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DeannaVanBuren_2017W-_没有监狱的世界是什么样子_
A lot of people call me a " justice architect ." 很多人称我为「正义建筑师」
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判; architect:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;
But I don't design prisons. 但我不设计监狱。
I don't design jails . 我不设计监牢。
jails:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;vt.监禁;下狱;
I don't design detention centers, and I don't even design courthouses . 我不设计拘留所, 我甚至不设计法院。
detention:n.拘留;延迟;挽留; courthouses:n.法院;(美)县政府所在地;
All the same , I get a call every week, saying, "OK, but you design better prisons, right? 我仍然每周都会接到一通电话, 说:「好,但你会设计 更好的监牢,对吗？
All the same:仍然:依然:照样:
You know, like those pretty ones they're building in Europe." 就像他们在欧洲建造的 那种漂亮监狱。」
And I always pause. 我总是会停顿。
And I invite them, and I invite you today, to imagine a world without prisons. 我会邀请他们, 今天我也邀请各位, 想像一个没有监狱的世界。
What does that justice feel and look like? 正义感觉起来、 看起来,会是怎样的？
What do we need to build to get there? 我们要建造什么,才能达成它？
I'd like to show you some ideas today of things that we're building. 今天我想展示给各位一些想法, 是我们正在建造的东西。
And I'm going to start with an early prototype . 我要从一个早期的原型开始。
prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态;
This I built when I was five. 这是我五岁时建造的。
I call it "the healing hut ." 我称它为「疗愈小屋」。
healing:n.康复; adj.痊愈中的; v.(使)康复,复原; (heal的现在分词) hut:n.小屋;木屋;[军事]临时营房;[美俚]牢房;v.(使)住临时营房[小屋];
And I built it after I got sent home from school for punching this kid in the face because he called me the N-word. 我被一个孩子称为呆子, 所以我打了他的脸, 学校把我送回家, 之后我就建造了这小屋。
punching:v.拳打;以拳痛击;给…打孔;(punch的现在分词)
OK, he deserved it. 是他活该。
deserved:adj.值得的;该奖[罚]的;v.值得;应得;应受;(deserve的过去分词和过去式)
It happened a lot, though, because my family had desegregated a white community in rural Virginia . 不过,这种事常常发生, 因为我的家庭消除了维吉尼亚郊区 一个白人社区中的种族隔离。
desegregated:vt.使…废止种族隔离;vi.废止种族隔离; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; Virginia:adj.弗吉尼亚州的;
And I was really scared. 而我吓坏了。
I was afraid. 我很害怕。
I was angry. 我很愤怒。
And so I would run into the forest, and I would build these little huts . 我会跑到森林里然后建造这些小屋。
huts:n.小屋;临时营房;vt.使住在小屋中;驻扎;vi.住在小屋中;驻扎;
They were made out of twigs and leaves and blankets I had taken from my mom. 它们的建材是树枝、树叶, 以及我从我妈妈那里拿来的毛毯。
twigs:[植]细枝;
And as the light would stream into my refuge , 当光线从缝细射入我的庇护所,
refuge:n.避难所;庇护;慰藉;庇护者;v.避难;(古)庇护;
I would feel at peace. 我会感到很平和。
Despite my efforts to comfort myself, 尽管我很努力安慰我自己,
Despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱;
I still left my community as soon as I could, and I went to architecture school and then into a professional career designing shopping centers, homes for the wealthy and office buildings, until I stepped into a prison for the first time. 我还是尽快地离开了我的社区, 我去读建筑学校, 接着开始了我的职業生涯, 设计购物中心、 富人的家, 以及办公室大楼, 直到我第一次踏入一间监狱。
as soon as:一…就; architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构; professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员; career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
It was the Chester State Correctional Institution in Pennsylvania . 那是宾州的切斯特州立监狱。
Chester:n.切斯特(美国港口城市);切斯特(英国一城市); Correctional:adj.矫正的;修正的; Institution:n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗; Pennsylvania:n.宾夕法尼亚州(美国州名);
And my friend, she invited me there to work with some of her incarcerated students and teach them about the positive power of design. 我是被我的朋友邀请过去的, 去和她的一些被监禁的学生合作, 教导他们设计的正面力量。
incarcerated:v.监禁;关押;禁闭;(incarcerate的过去式和过去分词) positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
The irony is so obvious , right? 这真的很讽刺,对吧？
irony:n.讽刺;反语;具有讽刺意味的事;adj.铁的;似铁的; obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
As I approached this concrete building, these tiny little windows, barbed wire , high walls, observation towers, and on the inside, these cold, hard spaces, little light or air, the guards are screaming, the doors are clanking , there's a wall of cells filled with so many black and brown bodies. 我接近这座水泥的建筑物, 里面有很小的窗户、 有刺铁丝网、高墙、守望塔, 在内部,那些冰冷、坚硬的空间里, 光线和空气都很少, 守卫叫嚷着,门发出噹啷声, 有一整面墙都是牢房, 里面满是黑色和褐色的身体。
approached:v.走近;临近;探讨;建议;(approach的过去分词和过去式) concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 barbed wire:刺钢丝(用作铁丝网等); observation:n.观察;观测;监视;(尤指据所见、所闻、所读而作的)评论; clanking:v.(使)发出叮当声,发出当啷声;(clank的现在分词)
And I realized that what I was seeing was the end result of our racist policies that had caused mass incarceration . 我了解到,我所看到的景象, 是我们的种族政策造成了 大规模监禁的结果。
end result:n.最终结果; racist:n.种族主义者;种族主义的; policies:n.政策;方针;原则;为人之道;保险单(policy的复数) mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭;
But as an architect, what I was seeing was how a prison is the worst building type we could have created to address the harm that we're doing to one another. 但,身为建筑师,我所看到的是, 就我们创造出来处理人类 对彼此之伤害行为的建筑来说, 监狱真的是最糟的一种。
I thought, "Well, could I design an alternative to this, other than building a prettier prison?" 我心想:「我是否能 为此设计一个替代方案, 而不是建造一间更漂亮的监狱？」
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择;
It didn't feel good to me; it still doesn't feel good. 它那时给我的感觉不好; 现在的感觉仍然不好。
But back then, I just didn't know what to do. 但那时,我不知道该怎么办。
What do we build instead of this? 我们能建立什么来取代它？
And then I heard about restorative justice. 接着我听说了修复式正义。
restorative:n.[药]恢复药,滋补剂;adj.滋补的,有助于复元的;恢复健康的;
I felt at peace again, because here was an alternative system that says when a crime is committed , it is a breach of relationship, that the needs of those who have been harmed must be addressed first; that those who have committed the offense have an obl igation to make amends. 我再次感受到了平和, 因为这是个替代的体制, 它说,当罪刑被犯下时, 它就破坏了关系, 被伤害者的需求 需要先被处理; 而犯下罪刑的人, 有义务要去做补偿。
committed:adj.坚信的; v.做出错事; (commit的过去分词和过去式) breach:n.违背;破坏;辜负;中断;v.违反;违背;在…上打开缺口; addressed:v.写(收信人)姓名地址:致函:演说:演讲:向…说话; (address的过去分词和过去式)
And what they are are really intense dialogues, where all stakeholders come together to find a way to repair the breach. 那些补偿其实是很紧绷的对话, 所有利害关系人齐聚在一起, 找到一种方式来修复这破裂的关系。
intense:adj.强烈的;紧张的;非常的;热情的; stakeholders:n.利益相关者;赌款保存人(stakeholder的复数); repair:v.修理;修补;修缮;补救;n.修理;修补;修缮;
Early data shows that restorative justice builds empathy; that it reduces violent reoffending by up to 75 percent; that it eases PTSD in survivors of the most severe violence . 早期的资料显示, 修复式正义能建立同理心; 能把暴力罪犯再犯的 状况减低 75% 之多; 它能减轻最严重暴力行为的生存者 发生创伤后压力症候群的情况。
violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; reoffending:再次违反(reoffend的变体);再次冒犯(reoffend的变体); PTSD:abbr.创伤后精神紧张性精神障碍(post-traumaticstressdisorder); severe:adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
And because of these reasons, we see prosecutors and judges and district attorneys starting to divert cases out of court and into restorative justice so that some people never touch the system altogether. 因为这些理由, 我们看到公诉人、法官、地方檢察官 开始把案件从法庭导向修复式正义, 这么一来有些人就永远 不会再接触这个体制了。
prosecutors:n.检查官;告发者(prosecutor的复数); attorneys:n.辩护师,律师(attorney的复数形式); divert:v.使转向;使绕道;转移;使分心;娱乐;
And so I thought, "Well, damn -- why aren't we designing for this system?" 所以我心想:「该死, 我们为何不为这体制设计？」
damn:v.谴责;该死;n.诅咒;adj.可恶的;
(Applause) （掌声）
Instead of building prisons, we should be building spaces to amplify restorative justice. 不要建造监狱, 我们应该要建造空间 来放大修复式正义。
amplify:vt.放大,扩大;增强;详述;vi.详述;
And so I started in schools, because suspensions and expulsions have been fueling the pathway to prison for decades. 所以我从学校开始, 因为停学和开除学籍 数十年来都在助长通往监狱之路。
suspensions:n.[化工]悬浮液;悬挂(suspension的复数);[化学]悬浮体; expulsions:n.驱逐;逐出;开除;除名;排出;(expulsion的复数) pathway:n.路,道;途径,路径;
And many school districts -- probably some of your own -- are turning to restorative justice as an alternative. 许多学区,可能各位的包括在内, 把修复式正义转变为一种替代方案。
So, my first project -- I just turned this dirty little storage room into a peacemaking room for a program in a high school in my hometown of Oakland . 所以,我的第一个计画── 我刚把这个骯脏的小储存室 转变为和平创造室, 给一间高中的专案计画使用, 位在我的家乡奥克兰。
storage room:[建]储藏室;行李仓,库房; peacemaking:n.调停;调解;adj.调停的;调解的; Oakland:n.奥克兰(美国加州西部城市);
And after we were done, the director said that the circles she was holding in this space were more powerful in bringing the community together after fighting at school and gun violence in the community, 我们完工之后,主任说, 她在这个空间中所主持的围圈, 在将社区团结上有非常强大的力量, 在学校内奋战,在社区中对抗枪枝;
and that students and teachers started to come here just because they saw it as a space of refuge. 因此,学生和老师开始来到这里, 只因为他们把这个空间 视为是庇护所。
So what was happening is that the space was amplifying the effects of the process . 所以,这个空间放大了过程的效应。
amplifying:adj.放大的; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
OK, then I did something that architects always do, y'all. 接着,我做了建筑师都会做的事。
architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数);
I was like, I'm going to build something massive now, right? 我心想,我接着要建造 让人印象深刻的东西了,
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
I'm going to build the world's first restorative justice center all by myself. 我要靠自己来建造世界上 第一个修复式正义中心。
And it's going to be a beautiful figure on the skyline , like a beacon in the night. 它将会是地平线上一个美丽的形体, 就像夜晚的灯塔。
figure on:指望;打算;料想;把…估计在内; skyline:n.地平线;空中轮廓线;架空索;vt.天空映衬出…的轮廓; beacon:n.灯塔; v.像灯塔般照耀;
Thousands of people will come here instead of going to court. 数以千计的人会来到 这里,而不是去法庭。
I will single-handedly end mass incarceration and win lots of design awards. 我会靠自己一个人的力量 就终结大规模监禁, 还能赢很多设计奖。
single-handedly:独力地;单独地;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And then I checked myself -- 接着我阻止了我自己。
(Laughter) （笑声）
because here's the deal: we are incarcerating more of our citizens per capita than any country in the world. 因为状况是这样的: 我们监禁的人均公民数
incarcerating:vt.监禁;下狱;禁闭;adj.监禁的;禁闭的; per capita:adj.每人的;人均的;
And the fastest-growing population there are black women. 而人数成长最快的是黑人女性。
Ninety-five percent of all these folks are coming home. 这些人当中有 95% 会回家。
And most of them are survivors of severe sexual , physical and emotional abuse . 她们大部分是严重的性、身体, 及情绪暴力下的受害者。
sexual:adj.性的;性别的;有性的; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; abuse:n.滥用;虐待;辱骂;弊端;恶习,陋习;v.滥用;虐待;辱骂;
They have literally been on both sides of the harm. 她们是真的在伤害的两方都待过。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
So I thought, uh, maybe I should ask them what we should build instead of prisons. 所以我心想,也许我应该问问她们, 我们该建造什么来取代监狱。
So I returned with a restorative justice expert, and we started to run the country's first design studios with incarcerated men and women around the intersection of restorative justice and design. 我和一位修复式正义专家一起返回, 我们开始运行全国第一家 设有监禁男女的设计工作室, 围绕在恢复性司法 和设计的交叉点上。
studios:n.工作室(studio的复数); intersection:n.交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点;
And it was transformative for me. 对我来说这是会带来改变的。
transformative:adj.变化的,变形的;有改革能力的;
I saw all these people behind walls in a totally different way. 我以一种完全不同的方式 看待关在围墙后的这些人。
These were souls deeply committed to their personal transformation and being accountable . 这些人深深投入在 他们的个人转变当中, 负起责任。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革; accountable:adj.有责任的;有解释义务的;可解释的;
They were creative , they were visionary . 他们有创意,他们有远见。
creative:adj.创造性的; visionary:adj.梦想的;幻影的;n.空想家;梦想者;有眼力的人;
Danny is one of those souls. 丹尼就是其中一位。
He's been incarcerated at San Quentin for 27 years for taking a life at the age of 21. 他已经被关在圣昆丁 州立监狱 27 年了, 他在 21 岁时杀了人。
From the very beginning, he's been focused on being accountable for that act and doing his best to make amends from behind bars . 打从一开始, 他就一直专注在 要为那行为负起责任, 尽他的全力从狱中做补偿。
behind bars:坐牢;在狱中;在监狱服刑;铁窗之后;
He brought that work into a design for a community center for reconciliation and wellness . 他把那份心力带到了 一个社区中心的设计中, 一个调解及健康中心。
reconciliation:n.和解;调和;和谐;甘愿; wellness:n.健康;
It was a beautiful design, right? 那是个很美的设计,对吧？
So it's this green campus filled with these circular structures for victim and offender dialogue. 这个绿色的校园 充满了这些圆形的结构, 供受害者和犯罪者进行对话。
campus:n.(大学)校园;大学,大学生活;校园内的草地; circular:adj.圆形的; n.(同时送达很多人的)印刷信函(或通知、广告); structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式); victim:n.受害人;牺牲品;牺牲者; offender:n.罪犯;冒犯者;违法者;
And when he presented the project to me, he started crying. 当他把这个计画拿给我看时, 他开始哭泣。
He said, "After being in the brutality of San Quentin for so long, we don't think reconciliation will happen. 他说:「在圣昆丁州立监狱的 暴虐当中待了这么久, 我们不认为调解还有可能发生。
brutality:n.无情;残忍;暴行(需用复数形式);
This design is for a place that fulfills the promise of restorative justice. 这个设计,是要建造一个地方 来实现修复式正义的承诺。
fulfills:v.实现;履行;执行;符合;具备;(fulfill的第三人称单数)
And it feels closer now." 现在它感觉更接近了。」
I know for a fact that just the visualization of spaces for restorative justice and healing are transformative. 我很确定, 光是将修复式正义 及疗愈的空间给视觉化, 就有改变的力量了。
visualization:n.形象化;清楚地呈现在心;
I've seen it in our workshops over and over again . 我在我们的研讨会 一再看到这样的现象。
workshops:n.工作坊,[工业]车间;研习会,讲习班(workshop的复数形式); over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
But I think we know that just visualizing these spaces is not enough. 但我想我们都知道,光是将 这些空间视觉化还不够。
visualizing:v.使形象化;想象;构思;设想;(visualize的现在分词)
We have to build them. 我们得把它们建造出来。
And so I started to look for justice innovators . 所以我开始寻找正义创新者。
innovators:n.创新者;发明家签证;革新消费者(innovator的复数形式);
They are not easy to find. 他们挺不容易找的。
But I found one. 但我找到了一个。
I found the Center for Court Innovation . 我找到了法院创新中心。
Innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
They were bringing Native American peacemaking practices into a non-Native community for the very first time in the United States. 他们要把美国原住民的调停做法 带到非原住民社区中, 这是美国有史以来第一次。
Native American:n.美洲土著居民; non-Native:adj.非本地;非原生;n.外乡人; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
And I approached them, and I said, "OK, well, as you set up your process, could I work with the community to design a peacemaking center?" 我去找他们,我说: 「好,当你们在准备你们的流程时, 我能不能与社区合作, 设计一个调停中心？」
And they said yes. 他们答应了。
Thank God, because I had no backup to these guys. 谢天谢地,因为除了他们, 我没有别的后备计画。
backup:n.后援;增援;(文件等的)备份;adj.后补的;支持性的;伴奏的;
And so, in the Near Westside of Syracuse , New York, we started to run design workshops with the community to both locate and reenvision an old drug house to be a peacemaking center. 所以,在纽约雪城的近西界, 我们开始与社区进行设计研讨会, 找到了一间毒枭的家, 把它重新想像成为一个调停中心。
Syracuse:n.锡拉库扎(意大利西西里岛东部一港市); locate:v.确定…的准确地点;把…安置在(或建造于);创办于(某地);
The Near Westside Peacemaking Project is complete. 西界调停专案计画完成了。
And they are already running over 80 circles a year, with a very interesting outcome , and that it is the space itself that's convincing people to engage in peacemaking for the very first time in their lives. 现在每年已经会进行 超过 80 场围圈坐谈, 结果非常有意思, 是那个空间本身 说服了大家去参与调停, 那也是他们人生中的初体验。
outcome:n.结果,结局;成果; convincing:adj.令人信服的; v.使确信; (convince的现在分词) engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定;
Isabel and her daughter are some of those community members. 伊莎贝尔和她的女儿 都是有参与的社区成员。
And they had been referred to peacemaking to heal their relationship after a history of family abuse, sexual abuse and other issues that they'd been having in their own family and the community. 她们被转介到调停中心, 来疗愈她们的关系, 她们过去曾经历过家暴、 性虐待, 以及其他和自己家庭间 及社区间的问题。
referred:v.提到;引用;认为;指示;涉及;(refer的过去式和过去分词) issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
And, you know, Isabel didn't want to do peacemaking. 伊莎贝尔并不想做调停。
She was like, "This is just like going to court. 她说:「这就像上法庭一样。
What is this peacemaking stuff ?" 这个调停是什么东西？」
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
But when she showed up, she was stressed, she was anxious. 当她出席时, 她很有压力,很焦虑。
But when she got in, she kind of looked around, and she settled in. 但她进来之后,她看了看四周, 她安顿下来了。
settled:adj.稳定的; v.结束; (settle的过去分词和过去式)
And she turned to the coordinator and said, "I feel comfortable here -- at ease. 她转向协调者,说: 我在这里觉得很舒适、很安心。
coordinator:n.协调者;[自]协调器;同等的人或物;
It's homey ." 很像家。」
homey:adj.舒适的;家庭似的;自在的;
Isabel and her daughter made a decision that day to engage and complete the peacemaking process. 伊莎贝尔和她的女儿在那天就决定 要参与并完成调停过程。
And today, their relationship is transformed; they're doing really well and they're healing. 现今,她们的关系已经转变了; 她们的状况很好,她们在疗愈。
So after this project, I didn't go into a thing where I'm going to make a huge peacemaking center. 在这个计画之后, 我没有去建大型的调停中心。
I did want to have peacemaking centers in every community. 我确实希望每个社区 都有一个调停中心。
But then a new idea emerged . 但接着,一个新点子浮现了。
emerged:v.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;暴露;露出真相;显现;(emerge的过去分词和过去式)
I was doing a workshop in Santa Rita Jail in California, and one of our incarcerated designers, Doug, said, "Yeah, you know, repairing the harm, getting back on my feet, healing -- really important. 我在加州的圣利塔监狱办研讨会, 我们有一位被监禁的 设计师叫道格,他说: 「是的,修复伤害、 重新站起来、疗愈── 非常重要。
But the reality is, Deanna, when I get home, 但现实是,狄安娜,当我回家时,
I don't have anywhere to go. 我无处可去。
I have no job -- who's going to hire me? 我没有工作──谁会雇用我？
I'm just going to end up back here." 我最后还是会回来这里。」
And you know what, he's right, because 60 to 75 percent of those returning to their communities will be unemployed a year after their release . 你们知道吗,他说的没错, 因为返回社区的人当中, 有 60%~75% 在出狱后的一年内都找不到工作。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) unemployed:adj.失业的;下岗的;n.(集合词)失业者; release:v.释放;发射;让与;允许发表;n.释放;发布;让与;
We also know, if you can't meet your basic economic needs, you're going to commit crime -- any of us would do that. 我们都知道,如果你的 基本经济需求无法被满足, 你就会犯罪, 每个人都必然如此。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的;
So instead of building prisons, what we could build are spaces for job training and entrepreneurship . 所以,若不要建造监狱, 我们可以建造职業训练 和企業家精神的空间。
entrepreneurship:n.企业家精神;
These are spaces for what we call "restorative economics." 这些空间可以用来做 我们所谓的「修复式经济」。
Located in East Oakland, California, " Restore Oakland" will be the country’s first center for restorative justice and restorative economics. 在加州的东奥克兰, 「恢复奥克兰」将会是全国第一个 修复式正义及修复式经济中心。
Located:adj.位于; v.确定…的准确地点; (locate的过去分词和过去式) Restore:v.恢复;修复;恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原;
(Applause) （掌声）
So here's what we're going to do. 我们打算要做的事如下。
We're going to gut this building and turn it into three things. 我们要改装这栋建筑的内部, 转为三样东西。
gut:n.勇气;肠道;内脏;v.损毁内部;取出…的内脏;adj.非理性的;本能的
First, a restaurant called "Colors," 第一,一间餐厅,叫做「颜色」,
that will break the racial divide in the restaurant industry by training low-wage restaurant workers to get living-wage jobs in fine dining . 它会打破在餐厅产業的族群分裂, 做法是训练低薪餐厅员工 取得好的餐厅工作, 提供的工资足够生活所需。
racial:adj.种族的;人种的; dining:n.吃饭;v.吃饭;进餐;用饭;(dine的现在分词)
It does not matter if you have a criminal record or not. 你是否有前科都无所谓。
On the second floor, we have bright, open, airy spaces to support a constellation of activist organizations to amplify their cry of " Healthcare Not Handcuffs ," 二楼有明亮、开放、通风的空间, 用来支持一系列活动组织, 放大他们「要健康照护,不要手铐」
airy:adj.空气的;通风的;幻想的;轻快的;空中的; constellation:n.[天]星座;星群;荟萃;兴奋丛; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子; organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; Healthcare:n.医疗保健;健康护理,健康服务;卫生保健; Handcuffs:n.手铐;v.用手铐铐住(某人);(handcuff的第三人称单数和复数)
and "Housing as a human right ." 及「供给住房是基本人权」的呼吁。
human right:n.人权;
And third, the county's first dedicated space for restorative justice, filled with nature, color, texture and spaces of refuge to support the dialogues here. 第三,该郡第一个 修复式正义的专用空间, 充满了庇护所的本质、 颜色、结构,及空间, 以支援在这里进行的对谈。
dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式) texture:n.质地;纹理;结构;本质,实质;
This project breaks ground in just two months. 这个计画再两个月就要开工了。
And we have plans to replicate it in Washington D.C., Detroit , New York and New Orleans . 我们打算把它复制到 华盛顿特区、底特律、 纽约、以及纽奥良。
replicate:vt.复制; vi.重复; adj.复制的; n.复制品; Detroit:n.底特律(美国一座城市); Orleans:n.奥尔良(法国城市);
(Applause) （掌声）
So you've seen two things we can build instead of prisons. 所以,各位已经看到了 两种代替监狱的选择。
And look, the price point is better. 而且,价格点更好。
For one jail, we can build 30 restorative justice centers. 一间监狱可以换成 三十间修复式正义中心。
(Applause) （掌声）
That is a better use of your tax dollars. 这也是把税款做更好的运用。
So I want to build all of these. 这些我全部都想建造。
But building buildings is a really heavy lift. 但建造建筑物是非常沉重的工作。
It takes time. 要花时间。
And what was happening in the communities that I was serving is we were losing people every week to gun violence and mass incarceration. 在我服务的那些社区中, 发生的状况是, 每周我们都会因为枪枝暴力 和大规模监禁而失去一些人。
We needed to serve more people and faster and keep them out of the system. 我们得要以更快的速度 服务更多人,让他们远离体制。
And a new idea emerged from the community, one that was a lot lighter on its feet. 社区中浮现了一个新点子, 这个点子比较轻便。
Instead of building prisons, we could build villages on wheels. 取代建造监狱, 我们可以建造有轮子的村子。
It's called the Pop-Up Resource Village, and it brings an entire constellation of resources to isolated communities in the greater San Francisco area, including mobile medical, social services and pop-up shops. 它叫做「快闪式资源村」, 把所有的资源带到 大旧金山地区的孤立社区里, 包括行动医疗、社会服务和快闪店。
resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); isolated:adj.偏远的; v.隔离,孤立,脱离; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的; social services:n.社会福利制度(由当地政府组织,向困难者提供帮助的制度);
And so what we're doing now is we're building this whole village with the community, starting with transforming municipal buses into classrooms on wheels that bring GED and high school education across turf lines. 我们现在做的是, 我们和社区一起建造这整个村子, 先把市立公车转变成有轮子的教室, 把 GED（普通教育开发） 和高中教育带过草坪线。
transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词) municipal:adj.市政的,市的;地方自治的; turf:n.草皮;泥炭;跑马场;v.覆草皮于;
(Applause) （掌声）
We will serve thousands of more students with this. 有了它,我们可以 再多服务数千名学生。
We're creating mobile spaces of refuge for women released from jail in the middle of the night, at their most vulnerable . 我们在创造庇护的行动空间, 给出狱的女性在半夜 在她们最脆弱的时候使用。
released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式) vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
Next summer, the village will launch , and it pops up every single week, expanding to more and more communities as it goes. 明年夏天,村子就会推出, 每周都会快闪出现, 扩及到它所到之处的更多社区。
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; expanding:v.扩大,增加,增强细谈;详述;(expand的现在分词)
So look out for it. 所以,注意找找它。
look out for:当心,提防
(Applause) （掌声）
So what do we build instead of prisons? 所以,若不建造监狱,要建造什么？
We've looked at three things: peacemaking centers, centers for restorative justice and restorative economics and pop-up villages. 我们有三项计画: 调停中心, 修复式正义和修复式经济中心, 以及快闪村。
But I'm telling you, I have a list a mile long. 但让我告诉各位, 我的清单有一哩长。
This is customized housing for youth transitioning out of foster care. 这是为年轻人客制化的住房供应, 从寄养照顾转变而来的。
customized:v.订制,订做,改制;(customize的过去分词和过去式) transitioning:v.经历转变过程;过渡;(transition的现在分词) foster:vt.培养;养育,抚育;抱(希望等);adj.收养的,养育的;
These are reentry centers for women to reunite with their children. 这些是让女性能 和她们的孩子团圆的复归中心。
reentry:n.[航]再入;再进; reunite:v.使重聚;使再结合;使再联合;
These are spaces for survivors of violence. 这些是给暴力受害者的空间。
These are spaces that address the root causes of mass incarceration. 这些空间可以用来处理 大规模监禁的根源成因,
And not a single one of them is a jail or a prison. 没一个是监狱或监牢。
Activist, philosopher , writer Cornel West says that "Justice is what love looks like in public." 身兼激进分子、哲学家, 及作家的康乃尔韦斯特说: 「正义,就是『爱』 在公开场域看起来的样子。」
philosopher:n.哲学家;深思的人;善于思考的人; Cornel:n.山茱萸;
So with this in mind, I ask you one more time to imagine a world without prisons, and join me in creating all the things that we could build instead. 所以,心中想着这一点, 我再次请求各位, 想像一个没有监狱的世界, 加入我,一同创造各种 能取代监狱的东西。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）