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DevitaDavison_2017-_都市农業如何转变底特律_
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| I'm from Detroit . |
我來自底特律。 |
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Detroit:n.底特律(美国一座城市);
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| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| A city that in the 1950s was the world's industrial giant , with a population of 1.8 million people and 140 square miles of land and infrastructure , used to support this booming , Midwestern urban center. |
在五○年代,這個城市 是世界上的工業巨人, 有 180 萬人口, 以及 140 平方英哩的 土地和基礎建設, 用來支援這個興旺的 美國中西部都市中心。 |
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industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票; giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的 infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; booming:adj.兴旺的,繁荣的;大受欢迎的;v.兴旺(boom的现在分词);发出隆隆声; Midwestern:adj.中西部的,有中西部特性的; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
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| And now today, just a half a century later, |
而現今, 僅僅半世紀之後, |
| Detroit is the poster child for urban decay . |
底特律成了都市衰退的典型代表。 |
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poster child:n.(为慈善等目的)出现在海报上的儿童;代表人物;典型; decay:v.(使)腐烂;破败;(力量、影响等)衰弱;n.腐烂;腐朽;衰退;
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| Currently in Detroit, our population is under 700,000, of which 84 percent are African American , and due to decades of disinvestment and capital flight from the city into the suburbs , there is a scarcity in Detroit. |
目前,底特律的人口數不到 70 萬, 當中有 84% 是非裔美國人, 因為數十年來的撤資 以及資金外流, 從城市外流到郊區, 在底特律出現了蕭條。 |
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Currently:adv.当前;一般地; African American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); disinvestment:n.减资;停资;撤资; capital flight:资本外逃; suburbs:n.郊外(suburb的复数); scarcity:n.不足;缺乏;
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| There is a scarcity of retail , more specifically , fresh food retail , resulting in a city where 70 percent of Detroiters are obese and overweight , and they struggle. |
零售業出現蕭條, 更明確來說, 是新鮮食物零售出現蕭條, 結果是,有 70% 的底特律人 肥胖或過重, 他們很辛苦。 |
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retail:vt.零售;转述;vi.零售;n.零售;adv.以零售方式;adj.零售的; specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; obese:adj.肥胖的,过胖的; overweight:adj.超重的;过重的;vt.使负担过重;n.超重;
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| They struggle to access nutritious food that they need, that they need to stay healthy, that they need to prevent premature illness and diet-related diseases . |
他們要很辛苦才能找到 他們需要的營養食物, 他們需要這些食物來保持健康, 他們需要這些食物來預防過早 有身體不適及飲食相關的疾病。 |
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nutritious:adj.有营养的,滋养的; premature:adj.早产的;不成熟的;比预期早的;n.早产儿;过早发生的事物; diseases:n.[医]病(disease的复数);[医]疾病;[植保]病害;疾病种类;
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| Far too many Detroiters live closer to a fast food restaurant or to a convenience store , or to a gas station where they have to shop for food than they do a full-service supermarket. |
太多太多底特律人 住的地方靠近速食餐廳、 或便利商店、或加油站, 他們必須在這些地方買食物, 而找不到完整服務的超市。 |
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fast food:adj.供应快餐的;n.快餐食品; convenience store:n.便利商店; gas station:n.(汽车)加油站; full-service:adj.提供全面服务的;n.全方位服务;完全服务;
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| And this is not good news about the city of Detroit, but this is the news and the story that Detroiters intend to change. |
這對底特律而言並不是好消息, 但這是底特律人「打算」 要去改變的 消息和故事。 |
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intend:v.打算;计划;想要;
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| No, I'm going to take that back. |
不,我收回那句話。 |
| This is the story that Detroiters are changing, through urban agriculture and food entrepreneurship . |
這是底特律人「正在」試著改變的故事, 透過都市農業 和食物企業經營來做改變。 |
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entrepreneurship:n.企业家精神;
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| Here's the thing: because of Detroit's recent history, it now finds itself with some very unique assets , open land being one of them. |
重點是這個: 因為底特律近期的歷史, 以致於現在, 它有著一些非常獨特的資產, 其中之一是開放的土地。 |
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unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物; assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;(一项)财物;资产;(asset的名词复数)
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| Experts say that the entire cities of Boston , San Francisco, and the borough of Manhattan will fit in the land area of the city of Detroit. |
專家說,波士頓、舊金山, 和曼哈頓行政區全部相加的面積 還比底特律市的土地面積小。 |
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Boston:n.波士顿(美国城市); borough:n.区;自治的市镇;
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| They further go on to say that 40 square miles of the city is vacant . |
他們進一步說, 該城市有 40 平方英哩的 空間是空著的。 |
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vacant:adj.空虚的;空闲的;茫然的;
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| That's a quarter to a third of the city, and with that level of emptiness , it creates a landscape unlike any other big city. |
那是城市面積的 四分之一到三分之一, 這麼空曠的程度, 創造出來的景色 也和其他大城市很不同。 |
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emptiness:n.空虚;无知; landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
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| So Detroit has this -- open land, fertile soil, proximity to water, willing labor and a desperate demand for healthy, fresh food. |
所以,底特律有這些: 開放土地、肥沃土壤、 離水很近的位置、 勞動的意願、 以及對於新鮮健康食物的高度需求。 |
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fertile:adj.富饶的,肥沃的;能生育的; proximity:n.接近,[数]邻近;接近;接近度,距离;亲近; desperate:adj.不顾一切的;令人绝望的;极度渴望的;
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| All of this has created a people-powered grassroots movement of people in Detroit who are transforming this city from what was the capital of American industry into an agrarian paradise . |
這一切加起來,創造出了 由人民推動的草根運動, 參與者是底特律的人, 他們在把這個城市做轉變, 從過去美國工業的首都, 變成農耕的天堂。 |
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grassroots:adj.基层的;草根的;乡村的;n.草根;基础; transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词) agrarian:adj.土地的;耕地的;有关土地的; paradise:n.天堂;至福境地;
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| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| You know, I think, out of all the cities in the world, |
我認為,在全世界所有的城市中, |
| Detroit, Michigan , is best positioned to serve as the world's urban exemplar of food security and sustainable development . |
在食物安全以及永續發展方面, 密西根的底特律 最適合成為世界的都市典範。 |
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Michigan:n.密歇根;美国密歇根州; exemplar:n.模范,榜样;标本; sustainable development:可持续发展;
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| In Detroit, we have over 1,500, yes, 1,500 gardens and farms located all across the city today. |
現今,在底特律, 有 1500 個,是的, 1500 個花園和農田,遍及全市。 |
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located:adj.位于; v.确定…的准确地点; (locate的过去分词和过去式)
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| And these aren't plots of land where we're just growing tomatoes and carrots either. |
這些也不是只被我們 拿來種植蕃茄和蘿蔔的小塊土地。 |
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plots:n.情节; v.划分;
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| You understand, urban agriculture in Detroit is all about community , because we grow together. |
你們要了解,底特律的 都市農業重點在於社群, 因為我們一起成長。 |
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community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
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| So these spaces are spaces of conviviality . |
所以這些空間是歡快友好的空間。 |
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conviviality:n.欢乐;高兴;宴乐;宴饮交际;
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| These spaces are places where we're building social cohesion as well as providing healthy, fresh food to our friends, our families and our neighbors. |
我們在這些地方建立社會融和, 也把新鮮健康的食物 提供給我們的親朋好友和鄰居。 |
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cohesion:n.凝聚;结合;[力]内聚力; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且;
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| Come walk with me. |
來跟我走一趟。 |
| I want to take you through a few Detroit neighborhoods, and I want you to see what it looks like when you empower local leadership, and when you support grassroots movements |
我想要帶你們走過 幾個底特律的鄰里, 我想要讓你們看看,當你們 將權力賦予地方的領導者、 支持由在低收入社區中有影響力的人 |
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empower:vt.授权,允许;使能够;
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| of folks who are moving the needle in low-income communities and people of color. |
以及有色人種所進行的草根運動時, 情況會是什麼樣子。 |
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needle:n.针;针头;指针;缝针;v.穿过;刺激;拿针缝;拿针穿; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
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| Our first stop, Oakland Avenue Farms. |
我們的第一站,奧克蘭大道農場。 |
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Oakland:n.奥克兰(美国加州西部城市); Avenue:n.途径;(城镇的)大街;林荫道(尤指通往大住宅者);选择;
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| Oakland Avenue Farms is located in Detroit's North End neighborhood . |
奧克蘭大道農場位在 底特律北端的鄰坊中, |
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neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的;
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| Oakland Avenue Farms is transforming into a five-acre landscape combining art, architecture , sustainable ecologies and new market practices. |
奧克蘭大道農場正在 轉變為五英畝的景色, 結合了藝術、建築、永續生態、 以及新的市場做法。 |
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architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构;
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| In the truest sense of the word, this is what agriculture looks like in the city of Detroit. |
在最真實的意義上, 在底特律的農業 看起來就是這個樣子的。 |
| I've had the opportunity to work with Oakland Avenue Farms in hosting Detroit-grown and made farm-to-table dinners. |
我有機會和奧克蘭大道農場合作, 主辦「農場到餐桌」晚餐會, 用底特律種植及製作的食物。 |
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hosting:v.主办,主持;主持;做东;(host的现在分词)
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| These are dinners where we bring folks onto the farm, we give them plenty of time and opportunity to meet and greet and talk to the grower , and then they're taken on a farm tour. |
在這些晚餐會, 我們會帶人們到農場來, 我們給予他們很足夠的時間和機會, 可以會見種植者, 和他們打招呼、聊天, 接著他們會被帶去參觀農場。 |
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grower:n.栽培者;生长物;
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| And then afterwards, they're treated to a farm-to-table meal prepared by a chef who showcases all the produce on the farm right at the peak of its freshness . |
之後,他們能享用 「農場到餐桌」餐點, 餐點由一位主廚來準備, 他會讓農場所有的產物 在最新鮮的時候亮相。 |
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treated:v.以…态度对待;把…看作;(treat的过去分词和过去式) showcases:n.展示的场合; v.使展现; (showcase的第三人称单数和复数) peak:n.高峰; v.达到高峰; adj.最高度的; freshness:n.新;新鲜;精神饱满;
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| We do that. |
我們是那樣做的。 |
| We bring people onto the farm, we have folks sitting around a table, because we want to change people's relationship to food. |
我們把人們帶到農場, 我們讓人們圍著桌子坐下, 因為我們想要改變 人們與食物的關係。 |
| We want them to know exactly where their food comes from that is grown on that farm that's on the plate. |
我們希望他們能清楚 知道食物來自何處, 盤子中的食物, 正是在那個農場中生長的。 |
| My second stop, |
我的第二站, |
| I'm going to take you on the west side of Detroit, to the Brightmoor neighborhood. |
我要帶你們去底特律的西區, 去布萊特摩爾區。 |
| Now, Brightmoor is a lower-income community in Detroit. |
現在,布萊特摩爾是 底特律的低收入區。 |
| There's about 13,000 residents in Brightmoor. |
布萊特摩爾的居民數大約 13000。 |
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residents:n.居民;住院医生;房客;(resident的复数)
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| They decided to take a block-by-block-by-block strategy . |
他們決定採用的策略是 一個街區一個街區來做。 |
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strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;
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| So within the neighborhood of Brightmoor, you'll find a 21-block microneighborhood called Brightmoor Farmway. |
所以,在布萊特摩爾的鄰坊中, 可以找到一個 21 街區的 微鄰坊,叫做布萊特摩爾農道。 |
| Now, what was a notorious , unsafe , underserved community has transformed into a welcoming, beautiful, safe farmway, lush with parks and gardens and farms and greenhouses . |
這裡曾經是個惡名昭彰、不安全、 得不到充分服務的社區, 現在已轉變為一個歡迎人、 漂亮、安全的農道, 裡面滿是公園、花園、 農場,以及溫室。 |
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notorious:adj.声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的; unsafe:adj.不安全的;危险的;不安稳的; underserved:adj.服务不周到的;服务水平低下的; transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式) lush:adj.丰富的,豪华的;苍翠繁茂的;vi.喝酒;n.酒;酒鬼;vt.饮; greenhouses:n.温室(greenhouse的复数);
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| This tight-knit community also came together recently , and they purchased an abandoned building, an abandoned building that was in disrepair and in foreclosure . |
這個緊室接合的社區 也是近期才建起來的, 他們買下了一棟廢棄的建築, 這棟廢棄的建築失修破損, 且喪失抵押品贖回權。 |
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tight-knit:adj.亲密的,紧密的; recently:adv.最近;新近; purchased:v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的过去式和过去分词) abandoned:adj.被抛弃的放纵的;v.抛弃;丢弃,离开;放弃;(abandon的过去分词和过去式) disrepair:n.失修,塌毁;破损; foreclosure:n.丧失抵押品赎回权;
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| And with the help of friends and families and volunteers , they were able to take down the bulletproof glass, they were able to clean up the grounds and they transformed that building into a community kitchen, into a cafe, into a storefront . |
在朋友、家人、志工的協助下, 他們能夠把防彈玻璃拆除, 他們能夠把地板清理乾淨, 他們把那建築轉變成了社區廚房、 咖啡廳,以及店面。 |
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volunteers:n.志愿者; v.自愿做; (volunteer的第三人称单数和复数) bulletproof:adj.防弹的; storefront:n.[贸易]店面;店头;
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| Now the farmers and the food artisans who live in Brightmoor, they have a place where they can make and sell their product. |
現在,住在布萊特摩爾的 農夫以及食物工匠 有個地方可以讓他們製作 和販售他們的產品。 |
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artisans:n.[劳经]工匠;技工(artisan的复数形式);
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| And the people in the community have some place where they can buy healthy, fresh food. |
而社區內的人 也有地方可以購買新鮮健康的食物。 |
| Urban agriculture -- and this is my third example -- can be used as a way to lift up the business cooperative model. |
我的第三個例子是,都市農業 可以被用來當作是振興 這個企業合作模型的方式。 |
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cooperative:adj.合作的;协作的;同心协力的;协助的;n.合作企业;合作社组织;
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| The 1,500 farms and gardens I told you about earlier? |
我先前告訴各位的 1500 個農場和花園？ |
| Keep Growing Detroit is a nonprofit organization that had a lot to do with those farms. |
「持續種植底特律」是個非營利組織, 那些農場和它很有關係。 |
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nonprofit:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体;
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| They distributed last year 70,000 packets of seeds and a quarter of a million transplants , and as a result of that last year, 550,000 pounds of produce was grown in the city of Detroit. |
去年,他們分發了七萬包種子、 25 萬株移植苗木, 而去年的成果是 有 55 萬磅的農產品 是在底特律種植的。 |
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distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式) transplants:v.移植(transplant的第三人称单数);移置;n.移植(transplant的复数); as a result:结果;
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| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| But aside from all of that, they also manage and operate a cooperative. |
但除了這些之外, 他們也想辦法營運了一間合作社。 |
| It's called Grown in Detroit. |
叫做「種於底特律」。 |
| It consists of about 70 farmers, small farmers. |
成員有 70 位農夫, 都是小農夫。 |
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consists:v.由…构成;由…组成(consist的三单形式);
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| They all grow, and they sell together. |
他們都會種植,然後一起販售。 |
| They grow fruits, they grow vegetables, they grow flowers, they grow herbs in healthy soil, free of chemicals , pesticides , fertilizers , genetically modified products -- healthy food. |
他們會種水果, 他們會種蔬菜, 他們會種花, 他們會在健康土壤上種藥草, 沒有化學物質、農藥、肥料、 基因改造產品, 這些都是健康食物。 |
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chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数) pesticides:n.[农药]农药;[农药]杀虫剂(pesticide的复数); fertilizers:n.[肥料]肥料(fertilizer的复数形式);化肥;底肥; genetically modified:adj.(植物等)遗传修饰的;
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| And when their product is sold all over the city of Detroit in local markets, they get a hundred percent of the proceeds from the sale. |
當他們的產品在底特律 全市各處的當地市場中賣掉時, 他們從銷售得到的收益是 100%。 |
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proceeds:v.继续做;行进;前往;(proceed的第三人称单数)
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| In a city like Detroit, where far too many, far too many African Americans are dying as a result of diet-related diseases, restaurants, they have a huge role to play |
在底特律這樣子的城市, 有太多太多非裔美國人的死於 飲食相關疾病, 因此餐廳扮演了很重要的角色, |
| in increasing healthy food access in the city of Detroit, culturally appropriate restaurants. |
來協助增加健康食物 在底特律的可得性, 在文化契合之餐廳中的可得性。 |
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culturally:adv.从文化角度,文化意义上;在人文学方面; appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出;
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| Enter Detroit Vegan Soul. |
這就要談到「底特律 全素靈魂餐廳」了。 |
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Vegan:n.(英)严格的素食主义者;adj.严守素食主义的;
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| Yes, we have a vegan soul food restaurant in the city of Detroit. |
是的,在底特律也有賣傳統食物的素食餐廳了。 |
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soul food:n.美国南方黑人的传统食物;
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| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| Yes, yes. |
是的,是的。 |
| Detroit Vegan Soul is providing Detroiters the opportunity to eat more plant-based meals and they've received an overwhelming response from Detroiters. |
「底特律全素靈魂」讓底特律人有機會 吃到更多素食餐點, 且底特律人對這間餐廳的反應非常棒。 |
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overwhelming:adj.势不可挡的; v.压倒; (overwhelm的现在分词) response:n.响应;反应;回答;
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| Detroiters are hungry for culturally appropriate, fresh, delicious food. |
底特律人很渴望能有文化契合的、 新鮮、好吃的食物。 |
| That's why we built a nonprofit organization called FoodLab Detroit, to help small neighborhood burgeoning food entrepreneurs start and scale healthy food businesses. |
因此我們建立了一個非營利組織, 叫做「底特律食物實驗室」, 來協助鄰坊中正在 快速發展的小型創業家, 開始做健康食物生意並擴展規模。 |
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burgeoning:adj.迅速发展的;v.激增;迅速发展;(burgeon的现在分词) scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
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| FoodLab provides these entrepreneurs incubation , hands-on education, workshops , technical assistance, access to industry experts so that they can grow and scale. |
食物實驗室提供這些創業家籌劃、 實做教育訓練、工作坊、 技術協助,和產業專家接觸的門徑, 讓他們能夠成長和擴展。 |
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incubation:n.孵化;[病毒][医]潜伏;抱蛋; hands-on:adj.亲身实践的,亲自动手的; workshops:n.工作坊,[工业]车间;研习会,讲习班(workshop的复数形式); technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的;
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| They're very small businesses, but last year, they had a combined revenue of over 7.5 million dollars, and they provided 252 jobs. |
他們的企業很小, 但去年,他們加起來的收益 超過 750 萬美金, 且他們提供了 252 個工作機會。 |
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revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署; provided:conj.假如; v.提供; (provide的过去分词和过去式)
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| Listen. |
聽著... |
| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| These are just a few examples on how you expand opportunities so that everybody can participate and prosper , particularly those who come from neighborhoods that have been historically excluded from these types of opportunities. |
這些只是少數的例子, 說明你要如何拓展機會, 讓每個人都可以參與, 一起昌盛, 特別是那些在歷史上 所住區域都沒有這類機會的人。 |
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expand:v.扩张;使膨胀;详述;发展;张开,展开; participate:v.参加;参与; prosper:v.繁荣;成功;发达;兴旺; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; historically:adv.历史上地;从历史观点上说; excluded:v.排除;拒绝;把…除外;驱除;(excluded是exclude的过去分词)
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| I know, I know. |
我知道,我知道。 |
| My city is a long way from succeeding. |
我的城市和成功的距離很遠。 |
| We're still struggling, and I'm not going to stand here on this stage and tell you that all of Detroit's problems and all of Detroit's challenges are going to be solved through urban agriculture. |
我們仍然在掙扎, 我不會站在台上這裡告訴你們 底特律所有的問題和挑戰 都能透過都市農業來解決。 |
| I'm not going to do that, but I will tell you this: urban agriculture has Detroit thinking about its city now in a different way, a city that can be both urban and rural . |
我不會這麼做, 但我會告訴你們這一點: 都市農業讓底特律 現在能夠用不同的方式 來看待這個城市, 這個城市能同時是都市又是郊區。 |
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rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
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| And yes, I know, these stories are small, these stories are neighborhood-based stories, but these stories are powerful. |
是的,我知道, 這些故事都是小故事, 這些故事都是鄰坊的故事, 但這些故事很強大。 |
| They're powerful because I'm showing you how we're creating a new society left vacant in the places and the spaces that was disintegration from the old. |
它們很強大是因為, 我向各位展現出一個新的社會 是如何從一個曾在歷史洪流中 被遺忘瓦解的城市重生而出的。 |
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disintegration:n.瓦解,崩溃;分解;
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| They're powerful stories because they're stories about love, the love that Detroiters have for one another, the love that we have for our community, the love that we have for Mother Earth, but more importantly, these stories are stories on how devastation , despair , decay never ever get the last word in the city of Detroit. |
這些故事強大, 因為它們是關於愛的故事, 底特律人對彼此的愛, 我們對社區的愛, 我們對大地之母的愛, 更重要的是,這些故事 是關於荒廢、絕望、衰落 在底特律市裡永遠不會取得決定權。 |
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devastation:n.毁坏,荒废; despair:v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心;n.绝望; get the last word:强辩到底;
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| When hundreds of thousands of people left Detroit, and they left us for dead, those who stayed had hope. |
當數十萬人離開底特律時, 他們丟下我們等死, 而留下的人抱有希望。 |
| They held on to hope. |
他們緊抓著希望。 |
| They never gave up. |
他們從不放棄。 |
| They always kept fighting. |
他們總是持續奮戰。 |
| And listen, I know, transforming a big city like Detroit to one that is prosperous , one that's functional , one that's healthy, one that's inclusive , one that provides opportunities for all, |
聽著,我知道, 把底特律這麼大的城市 轉變成一個繁榮、 有功能性、健康、包容、 且能提供機會給所有人的城市, |
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prosperous:adj.繁荣的;兴旺的; functional:adj.功能的; inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的;
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| I know it's tough, |
我知道很艱難, |
| I know it's challenging, I know it's hard. |
我知道很有挑戰,我知道很不容易。 |
| But I just believe that if we start strengthening the social fabric of our communities, and if we kickstart economic opportunities in our most vulnerable neighborhoods, it all starts with healthy, accessible , delicious, culturally appropriate food. |
但我就是相信, 如果我們能開始強化社區的社會結構, 如果我們在最脆弱的鄰坊中 推動經濟機會, 這一切都始於健康、可取得、 美味、與文化契合的食物。 |
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fabric:n.织物;布料;(社会,机构等的)结构; kickstart:脚踏起动;脚踏起动器; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的;
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| Thank you very much. |
非常謝謝。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌聲） |
| Thank you. |
謝謝。 |