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DavidCameron_2010-_政府的下一个时代_
Someone once said that, " politics is," of course, " showbiz for ugly people." 有人曾说过:“政治,”当然地,“是丑陋的人的演艺圈。”
politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数) showbiz:n.娱乐界;娱乐性行业; ugly:adj.丑陋的;邪恶的;令人厌恶的;
So, on that basis, I feel like I've really arrived. 因此,基于此评价,我在这个圈子从政。
The other thing to think of is what an honor it is, as a politician , to give a TED talk, particularly here in the U.K., where the reputation of politics, with the expenses scandal , has sunk so low. 我认为该想到的另一件事是,作为一位政客,来TED演说 是一个多么大的荣誉,尤其是在这里英国, 在这个政客的声誉因为开支丑闻降到如此之低的国家。
politician:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; expenses:n.费用;价钱;开销;开支;花费;(expense的复数) scandal:n.丑闻;流言蜚语;诽谤;公愤;
There was even a story recently that scientists had thought about actually replacing rats in their experiments with politicians . 最近甚至还有一个故事,说科学家已经想到 真正地要用政客来取代实验室的老鼠。
recently:adv.最近;新近; politicians:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩;(politician的复数)
And someone asked,"Why?" 有人问:“为什么？”
and they said, "Well, there's no shortage of politicians. 于是他们回答:“嗯,我们从来不缺政客,
shortage:n.短缺;不足;缺少;
No one really minds what happens to them. 而且没有人真正关心他们身上发生了什么事。
And, after all, there are some things that rats just won't do." 再有,毕竟有一些事情是老鼠完全没法做的。”
(Laughter) （笑声）
Now, I know you all love data, so I'm starting with a data-rich slide. 现在,我知道大家喜欢数据,所以我将以丰富的数据幻灯片开始。
This, I think, is the most important fact to bear in mind in British politics or American politics, and that is, we have run out of money. 我认为,这个是在英国政治或美国政治中 需要铭记的最重要事实。 那就是:我们已经入不敷出了。
bear in mind:vi.记住;考虑到; run out of:用完;
We have vast budget deficits . 我们有大量的预算赤字。
budget:n.预算,预算费;v.安排,预定;把…编入预算;adj.廉价的; deficits:n.[财政]赤字,亏损(deficit的复数形式);
This is my global public debt clock, and, as you can see , it's 32 trillion and counting. 这是我们全球公共债务时钟, 正如你们看到的,32万亿,而且还在不停地计数。
global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; debt:n.债务;借款;罪过; as you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的; trillion:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿;
And I think what this leads to is a very simple recognition . 我认为,这个让我们知道 一个非常简单的共识:
recognition:n.识别;认识;承认;认可;
That there's one question in politics at the moment above all other, and it's this one: How do we make things better without spending more money? 在当前,政治上有一个高于一切的难题 那就是:我们如何能花很少的钱但把事情做得更好？
Because there isn't going to be a lot of money to improve public services or to improve government, or to improve so many of the things that politicians talk about. 因为不会再有大量的钱来改善公共服务 或者用来改善政府,或者用来改善政治家们谈论的 如此之多的事情。
improve:v.改进;改善;
So what follows from that is that if you think it's all about money, you can only measure success in public services in health care and education and policing by spending more money, you can only measure progress by spending money , you're going to have a pretty miserable time. 因此紧接着的后果就是,如果你认为这一切完全是基于钱, 如果你只能通过花费更多的钱来衡量公共服务的成功, 来衡量卫生保健和教育以及警力治安的成功, 如果你只能通过花钱多少来衡量进步的话, 那你将会有一个相当悲惨的时期。
health care:n.卫生保健; spending money:n.零花钱;零用钱; miserable:adj.悲惨的;痛苦的;卑鄙的;
But if you think a whole lot of other things matter, that lead up to well-being , things like your family relationships, friendship, community , values, then, actually, this is an incredibly exciting time to be in politics. 但是如果你想一想其它一大堆重要的、能带来幸福的事情, 比如你的家庭关系,友情,社区,价值观, 那么,实际上,这是一个难以置信地激动人心的政治时刻。
lead up to:导致;作为…的准备; well-being:n.幸福;康乐; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
And the really simple argument I want to make tonight, the really straightforward argument is this, that, if we combine the right political philosophy , the right political thinking, 我今晚想要论证的观点真的很简单, 这个坦诚易懂的观点就是: 如果我们把正确的政治哲学,正确的政治思考
straightforward:adj.简单的;坦率的;明确的;径直的;adv.直截了当地;坦率地; philosophy:n.哲学;哲理;人生观;
with the incredible information revolution that has taken place, and that all of you know so much more about than I do, 和已经发生的不可思议的信息革命结合起来, 而关于这个信息革命大家知道得比我多得多。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
I think there's an incredible opportunity to actually remake politics, remake government, remake public services, and achieve what's up on that slide, which is a big increase in our well-being. 我认为这将会得到一个可以真正改造政治、 改造政府、改造公共服务的难以置信的好机会, 并且如幻灯片上所言使人们福利幸福大幅提升。
remake:n.重做;重制物;vt.再制;
That's the argument I want to make tonight. 这就是我今晚想要论证的观点。
So, starting with the political philosophy. 那么,从政治哲学开始
Now I'm not saying for a minute that British Conservatives have all the answers. 我现在不是说英国保守党就拥有解决问题的方案。
for a minute:一会儿; Conservatives:n.保守党,保守派;
Of course, we don't. 我们当然没有。
but there are two things at heart, that I think drive a conservative philosophy that are really relevant to this whole debate . 但是我认为保守党哲学有两个核心东西, 它们跟今天讨论的真的很有关联。
relevant:adj.相关的;切题的;中肯的;有重大关系的;有意义的,目的明确的; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑;
The first is this, we believe that if you give people more power and control over their lives, if you give people more choice, if you put them in the driving seat, then, actually, you can create a stronger and better society. 第一件:我们相信如果你赋予人民 更多的权利去掌控他们自己的生活, 如果你给予人民更多的选择, 如果你把他们放到驾驶座上,驾驭自己的人生, 那么,事实上,你便能创建一个更强大更美好的社会。
And if you marry this fact with the incredible abundance of information that we have in our world today, 并且,如果你把这个事实和当今世界我们拥有的难以置信的丰富信息 结合起来,
abundance:n.丰度;丰富;大量;富足;
I think you can completely, as I've said, remake politics, remake government, remake your public services. 正如我已经说过的,我认为你可以彻底地 改造政治,改造政府,改造大众公共服务。
The second thing we believe, is we believe going with the grain of human nature . 我们相信的第二件:我们相信应该顺应人类的天性。
grain:n.粮食; v.把…作成细粒; human nature:n.人性;
Politics and politicians will only succeed if they actually try and treat with people as they are, rather than as they would like them to be. 政治和政治家们只有真正地了解人民自己真实的想法来对待人民, 而不是以政治家的想法希望人民要怎样来对待他们, 这才能够成功。
treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣;
Now, if you combine this very simple, very conservative, thought -- go with the grain of human nature -- with all the advances in behavioral economics, some of which we were just hearing about, 现在,如果你把这条非常简单非常保守的思想, 顺应人类的天性 和所有行为经济学的成果 其中的一些我们才刚刚听到的成果结合起来,
behavioral:adj.行为的;
again, I think we can achieve a real increase in well-being, in happiness, in a stronger society without necessarily having to spend a whole lot more money. 再一次地,我认为我们能够真正地提升社会福利大众幸福, 提升快乐,创建一个更强大的社会, 而不需花费一大堆的钱。
necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地;
Now, why do I think now is the moment to make this argument? 为什么我现在提出这种观点呢？
Well, I'm afraid you're going to suffer a short, condensed history lesson about what I would say are the three passages of history, the pre-bureaucratic age, the bureaucratic age, and what we now live in, which I think is a post-bureaucratic age. 嗯,恐怕你们要忍受一小段、浓缩的历史课。 我将要说的是历史上的三个时代, 前官僚时代,官僚时代, 以及我们正生活的时代——我称其为“后官僚时代”。
condensed:adj.压缩的,精简的; v.(由气体)冷凝; (condense的过去式和过去分词) bureaucratic:adj.官僚的;官僚政治的;
A simpler way of thinking of it is that we have gone from a world of local control, then we went to a world of central control, and now we're in a world of people control. 一个简单的方式来思考这段历史: 我们经历了地方掌控的世界, 然后我们进入到中央掌控的世界, 现在我们正处于在人民掌控的世界。
Local power, central power, now, people power. 地方掌权,中央掌权,现在,人民掌权。
Now, here is King Knut, king a thousand years ago. 现在看到的是克努特王,1000年前的国王。
Thought he could turn back the waves. Couldn't turn back the waves. 他以为他能让海浪调头,其实做不到,
turn back:往回走;阻挡;翻回到;
Couldn't actually turn back very much, because if you were king a thousand years ago, while it still took hours and hours and weeks and weeks to traverse your own country, there wasn't much you were in charge of . 好吧,即使他真的做到过,也不是很明显…… 因为如果你是一千年前的国王, 那个时候要花上数周的时间才能横越你的国家, 你能掌控的东西很少。
traverse:n.穿过; vt.穿过; vi.横越; adj.横贯的; in charge of:负责;主管;
You weren't in charge of policing, justice , education, health, welfare . 你不能掌控治安、司法、教育、卫生、福利。
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判; welfare:n.福祉;(政府给予的)福利;
You could just about go to war and that was about it. 你可以发动战争,基本上那是你能做的。
This was the pre-bureaucratic age, an age in which everything had to be local. 这就是前官僚时代 一个所有事情都只能是地方性的时代。
You had to have local control because there was no nationally available information because travel was so restricted . 你只能拥有地方性掌控,因为没有全国性的便利信息, 因为交通是如此的受限。
nationally:adv.全国性地;以国民立场地;举国一致地; restricted:adj.受限制的;保密的;v.限制(restrict的过去式和过去分词);
So this was the pre-bureaucratic age. 这就是前官僚时代。
Next part of the cold history lesson, the lovely picture of the British Industrial Revolution . 现说历史课的下一部分, 英国工业革命的可爱图片。
Industrial Revolution:n.工业革命;
Suddenly, all sorts of transport , travel, information were possible, and this gave birth to, what I like to call, the bureaucratic age. 突然间,所有形式的交通、旅行、信息传递都成为了可能, 这就催生了我所说的“官僚时代”。
transport:n.运输;输送;运送;运输机;v.输送;传播;使产生身临其境的感觉;(旧时)流放;
And hopefully this slide is going to morph beautifully. There we are. 让这张幻灯片变化一下。如图所示,
morph:n.词态;语素;变体;vt.在屏幕上变换图像;改变;
Suddenly, you have the big, strong, central state. 突然间,我们有了大而强的中央政权。
It was able, but only it was able, to organize health care, education, policing, justice. 它能够但是仅仅能组织起 医疗保健,教育,治安和司法。
organize:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;
And it was the world of, as I say, not local power, but now central power. 正如我所说,它不再是地方控权,而是一个中央控权的世界。
It had sucked all that power up from the localities . 它剥夺了当地地区所有的权利。
sucked:v.吸,吮;吸收;吞没;(suck的过去分词和过去式) localities:n.所在;聚居地(locality的复数);
It was able to do that itself. 它自身能够做到这一点。
The next great stage, which all of you are so familiar with, the massive information revolution. 下一个伟大时代,大家都非常熟悉: 规模庞大的信息革命。
familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
Just consider this one fact. 就考虑这一个事实:
100 years ago, sending these 10 words cost 50 dollars. 100年前,发送这10个单词需要花费50美元。
Right now, here we are linked up to Long Beach and everywhere else, and all these secret locations for a fraction of that cost, and we can send and receive huge quantities of information without it costing anything. 就在现在,仅用此费用的一小部分,我们这里就和美国长滩以及其他任何地方, 甚至所有那些秘密的地方都在线联结起来了, 我们可以发送和接收大量的信息 而没有任何花费。
locations:n.地方;地点;位置;定位(location的复数) fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量; quantities:n.数量;数目;大量;大宗;(quantity的复数)
So we're now living in a post-bureaucratic age, where genuine people power is possible. 现在我们生活在一个后官僚时代, 人民可以真正行使权力,这是可能的。
genuine:adj.真实的,真正的;诚恳的;
Now, what does this mean for our politics, for our public services, for our government? 现在,这一切对我们的政治, 对我们的公共服务,对我们的政府意味着什么？
Well I can't, in the time I've got, give huge numbers of examples, but let me just give a few of the ways life can change. 嗯,就我所知的,我不能给出大量的例子, 但让我指出一些生活可以改变的方面。
And this is so obvious , in a way, because you think about how all of you have changed the way we shop, the way we travel, the way that business is done. 这在某种程度上是显而易见的,因为 你想一想我们购物,旅行,经商的方式 已经发生了怎样的改变。
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
That is already happened; the information and internet revolution has actually gone all the way through our societies in so many different ways, but it hasn't in every way, yet touched our government. 这些已经发生了;信息和互联网革命 已经通过如此与众不同的方式贯穿了我们的社会, 但它还没有贯穿所有的方面,尚未触及我们的政府。
So, how could this happen? 那么,这触及我们的政府将如何发生？
Well, I think there are three chief ways that it should make an enormous difference, in transparency , in greater choice, and in accountability , in giving us that genuine people power. 嗯,我认为它应该通过三个主要方面—— 透明度,更多的选择,以及问责制, 这会带来巨大的不同,给人民真正的权力。
enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的; transparency:n.透明,透明度;幻灯片;有图案的玻璃; accountability:n.有义务;有责任;可说明性;
If we take transparency, here is one of my favorite websites, the Missouri Accountability Portal . 如果我们说起透明度,这是我最喜欢的网站之一: 萨里问责制门户。
Missouri:n.密苏里(美国州名); Portal:n.大门,入口;
In the old days, only the government could hold the information, and only a few elected people could try and grab that information and question it and challenge it. 在过去时代,只有政府能持有这些信息, 也仅有少数被当选的人才能得到这些信息, 并且质疑和怀疑这些信息。
grab:v.攫取;霸占;将…深深吸引;n.攫取;霸占;夺取之物;
Now here, on one website, one state in America, every single dollar spent by that government is searchable , is analyzable , is checkable. 现在这里,在一个网站上,美国的一个州, 政府所花的每一分钱 都是可以搜索,可以分析,可以对账的。
searchable:adj.可被搜查的;透过搜查能找到的; analyzable:adj.可分析的;
Think of the huge change that means. 想想这意味着的巨大变化。
Any business that wants to bid for a government contract can see what currently is being spent. 任何想要竞投政府合约的企业 可以看到目前花费的钱用在哪里。
contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约; currently:adv.当前;一般地;
Anyone thinking, I could do that service better, I could deliver it cheaper, it's all available there. 任何人如果想“也许我可以提供更好的服务,我可以价格更低地履行”, 数据全都在那儿摆着。
We have only, in government and in politics, started to scratch the surface of what people are doing in the commercial world with the information revolution. 与人们借助信息革命在商业世界里所做的相比起来, 在政府和政治层面上我们 仅仅才开始触及到其表面而已。
scratch the surface of:浅尝即止; commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告;
So, complete transparency will make a huge difference. 因此,完全的透明度将带来巨大的变化。
In this country, if we win the election, we are going to make all government spending over 25,000 pounds transparent and available online, searchable for anyone to see. 在英国这个国家,如果我们保守党能赢得大选, 我们将让所有超过25,000英镑的政府开支 透明并且可供任何人通过上网搜索而看到。
transparent:adj.透明的;显然的;坦率的;易懂的;
We're going to make every contract, we're announcing this today, available on the internet, so anyone can see what the terms are, what the conditions are, deriving huge value for money, but also huge increases, I believe, in well-being as well. 我们今天在这里宣布,我们将让每一个合同 在网上可查,让任何人都能看到 条约是什么样的,条件是些什么, 从而不仅获得大量的经济收益, 我相信更会得到社会福利的大幅提升。
deriving:得到;源于(derive的现在分词);
Choice. Now you all shop online, compare online, do everything online, and yet this revolution has hardly touched the surface of public services like education, or health care, or policing, and you're going to see this change massively . 说到选择。如今你们都上网购物,在网上比较,通过网络做各种事, 虽然这种革命还几乎没有触及到 公共服务方面,比如教育,或卫生保健,或治安, 但你们将会看到这些方面的大规模改变。
compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较; massively:adv.大量地;沉重地;庄严地;
We should be making this change with the information revolution in our country, with searchable health sites , so you can see what operations work out properly, 我们应该促成这样的改变。 随着我们国家的信息革命, 通过可搜索的医疗网站,你们可以看到何种手术进展顺利,
sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式);
what records doctors have, the cleanliness of hospitals, who does best at infection control, all of the information that would once be locked in the Department of Health, is now available for all of us to see. 医生们的纪录,医院的卫生程度, 谁在感染控制方面做得最好, 所有这些曾经被锁在卫生署内部的信息 现在可供我们所有人查看。
cleanliness:n.清洁; infection:n.感染;传染;(身体某部位的)感染;传染病;
And the third of these big changes, accountability. 第三个巨大的变化,问责制。
This, I think, is a huge change. 我认为,这个是一个巨大的改变。
It is a crime map. This is a crime map from Chicago. 这是一张犯罪地图。只是一张芝加哥的犯罪地图。
So, instead of having a situation where only the police have the information about which crimes are committed where, and we have to employ people in government to try and hold the police to account, 因此,不再单单由警察掌握这些 何类犯罪在何处发生的信息, 不再需要我们政府雇佣人员 去监管警察的责任;
committed:adj.坚信的; v.做出错事; (commit的过去分词和过去式) employ:vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于;n.使用;雇用;
suddenly, we've got this vast opportunity for people power, where we, as citizens, can see what crimes are being committed, where, when and by whom, and we can hold the police to account. 突然间,我们有了巨大的机会去赋予人们权力: 作为公民,我们要是看到有现场犯罪 何时何地以及罪犯是谁, 我们就可以监管警察的职责。
And you can see that this looks a bit like a chef's hat, but actually that's an assault , the one in blue. 大家能看到这个图标,看上去像一个厨师的帽子, 但实际上这个蓝色的图标表示一个人身侵犯案件。
assault:v.袭击;殴打;威胁;非议;(assault的现在分词)
You can see what crime is committed where, and you have the opportunity to hold your police force to account. 你们可以看到何类犯罪在何处发生, 你们就有机会去监管你们的警察所应尽的职责。
police force:n.警察部队;
So those three ways, transparency, accountability, and choice, will make a huge difference. 因此,这三个方面:透明度,问责制以及选择权 将会带来巨大的不同。
Now I also said the other principle that I think we should work on is understanding of people, is recognizing that going with the grain of human nature you can achieve so much more. 今天我还谈到其他的原则: 我认为我们应该致力做到的事,理解人民, 认识到顺应人类的天性, 人民可以做到很多事情。
principle:n.原理,原则;主义,道义;本质,本义;根源,源泉; recognizing:v.认识;认出;承认;接受,赞成(recognize的现在分词)
Now, we're got a huge revolution in understanding of why people behave in the way that they do, and a great opportunity to put that knowledge and information to greater use. 如今,关于理解人们为什么按他们的方式行为, 我们有了一个巨大的革命, 也有了很好的机会把这些知识和信息加以更好的利用。
behave:v.表现;(机器等)运转;举止端正;(事物)起某种作用; in the way:妨碍;挡道;
We're working with some of these people. 我们正在与他们中的一些人合作。
We're being advised by some of these people, as was said, to try and bring all the experience to book. 我们正采用他们中的一些人的建议,正如已经说过的, 来尝试把所有这些经验正规化。
advised:adj.考虑过的; v.劝告; (advise的过去分词和过去式)
Let me just give you one example that I think is incredibly simple, and I love. 让我给你们一个我喜爱的例子,我认为它难以置信的简单。
We want to get people to be more energy efficient . 我们希望人们更加节约能源。
efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
Why? It cuts fuel poverty , it cuts their bills, and it cuts carbon emissions at the same time . 为什么？因为这缓解燃油贫乏,这也减少他们的账单, 同时这还能减少碳排放量。
poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; carbon:n.[化学]碳;碳棒;复写纸;adj.碳的;碳处理的; emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数) at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时;
How do you do it? 怎么实现呢？
Well, we've had government information campaigns over the years when they tell you to switch off the lights when you leave the home. 嗯,我们过去多年来都有政府的宣传运动, 告诉你离开家的时候关掉电灯。
We even had, one government minister once told us to brush our teeth in the dark. 我们甚至有过一位政府部长劝告我们 在黑暗中刷牙。
minister:n.部长;大臣;牧师;vi.执行牧师职务;辅助或伺候某人;
I don't think they lasted very long. 我认为这些都没有维持很长时间。
Look at what this does. This is a simple piece of behavioral economics. 再来看这个行为方法的例子。这是行为经济学的一个简单方法。
The best way to get someone to cut their electricity bill is to show them their own spending, to show them what their neighbors are spending, and then show what an energy conscious neighbor is spending. 让人们削减电费的最好办法 是向他们展示他们自己的开支, 他们邻居的开支, 和有节能意识的邻居的开支。
electricity:n.电力;电流;强烈的紧张情绪; conscious:adj.意识到的;故意的;神志清醒的;
That sort of behavioral economics can transform people's behavior in a way that all the bullying and all the information and all the badgering from a government cannot possibly achieve. 这种行为经济学 能够改变人们的行为方式, 通过一种所有威逼、所有宣传信息 以及所有来自政府的诱使都不能实现的方式。
transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式; bullying:n.仗势欺人者;横行霸道者;v.恐吓;伤害;胁迫;(bully的现在分词) badgering:v.纠缠,烦扰;(badger的现在分词)
Other examples are, recycling . 另一个例子,回收利用。
recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
We all know we need to recycle more. 我们都知道我们需要更多的回收利用。
recycle:v.回收利用;再利用;
How do we make it happen? 我们如何做到这一点？
All the proof from America is, actually, if you pay people to recycle, if you give them a carrot rather than a stick, you can transform their behavior. 美国的所有证据表明,事实上,如果你付钱让人民回收利用就可以做到。 如果你给他们的是胡萝卜而不是大棒, 你就能够改变他们的行为方式。
proof:n.证据;证实;adj.能抵御;可防护;
So what does all this add up to? 那么,所有这些都意味着什么？
Here are my two favorite U.S. speeches of the last 50 years. 过去50年里,这是我最喜欢的两个美国演讲。
Obviously, here we have JFK with that incredibly simple and powerful formulation , "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country," 显而易见地,这有约翰肯尼迪极其简单 但有力的构想: “不要问国家能为你们做些什么,而要问你们能为国家做些什么”
formulation:n.构想,规划;公式化;简洁陈述;
an incredibly noble sentiment . 一个令人难以置信的高尚情操。
noble:adj.高尚的;贵族的;惰性的;宏伟的;n.贵族; sentiment:n.感情,情绪;情操;观点;多愁善感;
But when he made that speech, what could you do to build the stronger, better society? 当他做出这个演讲的时候, 你能为创建更强更好的社会做些什么呢？
You could fight for your country, you could die for your country, you could serve in your country's civil service , but you didn't really have the information and the knowledge and the ability to help build the stronger society in the way that you do now. 你可以为你的国家战斗,你可以为你的国家牺牲, 你可以投身祖国的公共服务, 但是你不像现今人们那样,他们因获得信息,知识以及能力 从而帮助建设更强大社会。
civil service:n.公务员;行政部门;
And I think, an even more wonderful speech, which I'm going to read a big chunk of, which sums up what I said at the beginning about believing there is more to life than money, and more that we should try and measure than money. 我在想,一个更加精彩的演讲, 我将诵读它的一长段, 它总结了我在开始时说过的, 要相信,生活中有比金钱更重要的东西, 比金钱更应该备加珍惜和衡量的东西。
chunk:n.大块;矮胖的人或物; sums:n.算术题;总数;全部;v.归纳;总计;(sum的第三人称单数和复数) at the beginning:首先;从一开始;起初;从头开始;
and it is Robert Kennedy's beautiful description of why gross national product captures so little. 这是罗伯特肯尼迪就为什么国民生产总值汇编的 涵义如此之少,所做的美妙的形容。
description:n.说明;形容;描写(文字);类型; gross national product:na.国民总产值; captures:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;争得;(capture的第三人称单数)
It, "does not allow for the health of our children, the quality of their education, or the joy of their play. 它“没有考虑到我们孩子的健康、 没有考虑到他们受教育的质量或者他们游戏的乐趣。
It does not the beauty of our poetry or the strength of our marriages, the intelligence of our public debate. 它没有包含我们诗歌的美妙、我们婚姻的力量之美, 也没有包含我们公开辩论的智慧。
poetry:n.诗;诗意,诗情;诗歌艺术; intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报;
It measures neither our wit nor our courage, neither our wisdom nor our learning, neither our compassion nor our devotion to our country. 它没有衡量我们的才智和我们的勇气, 也没有衡量我们的智慧和学识, 更没有衡量我们对祖国的赤子之心和奉献。
wit:n.智力;风趣;才思;头脑;v.(wist)[古语]知道; wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问; compassion:n.同情;怜悯; devotion:n.献身,奉献;忠诚;热爱;
It measures everything, in short, except that which makes life worth while." 简单地说,除了那些真正赋予生命意义的东西, 它才意味着一切。”
Again, a sentiment that was so noble and beautifully put 40 years ago, and a beautiful dream 40 years ago, but now with the huge advances in information technology , with the massive changes in behavioral economics, 同样,这个40年前如此高尚和美丽的观点, 在40年前是个美好的梦想, 然而现在,随着信息技术的巨大进步, 随着行为经济学的大力发展,
information technology:n.信息技术;
with all that we know about how you would advance well-being, that if we combine those insights , of giving power to people, and using information to make that possible, 配合着我们所知的让大众提升幸福的所有方法, 如果我们把这些都联系起来, 把权利赋予人民,使人民可以得到便利信息,
insights:n.洞察力;眼力;深刻见解(insight的复数);
and using the insight of going with the grain of human nature, while at the same time, understanding why people behave in the way they do, it is a dream more easy to realize today than it was when it was made in that beautiful speech 40 years ago. 再顺应人类本性的洞察力, 与此同时,理解人们行为方式的原因, 那么40年前那个美丽演说中的梦想 在今天将是一个更容易实现的理想！
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）