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DavidMcCandless_2010G-_数据视觉化的美丽之处_
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| It feels like we're all suffering from information overload or data glut . |
我们好像总是被超负荷的信息 和过多的数据折磨. |
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overload:vt.超载,超过负荷;n.超载;负荷过多; glut:vt.使…充满;使…吃饱;过多供应;vi.吃得过多;n.(商品)供过于求;大量;
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| And the good news is there might be an easy solution to that, and that's using our eyes more. |
好消息是也许我们能有种办法解决这个问题, 那就是更多的用我们的眼睛． |
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solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
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| So, visualizing information, so that we can see the patterns and connections that matter and then designing that information so it makes more sense, or it tells a story, or allows us to focus only on the information that's important. |
把信息视觉化,我们就能看出 其中的规律和联系 然后再设计这些信息,让它更能有意义, 或者让它来说明一个故事, 或者让我们能只关注那些重要的信息． |
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visualizing:v.使形象化;想象;构思;设想;(visualize的现在分词)
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| Failing that, visualized information can just look really cool. |
如果不能做到这一点,至少视觉化的信息看起来特别酷． |
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visualized:adj.直观的;直视的;v.使形象化;想像(visualize的过去式和过去分词);
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| So, let's see. |
让我们来看看． |
| This is the $Billion Dollar o-Gram, and this image arose out of frustration I had with the reporting of billion-dollar amounts in the press. |
这是十亿美元图, 我在看到媒体的十亿美元的报道时 很沮丧, 于是我就画了这幅图． |
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arose:vi.出现(arise的过去式);引发; frustration:n.挫折;
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| That is, they're meaningless without context : 500 billion for this pipeline, 20 billion for this war. |
如果没有文字辅助,它是没意义的． 五千亿用于运输管道的建设 二百亿用于战争． |
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context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
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| It doesn't make any sense, so the only way to understand it is visually and relatively . |
这样并不能说明问题,所以唯一能理解它的方法 就是视觉化,相关化． |
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visually:adv.形象化地;外表上;看得见地; relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地;
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| So I scraped a load of reported figures from various news outlets and then scaled the boxes according to those amounts. |
所以我从不同的信息渠道 收集了很多报道的数据 然后根据数量画出了这些方框． |
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scraped:v.刮掉;削去;擦坏;擦伤;刮坏;(scrape的过去分词和过去式) outlets:n.出路;销售点;排水口;批发商点(outlet的复数形式); scaled:adj.有鳞的; v.刮去鳞片; according to:根据,据说;
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| And the colors here represent the motivation behind the money. |
颜色代表了这部分钱的用途． |
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represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; motivation:n.动机;积极性;推动;
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| So purple is "fighting," |
紫色代表战乱 |
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purple:n.紫色;紫袍;v.变紫;使成紫色;adj.紫色的;华丽的文辞;
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| and red is "giving money away," and green is " profiteering ." |
红色是把钱捐赠出去,绿色代表牟取暴利． |
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profiteering:n.暴利;不正当利益;adj.牟取暴利的;v.获暴利(profiteer的ing形式);
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| And what you can see straight away is you start to have a different relationship to the numbers. |
你能直接看出来的是 你开始和这些数字有了不同的关系． |
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straight away:马上;即刻;
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| You can literally see them. |
你能真正的看见它们了． |
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literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
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| But more importantly, you start to see patterns and connections between numbers that would otherwise be scattered across multiple news reports. |
但更重要的是,你能开始看到 这些数字中的规律和联系了 如果不通过画图,这些信息都将只能散落在不同的新闻报道中． |
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scattered:adj.零散的; v.撒; (scatter的过去分词和过去式) multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数;
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| Let me point out some that I really like. |
让我来讲讲我很喜欢的一个例子． |
| This is OPEC's revenue , this green box here -- 780 billion a year. |
这是石油输出国组织的财政收益,绿色的方格这里 是7800亿每年． |
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revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署;
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| And this little pixel in the corner -- three billion -- that's their climate change fund . |
这个角落里的小像素是三十个亿 这是他们的气候变化基金． |
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pixel:n.象素;图像的基本单位;表示显示在萤幕上的一点; fund:n.基金;资金;存款;v.投资;资助;
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| Americans, incredibly generous people -- over 300 billion a year, donated to charity every year, compared with the amount of foreign aid given by the top 17 industrialized nations at 120 billion. |
美国,这个特别慷慨的国家 每年捐赠多于3000个亿 相比于其它17个工业化最发达的国家 一共对外捐出的 1200亿． |
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incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; generous:adj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的; donated:v.捐赠,赠送;献(血);捐献(器官);(donate的过去分词和过去式) charity:n.慈善;施舍;慈善团体;宽容;施舍物; compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词) industrialized:adj.工业化的;v.使工业化;将…组成产业(industrialize的过去分词);
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| Then of course, the Iraq War, predicted to cost just 60 billion back in 2003. |
当然, 在2003年的预算中 伊拉克战争只要花掉600亿 |
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predicted:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的过去分词和过去式)
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| And it mushroomed slightly . Afghanistan and Iraq mushroomed now to 3,000 billion. |
这项实际的花销比预算稍多了一点, 但阿富汗战争的投入 迅速增加到了3万亿. |
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slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地; Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲);
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| So now it's great because now we have this texture , and we can add numbers to it as well. |
现在就很方便了, 因为我们有了这个结构,我们还能往里面加数字. |
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texture:n.质地;纹理;结构;本质,实质;
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| So we could say, well, a new figure comes out ... let's see African debt . |
我们能说一个新的图形出现了.....让我们来看下非洲的债务. |
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debt:n.债务;借款;罪过;
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| How much of this diagram do you think might be taken up by the debt that Africa owes to the West? |
你们认为在这张图里非洲 欠西方国家的债务能占多大比例呢? |
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owes:v.欠;(把名誉等)归给…;有支付[偿还]义务;(owe的第三人称单数)
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| Let's take a look. |
我们来看一看. |
| So there it is: 227 billion is what Africa owes. |
这就是了. 非洲的债务一共是二千二百七十亿． |
| And the recent financial crisis , how much of this diagram might that figure take up? |
最近的这场金融危机－－ 在这张图里能占多大的比例呢？ |
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financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
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| What has that cost the world? Let's take a look at that. |
这场危机又给世界带来了多大损失呢？让我们来看这里． |
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take a look at:看一看;检查;
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| Dooosh -- Which I think is the appropriate sound effect for that much money: 11,900 billion. |
Doosh(拟声词,相似于＂哇＂),我想应该是配合这么多钱 的恰当的声音效果． 十一万九千个亿． |
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appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出; sound effect:n.音响效果;
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| So, by visualizing this information, we turned it into a landscape that you can explore with your eyes, a kind of map really, a sort of information map. |
所以,通过视觉化这些信息, 我们把它们转化成了一个直观景象 这样你就能只通过眼睛探索, 真的类似于一个地图,一种信息的地图． |
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landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境; explore:v.探索:探测:探险:
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| And when you're lost in information, an information map is kind of useful. |
当你在信息里迷失的时候, 这样的地图是很有帮助的． |
| So I want to show you another landscape now. |
我现在想展示另一番景象． |
| We need to imagine what a landscape of the world's fears might look like. |
我们来想象下世界的恐惧会是 什么样的一番景象． |
| Let's take a look. |
让我们来看一下． |
| This is Mountains Out of Molehills , a timeline of global media panic . |
这是摩尔山之外的一座＂山＂, 是全球医疗恐惧的时间线. |
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Molehills:n.鼠丘(molehill的复数); timeline:n.时间轴,时间线;大事年表; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; panic:adj.恐慌的;n.惊恐;恐慌;惶恐不安;v.惊慌失措;
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| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| So, I'll label this for you in a second . |
我等下会把这些标记出来. |
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label:n.标签;标记;谓;唱片公司;v.贴标签于;用标签标明; in a second:立刻,很快;
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| But the height here, I want to point out, is the intensity of certain fears as reported in the media. |
但我想指出这里的高度 是媒体报道里 人们的恐惧程度． |
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intensity:n.强度;强烈;[电子]亮度;紧张;
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| Let me point them out. |
让我来指出来. |
| So this, swine flu -- pink. |
这里,猪流感,标记成粉色. |
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swine:n.猪;卑贱的人;
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| Bird flu . |
禽流感. |
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Bird flu:n.禽流感(鸟类传染病,可感染人类并导致死亡);
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| SARS -- brownish here. Remember that one? |
非典--棕色一样的颜色.记住这一条. |
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brownish:adj.呈褐色的;
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| The millennium bug , terrible disaster . |
千禧虫-- 可怕的灾难. |
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millennium:n.千年期,千禧年;一千年,千年纪念;太平盛世,黄金时代; bug:n.臭虫,小虫;故障;窃听器;v.烦扰,打扰;装窃听器; disaster:n.灾难,灾祸;不幸;
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| These little green peaks are asteroid collisions . |
这些小的绿色的峰 是对小行星碰撞的恐惧. |
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peaks:n.山顶;峰巅(peak的复数); asteroid:n.[天]小行星;[无脊椎]海盘车;小游星;adj.星状的; collisions:n.[物]碰撞;冲突;撞击(collision的复数形式);
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| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| And in summer, here, killer wasps . |
夏天的时候,这点是对杀人蜂的恐惧. |
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wasps:n.[昆]黄蜂;[昆]胡蜂(wasp的复数形式);马蜂;
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| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| So these are what our fears look like over time in our media. |
所以这就是媒体描述里 我们的恐惧 长的模样 , |
| But what I love -- and I'm a journalist -- and what I love is finding hidden patterns; I love being a data detective . |
但我最喜欢的是--我是个记者-- 我最喜欢的是找出隐藏着的规律. 我喜欢做个数据侦探. |
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journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者; detective:n.侦探;警探;私人侦探;adj.侦查(用)的
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| And there's a very interesting and odd pattern hidden in this data that you can only see when you visualize it. |
而且这些数据里有很有趣又很奇怪的规律 你只能通过视觉化数据才能看出这些规律. |
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odd:adj.古怪的;奇数的;n.奇数;
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| Let me highlight it for you. |
我来强调一下． |
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highlight:vt.突出;强调;使显著;加亮;n.最精彩的部分;最重要的事情;加亮区;
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| See this line, this is a landscape for violent video games. |
看这条线．这是暴力视频游戏的＂景象＂． |
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violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的;
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| As you can see , there's a kind of odd, regular pattern in the data, twin peaks every year. |
正如你能看到的,是个有点奇怪的长方形的样子, 每年都有两个差不多大小的峰． |
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As you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的;
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| If we look closer, we see those peaks occur at the same month every year. |
如果我们仔细看看,我们能看出这些峰 每年出现的时间是一样的． |
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occur:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;
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| Why? |
为什么呢？ |
| Well, November, Christmas video games come out, and there may well be an upsurge in the concern about their content . |
十一月的时候,是圣诞视频游戏发放的日子, 就很可能引起关于其内容的恐慌． |
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upsurge:n.高潮,高涨;vi.涌起,高涨; concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足;
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| But April isn't a particularly massive month for video games. |
但四月对游戏而言 并不是个很特别的月份 |
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particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
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| Why April? |
为什么会是四月呢？ |
| Well, in April 1999 was the Columbine shooting, and since then, that fear has been remembered by the media and echoes through the group mind gradually through the year. |
其实,1999年的四月发生了哥伦拜恩枪击案, 从那以后, 人们总是能通过媒体想起这份恐惧 在这一年里,这份恐惧也总是渐渐环绕在这个群体里． |
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Columbine:adj.鸽的;似鸽的;鸽色的;n.耧斗菜; echoes:n.回声; v.发出回声; gradually:adv.渐渐地;逐步地;
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| You have retrospectives, anniversaries, court cases, even copy-cat shootings, all pushing that fear into the agenda . |
你总会回顾,纪念, 也总有诉讼甚至是只单纯模仿别人的枪击案, 所有这些都能引起人们的恐惧,而体现在这日历里． |
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copy-cat:盲目的模仿者; agenda:n.议事日程;
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| And there's another pattern here as well. Can you spot it? |
而且这里还有另一个规律．你看出来了吗？ |
| See that gap there? There's a gap, and it affects all the other stories. |
看见这个间断了吗？这里有一个间断． 这一点影响了其它所有部分． |
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gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
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| Why is there a gap there? |
为什么这里会有一个间断呢？ |
| You see where it starts? September 2001, when we had something very real to be scared about. |
看到它是从什么时候开始的吗？2001年9月(911发生的时间) 那个月里发了一件真的 很令人恐惧的事情． |
| So, I've been working as a data journalist for about a year, and I keep hearing a phrase all the time, which is this: "Data is the new oil." |
我做数据统计记者已经有一年了, 我总是能听到这样一个说法 说: 数据是新的石油． |
| Data is the kind of ubiquitous resource that we can shape to provide new innovations and new insights , and it's all around us, and it can be mined very easily. |
而且数据是一种无法不在的资源 我们可以用它来开创新的革命和用新眼光来洞察世界, 而且它就在我们身边,很容易被挖掘． |
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ubiquitous:adj.普遍存在的;无所不在的; resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备); innovations:n.创新(innovation的复数);改革; insights:n.洞察力;眼力;深刻见解(insight的复数);
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| It's not a particularly great metaphor in these times, especially if you live around the Gulf of Mexico, but I would, perhaps, adapt this metaphor slightly, and I would say that data is the new soil. |
而且在这个时代这也不是什么很特别的比喻 尤其是如果你生活在墨西哥湾, 但我想,或者可以对这个比喻稍加改动, 我要说数据是新土壤． |
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metaphor:n.暗喻,隐喻;比喻说法; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; Gulf:n.海湾;深渊;分歧;漩涡;vt.吞没; adapt:vt.使适应;改编;vi.适应;
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| Because for me, it feels like a fertile , creative medium . |
因为对我而言,它更像个可以施肥,能创造出东西来的媒体． |
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fertile:adj.富饶的,肥沃的;能生育的; creative:adj.创造性的; medium:n.(传播信息的)媒介;手段;工具;方法;adj.中等的;中号的;
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| Over the years, online, we've laid down a huge amount of information and data, and we irrigate it with networks and connectivity , and it's been worked and tilled by unpaid workers and governments. |
经过这么多年,在网上 我们已经积攒下 巨大数量的信息和数据, 而且我们用网络和连接来浇灌它们, 不收取工资的人们和政府一直在努力耕作这片＂土壤＂． |
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irrigate:vt.灌溉;冲洗;使清新;vi.灌溉;冲洗; connectivity:n.[数]连通性; unpaid:adj.未付款的;[税收]未缴纳的;无报酬的;
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| And, all right, I'm kind of milking the metaphor a little bit. |
好吧,我有点夸大这个比喻了． |
| But it's a really fertile medium, and it feels like visualizations , infographics, data visualizations , they feel like flowers blooming from this medium. |
但它真的是一个可以繁殖的媒体, 它想让被视觉化,把咨询图像化,数据可视化, 它们就像是从土壤里长出的花朵． |
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visualizations:n.[计]可视化(visualization的复数形式);直观化; blooming:adj.盛开的;妙龄的;v.[植]开花;(bloom的现在分词)
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| But if you look at it directly , it's just a lot of numbers and disconnected facts. |
但如果你直接看这些数据, 它们就只是一堆数字和没有关联的事件． |
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directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; disconnected:adj.分离的; v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应); (disconnect的过去式和过去分词)
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| But if you start working with it and playing with it in a certain way, interesting things can appear and different patterns can be revealed . |
但如果你开始分析它们,并用一种方式处理它们, 有趣的事就会发生,不同的规律也会显现出来． |
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revealed:v.揭示;显示;露出;(reveal的过去分词和过去式)
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| Let me show you this. |
让我来展示下这个． |
| Can you guess what this data set is? |
你能猜出这是关于什么的数据吗？ |
| What rises twice a year, once in Easter and then two weeks before Christmas, has a mini peak every Monday, and then flattens out over the summer? |
有什么东西每年要升两次？ 一次在复活节 另一次在圣诞前的两周, 每个周一都有一个小峰 并在夏天的时候一直保持平坦． |
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flattens:vt.击败,摧毁;使…平坦;vi.变平;变单调;
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| I'll take answers. |
我来听听你们的想法． |
| (Audience: Chocolate.) David McCandless: Chocolate. |
(观众:巧克力)．David:巧克力． |
| You might want to get some chocolate in. |
你或许会想加一点巧克力进去． |
| Any other guesses? |
还有别的猜想呢？ |
| (Audience: Shopping.) DM: Shopping. |
(观众:购物)．David:购物． |
| Yeah, retail therapy might help. |
嗯,购物疗法也许会有帮助． |
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retail therapy:n.购物疗法(对花钱买乐这一做法的戏称);
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| (Audience: Sick leave .) |
(观众:病假) |
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Sick leave:n.病假;病假期;
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| DM: Sick leave. Yeah, you'll definitely want to take some time off. |
David:病假．嗯,你一定想休息几天． |
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definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地;
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| Shall we see? |
我们来看答案吧？ |
| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| (Applause) |
(掌声) |
| So, the information guru Lee Byron and myself, we scraped 10,000 status Facebook updates for the phrase " break-up " and "broken-up" |
这里的信息是,Lee Byron和我自己 搜集了一万个Facebook的状态 寻找包括 分手 和 分手了 的字样的更新 |
|
guru:n.古鲁(指印度教等宗教的宗师或领袖);领袖;专家; status:n.地位;状态;情形;重要身份; updates:v.使现代化; n.现代化; (update的第三人称单数和复数) break-up:n.分散;崩裂;
|
| and this is the pattern we found -- people clearing out for Spring Break, |
这就是我们收集的结果-- 人们在春假期间＂清理＂关系． |
| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| coming out of very bad weekends on a Monday, being single over the summer, and then the lowest day of the year, of course: Christmas Day. |
接着的周一从过得很糟的周末中走出来 一个暑假里都保持着单身． 当然一年中分手最少的一天是:圣诞． |
| Who would do that? |
谁会这么做呢？ |
| So there's a titanic amount of data out there now, unprecedented . |
现在外面有极多的数据, 史无前例的多． |
|
titanic:adj.巨大的;强大的;极端重要的;四价钛的; unprecedented:adj.空前的;无前例的;
|
| But if you ask the right kind of question, or you work it in the right kind of way, interesting things can emerge . |
但如果你问正确的问题, 或者你用正确的方式处理它, 有趣的事就会发生． |
|
emerge:v.浮现;显现;暴露;露出真相;
|
| So information is beautiful. Data is beautiful. |
所以信息是漂亮的,数据也是漂亮的． |
| I wonder if I could make my life beautiful. |
我想我能不能把我的生活也弄得很漂亮． |
|
I wonder if:我不知道是否…？;
|
| And here's my visual C.V. |
这是我的视觉化的简历． |
| I'm not quite sure I've succeeded. |
我还不太确定这份简历是不是成功． |
| Pretty blocky , the colors aren't that great. |
有很多的小块,颜色也不是特别的好． |
|
blocky:adj.块状的;短而结实的;浓淡不均匀的;
|
| But I wanted to convey something to you. |
但我想传递些东西给你们． |
|
convey:vt.传达;运输;让与;
|
| I started as a programmer, and then I worked as a writer for many years, about 20 years, in print, online and then in advertising , and only recently have I started designing. |
我从一个程序员开始做起, 之后我做了很多年作家,大约有二十年, 在杂志上,网上之后还有广告中, 只在最近这一段我才开始进行设计． |
|
advertising:n.做广告;广告业;广告活动;v.做广告;(advertise的现在分词) recently:adv.最近;新近;
|
| And I've never been to design school. |
而且我从来没去过设计学校, |
| I've never studied art or anything. |
我从没学校艺术或这类的东西． |
| I just kind of learned through doing. |
我就仅仅是从做的过程中来学． |
| And when I started designing, |
当我开始设计的时候, |
| I discovered an odd thing about myself. |
我发现了关于我自己的一件奇怪的事． |
| I already knew how to design, but it wasn't like I was amazingly brilliant at it, but more like I was sensitive to the ideas of grids and space and alignment and typography . |
我已经知道怎么去设计了, 不是说我奇迹般的对设计特别在行, 而更像是我对关于网格,空间 以及排列和版面设计之类的 特别的敏感． |
|
sensitive:adj.敏感的;感觉的;易受影响的;n.敏感的人;有灵异能力的人; grids:n.[数]网格(grid的复数形式);栅格; alignment:n.队列,成直线;校准;结盟; typography:n.排印;[印刷]活版印刷术;印刷格式;
|
| It's almost like being exposed to all this media over the years had instilled a kind of dormant design literacy in me. |
就好像是暴露在媒体 这么多年之后, 我被潜移默化地注入了设计的能力． |
|
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) instilled:v.逐渐灌输,逐步培养(感受、思想或行为);(instill的过去式和过去分词) dormant:adj.休眠的;静止的;睡眠状态的;隐匿的; literacy:n.读写能力;精通文学;
|
| And I don't feel like I'm unique . |
而且我不觉得自己是唯一一个． |
|
unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
|
| I feel that everyday, all of us now are being blasted by information design. |
我感觉每一天,我们所有人 都对信息设计特别的不满． |
|
blasted:adj.该死的,可恶的; v.炸毁,把…炸成碎片; (blast的过去分词和过去式)
|
| It's being poured into our eyes through the Web, and we're all visualizers now; we're all demanding a visual aspect to our information. |
它们从网上一股脑灌入我们眼里 而且我们都是视觉型的人, 我们都想从视觉的角度 来看我们的信息． |
|
poured:v.使(液体)连续流出;倾倒;倒出;喷发;(pour的过去分词和过去式) aspect:n.方面;层面;外观;方位;
|
| There's something almost quite magical about visual information. |
这就是关于视觉化信息的神奇的地方． |
| It's effortless , it literally pours in. |
不需要努力的,它就自己进来了． |
|
effortless:adj.容易的;不费力气的; pours:v.倾倒;倒出;倾泻;喷发;(pour的第三人称单数)
|
| And if you're navigating a dense information jungle , coming across a beautiful graphic or a lovely data visualization, it's a relief , it's like coming across a clearing in the jungle. |
如果你在密集的信息丛林里搜寻, 突然看到一个漂亮的图画, 或者是一个可爱的视觉化的数据, 那将会是怎样的释然啊！ 就好像是在森林里碰到了开阔的地方． |
|
navigating:v.航行,操纵(navigate的现在分词形式);adj.航行的,航行中; dense:adj.稠密的;浓厚的;愚钝的; jungle:n.密林;尔虞我诈的环境;危险地带; graphic:adj.形象的;图表的;绘画似的; relief:n.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕;
|
| I was curious about this, so it led me to the work of a Danish physicist called Tor Norretranders, and he converted the bandwidth of the senses into computer terms. |
我对这很好奇,所以它引导我 关注一个丹麦的物理学家 名叫Tor Norretranders, 他把感观的带宽转化成了电脑术语． |
|
curious:adj.好奇的,有求知欲的;古怪的;爱挑剔的; Danish:adj.丹麦的;丹麦人的;丹麦语(文)的;n.丹麦语; physicist:n.物理学家;物理学研究者; converted:adj.修改的;改变信仰的;v.转变;改变信仰(convert的过去式和过去分词形式); bandwidth:n.[电子][物]带宽;[通信]频带宽度;
|
| So here we go. This is your senses, pouring into your senses every second. |
过程是这样的．这是你的感观, 周围世界每一秒都往你的感观里注入东西． |
|
pouring:v.倾倒;倾泻;连续流出;倒出;喷发;(pour的现在分词)
|
| Your sense of sight is the fastest. |
你的视觉是最快的． |
| It has the same bandwidth as a computer network. |
它有和电脑网络一样的带宽． |
| Then you have touch, which is about the speed of a USB key. |
你还有触觉,它有和USB接口一样的速度． |
| And then you have hearing and smell, which has the throughput of a hard disk . |
你的听觉和嗅觉, 有和硬盘一样的处理速度． |
|
throughput:n.生产量,生产能力; hard disk:n.硬盘;硬磁盘;
|
| And then you have poor old taste, which is like barely the throughput of a pocket calculator . |
你还有可怜的,古老的味觉, 它仅仅只有口袋计算器那样的工作效率． |
|
barely:adv.仅仅,勉强;几乎不;公开地;贫乏地; calculator:n.计算器;
|
| And that little square in the corner, a naught .7 percent, that's the amount we're actually aware of. |
那角落里小小的正方形,占百分之0.7的比例, 这就是我们真正能感知的部分． |
|
naught:n.[数]零;无价值;adj.无价值的;无用的;
|
| So a lot of your vision -- the bulk of it is visual, and it's pouring in. |
所以你很多的想像－－ 大部分是视觉的,而且它是自己大批进入的． |
|
vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; bulk:n.大部分;主体;(大)体积;大(量);v.扩展;增大;堆积起来;形成大块;
|
| It's unconscious . |
潜意识里进行的． |
|
unconscious:adj.无意识的;失去知觉的;未发觉的;
|
| The eye is exquisitely sensitive to patterns in variations in color, shape and pattern. |
眼睛对颜色变化中的规律, 形状和模式是特别敏感的． |
|
exquisitely:adv.精致地;精巧地;敏锐地; variations:n.变奏曲,变更;[生物]变种(variation的复数形式);
|
| It loves them, and it calls them beautiful. |
如果眼睛喜欢它们,它就把它们叫作漂亮． |
| It's the language of the eye. |
这就是眼睛的语言． |
| If you combine the language of the eye with the language of the mind, which is about words and numbers and concepts, you start speaking two languages simultaneously , each enhancing the other. |
而且你把眼睛的语言和头脑的语言联系在一起, 关于词语,数字和概念这些, 你将能同时讲两种语言, 每一种都能加强另一种． |
|
simultaneously:adv.同时地; enhancing:n.优化,增强;暖色加重效果;v.增强(enhance的现在分词);
|
| So, you have the eye, and then you drop in the concepts. |
所以你有眼睛,然后你想到了概念, |
| And that whole thing -- it's two languages both working at the same time . |
这个过程,其实是两种语言, 它们同时在一起工作． |
|
at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时;
|
| So we can use this new kind of language, if you like, to alter our perspective or change our views. |
所以我们能用这种新的语言,如果你喜欢的话, 来改变我们的视角或者我们的观点． |
|
alter:v.更改;修改(衣服使更合身); perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
|
| Let me ask you a simple question with a really simple answer: |
让我来问一个简单的问题 它有个特别简单的答案． |
| Who has the biggest military budget ? |
谁拥有最多的军队预算？ |
|
military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人; budget:n.预算,预算费;v.安排,预定;把…编入预算;adj.廉价的;
|
| It's got to be America, right? |
这一定是美国,对吧？ |
| Massive. 609 billion in 2008 -- 607, rather. |
非常多的．在2008年有六千零九十亿 六千零七十亿实际上是． |
| So massive, in fact, that it can contain all the other military budgets in the world inside itself. |
这么多,事实上,它包含了 所有其它国家的军队预算在里面． |
|
budgets:n.[财政]预算(budget复数形式);v.为…做预算(budget的第三人称单数形式);
|
| Gobble , gobble, gobble, gobble, gobble. |
格格,格格,格格,格格,格格(火鸡的叫声) |
|
Gobble:vi.贪食;咯咯叫;vt.狼吞虎咽;n.火鸡叫声;
|
| Now, you can see Africa's total debt there and the U.K. budget deficit for reference . |
现在你能拿整个非洲的债务 和英国的预算赤字来比较一下． |
|
deficit:n.赤字;逆差;亏损;不足额; reference:n.参考,提及;参考书目;证明书;v.引用;
|
| So that might well chime with your view that America is a sort of warmongering military machine, out to overpower the world with its huge industrial-military complex . |
这很可能 和你印象中的美国形象一致, 那个好战的,有军队机器, 强大到要用它的巨大的工业军事合成体 来压倒世界的国家． |
|
chime:vi.鸣响;和谐;vt.打钟报时;敲出和谐的声音;n.钟声;一套发谐音的钟;和谐; warmongering:adj.好战者的;n.好战; overpower:vt.压倒;克服;使无法忍受; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
|
| But is it true that America has the biggest military budget? |
但美国真的有最多的军事预算吗？ |
| Because America is an incredibly rich country. |
因为它是个特别富有的国家． |
| In fact, it's so massively rich that it can contain the four other top industrialized nations' economies inside itself, it's so vastly rich. |
事实上,它是这么有富有 它能把四个在它之后的 工业国家的经济收入 全包含在它之内．如此的富有． |
|
massively:adv.大量地;沉重地;庄严地; economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数) vastly:adv.极大地;广大地;深远地;
|
| So its military budget is bound to be enormous . |
它的军队预算是和经济联系在一起的 |
|
is bound to:一定会:必然: enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的;
|
| So, to be fair and to alter our perspective, we have to bring in another data set, and that data set is GDP, or the country's earnings . |
所以,为了公平为了改变我们的视角, 我们得引入另一组数据, 这就是国民生产总值,或者是一个国家的收入． |
|
earnings:n.收益;收入;利润;赢利;
|
| Who has the biggest budget as a proportion of GDP? |
哪个国家的军队预算是占国民生产总值最多的呢？ |
|
proportion:n.比例;部分;份额;均衡;v.摊派;使相称;
|
| Let's have a look. |
让我们来看一看． |
| That changes the picture considerably . |
这把格局改变了很多． |
|
considerably:adv.相当地;非常地;
|
| Other countries pop into view that you, perhaps, weren't considering, and American drops into eighth. |
其它你很可能没想到的国家一下子出现了, 美国跌入了第八位． |
| Now you can also do this with soldiers. |
你也同样可以对士兵进行这样的运算． |
| Who has the most soldiers? It's got to be China. |
哪个国家有最多的士兵？一定是中国． |
| Of course, 2.1 million. |
当然,二百一十万． |
| Again, chiming with your view that China has a militarized regime ready to, you know, mobilize its enormous forces. |
同样的,和你对中国, 那个军事化的政权,准备着 要发挥其强大的武装力量的印象一致． |
|
chiming:n.打钟报时;响声;v.和谐地奏出;钟鸣;协调(chime的ing形式); militarized:adj.军事化的; v.军队化,军国化,鼓吹军国主义(militarize的过去式和过去分词形式); regime:n.政权,政体;社会制度;管理体制; mobilize:v.动员;动员;调动;组织;鼓动;调用;
|
| But of course, China has an enormous population. |
但不可否认,中国有巨大的人口, |
| So if we do the same, we see a radically different picture. |
如果我们做同样的处理, 我们看到一个彻底不同的景象． |
|
radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式;
|
| China drops to 124th. |
中国落到了124位． |
| It actually has a tiny army when you take other data into consideration . |
它其实只有很小的一支部队, 如果你把人口考虑进去的话． |
|
consideration:n.顾及;报酬;斟酌;仔细考虑;
|
| So, absolute figures, like the military budget, in a connected world, don't give you the whole picture. |
所以,绝对的数字,就像是军队预算, 在一个紧密联系的世界里 好像不能给你一个完整的格局． |
| They're not as true as they could be. |
它们并不是它们能达到的最真实的状态． |
| We need relative figures that are connected to other data so that we can see a fuller picture, and then that can lead to us changing our perspective. |
我们需要相对的数据,这些数据和其它数据相联系 我们才能看到一个更全面的世界． 而这一点能改变我们的视角． |
| As Hans Rosling, the master, my master, said, "Let the dataset change your mindset ." |
就像Hans Rosling, 校长 我的校长说的那样, ＂让数据模式改变你的心理模式．＂ |
|
dataset:na.数据集;数传机; mindset:n.心态;倾向;习惯;精神状态;
|
| And if it can do that, maybe it can also change your behavior. |
如果它能做到这一点,也许它能同时改变你的行为． |
| Take a look at this one. |
来看一下这个． |
| I'm a bit of a health nut. |
我有一点健康迷． |
| I love taking supplements and being fit, but I can never understand what's going on in terms of evidence . |
我喜欢吃一些保养品来保持健康 但我从来不能用证据证明这些东西是不是真的有用． |
|
supplements:n.补充品;增补物;[昆]补脉(supplement的复数); evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明;
|
| There's always conflicting evidence. |
总是会有相当矛盾的证据． |
|
conflicting:adj.互相斗争的;相冲突的;v.冲突,抵触;(conflict的现在分词)
|
| Should I take vitamin C? Should I be taking wheatgrass ? |
我是应该吃维他命C？还是吃小麦草素？ |
|
vitamin:n.维生素;维他命; wheatgrass:n.芽草之类;
|
| This is a visualization of all the evidence for nutritional supplements. |
这里把所有这些关于 营养补品的证据都视觉化了． |
|
nutritional:adj.营养的;滋养的;
|
| This kind of diagram is called a balloon race. |
这样的图表叫作热气球竞赛． |
| So the higher up the image, the more evidence there is for each supplement. |
图上越高的地方, 有越多的关于这些补品的证据． |
| And the bubbles correspond to popularity as regards to Google hits. |
这些气泡的大小对应于GOOGLE上这样补品的受欢迎程度． |
|
bubbles:n.泡; v.起泡; (bubble的第三人称单数和复数) correspond:vi.符合,一致;相应;通信; popularity:n.流行;受欢迎;普及 as regards:至于,关于; Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎;
|
| So you can immediately apprehend the relationship between efficacy and popularity, but you can also, if you grade the evidence, do a "worth it" line. |
这样你能马上就领会效力 和受欢迎程度间的关系． 而且同时,如果你把证据分级别的话, 画出一条＂值得＂的线． |
|
apprehend:vt.理解;逮捕;忧虑;vi.理解;担心; efficacy:n.功效,效力;
|
| So supplements above this line are worth investigating , but only for the conditions listed below, and then the supplements below the line are perhaps not worth investigating. |
所以在这条线以上的补品是那些值得投资的, 但只是针对下面列出的这些症状． 对于这条线以下的补品, 就很可能不太值得投资了． |
|
investigating:v.调查;研究;审查;(investigate的现在分词)
|
| Now this image constitutes a huge amount of work. |
这幅图凝结了我们大量的工作． |
|
constitutes:v.被算作;组成;构成;(合法或正式地)成立,设立;(constitute的第三人称单数)
|
| We scraped like 1,000 studies from PubMed, the biomedical database, and we compiled them and graded them all. |
我们挖掘了Pubmed上一千个左右的研究, Pubmed是一个生物医学的数据库, 我们收集了这些研究并把他们分了级别． |
|
biomedical:adj.生物医学的; compiled:adj.编译的;v.编辑(compile的过去分词);
|
| And it was incredibly frustrating for me because I had a book of 250 visualizations to do for my book, and I spent a month doing this, and I only filled two pages. |
这让我相当沮丧 因为我的书需要250个可视化图像 我用了一个月做这幅图, 却只能填充两页纸． |
|
frustrating:adj.令人沮丧的;v.使沮丧;(frustrate的现在分词)
|
| But what it points to is that visualizing information like this is a form of knowledge compression . |
但重点是 像这样把信息视觉化的过程 是把知识压缩的过程． |
|
compression:n.压缩,浓缩;压榨,压迫;
|
| It's a way of squeezing an enormous amount of information and understanding into a small space. |
这是一种从巨大数量的信息 中压榨出精华 并理解的过程． |
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squeezing:v.挤压;捏;榨出,挤出,拧出;(squeeze的现在分词)
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| And once you've curated that data, and once you've cleaned that data, and once it's there, you can do cool stuff like this. |
一旦你整理了这些数据,或者说清理了这些数据, 一旦它在那了 你就能做像这样很酷的事了． |
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curated:v.当馆长(curate的过去分词); stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| So I converted this into an interactive app, so I can now generate this application online -- this is the visualization online -- and I can say, "Yeah, brilliant." |
所以我用这个原理开发出了一个互动的应用程序, 我现在能在网上生成这个程序－－ 并在网上进行视觉化－－ 我能称赞它＂真好,太棒了＂ |
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interactive:adj.合作的;相互影响的;互相配合的;交互式的;n.交互式视频设备; generate:v.产生;引起; application:n.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;
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| So it spawns itself. |
它自动开始工作． |
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spawns:n.[动]卵(spawn的复数);产卵数目;vt.产卵(spawn的第三人称单数);
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| And then I can say, "Well, just show me the stuff that affects heart health." |
然后我就能说＂嗯,给我看下那些 影响心脏健康的东西＂ |
| So let's filter that out. |
它就开始筛选 |
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filter:n.滤波器;过滤器;滤光器;滤声器;v.过滤;渗入;(用程序)筛选;缓行;
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| So heart is filtered out, so I can see if I'm curious about that. |
心脏被选出去了,我对这很好奇． |
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filtered:v.过滤;(用程序)筛选;缓行;(filter的过去分词和过去式)
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| I think, "No, no. I don't want to take any synthetics , |
我想＂不,不,我不想吃任何合成的药品 |
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synthetics:n.人工合成(绝缘)材料;
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| I just want to see plants and -- just show me herbs and plants. I've got all the natural ingredients ." |
我只想用植物－－ 就只显示那些草本和植物．我有所有自然的营养成分．＂ |
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ingredients:n.成分;(尤指烹饪)原料;(成功的)要素;(ingredient的复数)
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| Now this app is spawning itself from the data. |
现在这个程序又开始从数据 里自动生成． |
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spawning:v.播种,产卵;大量生成(spawn的现在分词);n.产卵;增殖;
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| The data is all stored in a Google Doc, and it's literally generating itself from that data. |
所有数据都保存在Google doc里面, 它实际上是在自己利用数据完成视觉化． |
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generating:v.产生;引起;(generate的现在分词)
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| So the data is now alive; this is a living image, and I can update it in a second. |
现在数据变成活的了,它现在是一个动态的图像了, 而且我能一下就完成更新． |
| New evidence comes out. I just change a row on a spreadsheet . |
如果新的证据出现了－－我只需要在表格里改一行． |
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spreadsheet:n.电子制表软件;电子数据表;试算表;
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| Doosh! Again, the image recreates itself. |
哇！又一次的,图像自己重新生成了自己． |
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recreates:vi.娱乐;消遣;vt.再创造;使得到娱乐;消遣;
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| So it's cool. |
这很酷． |
| It's kind of living. |
有点有生命的感觉． |
| But it can go beyond data, and it can go beyond numbers. |
但它其实能比数据走得更远, 而且也不仅仅限于数字． |
| I like to apply information visualization to ideas and concepts. |
我喜欢用信息视觉化 的方法来处理思想和概念． |
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apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求;
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| This is a visualization of the political spectrum , an attempt for me to try and understand how it works and how the ideas percolate down from government into society and culture, |
这是一个对政治观点 视觉化的图像, 是我在试图理解 政治是如果工作的． 理解想法是怎么向下渗透的 从政府开始到社会和文化, |
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spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; attempt:n.企图,试图;攻击;v.企图,试图;尝试; percolate:vi.过滤;渗出;浸透;vt.使渗出;使过滤;n.滤过液;渗出液;
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| into families, into individuals , into their beliefs and back around again in a cycle. |
再传递到家庭,各人以及他们的信念中 而且又如何再反过来影响上层,形成一个循环的． |
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individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
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| What I love about this image is it's made up of concepts, it explores our worldviews and it helps us -- it helps me anyway -- to see what others think, to see where they're coming from. |
关于这幅图我喜欢的是 它是由概念组成的, 它开拓了我们的世界观 并且帮助我们－－至少是帮助我－－ 看清别人是怎么想的, 了解他们的想法是从哪里来的． |
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made up of:由…组成,由…构成; explores:v.探索; (explore的第三人称单数)
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| And it feels just incredibly cool to do that. |
做这件事感觉真是太棒了． |
| What was most exciting for me designing this was that, when I was designing this image, |
最让我兴奋的是 设计 当我在设计这些图的时候, |
| I desperately wanted this side, the left side, to be better than the right side -- being a journalist, a Left-leaning person -- but I couldn't, because I would have created a lopsided , biased diagram. |
我极其希望这一边,左边 能比右边好－－ 作为一个记者,我是个有点左倾的人－－ 但我不能,因为如果这样我全造出一个 不平衡的,带着偏见的图． |
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desperately:adv.拼命地;绝望地;不顾一切地;极度地; Left-leaning:adj.左倾的; lopsided:adj.不平衡的,倾向一方的; biased:adj.有偏见的;结果偏倚的,有偏的;
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| So, in order to really create a full image, |
所以,为了真正的创造一个完整的图, |
| I had to honor the perspectives on the right-hand side and at the same time, uncomfortably recognize how many of those qualities were actually in me, which was very, very annoying and uncomfortable. |
我得尊重右手边的这些观点 同时,有点不太情愿地认识到 我其实也有这其中很多的品质, 对我而言,这是特别特别地讨厌和不舒服的． |
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perspectives:n.[数]透视,远景,看法;构面;观点展示(perspective的复数形式); right-hand:adj.得力的;右手的,用右手的; uncomfortably:adv.不舒适地;不自在地;令人不快地; recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到; annoying:adj.烦人的;使生气的;使烦恼的;v.使生气;打扰;骚扰;(annoy的现在分词)
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| But not too uncomfortable, because there's something unthreatening about seeing a political perspective, versus being told or forced to listen to one. |
但也不是特别不舒服, 因为看到一些政治观点, 总比被告知或者被强迫听着这些观点, 不让人那么有压迫和威胁感． |
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unthreatening:不威胁的; versus:prep.对;与...相对;对抗;
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| You're capable of holding conflicting viewpoints joyously when you can see them. |
事实上,在你看到它们的时候 你能快乐的承受矛盾的观点． |
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capable:adj.能干的,能胜任的;有才华的; viewpoints:观点; joyously:adv.快乐地;
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| It's even fun to engage with them because it's visual. |
甚至和它们打交道是有趣的 因为这是视觉的． |
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engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定;
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| So that's what's exciting to me, seeing how data can change my perspective and change my mind midstream -- beautiful, lovely data. |
这就是它让我着迷的地方, 看数据是如何让我改变观点 并且改变我思维的主流－－ 漂亮的,可爱的数据． |
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midstream:n.中流,河流正中;
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| So, just to wrap up, |
简单总结一下, |
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wrap:v.缠绕;隐藏;掩护;包起来;缠绕;穿外衣;n.外套;围巾;
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| I wanted to say that it feels to me that design is about solving problems and providing elegant solutions, and information design is about solving information problems. |
我想说 我感觉设计其实是在解决问题 并且给出一个精美的解决办法． 信息设计是在 解决信息上的问题． |
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elegant:adj.高雅的,优雅的;讲究的;简炼的;简洁的;
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| It feels like we have a lot of information problems in our society at the moment, from the overload and the saturation to the breakdown of trust and reliability and runaway skepticism and lack of transparency , or even just interestingness . |
现在我们社会里,好像有很多 信息方面的问题, 来自于过多的饱和的数据, 到信任和可靠性的缺失 以及逃避的怀疑和缺乏透明度, 甚至是失去兴趣． |
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saturation:n.饱和;色饱和度;浸透;磁化饱和; breakdown:n.分解;损坏;分类;(关系)破裂;adj.专门修理故障的; reliability:n.可靠性; runaway:adj.逃亡的;逃走的;n.逃跑;逃走的人; skepticism:n.怀疑论;怀疑的态度; transparency:n.透明,透明度;幻灯片;有图案的玻璃; interestingness:兴趣性;
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| I mean, I find information just too interesting. |
我想说,我觉得信息真是特别有趣． |
| It has a magnetic quality that draws me in. |
它有一种磁力吸引着我． |
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magnetic:adj.像磁铁的;有磁性的;磁的;富有吸引力的;
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| So, visualizing information can give us a very quick solution to those kinds of problems. |
所以,视觉化信息 能给我们一种快速的方法来解决这些问题． |
| Even when the information is terrible, the visual can be quite beautiful. |
即使是在信息很糟的情况下, 视觉上仍会很漂亮． |
| Often we can get clarity or the answer to a simple question very quickly, like this one, the recent Icelandic volcano . |
经常地我们能很快的 理清条理,或者找到一个简单问题的答案． 就像这个, 关于冰岛的火山的最近的讨论． |
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clarity:n.清楚,明晰;透明; Icelandic:adj.冰岛的;冰岛人的;冰岛语的;n.冰岛语; volcano:n.火山;
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| Which was emitting the most CO2? |
哪一个喷发出了最多的二氧化碳？ |
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emitting:v.发出,射出,散发(光、热、声音、气等);(emit的现在分词)
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| Was it the planes or the volcano, the grounded planes or the volcano? |
是那些飞机还是火山, 是那些严禁起飞的飞机还是火山？ |
| So we can have a look. |
让我们来看一下． |
| We look at the data and we see: |
看着这些数据 |
| Yep, the volcano emitted 150,000 tons; the grounded planes would have emitted 345,000 if they were in the sky. |
我们发现,火山喷发出了十五万吨; 那些禁止起飞的飞机如果飞着的话 将喷发出三十四万五千吨． |
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emitted:adj.射出的;v.排放(emit的过去分词);发散;
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| So essentially , we had our first carbon-neutral volcano. |
所以实际上,我们有了第一个碳中性的火山． |
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essentially:adv.本质上;本来; carbon-neutral:adj.碳平衡的(指碳排放量减低为零,或通过环保措施抵消排放)
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| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| (Applause) |
(掌声) |
| And that is beautiful. Thank you. |
而且这很漂亮！谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |