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DougRoble_2019-_仿真数码人_-
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| Hello. |
大家好。 |
| I'm not a real person. |
我不是一个真人。 |
| I'm actually a copy of a real person. |
我实际上是一个真人的复制版本。 |
| Although, I feel like a real person. |
但我感觉和真人无异。 |
| It's kind of hard to explain. |
这样很难说明白。 |
| Hold on -- I think I saw a real person ...there's one. |
稍等, 我看见了一个真人……在这儿。 |
| Let's bring him onstage . |
欢迎他来到台前。 |
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onstage:adj.台上的;台上演出的;adv.上台;上场;
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| Hello. |
大家好。 |
| What you see up there is a digital human. |
大家刚才看到的是一个数字化的人。 |
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digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键;
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| I'm wearing an inertial motion capture suit that's figuring what my body is doing. |
我穿着一套能够捕获惯性运动的装备, 它能够分析出我身体当前的动作。 |
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inertial:adj.惯性的;不活泼的; motion:n.动作;移动;手势;请求;意向;议案;v.运动;打手势; capture:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;刻画,描述;n.(被)捕获;(被)俘获
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| And I've got a single camera here that's watching my face and feeding some machine-learning software that's taking my expressions , like, "Hm, hm, hm," and transferring it to that guy. |
这里有一个对准我脸的摄像头, 它不断的把我的面部表情 输入进一个机器学习的软件里, 像这样 ,“嗯,嗯,嗯,”, 再把这些表情传输给刚才那个复制品。 |
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machine-learning:机器学习; expressions:表达,表情(expression的复数) transferring:n.[计]转移,传递;v.移动,[计]转移(transfer的现在分词形式);
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| We call him "DigiDoug. |
我们叫他“数码道格”。 |
| '" He's actually a 3-D character that I'm controlling live in real time . |
他实际上是一个三维人物, 而我可以实时控制他。 |
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real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
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| So, I work in visual effects. |
我的工作方向是视觉效果。 |
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visual:adj.视觉的,视力的;栩栩如生的;
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| And in visual effects, one of the hardest things to do is to create believable, digital humans that the audience accepts as real. |
在视觉效果这个领域, 一件最难的事情就是 制造出一个让人信服的, 难辨真假的数字人。 |
| People are just really good at recognizing other people. |
人们通常都很擅长辨认人脸。 |
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recognizing:v.认识;认出;承认;接受,赞成(recognize的现在分词)
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| Go figure! |
那就去辨认吧！ |
| So, that's OK, we like a challenge. |
我们喜欢面对挑战。 |
| Over the last 15 years, we've been putting humans and creatures into film that you accept as real. |
在过去的15年里, 我们一直将人和动物角色 放在电影中, 你会认为它们是真实存在的。 |
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creatures:n.生物;动物;(具有某种特征的)人(creature的复数) accept as:把...视作;
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| If they're happy, you should feel happy. |
你会因他们喜而喜, |
| And if they feel pain, you should empathize with them. |
也会因他们的遭遇而心生同情。 |
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empathize:vt.移情;神会;
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| We're getting pretty good at it, too. |
我们也已经做得很不错了。 |
| But it's really, really difficult. |
但这其实很不简单。 |
| Effects like these take thousands of hours and hundreds of really talented artists. |
达到这样的效果, 得花费成千上万个小时,需要数百个天赋异禀的艺术家。 |
| But things have changed. |
但是,时过境迁。 |
| Over the last five years, computers and graphics cards have gotten seriously fast. |
在过去的五年, 电脑和显卡技术发展迅速。 |
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graphics:n.[测]制图学;制图法;图表算法;
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| And machine learning, deep learning, has happened. |
机器学习和深度学习技术也日趋成熟。 |
| So we asked ourselves: Do you suppose we could create a photo-realistic human, like we're doing for film, but where you're seeing the actual emotions and the details of the person who's controlling the digital human in real time? |
我们开始自问: 通过真人面部表情和细节 控制对应的数码人, 我们是否能够制作出 像我们一直在电影中做的 那样逼真的人物, 但是是实时产生的？ |
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suppose:v.推断:假定:假设:设想: photo-realistic:逼真的; emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数)
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| In fact, that's our goal: If you were having a conversation with DigiDoug one-on-one , is it real enough so that you could tell whether or not I was lying to you? |
事实上,这就是我们的目标: 如果让你和“数码道格” 一对一谈话, 他能够真实到 让你能判断我是否在说谎吗？ |
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one-on-one:adj.一对一的;直接对立的;adv.一对一;面对面;n.一对一的比赛; whether or not:是否…;
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| So that was our goal. |
这就是我们的目标。 |
| About a year and a half ago, we set off to achieve this goal. |
一年半以前,我们设置了这个目标。 |
| What I'm going to do now is take you basically on a little bit of a journey to see exactly what we had to do to get where we are. |
现在就给大家简单展示一下 这一路走来, 为了达到这个目标, 我们做了怎样的努力。 |
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basically:adv.主要地,基本上; a little bit of a:一点点了; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
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| We had to capture an enormous amount of data. |
我们必须获取大量的数据。 |
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enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的;
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| In fact, by the end of this thing, we had probably one of the largest facial data sets on the planet. |
毫不夸张的说,到这个项目结束为止, 有关我脸部的数据集可能是 地球上最大的数据集之一了。 |
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facial:adj.面部的,表面的;脸的,面部用的;n.美容,美颜;脸部按摩;
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| Of my face.Why me? |
为什么选我的脸啊？ |
| Well, I'll do just about anything for science. |
因为,我愿意为科学献身啊。 |
| I mean, look at me! |
看看我这身！ |
| I mean, come on. |
仔细看看。 |
| We had to first figure out what my face actually looked like. |
首先得分析出我的脸长什么样子。 |
| Not just a photograph or a 3-D scan, but what it actually looked like in any photograph, how light interacts with my skin. |
并不仅仅是一张照片或者是三维扫描, 得分析出它在任何镜头之下呈现的真实面貌, 光影如何和我的皮肤互动。 |
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interacts:vi.互动;相互作用(interact的三单形式);交互;
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| Luckily for us, about three blocks away from our Los Angeles studio is this place called ICT. |
幸运的是,在我们位于洛杉矶的 工作室三个街道之外, 有个叫做ICT的地方。 |
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studio:n.工作室;[广播][电视]演播室;画室;电影制片厂;
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| They're a research lab that's associated with the University of Southern California. |
ICT是个研究实验室, 它附属于南加州大学。 |
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associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式)
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| They have a device there, it's called the "light stage. |
它里面有个叫做“光平台”的设备。 |
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device:n.装置;策略;图案;
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| '" It has a zillion individually controlled lights and a whole bunch of cameras. |
这个设备有超级多个单独控制的灯 和很多的摄像头。 |
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zillion:n.庞大的数字;无法计算的大数字;adj.无限数的; individually:adv.个别地,单独地; bunch:n.群;串;突出物;vi.隆起;打褶;形成一串;vt.使成一串;使打褶;
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| And with that, we can reconstruct my face under a myriad of lighting conditions. |
在这个设备的帮助下,我们可以在 很多种不同光影变化中,重建我的面部。 |
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reconstruct:vt.重建;改造;修复;重现; myriad:adj.无数的;种种的;n.无数,极大数量;无数的人或物;
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| We even captured the blood flow and how my face changes when I make expressions. |
我们甚至捕捉到了血液的流通, 以及在我做表情时, 我的面部是如何变化的。 |
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captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词)
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| This let us build a model of my face that, quite frankly, is just amazing. |
说真的,这样制造出的 面部模型真是非常棒。 |
| It's got an unfortunate level of detail, unfortunately . |
虽然它呈现了不该呈现的细节, 太让人难堪了。 |
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unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
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| You can see every pore , every wrinkle . |
你能清晰的看见每个毛孔,每条皱纹。 |
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pore:vi.细想;凝视;熟读;n.气孔;小孔;vt.使注视; wrinkle:n.皱纹;皱褶,皱痕;v.(使脸上)起皱纹;皱起;
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| But we had to have that. |
但是呢,我们必须有这些东西。 |
| Reality is all about detail. |
真实取决于细节。 |
| And without it, you miss it. |
没有细节,你的工作就存在缺陷。 |
| We are far from done, though. |
但是我们的工作远远不止这些。 |
| This let us build a model of my face that looked like me. |
这仅仅是制作了一个 像我面部的模型罢了。 |
| But it didn't really move like me. |
它还不能像我一样动。 |
| And that's where machine learning comes in. |
这时候,就要用到机器学习了。 |
| And machine learning needs a ton of data. |
机器学习需要很多很多的数据。 |
| So I sat down in front of some high-resolution motion-capturing device. |
所以呢,我得坐到一个 高分辨率的动态捕捉仪器前。 |
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high-resolution:n.高分辨率;
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| And also, we did this traditional motion capture with markers . |
我们也使用传统的 动作捕捉方法进行标记。 |
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traditional:传统的,惯例的, markers:n.(表示方位的)标记,记号;标识;表示;记号笔;(marker的复数)
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| We created a whole bunch of images of my face and moving point clouds that represented that shapes of my face. |
我们制作了很多我的面部图片 以及能呈现我面部轮廓的动态点云。 |
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images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) represented:v.代表; (represent的过去式和过去分词)
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| Man, I made a lot of expressions, I said different lines in different emotional states ... |
啊,我做了太多表情了, 在各种不同的心情下 说了许多不同的台词…… |
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emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
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| We had to do a lot of capture with this. |
我们必须把这些都捕捉下来。 |
| Once we had this enormous amount of data, we built and trained deep neural networks. |
一旦我们有了这些巨量的数据, 就可以开始建造和训练深度神经网络了。 |
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neural:adj.神经的;神经系统的;背的;神经中枢的;
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| And when we were finished with that, in 16 milliseconds , the neural network can look at my image and figure out everything about my face. |
当我们做完这些, 在16微秒内, 神经网络就可以根据我的图像,分析出我脸上的所有细节。 |
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milliseconds:n.[计量]毫秒(millisecond的复数形式); neural network:n.神经网络;
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| It can compute my expression, my wrinkles , my blood flow -- even how my eyelashes move. |
它能计算出我的表情, 皱纹,血液流动—— 甚至于我的睫毛是怎么动的。 |
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compute:vt.计算;估算;用计算机计算;vi.计算;估算;推断;n.计算;估计;推断; wrinkles:n.皱纹;皱痕;v.起皱纹;皱起;(使)起皱褶;(wrinkle的第三人称单数和复数) eyelashes:n.睫;睫毛;(eyelash的复数)
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| This is then rendered and displayed up there with all the detail that we captured previously . |
所以之前我们捕捉的细节, 都会被渲染和呈现出来。 |
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rendered:v.使成为;给予;提供;回报;递交;(render的过去分词和过去式) displayed:v.陈列;展出;展示;显露(display的过去分词和过去式) previously:adv.先前;以前;
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| We're far from done. |
但这还远远没完成。 |
| This is very much a work in progress. |
我们还要再接再厉。 |
| This is actually the first time we've shown it outside of our company. |
这是我们第一次在 公司之外展示这一成果。 |
| And, you know, it doesn't look as convincing as we want; |
这还没有达到我们想要的效果; |
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convincing:adj.令人信服的; v.使确信; (convince的现在分词)
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| I've got wires coming out of the back of me, and there's a sixth-of-a-second delay between when we capture the video and we display it up there. |
在我背后还可以看见数据线, 从捕获录影到显示屏展示 这之间还有六分之一秒的延时。 |
| Sixth of a second -- that's crazy good! |
六分之一秒啊,这相当厉害了！ |
| But it's still why you're hearing a bit of an echo and stuff . |
但是你还是会听到一点回音。 |
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echo:vt.反射;重复;vi.随声附和;发出回声;n.回音;效仿; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| And you know, this machine learning stuff is brand-new to us, sometimes it's hard to convince to do the right thing, you know? |
机器学习对我们而言, 是个全新的东西, 有时候很难确保 它做出了正确的判断, |
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brand-new:adj.崭新的;最近获得的; convince:v.使确信;使相信;说服,劝说;
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| It goes a little sideways . |
它有的时候过于夸张。 |
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sideways:adv.往一侧;侧着;侧面朝前;
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| But why did we do this? |
但是为什么我们要这么做呢？ |
| Well, there's two reasons, really. |
实话说,有两个原因。 |
| First of all , it is just crazy cool. |
首先,这真是太酷了。 |
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First of all:adv.首先;
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| How cool is it? |
有多酷呢？ |
| Well, with the push of a button, I can deliver this talk as a completely different character. |
按一下按钮, 我就能以完全不同的 人物形象来做这个演说。 |
| This is Elbor. |
这个是阿波尔。 |
| We put him together to test how this would work with a different appearance . |
我们用他来检测这套系统是如何 用另一副形象来工作的。 |
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appearance:n.外貌;外观;外表;
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| And the cool thing about this technology is that, while I've changed my character, the performance is still all me. |
这个艺术很炫酷的地方就在于, 虽然呈现的形象变了, 但是演说的人仍然是我。 |
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technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演;
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| I tend to talk out of the right side of my mouth; so does Elbor. |
我习惯用偏右边的嘴巴讲话; 阿波尔和我一样。 |
| Now, the second reason we did this, and you can imagine, is this is going to be great for film. |
第二个原因,你也许能想到, 这对电影制作意义非凡。 |
| This is a brand-new, exciting tool for artists and directors and storytellers . |
对于艺术家,导演以及说书者, 它是一个崭新的,令人振奋的工具。 |
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storytellers:n.说故事的人(storyteller的复数);
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| It's pretty obvious , right? |
这很明显,对吧？ |
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obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
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| I mean, this is going to be really neat to have. |
一定会让人爱不释手。 |
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neat:adj.整洁的;整齐的;有序的;有条理的;
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| But also, now that we've built it, it's clear that this is going to go way beyond film. |
现在呢,我们已经实现了, 很明显,它的应用远远不止在电影界。 |
| But wait. Didn't I just change my identity with the push of a button? |
等一下, 我刚才不是按一下按钮 就改变了我的形象和身份吗？ |
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identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
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| Isn't this like "deepfake" and face-swapping that you guys may have heard of? |
这是不是很像我们之前听说过的 “deepfake”和换脸呢？ |
| Well, yeah. |
对。 |
| In fact, we are using some of the same technology that deepfake is using. |
我们其实应用了一些 和deepfake 同样的技术。 |
| Deepfake is 2-D and image based, while ours is full 3-D and way more powerful. |
Deepfake是基于二维和平面图像的, 而我们这个是三维的, 更强大。 |
| But they're very related. |
但二者非常相关。 |
| And now I can hear you thinking, " Darn it! |
我猜你一定在想: “天啊！ |
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Darn:v.织补,缝补;n.织补;
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| I though I could at least trust and believe in video. |
我以为我至少可以信任视频的真实性。 |
| If it was live video, didn't it have to be true? |
实时视频,不应该都是真的吗？ |
| '" Well, we know that's not really the case, right? |
” 可是,我们都知道, 事实不是这样的,对吧？ |
| Even without this, there are simple tricks that you can do with video like how you frame a shot that can make it really misrepresent what's actually going on. |
哪怕没有数码人, 你在视频上运用一下小技巧, 比方说你可以通过布局镜头 去掩盖真正发生的事。 |
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frame:n.框架; v.设计; adj.有木架的; misrepresent:vt.歪曲,误传;不合适地代表;vi.虚伪陈述;歪曲报道;
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| And I've been working in visual effects for a long time, and I've known for a long time that with enough effort, we can fool anyone about anything. |
我在视觉效果研究上花了很长时间, 很久前我们就知道了, 只要做出足够的努力, 在任何事物上, 我们都可以愚弄人。 |
| What this stuff and deepfake is doing is making it easier and more accessible to manipulate video, just like Photoshop did for manipulating images, some time ago. |
Deepfake和我们研发的工具 可以让视频处理更简单,更容易, 就像不久以前用PS工具处理图像一样。 |
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accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的; manipulate:vt.操纵;操作;巧妙地处理;篡改; manipulating:v.(暗中)控制,操纵,影响;正骨;治疗脱臼;(manipulate的现在分词)
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| I prefer to think about how this technology could bring humanity to other technology and bring us all closer together. |
我更倾向于思考 这项技术会怎样让其他技术 变得更加人性化, 让人与人走得更近。 |
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prefer:v.更喜欢;宁愿;提出;提升; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
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| Now that you've seen this, think about the possibilities. |
现在你们也看到了, 想一想各种可能性吧。 |
| Right off the bat , you're going to see it in live events and concerts, like this. |
马上,你就会在演唱会 和直播活动中看到它,就像这样。 |
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Right off the bat:立刻,立即;马上;
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| Digital celebrities , especially with new projection technology, are going to be just like the movies, but alive and in real time. |
特别是随着新的 投影技术的发展,数码化的名人 将会和电影一样, 但是更鲜活,而且是实时的。 |
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celebrities:n.名人;名誉;(celebrity的复数) especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; projection:n.投射;规划;突出;发射;推测;
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| And new forms of communication are coming. |
沟通交流的新形式要来临了。 |
| You can already interact with DigiDoug in VR. |
你已经能够在虚拟现实中 和 数码道格 交流了。 |
| And it is eye-opening . |
这让人大开眼界。 |
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eye-opening:adj.令人瞠目的;使人开眼界的;有启发性的;
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| It's just like you and I are in the same room, even though we may be miles apart. |
就像你和我身处同一个房间一样, 即使你我相隔很远。 |
| Heck , the next time you make a video call, you will be able to choose the version of you you want people to see. |
下次你和别人视频通话的时候, 你就可以选择自己的版本, 选择你想让对方见到的样子。 |
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Heck:n.(英口)同"hell",表示略微烦恼或吃惊;
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| It's like really, really good makeup . |
这就像你化了个很好的妆一样。 |
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makeup:n.化妆品;组成;补充;补考;
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| I was scanned about a year and a half ago. |
我大约一年半以前扫描了我的脸。 |
| I've aged. |
我现在比那会儿老了。 |
| DigiDoug hasn't. |
但是数码道格却没有。 |
| On video calls, I never have to grow old. |
在视频通话中,我一点都不会变老。 |
| And as you can imagine, this is going to be used to give virtual assistants a body and a face. |
你能想象得到,这还可以用来 给虚拟助手提供一个身体和脸。 |
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virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认);
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| A humanity. |
让它更像一个人。 |
| I already love it that when I talk to virtual assistants, they answer back in a soothing , humanlike voice. |
当我与虚拟助手说话时,我喜欢 它们以令人平静的、 与人类相似的声音来回应。 |
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answer back:[通信]应答,回复;顶嘴; soothing:adj.抚慰的;使人宽心的;v.安慰;减轻痛苦;(soothe的现在分词)
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| Now they'll have a face. |
现在他们还将会有一张人类的脸。 |
| And you'll get all the nonverbal cues that make communication so much easier. |
而且你还能看到让沟通 更方便的非语言的线索。 |
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nonverbal:adj.不用语言的;不用动词的; cues:n.开端,线索;提示,关键;球杆;诱因(cue的复数形式);
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| It's going to be really nice. |
效果一定很不错。 |
| You'll be able to tell when a virtual assistant is busy or confused or concerned about something. |
你可以判断出,虚拟助手是太忙了, 还是迷茫、没听懂指令, 亦或是它们在担心什么。 |
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confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式) concerned:adj.有关的;关心的;v.关心;与…有关;(concern的过去时和过去分词)
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| Now, I couldn't leave the stage without you actually being able to see my real face, so you can do some comparison . |
不过,不给你们看看我的真容, 让你们比较一下, 我是不能下台的。 |
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comparison:n.比较;对比;相比;
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| So let me take off my helmet here. |
让我取下头盔。 |
| Yeah, don't worry, it looks way worse than it feels. |
别担心,它只是看起来有点糟糕而已。 |
| So this is where we are. |
就这样了。 |
| Let me put this back on here. |
我再带上头盔。 |
| Doink! |
咚！ |
| So this is where we are. |
这就是我们目前的进展。 |
| We're on the cusp of being able to interact with digital humans that are strikingly real, whether they're being controlled by a person or a machine. |
我们很快就能和数码人互动了, 他们看起来与真人无异, 无论是被机器控制或被真人操控。 |
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cusp:n.尖头;尖端; strikingly:adv.显著地;突出地,引人注目地;
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| And like all new technology these days, it's going to come with some serious and real concerns that we have to deal with. |
和现在所有的新技术一样, 它也会带来一些严峻且真实的顾虑, 这是我们必须去处理的。 |
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concerns:n.关注; v.使关心(concern的三单形式);
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| But I am just so really excited about the ability to bring something that I've seen only in science fiction for my entire life into reality. |
但我真的很期待, 可以有能力把在我有生之年曾经只在 科幻小说中看到的事 变成现实。 |
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science fiction:科幻小说;
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| Communicating with computers will be like talking to a friend. |
和电脑说话,就跟和朋友说话一样。 |
| And talking to faraway friends will be like sitting with them together in the same room. |
和远方的朋友说话 就像坐在同一个房间说话一样。 |
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faraway:adj.遥远的;恍惚的;
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| Thank you very much. |
非常感谢。 |