best -- the people who live them -- with solutions. 那意味着信任那些最清楚问题的人── 活在问题中的人── 相信他们能解决。
I know a third way is possible because I have lived it. 我知道有第三种可行的方式, 因为我亲身经历过。
I live it right now in a neighborhood called Poletown in one of the most maligned cities in the world. 我正在经历中, 在叫做波尔镇的小区, 它位在世界上最 恶名昭彰的城市之一。
maligned:vt.诽谤,污蔑;中伤,说坏话;adj.恶意的,恶性的;有害的;
If we can do it in Detroit, you can do it wherever you're from, too. 若我们在底特律能做到, 不论你来自何方,你可以做到。
What I've learned over the last decade, building my house, wasn't so much about wiring or plumbing or carpentry -- although I did learn these things -- is that true change, real change, starts first with community, with a radical sense of what it means to be a neighbor. 在过去十年我所学到的是, 建造我的房子 重点不在于电线、 抽水马桶,或木工── 虽然我的确有学到这些── 重点在于真实的改变、真正的改变, 从社区开始, 带着对于「邻居」 含意的根本理解开始。
carpentry:n.木器;木工手艺;[木]木工业;
It turned at least one abandoned house into a home. 它至少能够将一间 废弃的房子转变成一个家。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）