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DanielleCitron_2019T-_deepfakes是如何破坏真相，威胁民主的？_-
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| [This talk contains mature content] |
【此演讲包含成人内容】 |
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mature:v.成熟; adj.明白事理的;
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| Rana Ayyub is a journalist in India whose work has exposed government corruption and human rights violations . |
Rana Ayyub 是一位印度记者。 她的工作揭露了政府腐败 和人权侵犯。 |
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journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者; exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) corruption:n.贪污,腐败;堕落; violations:n.违反,妨碍;违规或不雅行为(violation的复数形式);
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| And over the years, she's gotten used to vitriol and controversy around her work. |
这些年来, 她已经习惯了工作中的残酷和争议。 |
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vitriol:n.硫酸,[无化]硫酸盐;尖刻的话;vt.用硫酸处理;用尖刻的话伤害; controversy:n.争论;论战;辩论;
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| But none of it could have prepared her for what she faced in April 2018. |
但这些都不足以让她准备好来 面对2018年4月份的事情。 |
| She was sitting in a café with a friend when she first saw it: a two-minute, 20-second video of her engaged in a sex act. |
当时她和一个朋友坐在 咖啡厅,第一次看见了 她自己出现在一个 2分20秒的性爱视频里。 |
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engaged in:从事于;忙于;
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| And she couldn't believe her eyes. |
她不能相信自己的眼睛。 |
| She had never made a sex video. |
她从来没有拍摄过这样的视频。 |
| But unfortunately , thousands upon thousands of people would believe it was her. |
但是很不幸的是,成千上万的人 选择相信就是她。 |
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unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
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| I interviewed Ms. Ayyub about three months ago, in connection with my book on sexual privacy . |
我在大约三个月前 采访了Ayyub女士, 为了我的关于性隐私的书籍。 |
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interviewed:v.对(某人)进行面试(或面谈); (媒体)采访(interview的过去分词和过去式) in connection with:与…有关;与…相连; sexual:adj.性的;性别的;有性的; privacy:n.隐私;秘密;隐居;隐居处;
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| I'm a law professor, lawyer and civil rights advocate . |
我是一个法律教授, 律师和民权倡导者。 |
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civil rights:na.公民权; advocate:v.拥护;支持;提倡;n.支持者;提倡者;辩护律师;出庭辩护人;
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| So it's incredibly frustrating knowing that right now, law could do very little to help her. |
所以我非常沮丧,因为我知道 现在的法律几乎帮不到她。 |
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incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; frustrating:adj.令人沮丧的;v.使沮丧;(frustrate的现在分词)
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| And as we talked, she explained that she should have seen the fake sex video coming. |
当我们在谈话的时候, 她解释道她应该更早意识到 虚假性爱视频的到来。 |
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fake:n.假货;骗子;假动作;v.捏造;假装…的样子;adj.伪造的;
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| She said, "After all, sex is so often used to demean and to shame women, especially minority women, and especially minority women who dare to challenge powerful men," |
她说:‘’毕竟,性爱经常 被用来贬低和羞辱女性, 特别是少数民族的妇女, 尤其是敢于挑战权势 的少数民族妇女。” |
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demean:vt.贬低...的身分;举止; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的;
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| as she had in her work. |
就像她在工作所做的那样。 |
| The fake sex video went viral in 48 hours. |
那个伪造的性爱视频 在48小时之内像病毒一样传播。 |
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viral:adj.滤过性毒菌引起的;滤过性毒菌的;
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| All of her online accounts were flooded with screenshots of the video, with graphic rape and death threats and with slurs about her Muslim faith . |
她所有的线上账户 都被这些视频截屏淹没, 同时还有图片形式的强奸和死亡威胁 和对她穆斯林信仰的诽谤。 |
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screenshots:n.画面;截屏; graphic:adj.形象的;图表的;绘画似的; rape:n.强奸罪;强奸案;v.强奸;强暴; slurs:vt.忽视; vi.含糊地发音; n.污点; faith:n.信心;信任;宗教信仰;
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| Online posts suggested that she was "available" for sex. |
网上的帖子说她可以 随意跟其他人进行性行为。 |
| And she was doxed, which means that her home address and her cell phone number were spread across the internet. |
并且她已经被“人肉”, 也就是说她的家庭住址和手机号 已经在互联网上随处可见。 |
| The video was shared more than 40,000 times. |
那个视频已经被分享了超过4万次。 |
| Now, when someone is targeted with this kind of cybermob attack, the harm is profound . |
如今,这样的网络暴力, 其伤害是非常深远的。 |
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profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的;
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| Rana Ayyub's life was turned upside down . |
Rana Ayyub的生活已经彻底改变。 |
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upside down:adj.颠倒的;乱七八糟的;
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| For weeks, she could hardly eat or speak. |
几周时间里, 她几乎不吃饭也不说话。 |
| She stopped writing and closed all of her social media accounts, which is, you know, a tough thing to do when you're a journalist. |
她不再写文章, 关闭了所有社交媒体账户, 这是作为一个记者很难应付的事情。 |
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media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
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| And she was afraid to go outside her family's home. |
她不敢走出家门。 |
| What if the posters made good on their threats? |
如果那些发帖的人 真的进行了威胁呢？ |
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What if:如果…怎么办? posters:n.海报;巨幅装饰画;发布消息的人;(poster的复数)
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| The UN Council on Human Rights confirmed that she wasn't being crazy. |
联合国人权理事会 确认她没有精神问题。 |
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Council:n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会;市政(或地方管理)服务机构;
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| It issued a public statement saying that they were worried about her safety. |
他们发布了一个声明, 表示担心她的人身安全。 |
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issued:v.宣布;公布;发出;将…诉诸法律;(issue的过去分词和过去式) statement:n.声明;陈述,叙述;报表,清单;
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| What Rana Ayyub faced was a deepfake: machine-learning technology that manipulates or fabricates audio and video recordings to show people doing and saying things that they never did or said. |
Rana Ayyub面对的是deepfake : (“深度学习”和“伪造”的混合词) 一种机器学习技术, 能够操纵或者伪造视频和音频 来展示人们做了或者说了 他们从来没有做过或说过的事情。 |
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machine-learning:机器学习; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; manipulates:vt.操纵;操作;巧妙地处理;篡改; fabricates:vt.制造;伪造;装配; audio:adj.声音的;录音的;
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| Deepfakes appear authentic and realistic , but they're not; they're total falsehoods . |
Deepfake让这些看起来 是真实的,但事实上并不是; 这些都是虚假的视频。 |
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authentic:adj.真正的,真实的;可信的; realistic:adj.现实的;现实主义的;逼真的;实在论的; falsehoods:n.说谎;假话;不真实;错误的信仰;
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| Although the technology is still developing in its sophistication , it is widely available. |
尽管这项技术还在 这种复杂性中发展, 但已经广泛被使用。 |
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sophistication:n.复杂;诡辩;老于世故;有教养;
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| Now, the most recent attention to deepfakes arose , as so many things do online, with pornography . |
大家最近对deepfakes最关注的, 就像很多网上的事情一样, 是色情媒介。 |
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arose:vi.出现(arise的过去式);引发; pornography:n.淫秽作品;色情书刊(或音像制品等)
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| In early 2018, someone posted a tool on Reddit to allow users to insert faces into porn videos. |
在2018年早期, 有人在Reddit论坛上发布了一个工具, 可以让用户在色情视频中插入人脸。 |
| And what followed was a cascade of fake porn videos featuring people's favorite female celebrities . |
这促成了一系列伪造的色情视频, 使用了人们最喜爱的女星的面貌。 |
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cascade:n.小瀑布,瀑布状物;串联;vi.像瀑布般大量倾泻下来;vi.像瀑布般悬挂着; female:adj.女性的;雌性的;柔弱的,柔和的;n.女人;[动]雌性动物; celebrities:n.名人;名誉;(celebrity的复数)
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| And today, you can go on YouTube and pull up countless tutorials with step-by-step instructions on how to make a deepfake on your desktop application . |
现在,你在YoutTube上能搜索到 不计其数步骤详细的教学视频 教你如何在电脑上制作这种视频。 |
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countless:adj.无数的;数不尽的; tutorials:n.教程;专题报告;学习指南(tutorial的复数); step-by-step:adj.按部就班的; desktop:n.桌面;桌面(显示使用程序图标的计算机屏幕); application:n.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;
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| And soon we may be even able to make them on our cell phones. |
很快,我们也许也可以 在我们的手机上制作。 |
| Now, it's the interaction of some of our most basic human frailties and network tools that can turn deepfakes into weapons. |
此时,正是我们最基本的 人性弱点和网络工具的 相互作用 使得deepfakes变成了武器。 |
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interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰; frailties:n.虚弱;弱点;意志薄弱;
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| So let me explain. |
让我解释一下。 |
| As human beings, we have a visceral reaction to audio and video. |
作为人类,我们对音频 和视频有直观的反应。 |
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visceral:adj.内脏的;出于本能的;发自肺腑的;粗俗的; reaction:n.反应,感应;反动,复古;反作用;
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| We believe they're true, on the notion that of course you can believe what your eyes and ears are telling you. |
我们相信反应是真实的, 理论上当然你应该相信 你的眼睛和耳朵告诉你的事情。 |
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notion:n.观念;信念;理解;
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| And it's that mechanism that might undermine our shared sense of reality. |
并且正是那种机制 削弱了我们共有的对现实的感觉。 |
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mechanism:n.机制;原理,途径;进程;机械装置;技巧; undermine:vt.破坏,渐渐破坏;挖掘地基;
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| Although we believe deepfakes to be true, they're not. |
尽管我们相信deepfakes 是真的,但它不是。 |
| And we're attracted to the salacious , the provocative . |
我们被那些淫秽和挑衅吸引了。 |
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salacious:adj.好色的;猥亵的;淫荡的; provocative:adj.刺激的,挑拨的;气人的;n.刺激物,挑拨物;兴奋剂;
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| We tend to believe and to share information that's negative and novel . |
我们倾向于去相信和共享 消极和新奇的信息。 |
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negative:adj.[数]负的;消极的;否定的;阴性的;n.否定;负数;[摄]底片;v.否定;拒绝; novel:adj.新奇的;异常的;n.小说;
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| And researchers have found that online hoaxes spread 10 times faster than accurate stories. |
研究者们发现网上的骗局比真实故事 的传播速度快10倍。 |
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accurate:adj.精确的;
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| Now, we're also drawn to information that aligns with our viewpoints . |
我们也容易被迎合 我们观点的信息吸引。 |
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viewpoints:观点;
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| Psychologists call that tendency "confirmation bias ." |
心理学家称这种倾向为 “验证性偏见”。 |
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Psychologists:n.[心理]心理学家(psychologist的复数形式); tendency:n.倾向,趋势;癖好; bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的;
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| And social media platforms supercharge that tendency, by allowing us to instantly and widely share information that accords with our viewpoints. |
同时社交媒体平台 极大鼓励了这种倾向, 允许我们即刻并广泛地分享 符合我们自我观点的信息。 |
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platforms:n.平台; v.把…放在台上; supercharge:vt.对…增压;使…超载;使…过分;使…超负荷;n.超负荷;过荷; accords:符合;
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| Now, deepfakes have the potential to cause grave individual and societal harm. |
Deepfakes能够对个人 和社会造成严重的潜在危害。 |
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potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; grave:adj.重大的;严肃的;黯淡的;n.墓穴,坟墓;死亡;v.雕刻;铭记; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; societal:adj.社会的;
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| So, imagine a deepfake that shows American soldiers in Afganistan burning a Koran . |
想象一个deepfake视频 显示美国士兵在阿富汗焚烧可兰经。 |
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Koran:n.《可兰经》,《古兰经》(伊斯兰教);
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| You can imagine that that deepfake would provoke violence against those soldiers. |
你可以想象这个视频会挑起 针对这些士兵的暴力行为。 |
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provoke:vt.驱使;激怒;煽动;惹起; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
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| And what if the very next day there's another deepfake that drops, that shows a well-known imam based in London praising the attack on those soldiers? |
然后如果第二天 又有另一个deepfake视频出现, 展示在伦敦的一位有名的 伊玛目（伊斯兰教领袖的称号） 在赞美对士兵的袭击行为呢？ |
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well-known:adj.著名的;众所周知的;清楚明白的; imam:n.伊玛目;(伊斯兰的)阿訇;
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| We might see violence and civil unrest , not only in Afganistan and the United Kingdom , but across the globe. |
我们可能会看见暴力和内乱, 不仅出现在阿富汗和英国, 而是全世界。 |
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unrest:n.不安;动荡的局面;不安的状态; United Kingdom:n.英国;
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| And you might say to me, "Come on, Danielle, that's far-fetched ." |
你可能会对我说, “拜托, Danielle,你说的太牵强了。 ” |
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far-fetched:adj.强词夺理的;太牵强了;
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| But it's not. |
但并不是。 |
| We've seen falsehoods spread on WhatsApp and other online message services lead to violence against ethnic minorities . |
我们已经看见了许多虚假信息 在WhatsApp和其它 在线聊天服务里传播, 导致了对少数民族的暴力。 |
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WhatsApp:智能手机;联络电话; ethnic:adj.种族的;人种的; minorities:n.少数(minority的复数形式);少数民族;少数族裔;
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| And that was just text -- imagine if it were video. |
而那还仅仅是文字—— 如果是视频呢？ |
| Now, deepfakes have the potential to corrode the trust that we have in democratic institutions . |
Deepfakes有可能会腐蚀 我们在民主机构里 的所拥有的信任。 |
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corrode:vt.侵蚀;损害;vi.受腐蚀;起腐蚀作用; democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的; institutions:n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯,制度;(institution的复数)
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| So, imagine the night before an election. |
想象一下在选举的前一晚, |
| There's a deepfake showing one of the major party candidates gravely sick. |
Deepfake展示了 其中一个主要党派的候选人 生了重病。 |
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gravely:adv.严重地;严肃地;严峻地;沉重地;
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| The deepfake could tip the election and shake our sense that elections are legitimate . |
它可以颠覆这个选举 并动摇我们认为选举合法的想法。 |
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tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜; legitimate:adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的;v.使合法;认为正当(等于legitimize);
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| Imagine if the night before an initial public offering of a major global bank, there was a deepfake showing the bank's CEO drunkenly spouting conspiracy theories. |
接下来,想象在一个跨国银行的 首次公开募股的前夜, deepfake显示银行的CEO 因为喝醉宣扬阴谋论。 |
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initial:adj.最初的; n.(名字的)首字母; v.用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; drunkenly:adv.醉醺醺地;东倒西歪的; spouting:n.喷射; v.喷射; conspiracy:n.阴谋;共谋;阴谋集团;
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| The deepfake could tank the IPO, and worse, shake our sense that financial markets are stable . |
这个视频可以降低IPO的估值, 更糟的是,动摇我们认为 金融市场稳定的感觉。 |
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financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; stable:n.马厩;牛棚;adj.稳定的;牢固的;坚定的;vi.被关在马厩;赶入马房;
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| So deepfakes can exploit and magnify the deep distrust that we already have in politicians , business leaders and other influential leaders. |
所以,deepfakes可以利用 并放大我们对政客,商业领袖 和其他有影响力的领导人 已有的深深的不信任性。 |
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exploit:v.利用…为自己谋利;剥削;压榨;运用;发挥; magnify:vt.放大;赞美;夸大;vi.放大;有放大能力; distrust:vt.不信任;n.不信任;怀疑; politicians:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩;(politician的复数) influential:adj.有影响的;有势力的;n.有影响力的人物;
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| They find an audience primed to believe them. |
它们找到了愿意相信它们的观众。 |
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primed:adj.待发的;v.使准备好;装填;使泵起动;涂底漆;修剪树枝(prime的过去分词);
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| And the pursuit of truth is on the line as well. |
对真相的追寻也岌岌可危。 |
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pursuit:n.追求;追赶;追捕;跟踪; on the line:处于危险中;模棱两可;在电话线上;
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| Technologists expect that with advances in AI, soon it may be difficult if not impossible to tell the difference between a real video and a fake one. |
技术人员认为, 未来随着人工智能的进步, 想要分辨出真视频和假视频 可能将会变得非常困难。 |
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Technologists:n.技术人员(technologist的复数);[劳经]技术专家;
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| So how can the truth emerge in a deepfake-ridden marketplace of ideas? |
那么真相如何才能在一个deepfake 驱使的思想市场中产生？ |
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emerge:v.浮现;显现;暴露;露出真相; marketplace:n.市场;集市;
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| Will we just proceed along the path of least resistance and believe what we want to believe, truth be damned ? |
我们仅仅沿着阻力最小的路前进 并相信我们想去相信的, 而真相已经被诅咒了吗？ |
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proceed:n.收入;卖得金额;收益;v.继续;接着做;行进;前往; resistance:n.电阻;抵抗;阻力;抗力; damned:adj.该死的; v.该死,混账; (damn的过去分词和过去式)
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| And not only might we believe the fakery , we might start disbelieving the truth. |
而且不仅是我们相信虚假, 可能是我们也开始不相信真相。 |
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fakery:n.伪造;假货; disbelieving:v.不信;怀疑;(disbelieve的现在分词)
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| We've already seen people invoke the phenomenon of deepfakes to cast doubt on real evidence of their wrongdoing . |
我们已经见过人们 利用deepfakes的现象 来质疑能证明他们 错误行为的真实证据。 |
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invoke:vt.调用;祈求;引起;恳求; phenomenon:n.现象;杰出的人;非凡的人(或事物); evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明; wrongdoing:n.不法行为;坏事;作恶;欺骗行径;
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| We've heard politicians say of audio of their disturbing comments, "Come on, that's fake news. |
我们也听过政客回应 他们令人不安的评论, “拜托,那是假新闻。 |
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disturbing:adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的;v.打扰;干扰;搅乱;使不安;(disturb的现在分词)
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| You can't believe what your eyes and ears are telling you." |
你不能相信你的眼睛 和耳朵告诉你的事情。” |
| And it's that risk that professor Robert Chesney and I call the "liar's dividend ": the risk that liars will invoke deepfakes to escape accountability for their wrongdoing. |
这是一种风险, Robert Chesney教授和我 把它叫做“撒谎者的福利”: 撒谎者利用deepfakes来 逃避他们为错误行为负责的风险。 |
|
dividend:n.红利;股息;[数]被除数;奖金; liars:说谎者;撒谎者(liar的复数); accountability:n.有义务;有责任;可说明性;
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| So we've got our work cut out for us, there's no doubt about it. |
所以我们知道我们的工作 非常艰难,毋庸置疑。 |
| And we're going to need a proactive solution from tech companies, from lawmakers , law enforcers and the media. |
我们需要一个 主动积极的解决方案, 来自于科技公司,国会议员, 执法者和媒体。 |
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proactive:adj.前摄的(前一活动中的因素对后一活动造成影响的); solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; lawmakers:立法者(lawmaker的复数); enforcers:n.实施者;强制执行者;
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| And we're going to need a healthy dose of societal resilience . |
并且我们将需要健康的社会复原力。 |
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dose:n.剂量;一剂,一服;v.服药;给药;给…服药; resilience:n.恢复力;弹力;顺应力;
|
| So now, we're right now engaged in a very public conversation about the responsibility of tech companies. |
当下我们正在与科技公司 进行关于社会责任的公开谈话。 |
| And my advice to social media platforms has been to change their terms of service and community guidelines to ban deepfakes that cause harm. |
我对社交媒体平台的建议 已经影响了他们的 服务条款和社区准则, 来禁止deepfakes造成危害。 |
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community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; guidelines:n.指导方针;参考; ban:v.下令禁止;查禁;n.禁令;
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| That determination , that's going to require human judgment , and it's expensive. |
那种决心需要人类的判断, 并且代价很大。 |
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determination:n.测定;确定;决心;计算; judgment:n.判断;裁判;判决书;辨别力;
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| But we need human beings to look at the content and context of a deepfake to figure out if it is a harmful impersonation or instead, if it's valuable satire , art or education. |
但是我们需要人类 去看看deepfake的内容和背景, 弄清楚它是否是有害的伪装, 或者相反,是否是有价值的 讽刺,艺术或教育。 |
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content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; impersonation:n.扮演;模仿;装扮; valuable:adj.有价值的;贵重的;可估价的;n.贵重物品; satire:n.讽刺;讽刺文学,讽刺作品;
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| So now, what about the law? |
接下来,法律呢？ |
| Law is our educator. |
法律是我们的教育家。 |
| It teaches us about what's harmful and what's wrong. |
它教育我们什么是有害的, 什么是错误的。 |
| And it shapes behavior it deters by punishing perpetrators and securing remedies for victims. |
法律通过惩罚肇事作案者 和保护对受害者的补救 来规范行为。 |
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deters:v.防止;网络释义:威慑;制止;杰捷尔斯;(deters是deter的第三人称单数) perpetrators:n.作恶者;行凶者;犯罪者;(perpetrator的复数) remedies:n.处理方法; v.改正; (remedy的第三人称单数和复数)
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| Right now, law is not up to the challenge of deepfakes. |
现在,法律还无法应对 deepfakes带来的挑战。 |
| Across the globe, we lack well-tailored laws that would be designed to tackle digital impersonations that invade sexual privacy, that damage reputations and that cause emotional distress . |
在全球范围内, 我们缺少精心制定的法律, 解决数字伪造问题的法律, 针对会侵犯性隐私, 毁坏名誉 并造成情绪困扰的事件的法律。 |
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well-tailored:adj.剪裁讲究的;剪裁良好的; tackle:v.处理; n.用具; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; impersonations:n.扮演;模仿;装扮; invade:v.侵犯;侵略;侵袭;干扰; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; distress:n.危难,不幸;贫困;悲痛;v.使悲痛;使贫困;
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| What happened to Rana Ayyub is increasingly commonplace . |
发生在Rana Ayyub身上的 事情越来越普遍。 |
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increasingly:adv.越来越多地;渐增地; commonplace:n.老生常谈;司空见惯的事;普通的东西;adj.平凡的;陈腐的;
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| Yet, when she went to law enforcement in Delhi , she was told nothing could be done. |
但是,当她去德里 的执法部门举报时, 她被告知他们无能为力。 |
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enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; Delhi:n.德里(印度城市名);
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| And the sad truth is that the same would be true in the United States and in Europe. |
并且令人悲伤的事实是, 在美国和欧洲 可能是同样的情况。 |
| So we have a legal vacuum that needs to be filled. |
所以我们需要填补这一法律空白。 |
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legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; vacuum:n.真空; adj.真空的; v.用真空吸尘器清扫;
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| My colleague Dr. Mary Anne Franks and I are working with US lawmakers to devise legislation that would ban harmful digital impersonations that are tantamount to identity theft . |
我和同事Mary Anne Franks博士 正在和美国国会议员一起 制定可以禁止有危害的数字伪造, 相当于身份盗窃的法律。 |
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colleague:n.同事,同僚; Franks:n."frank"的复数; v."frank"的第三人称单数; devise:v.设计; n.[法]遗赠财产的遗嘱(或其中的条款); legislation:n.立法;法律; tantamount:adj.同等的;相当于…的; identity theft:n.身份盗窃(利用别人的名字、个人信息等获得信用卡、其他物品或从别人的账户中提取现金等);
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| And we've seen similar moves in Iceland, the UK and Australia. |
同时我们看见了 在冰岛,英国和澳大利亚 有类似的过程在进行。 |
| But of course, that's just a small piece of the regulatory puzzle . |
但是当然,这只是 整个监管难题的一小部分。 |
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regulatory:adj.管理的;控制的;调整的; puzzle:n.谜;疑问;智力游戏;不解之谜;v.迷惑;使困惑;
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| Now, I know law is not a cure-all . Right? |
我知道法律并不是灵丹妙药。 |
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cure-all:n.万灵药;
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| It's a blunt instrument . |
它是一个武器。 |
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blunt:adj.钝的,不锋利的;生硬的;直率的;v.使迟钝; instrument:n.仪器;工具;乐器;手段;器械;
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| And we've got to use it wisely. |
我们需要智慧地使用它。 |
| It also has some practical impediments . |
法律也有一些实际的障碍。 |
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practical:adj.实际的;真实的;客观存在的;n.实习课;实践课; impediments:n.障碍(impediment的复数);妨碍,困难;
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| You can't leverage law against people you can't identify and find. |
你不能利用法律对抗 你无法找到和定位的人。 |
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leverage:n.影响力;杠杆作用;杠杆效力;v.举债经营;借贷收购; identify:v.识别:鉴定:确认:发现:
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| And if a perpetrator lives outside the country where a victim lives, then you may not be able to insist that the perpetrator come into local courts to face justice . |
如果一个作案者居住在 不同于受害者的国家, 那么你可能无法强制作案者 来到当地法庭 来接受审判。 |
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victim:n.受害人;牺牲品;牺牲者; justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
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| And so we're going to need a coordinated international response . |
因此我们需要一项协调一致的, 联合全球的响应策略。 |
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coordinated:v.使协调;使相配合;搭配,协调;(coordinate的过去分词和过去式) response:n.响应;反应;回答;
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| Education has to be part of our response as well. |
教育也是我们响应策略中的一部分。 |
| Law enforcers are not going to enforce laws they don't know about and proffer problems they don't understand. |
执法者不会去强制执行 他们不知道的法律, 也不会提出他们不明白的问题。 |
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proffer:n.提供;提出;提议;vt.提供;提出;奉献;
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| In my research on cyberstalking , |
在我关于网络追踪的研究中, |
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cyberstalking:n.计算机跟踪威胁;
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| I found that law enforcement lacked the training to understand the laws available to them and the problem of online abuse . |
我发现执法者缺少 了解可供使用的法律 和网络暴力问题的培训。 |
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abuse:n.滥用;虐待;辱骂;弊端;恶习,陋习;v.滥用;虐待;辱骂;
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| And so often they told victims, "Just turn your computer off. Ignore it. It'll go away." |
所以他们经常告诉受害者, “把电脑关掉就行了, 不要管,自然就没了。” |
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Ignore:v.驳回诉讼;忽视;不理睬;
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| And we saw that in Rana Ayyub's case. |
我们在Rana Ayyub的案例中 也发现了这点。 |
| She was told, "Come on, you're making such a big deal about this. |
她被告知: “拜托,你太小题大做了。 |
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a big deal:na.要人;重要的事;
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| It's boys being boys." |
他们只是不懂事的孩子。” |
| And so we need to pair new legislation with efforts at training. |
所以我们需要展开针对新法律的培训。 |
| And education has to be aimed on the media as well. |
媒体也同样需要接受相关的培训。 |
| Journalists need educating about the phenomenon of deepfakes so they don't amplify and spread them. |
记者们需要接受关于 deepfakes现象的培训, 这样它们就不会被放大和传播。 |
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Journalists:n.新闻记者(journalist的复数); amplify:vt.放大,扩大;增强;详述;vi.详述;
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| And this is the part where we're all involved . |
这正是我们所有人 需要参与其中的部分。 |
|
involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词)
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| Each and every one of us needs educating. |
我们每个人都需要这方面的教育。 |
| We click, we share, we like, and we don't even think about it. |
我们点击,我们分享,我们点赞, 但是我们没有认真去思考。 |
| We need to do better. |
我们需要做得更好。 |
| We need far better radar for fakery. |
我们需要针对虚假事件 更敏锐的雷达。 |
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radar:n.雷达;
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| So as we're working through these solutions, there's going to be a lot of suffering to go around. |
所以在我们研究解决方案的时候, 会有很多痛苦和折磨围绕着我们。 |
| Rana Ayyub is still wrestling with the fallout . |
Rana Ayyub仍在和后果搏斗。 |
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wrestling:n.摔跤运动;v.摔跤;奋力对付;全力解决;(wrestle的现在分词) fallout:n.原子尘;[核][环境]放射性尘埃;原子尘微粒回降;附带结果;
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| She still doesn't feel free to express herself on- and offline . |
她还是无法自在地 在线上和线下表达自己。 |
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express:v.表达; adj.特快的; n.特快列车; v.使用快速服务; offline:n.脱机;挂线;adj.脱机的;离线的,未连线的;adv.未连线地;
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| And as she told me, she still feels like there are thousands of eyes on her naked body, even though, intellectually , she knows it wasn't her body. |
就像她告诉我的, 她仍然感觉有上千双眼睛 在看着她的裸体, 尽管理智上她知道 那并不是她的身体。 |
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naked:adj.裸体的;无装饰的;无证据的;直率的; intellectually:adv.智力上;理智地;知性上;
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| And she has frequent panic attacks, especially when someone she doesn't know tries to take her picture. |
而且她经常遭受惊吓, 特别是当有陌生人试图去偷拍她。 |
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frequent:adj.频繁的;经常发生的;v.常到(某处); panic:adj.恐慌的;n.惊恐;恐慌;惶恐不安;v.惊慌失措;
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| '"What if they're going to make another deepfake?" she thinks to herself. |
“如果他们想拍来做另一个 deepfake呢？”她不禁想。 |
| And so for the sake of individuals like Rana Ayyub and the sake of our democracy , we need to do something right now. |
所以为了像Rana Ayyub一样的个人, 为了我们的民主, 我们现在就要有所作为。 |
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for the sake of:为了;为了…的利益; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治;
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| Thank you. |
谢谢大家。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |