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DanielLibeskind_2009-_建筑的十七种奇想_
I'll start with my favorite muse , Emily Dickinson, who said that wonder is not knowledge, neither is it ignorance . 我的缪斯,美国女诗人艾蜜莉狄金森这么说 她说:奇想不是来自知识,也不是来自无知
muse:n.沉思;冥想;vt.沉思;沉思地说;vi.沉思;凝望; ignorance:n.无知,愚昧;不知,不懂;
It's something which is suspended between what we believe we can be, and a tradition we may have forgotten. 而是一种悬念 悬吊在在我们的自我认知 和我们已经遗忘的传统中
suspended:v.悬;挂;吊;暂停;中止;(suspend的过去式和过去分词)
And I think, when I listen to these incredible people here, 从屋子里的这些出色的演讲中
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
I've been so inspired , so many incredible ideas, so many visions . 我得到了许多灵感,看到许多可能性
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) visions:n.愿景; v.想像;
And yet, when I look at the environment outside, you see how resistant architecture is to change. 但是当我往外一看 我们看到的建筑是多么死板
resistant:adj.抵抗的,反抗的;顽固的;n.抵抗者; architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构;
You see how resistant it is to those very ideas. 多么抗拒这些新观点
We can think them out. We can create incredible things. 我们创造了这些神奇的事物
And yet, at the the end, it's so hard to change a wall. 但最终 连改变一道墙都是这么困难。
We applaud the well-mannered box. 我们赞同这些一板一眼的盒子
applaud:v.欢呼;赞成; well-mannered:adj.有礼貌的;行为端正的;文雅的;
But to create a space that never existed is what interests me. 但我只对创造那些前所未有的空间感兴趣
To create something that has never been. 那些史无前例的
A space that we have never entered except in our minds and our spirits. 那些只存在我们的心灵和想象中的空间
And I think that's really what architecture is based on. 我认为那才是建筑的本质
Architecture is not based on concrete and steel and the elements of the soil. 建筑不是建立在水泥 钢铁,和泥土
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数)
It's based on wonder. 而是建立在奇想上。
And that wonder is really what has created the greatest cities, the greatest spaces that we have had. 是奇想创建了伟大的城市 和伟大的空间。
And I think that is indeed what architecture is. It is a story. 我认为建筑便是如此。建筑是一个故事
By the way , it is a story that is told through its hard materials. 建筑是一个借着 实体来诉说的故事
By the way:顺便说一下;
But it is a story of effort and struggle against improbabilities . 它也是一个和不可能 拔河及挣扎的故事。
improbabilities:n.未必有之事;不大可能的事物;
If you think of the great buildings, of the the cathedrals , of the temples, of the pyramids, of pagodas , of cities in India and beyond, 想想那些伟大的建筑,大教堂,庙宇 金字塔,宝塔 印度的那些城市之类
cathedrals:教堂; pagodas:[建]塔;
You think of how incredible this is that that was realized not by some abstract idea, but by people. 这些不可思议的城市和建筑不是来自 一个模糊的概念,而是人
abstract:n.摘要; adj.抽象的; vt.摘要; vi.做摘要;
So, anything that has been made can be unmade . 所有建立的都能被重建
unmade:adj.尚未做好的;v.恢复原状,撤回(unmake的过去分词);
Anything that has been made can be made better. 所有矗立的都能更完美
There it is: the things that I really believe are are of important architecture. 这些是我认为对建筑来说 真正重要的事。
These are the dimensions that I like to work with. 我期待能在这些概念范围下创作
dimensions:n.规模,大小;
It's something very personal . 这是非常个人的
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
It's not, perhaps, the dimensions appreciated by art critics or architecture critics or city planners . 这大概不是评论家会喜欢的概念 建筑评论家,城市设计者大概也不苟同
appreciated:v.欣赏;感激;理解;(appreciate的过去分词和过去式) critics:n.评论家;批评者;吹毛求疵的人(critic的复数); planners:n.规划师;规划人员(planner的复数);计划人员;
But I think these are the necessary oxygen for us to live in buildings, to live in cities, to connect ourselves in a social space. 但我认为当我们生活在建筑里,城市里 和公共空间有所联系时 它们就像空气一样必要。
And I therefore believe that optimism is what drives architecture forward. 我认为乐观是建筑的推进力
optimism:n.乐观;乐观主义;
It's the only profession where you have to believe in the future. 建筑是唯一需要相信未来的专业
profession:n.行业,职业;业内人士;同行;
You can be an general, a politician , an economist who is depressed , a musician in a minor key, a painter in dark colors. 你可以做一个悲观的将军、政治家、或是经济学者 一个忧郁的音乐家、一个阴暗的画家
politician:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩; depressed:adj.沮丧的; v.使抑郁; (depress的过去式和过去分词) minor:adj.未成年的; n.未成年人; vi.副修;
But architecture is that complete ecstasy that the future can be better. 但建筑师应该狂喜地期盼着美好未来
ecstasy:n.狂喜;入迷;忘形;
And it is that belief that I think drives society. 我相信这就是社会进步的原因
And today we have a kind of evangelical pessimism all around us. 今日我们被悲观的说法包围
evangelical:adj.福音的;福音派教会的;新教会的;n.福音派信徒; pessimism:n.悲观,悲观情绪;厌世主义;
And yet it is in times like this that I think architecture can thrive with big ideas. 但就算在这样的时代 我仍然相信建筑可以为一个伟大的目的而奋斗
thrive:v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达;
Ideas that are not small. Think of the great cities. 想想那些伟大的城市
Think of the Empire State Building, the Rockefeller Center. 想想帝国大厦、或是洛克菲勒中心
They were built in times that were not really the best of times in a certain way. 它们都是建立在 那些绝非最好的时机
And yet that energy and power of architecture has driven an entire social and political space that these buildings occupy . 但建筑的精神和力量 领导着这些社会和政治
occupy:v.占据,占领;居住;使忙碌;
So again, I am a believer in the expressive . 我也相信建筑是一种表现
believer:n.信徒;相信的人; expressive:adj.表现的;有表现力的;表达…的;
I have never been a fan of the neutral . 我从来不喜欢中立
neutral:n.中立国; adj.中立的;
I don't like neutrality in life, in anything. 我不喜欢在人生,或任何事情中中立
neutrality:n.中立;中性;中立立场;
I think expression . 表现
expression:n.表现,表示,表达;
And it's like espresso coffee. You know, you take the essence of the coffee. 就像蒸馏咖啡,它汲取咖啡的精髓
espresso:n.(用汽加压煮出的)浓咖啡; essence:n.本质;实质;精髓;香精;
That's what expression is. 这就是表现。
It's been missing in much of the architecture because we think architecture is the realm of the neutered , the realm of the kind of a state that has no opinion, that has no value. 很多建筑都缺少这种精神 因为我们认为建筑是一个中立的领域 一个没有看法的领域 也没有价值观
realm:n.领域,范围;王国; neutered:v.阉割;使无效,使失去作用;(neuter的过去分词和过去式)
And yet, I believe it is the expression, expression of the city, expression of our own space, that gives meaning to architecture. 但我相信表现 一个城市和个人空间的表现 赋予建筑意义
And, of course, expressive spaces are not mute . 那些表现空间不是哑的
mute:adj.沉默的;无声的;哑的;n.弱音器;哑巴;v.消音;减音;减弱;缓解;
Expressive spaces are not spaces that simply confirm what we already know. 表现空间不只是 表达那些我们已经知道的事情
Expressive spaces may disturb us. 表现空间可能会让我们不安
disturb:v.打扰;干扰;使不安;使烦恼;
And I think that's also part of life. 但我认为那也是生命中的一部分
Life is not just an anesthetic to make us smile. 人生不应该只是麻木的微笑
anesthetic:adj.麻醉的;感觉缺失的;n.麻醉剂,麻药;
But to reach out across the abyss of history, to places we have never been, and would have perhaps been, had we not been so lucky. 而是越过历史的深渊 到一些未竟之地 如果我们不试,可能也无法到达的境地。
abyss:n.深渊;深邃,无底洞,地狱;
So again, radical versus conservative . 激进和保守
radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的; versus:prep.对;与...相对;对抗; conservative:adj.保守的;n.保守派,守旧者;
Radical, what does it mean? It's something which is rooted. 激进是什么意思？这是有根据的
And something that is rooted deep in a tradition. 在建筑的传统里
And I think that is what architecture is, it's radical. 我认为这就是建筑的意义,激进
It's not just a conservation in formaldehyde of dead forms. 而不是一些死去的形态 安全地包装在传统里
conservation:n.保存,保持;保护; formaldehyde:n.蚁醛,[有化]甲醛;
It is actually a living connection to the cosmic event that we are part of, and a story that is certainly ongoing . 它是一个活生生的 与宇宙的关联性 一个正在进行的故事
cosmic:adj.宇宙的; ongoing:n.发展; adj.持续存在的;
It's not something that has a good ending or a bad ending. 不是一个好结局或是坏结局
It's actually a story in which our acts themselves are pushing the story in a particular way. 而是我们正参与着的故事 我们的行为影响着故事
So again I am a believer in the radical architecture. 我是个激进建筑的信徒
You know the Soviet architecture of the that building is the conservation. 你们都见过苏联的建筑 那就是传统
Soviet:adj.苏维埃的;苏联的;n.苏维埃(前苏联的各级代表会议);苏联人;
It's like the old Las Vegas used to be. 那就像过去的拉斯韦加斯
It's about conserving emotions , conserving the traditions that have obstructed the mind in moving forward and of course what is radical is to confront them. 保存情绪,保存传统 阻碍我们的思想进步 激进便是面对这些保守
conserving:adj.保存的;v.保护;保藏;糖渍(conserve的ing形式); emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数) obstructed:adj.阻塞的;梗阻的,不通的;v.阻塞;妨碍;遮住(obstruct的过去分词形式); confront:v.直面;无法回避;降临于;处理;对抗;
And I think our architecture is a confrontation with our own senses. 建筑便是以我们的知觉 去面对
confrontation:n.对抗;面对;对质;
Therefore I believe it should not be cool. 所以我认为它不该是冷酷的
There is a lot of appreciation for the kind of cool architecture. 许多人喜欢那种冷酷的建筑
appreciation:n.升值;欣赏;感谢;增值;
I've always been an opponent of it. I think emotion is needed. 我总是反对。我认为情绪是必须的
opponent:n.对手;竞争者;反对者;阻止者;adj.反对的;
Life without emotion would really not be life. 没有情绪的人生便不是人生
Even the mind is emotional . 甚至我们的思想都是情绪化的
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
There is no reason which does not take position in the ethical sphere , in the philosophical mystery of what we are. 没理由它不能出现在我们的伦理观 或用以哲学地解释我们是谁
ethical:adj.伦理的;道德的;凭处方出售的;n.处方药; sphere:n.球;领域;球体;球形;v.使成球形;包围;把…放在球内;使处于天体之间; philosophical:adj.哲学的(等于philosophic);冷静的;
So I think emotion is a dimension that is important to introduce into city space, into city life. 我认为情绪是一个次元 将它带进城市空间、城市生活非常重要
And of course, we are all about the struggle of emotions. 我们都在情绪中挣扎
And I think that is what makes the world a wondrous place. 我认为着也是世界神奇的地方
wondrous:adj.奇妙的;令人惊奇的;非常的;
And of course, the confrontation of the cool, the unemotional with emotion, is a conversation that I think cities themselves have fostered . 冷酷无感和情绪之间的对峙 便是一种城市 所兼容的对话。
unemotional:adj.不易动感情的;非感情的;无动于衷的; fostered:vt.培养;养育,抚育;抱(希望等);adj.收养的,养育的;
I think that is the progress of cities. 城市的进步
It's not only the forms of cities, but the fact that they incarnate emotions, not just of those who build them, but of those who live there as well. 不只是城市的形态 而是这些情绪的具体化 不只是那些盖这些建筑的人 更是那些居民的情绪。
incarnate:adj.化身的;人体化的;肉色的;vt.体现;使…具体化;使实体化;
Inexplicable versus understood. You know, too often we want to understand everything. 神秘,那些不言自明的。我们往往想了解所有事
Inexplicable:adj.费解的;无法说明的;不能解释的;
But architecture is not the language of words. 但建筑不是一种有文字的语言
It's a language. But it is not a language that can be reduced to a series of programatic notes that we can verbally write. 它是一个语言,但不是一种能被简化为 一些问题百出的文字的语言
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; verbally:adv.口头地,非书面地;用言辞地;
Too many buildings that you see outside that are so banal tell you a story, but the story is very short. 外面有太多平庸的建筑 它诉说故事,故事很短
banal:adj.陈腐的;平庸的;老一套的;
Which says, "We have no story to tell you." 它说“我无话可说”
(Laughter) （笑声）
So the important thing actually, is to introduce the actual architectural dimensions, which might be totally inexplicable in words. 重要的是 带进一种难以言喻的 建筑次元
architectural:adj.建筑学的;建筑上的;符合建筑法的;
Because they operate in proportions , in materials, in light. 这语言是以比例、面积 材质、光线组成的
proportions:n.[数]比例;大小(proportion的复数形式);
They connect themselves into various sources , into a kind of complex vector matrix that isn't really frontal but is really embedded in the lives, and in the history of a city, and of a people. 它们以不同元素组成 像一种复杂的矢量矩阵 它不是平铺直述 但深入我们的生活 与一个城市的历史,居民的历史
sources:n.来源;出处;起源;根源;原因;v.(从…)获得(source的第三人称单数和复数) complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; vector:n.矢量;带菌者;航线;vt.用无线电导航; matrix:n.[数]矩阵;模型;[生物][地质]基质;母体;子宫;[地质]脉石; frontal:adj.额的;正面的,前面的;n.额骨,额部;房屋的正面; embedded:adj.嵌入式的;植入的;内含的;v.嵌入(embed的过去式和过去分词形式);
So again, the notion that a building should just be explicit 那些认为建筑应该直截了当的想法
notion:n.观念;信念;理解; explicit:adj.明确的;清楚的;直率的;详述的;
I think is a false notion, which has reduced architecture into banality . 我认为是错误的 那只能把建筑简化为平庸
banality:n.平凡;陈腐;陈词滥调;
Hand versus the computer. 手绘和电子计算
Of course, what would we be without computers? 当然,今日谁能不用电子计算机呢？
Our whole practice depends on computing . 我们依赖电子计算机来实践许多想法
computing:n.计算;计算机技术;信息处理技术;v.计算;求出;(compute的现在分词)
But the computer should not just be the glove of the hand, the hand should really be the driver of the computing power. 但计算机应该像是手套 手才是真正赐予计算机力量的东西
Because I believe that the hand in all its primitive , in all its physiological obscurity , has a source, though the source is unknown, though we don't have to be mystical about it, we realize that the hand has been given us by forces that are beyond our own autonomy . 因为我相信手 在它原始的、生理的难解下 仍然有种力量。虽然我们不知从何而来 虽然我们不需要故作神秘 我们知道手是由 一种超越我们能力的力量所赐予
primitive:adj.原始的,远古的;简单的,粗糙的;n.原始人; physiological:adj.生理学的,生理的; obscurity:n.朦胧;阴暗;晦涩;身份低微;不分明; mystical:adj.神秘的;神秘主义的; autonomy:n.自治,自治权;
And I think when I draw drawings which may imitate the computer, but are not computer drawings, drawings that can come from sources that are completely not known, not normal, not seen, 我用手描绘的时候 它有可能在模拟计算机,但它仍不同与计算机所绘 它是来自于 一种未见,未知,无解的力量
imitate:v.模仿;仿效;模仿(某人的讲话、举止);作滑稽模仿;
Yet the hand -- and that's what I really, to all of you who are working -- how can we make the computer respond to our hand rather than the hand responding to the computer. 我想告诉在这个领域工作的你们 如何让计算机根据手来描绘 而不是手根据计算机来描绘
responding:v.响应;作出反应;反应灵敏;(respond的现在分词)
I think that's part of what the complexity of architecture is. 我想这也是建筑复杂的一部分
complexity:n.复杂性;难以理解的局势
Because certainly we have gotten used to the propaganda that the simple is the good. But I don't believe it. 因为我们都太习惯于 简单为上的束缚啊。但我不这么想
propaganda:n.宣传;传道总会;
Listening to all of you, the complexity of thought, the complexity of layers of meaning is overwhelming . 听你们演讲,这些复杂的思考 这些意义的多重层次是惊人的
layers:n.层;表层;层次;阶层;v.把…分层堆放;(layer的第三人称单数和复数) overwhelming:adj.势不可挡的; v.压倒; (overwhelm的现在分词)
And I think we shouldn't shy away in architecture, 我们不该在建筑上逃避
You know, brain surgery , atomic theory , genetics , economics are complex complex fields. 脑科手术、原子论 遗传学、经济学 都是一些非常复杂的领域
surgery:n.外科;外科手术;手术室;诊疗室; atomic theory:n.原子论; genetics:n.遗传学;
There is no reason that architecture should shy away and present this illusory world of the simple. 建筑不该逃避 去呈现一个虚假的简单世界
illusory:adj.错觉的;幻影的;虚假的;产生幻觉的;
It is complex. Space is complex. 世界是复杂的。空间是复杂的。
Space is something that folds out of itself into completly new worlds. 空间将自己摺叠成一个新世界
And as wondrous as it is, it can not be reduced to a kind of simplification that we have often come to be admired. 它如此神奇 它不能被简化成那些 我们往往过分赞扬的作品。
simplification:n.简化;简化的事物;
And yet, our lives are complex. 我们的生活是复杂的
Our emotions are complex. 我们的情绪是复杂的
Our intellectual desires are complex. 我们的智趣是复杂的
intellectual:n.知识分子;脑力劳动者;adj.智力的;脑力的;理智的;有才智的;
So I do believe that architecture as I see it needs to mirror that complexity in every single space that we have, in every intimacy that we posses . 我相信建筑应该反应那些 环绕我们的复杂 在我们所有的亲密空间
intimacy:n.亲密;密切;关系密切;性行为; posses:地方武装团队(posse的名词复数); (为某一目的而聚集的)一群人;
Of course that means that architecture is political. 这代表着建筑是政治的
The political is not an enemy of architecture. 政治不是建筑的敌人
The [unclear] is the city. It's all of us together. 政治是城市,是我们所有人
And I've always believed that the act of architecture, even a private house, when somebody else will see it, is a political act. 我往往相信建筑本身 就算是私人住宅,当有人见到它,便成为一个政治行为
Because it will be visible to others. 因为他人也可以看见
visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目;
And we live in a world which is connecting us more and more. 住在一个彼此越来越有关联的世界
So again, the evasion of that sphere which has been so endemic to that that sort of pure architecture, the autonomous architecture that is just an abstract object has never appealed to me. 逃避这个层面 而普遍的选择一种纯粹建筑 那种看上去像个抽象物件,出于自发的建筑, 我从来不感兴趣
evasion:n.逃避;回避;借口; endemic:adj.地方性的;风土的;n.地方病; autonomous:adj.自治的;自主的;自发的; appealed:v.上诉;申诉;有吸引力;呼吁;吁请;恳求;(appeal的过去分词和过去式)
And I do believe that this interaction with the history, with history that is often very difficult, to grapple with it, to create a position that is beyond our normal expectations and to create a critique . 我相信与历史产生的相互作用 和历史对话是困难的 尝试掌握它,创造一个 超越一般预设的立场,成为一种评判
interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰; grapple:v.扭打;搏斗;努力设法解决;n.格斗;紧握;抓机; expectations:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望;(expectation的复数) critique:n.评论文章;评论;v.写评论;对…发表评论;评判;
Because architecture is also the asking of questions. 因为建筑不只是给答案
It's not only the giving of answers. 同时也在发问
It's also, just like life, the asking of questions. 像人生一样。
Therefore it is important that it be real. 重要的是保持真实
You know we can simulate almost anything. 今日我们几乎可以模拟所有东西
simulate:vt.模仿;假装;冒充;adj.模仿的;假装的;
But the one thing that can be ever simulated is the human heart, the human soul. 但有一件事是永远不能模拟的 便是人心,便是人的灵魂
simulated:adj.假装的; v.假装; (simulate的过去式和过去分词)
And architecture is so closely intertwined with it because we are born somewhere and we die somewhere. 建筑和它们息息相关 因为我们生于建筑,死于建筑
intertwined:adj.缠绕的;错综复杂的;v.使缠结,缠绕(intertwine的过去式);
So the reality of architecture is visceral . It's not intellectual. 真正的建筑出自内心,而不是来自学识
visceral:adj.内脏的;出于本能的;发自肺腑的;粗俗的;
It's not something that comes to us from books and theories. 不是来自书本或理论
It's the real, that we touch, the door, the window, the threshold , the bed. 是我们可触碰的真实,一扇门,一扇窗 门槛,床
threshold:n.入口;门槛;开始;极限;临界值;
Such prosaic objects. And yet, 这些平凡的物件
prosaic:adj.平凡的,乏味的;散文体的;
I try, in every building, to take that virtual world, which is so enigmatic and so rich, and create something in the real world. 我在每个作品中尝试把这个 深奥又多元的虚拟世界 带进真实世界中
virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认); enigmatic:adj.神秘的;高深莫测的;谜一般的;
Create a space for an office, a space of sustainability that really works between that virtuality and yet can be realized as something real. 创造一个办公环境 一个永续空间 存在于虚拟世界中 也能在真实世界中存在
sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性;
Unexpected versus habitual . 意外和习惯
Unexpected:adj.意外的,想不到的; habitual:adj.习惯的;惯常的;习以为常的;
What is a habit? It's just a shackle for ourselves. 习惯是什么？不过是一个束缚
shackle:n.束缚;桎梏;脚镣;vt.束缚;加枷锁;
It's a self-induced poison. 拿来饮鸩止渴的毒药
self-induced:adj.自感应的;自诱导的;
So the unexpected is always unexpected. 意外永远是意外
You know, it's true, the cathedrals, as unexpected, will always be unexpected. 就像大教堂,它让人出乎意外 它永远让人意外
You know Frank Gehry's buildings, they will continue to be unexpected in the future. 就像法蘭克蓋里的建筑,它们在未来也会继续出人意外
Frank:adj.坦白的,直率的;老实的;n.免费邮寄特权;v.免费邮寄;
So not the habitual architecture that instills in us the false sort of stability , but an architecture that is full of tension , an architecture that goes beyond itself to reach a human soul and a human heart, and that breaks out of the shackles of habits. 而不是那些我们早已习惯的建筑形态 以它们虚假的稳妥 而是一个充满张力的建筑, 一个超越自己的建筑 它亲近人心和灵魂 突破习惯的枷锁
instills:vt.徐徐滴入;逐渐灌输; stability:n.稳定性;坚定,恒心; tension:n.张力;拉伸;矛盾;紧张局势(或关系,状况);v.绷紧; shackles:n.[法]手铐,[法]脚镣;塞古;
And of course habits are enforced by architecture. 建筑加强了我们的习惯
enforced:adj.强迫的;强制性的;v.强制执行;迫使;(enforce的过去分词和过去式)
When we see the same kind of architecture we become inured in that world of those angles, of those lights, of those materials. 当我们日复一日见到同样的建筑 我们习惯于从这个角度看世界 这些光线,这些材质
inured:adj.习惯的;v.使习惯;有助于;生效(inure的过去分词);
We think the world really looks like our buildings. 我们开始相信世界就像我们看到的这些建筑一样
And yet our buildings are pretty much limited by the techniques and wonders that have been part of them. 但这些建筑却受限于创造者的 技术和想象力
limited:adj.有限的; n.高级快车; v.限制; (limit的过去分词和过去式) techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数)
So again, the unexpected which is also the raw. 意外也是原始
And I often think of the raw and the refined . 我时常想到原始和精练
refined:adj.精制的; v.精炼;
What is raw? The raw, I would say is the naked experience, untouched by luxury , untouched by expensive materials, untouched by the kind of refinement that we associated with high culture. 原始是什么？原始就是 一种纯净的经验,不被奢华 和昂贵的材质影响 不被那些高度文明 所认同的那些精致影响。
naked:adj.裸体的;无装饰的;无证据的;直率的; untouched:adj.未受影响的;未改变的;未触动过的;不受感动的; luxury:n.奢侈,奢华;奢侈品;享受;adj.奢侈的; refinement:n.精制;文雅;[化工][油气][冶]提纯; associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式)
So the rawness , I think, in space, the fact that sustainability can actually, in the future translate into a raw space, a space that isn't decorated , a space that is not mannered in any source, 空间里应用的原始 就像在未来可以 把永续的概念变成原始空间 一个不经装饰的空间 一个不经矫饰的空间
rawness:n.生;无经验;半生不熟; translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; decorated:v.装饰;装潢;粉刷;点缀;装点;(decorate的过去分词和过去式)
but a space that might be cool in terms of its temperature, might be refractive to our desires. 一个凉爽的空间 反应着我们所期望的。
refractive:adj.折射的;
A space that doesn't always follow us like a dog that has been trained to follow us, but moves ahead into directions of demonstrating other possibilities, other experiences, that have never been part of the vocabulary of architecture. 一个不会像一条训练良好的狗 一样跟随着我们的空间 而是带领我们、示范着 其它的可能性,其它的经验 那些在建筑史上从未使用的字眼。
demonstrating:n.演示;v.证明;示威;显示;(demonstrate的现在分词)
And of course that juxtapostion is of great interest to me because it creates a kind of a spark of new energy. 交叉重叠也是我的兴趣 因为它创造一种新的能量
spark:n.火花;电火花;火星;活力;v.引发;触发;冒火花;飞火星;
And so I do like something which is pointed, not blunt , something which is focused on reality, something that has the power, through its leverage , to transform even a very small space. 我喜欢尖锐,而不是迟钝的 那些专注于真实的 那些力量饱满的。借着它来影响 就算只是一个小地方。
blunt:adj.钝的,不锋利的;生硬的;直率的;v.使迟钝; leverage:n.影响力;杠杆作用;杠杆效力;v.举债经营;借贷收购; transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
So architecture maybe is not so big, like science, but through its focal point it can leverage in an Archemedian way what we think the world is really about. 或许建筑不像科学的影响力这么大 但借着这个焦点 可以产生一种阿基米德式的杠杆效应 改变我们对世界的看法
focal point:n.集中点;活动中心;
And often it takes just a building to change our experience of what could be done, what has been done, how the world has remained both inbetween stability and instability . 往往我们只需要一个建筑 来改变我们的经验法则:我们对历史和可能性的看法 世界如何存在于稳定和震荡中
inbetween:n.中间画;中间帧; instability:n.不稳定(性);基础薄弱;不安定;
And of course buildings have their shapes. 建筑都有它们各自的形态
Those shapes are difficult to change. 这些形态是很难改变的
And yet, I do believe in every social space in every public space, there is a desire to communicate more than just that blunt thought, that blunt technique. 但我仍然相信在所有社会 在所有公共空间里 都有一种想要沟通的欲望 而不是模糊的想法,模糊的技术
But something that pinpoints , and can point in various directions forward, backward , sideways and around. 一些能够指出不同方向的 前进、后退、左右或环绕着
pinpoints:vt.查明; adj.精确的; n.针尖; backward:adj.向后的;反向的;发展迟缓的;adv.向后地;相反地; sideways:adv.往一侧;侧着;侧面朝前;
So that is indeed a [unclear] memory. 这是一个共同的记忆
So I believe that my main interest is to memory. 我相信我最大的兴趣便是记忆
Without memory we would be amnesiacs . 没有记忆我们就成了失忆者
amnesiacs:adj.记忆缺失的;遗忘的;n.[内科]健忘症患者;
We would not know which way we were going, and why we are going where we're going. 我们会忘记我们的前进的方向 以及我们选择这个方向的原因
So I've been never interested in the forgettable reuse, rehashing of the same things over and over again . 所以我对那些过目即忘的复制从来不感兴趣 把那些做过的事反反复复地重新排列
forgettable:adj.可忘记的;容易被忘的; rehashing:v.重新推出;以新形式表达旧内容;(rehash的现在分词) over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
Which, of course, get accolades of critics. 当然,它们能得到评论家的赞扬
accolades:n.赞美,表扬(accolade的复数形式);称号;
Critics like the performance to be repeated again and again the same way. 评论家总是喜欢那些一再重复的演出
performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演; again and again:adv.再三地,反复地;
But I rather play something completely unheard of, and even with flaws , than repeat the same thing over and over which has been hollowed by its meaninglessness . 但我宁可演奏一些 前所未有的音符 就算有瑕疵 也不要重复那些被反复演奏的乐章 它们因毫无意义而空洞
unheard:adj.听不到的;未被倾听的;不予理睬的; flaws:n.[材]缺陷;[力]裂缝(flaw的复数);v.有裂纹;使有裂缝(flaw的单三形式); hollowed:空心的;凹陷的; meaninglessness:n.无意义;无道理;
So again, memory is the city, memory is the world. 记忆组成城市,记忆组成世界
Without the memory there would be no story to tell. 没有记忆,也就没有值得诉说的故事
There would be nowhere to turn. 也无路可走
nowhere:v.无处; n.无处; adj.不存在的;
The memorable , I think, is really our world, what we think the world is. 那值得记忆的,是我们的世界,我们对世界的观感
memorable:adj.显著的,难忘的;值得纪念的;
And it's not only our memory, but those who remember us. 那不只是我们的记忆 更是那些记忆我们的人
Which means that architecture is not mute. 建筑不是沉默的
It's an art of communication. 它是一门能够沟通的艺术
It tells a story. The story can reach into obscure desires. 它诉说一个故事。故事深入我们模糊的欲望
obscure:n.朦胧; adj.无名的; v.使模糊;
It can reach into sources that are not explicitly available. 深入那些平日接触不到的资源
explicitly:adv.明确地;明白地;
It can reach into millenia that have been buried, and return them in a just and unexpected equity . 深入那些被埋葬的 千年 让它们回到一个正确而平等的地位。
equity:n.公平,公正;衡平法;普通股;抵押资产的净值;
So again, I think the notion that the best architecture is silent has never appealed to me. 我想,我从来不被 “最好的建筑是沉默的建筑”吸引
Silence maybe is good for a cemetery but not for a city. 一个沉默的坟场是好的,但沉默的城市是不好的
cemetery:n.墓地;公墓;
Cities should be full of vibrations ,full of sound, full of music. 城市应该活跃,充满音乐和声音
vibrations:n.[力]振动;共鸣;动摇(vibration的复数);
And that indeed is the architectural mission that I believe is important, is to create spaces that are vibrant , that are pluralistic , that can transform the most prosaic activities, and raise them to a completely different expectation. 这是一个建筑的任务 我相信创造这样一个 活跃的,多元的 空间 能够把寻常的活动 变得出乎意料
mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教; vibrant:adj.振动的;充满生气的;响亮的;战栗的; pluralistic:adj.兼职的;兼管数个教堂的;
Create a shopping center, a swimming place that is more like a museum than like entertainment. 把一个购物商场、一个游泳池 做得像娱乐场所、像博物馆
And these are our dreams. 这是我们的梦想
And of course risk. I think architecture should be risky. 我认为建筑应该冒险
You know it costs a lot of money and so on, but yes, it should not play it safe . 这要花很多金钱和精力,当然 但不应该保守
play it safe:明哲保身;谨慎行事;
It should not play it safe because if it plays it safe it's not moving us in a direction that we want to be. 我们不应该保守因为保守 不能带我们前进去我们想去的方向
And I think, of course, risk is what underlies the world. 当然 冒险是世界的基础
underlies:vt.成为…的基础;位于…之下;
World without risk would not be worth living. 没有冒险的世界是不值得活的
So yes, I do believe that the risk we take in every building. 是的,我相信在每一个建筑里冒的险都是值得的。
Risks to create spaces that have never been cantilevered to that extent . 冒险去做那些从未悬吊的这样远的空间
cantilevered:adj.悬臂式的; extent:n.程度;范围;长度;
Risks of spaces that have never been so dizzying , as they should be, for a pioneering city. 冒险去做一个前所未有的 迷人灿烂的 像所有城市的先驱。
dizzying:adj.使人眩晕的;使人头昏眼花的;
Risks that really move architecture even with all it's flaws, into a space which is much better that the ever again repeated hollowness of a ready made thing. 那些真正让建筑进步的冒险 就算有它的缺陷,还是好过 一直重复的 空虚的现成品。
hollowness:n.空旷;空虚;凹陷;
And of course that is finally what I believe architecture to be. 这就是我所相信的,建筑的意义。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
It's about space. It's not about fashion. 空间,而不是时尚
It's not about decoration . 也不是装潢
decoration:n.装饰,装潢;装饰品;奖章;
It's about creating with minimal means something which can not be repeated, can not be simulated in any other sphere. 只是希望创造一些 不能被重复的 不能在其它地方被模拟的。
minimal:adj.最低的;最小限度的;
And there of course is the space that we need to breathe, is the space we need to dream. 我们在那里可以呼吸 可以梦想
These are the spaces that are not just luxurious spaces for some of us, but are important for everybody in this world. 这些空间 不只是一些人的奢侈享受 而是对世上每个人都有重要性
luxurious:adj.奢侈的;丰富的;放纵的;特级的;
So again, it's not about the changing fashions, changing theories. 这无关时尚、或是改变理论
It's about carving out a space for trees. 而是为树木创造一个空间
carving:n.雕刻品;雕刻图案;雕像;雕刻术;v.雕刻;把(熟肉)切成块;(carve的现在分词)
It's carving out a space where nature can enter the domestic world of a city. 在空间中创造一个能够迎接大自然的地方 城市中的家居空间
domestic:n.佣人;家佣;家庭纠纷;家庭矛盾;adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的;
A space where something which has never seen a light of day can enter into the innerworkings of a density . 一个从未见光的空间 可以进入城市的密度
enter into:进入;讨论;成为…的一部分;研讨;分享;体谅; density:n.密度;
And I think that is really the nature of architecture. 这就是建筑的本质
Now I am a believer in democracy . 我支持民主
democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治;
I don't like beautiful buildings built for totalitarian regimes . 我不喜欢那些为极权国家 所建造的美丽建筑。
totalitarian:adj.极权主义的;n.极权主义者; regimes:n.政治制度,政权,政体(regime的名词复数);
Where people can not speak, can not vote, can not do anything. 人民不能自由发言,不能投票,什么也不能做
We too often admire those buildings. We think they are beautiful. 我们太常赞扬那些建筑。我们认为它们很美丽
And yet when I think of the poverty of society which doesn't give freedom to its people, 但当我想到这些社会的贫穷 它们无法还给人民自由的状况
poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣;
I don't admire those buildings. 我便无法赞扬这些建筑
So democracy, as difficult as it is, I believe in it. 虽然民主并不容易,我仍然支持它。
And of course, at Ground Zero what else? 911的归零地是一个很好的地标
Ground Zero:"爆心投影点"组织;着地点;
It's such a complex project. 这是一个很复杂的计划
It's emotional. There is so many interests. 很多情绪。很多人感兴趣
It's political. There is so many parties to this project. 它也很政治。许多人参与这个计划。
There is so many interests. There's money. There's political power. 有金钱和权力参与其中
There are emotions of the victims. 有受害者家属的情绪
And yet, in all its messiness , in all its difficulties, 在这些困难和混乱中
messiness:n.乱糟糟;混乱;
I would not have liked somebody to say, "This is the tablua rasa, mister architect. Do whatever you want." 我不希望有人说 “这是一张白纸,建筑师。自由发挥吧。”
I think nothing good will come out of that. 我不认为这样能产出优秀的作品
I think architecture is about consensus . 建筑是一种共识
consensus:n.一致;舆论;合意;
And it is about the dirty word " compromise ." Compromise is not bad. 这都和“妥协”有关。其实妥协并不坏
compromise:n.妥协;折中;互让;和解;v.妥协;违背(原则);达不到(标准);使陷入危险;
Compromise, if it's artistic , if it is able to cope with its strategies -- and there is my first sketch and the left rendering -- it's not that far away. 妥协,如果那是艺术性的 如果那和配合策略有关 这是我的第一个草图,左边是手绘图 两者相差不大
artistic:adj.艺术的;风雅的;有美感的; cope:v.处理;n.大圆衣; strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数) sketch:n.素描;草图;速写;概述;v.概述;简述;画素描;画速写; rendering:n.演奏;扮演;表演;翻译作品;v.使成为;给予;提供;回报;(render的现在分词)
And yet, compromise, consensus, that is what I believe in. 但,妥协,共识 是我的信念
And Ground Zero, despite all its difficulties, it's moving forward. 归零地,无论过程多么困难,它正在推进
despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱;
It's difficult. 2011, 2013. Freedom Tower, the memorial . 这的确困难。2011,2013,自由塔,纪念馆
memorial:adj.纪念的;悼念的;n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念品;
And that is where I end. 我就说到这里。
I was inspired when I came here as an immigrant on a ship like millions of others, looking at America from that point of view . 当我以移民身份像无数人一样坐船 来到这里的时候,这是我的灵感。 从这个角度看美国
immigrant:n.(外来)移民;外侨;adj.侨民的; point of view:观点;见地;立场;
This is America. This is liberty . 这是美国。这是自由。
liberty:n.自由;许可;冒失;
This is what we dream about. Its individuality , demonstrated in the skyline . Its resilience . 这就是我们的梦想。这是独立 从地平线描绘出来的。这是弹性。
individuality:n.个性;个人;个人特征;个人的嗜好(通常复数); demonstrated:v.证明;证实;论证;说明;表达;(demonstrate的过去分词和过去式) skyline:n.地平线;空中轮廓线;架空索;vt.天空映衬出…的轮廓; resilience:n.恢复力;弹力;顺应力;
And finally, it's the freedom that America represents , not just to me, as an immigrant, but to everyone in the world. Thank you. 这就是美国所代表的自由意义 不只是身为移民的我,还有世界上每个人。谢谢大家。
represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数)
(Applause) （掌声）
Chris Anderson: I've got a question. Chris Anderson:我有一个问题
So have you come to peace with the process that happened at Ground Zero and the loss of the original , incredible design that you came up with? 所以你已经不再在意 归零地的发展过程中所发生的一切吗 你不介意失去你原本出色的设计吗？
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的;
Daniel Libeskind: Look. We have to cure ourselves of the notion that we are authoritarian , that we can determine everything that happens. Daniel Libeskind:我们必须要超越 我们自身的独裁 告诉自己我们不可能控制每件事情
authoritarian:adj.独裁主义的;权力主义的;n.权力主义者;独裁主义者; determine:v.决定;确定;测定;查明;形成;影响;裁决;安排;
We have to rely on others, and shape the process in the best way possible. 我们必须互相信赖,然后找出最好的解决方法
rely:vi.依靠;信赖;
I came from the Bronx . I was taught not to be a loser, not to be somebody who just gives up in a fight. 我来自纽约的布朗克斯。我被教导:别做失败者 不要做一个轻言放弃的人
Bronx:n.布朗克斯(纽约市最北端的一区);布朗克斯鸡尾酒;
You have to fight for what you believe. You don't always win everything you want to win. But you can steer the process. 你必须为你的信念奋斗,虽然你不会百战百胜 但你可以影响这个过程
steer:v.引导;控制;操纵;驾驶(船、汽车等);n.建议;劝告;忠告;阉公牛;
And I believe that what will be built at Ground Zero will be meaningful , will be inspiring , will tell other generations of the sacrifices , of the meaning of this event. 我相信归零地上的建筑 将会意义非凡,将会激励人心 并把这次事件的牺牲所带来的意义 生生世世的传扬下去
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的; inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词) sacrifices:n.牺牲,损失; v.牺牲,损失(sacrifice的单三形式);
Not just for New York, but for the world. 不只是纽约,而是全世界。
Chris Anderson: Thank you so much. Chris Anderson:非常谢谢你。
(Applause) （掌声）