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DanPhillips_2010X-_利用回收材料建造新型房屋_
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
I have a few pictures, and I'll talk a little bit about how I'm able to do what I do. 我有一些图片, 而且我会谈些 我怎么能够做成我现在所从事的事情。
All these houses are built from between 70 and 80 percent recycled material, stuff that was headed to the mulcher , the landfill , the burn pile . 这些房子都是用 百分之七十到八十的回收材料建成的, 像是处理到土壤上,垃圾掩埋,燃烧坑。
recycled:n.再生纸;回收站;adj.[环境]回收利用的;可循环再造的; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: mulcher:n.表土疏松机;土壤覆盖机; landfill:n.垃圾填埋地;垃圾堆; pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置;
It was all just gone. 这些都过去了。
This is the first house I built. 这是我建造的第一个房子。
This double front door here with the three-light transom that was headed to the landfill. 这个双门带着一个三个透光口的门楣, 是从垃圾填埋场获得的。
transom:n.横梁,横楣;[建]气窗;
Have a little turret there. 那是个小塔楼。
turret:n.炮塔;角楼;小塔;攻城用仰冲车;
And then these buttons on the corbels here. 看阶梯状的屋檐边得几个按钮 -
Right there -- those are hickory nuts. 就在那里 - 那些是山核桃果。
hickory:n.山核桃木;山核桃属植物(北美产的);
And these buttons there -- those are chicken eggs. 那里的按钮, 是鸡蛋。
Of course, first you have breakfast, and then you fill the shell full of Bondo and paint it and nail it up, and you have an architectural button in just a fraction of the time. 当然,你要先吃早餐, 然后你用Bondo将蛋壳填充,画上图形并且固定好, 然后你在很少的时间内 就完成了一个建筑用的按钮了。
shell:n.壳;炮弹;壳层;骨架;v.脱壳;剥壳;采集贝壳;用壳体包被;short.shewill; architectural:adj.建筑学的;建筑上的;符合建筑法的; fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量;
Then, this is a look at the inside. 这是内部的样子。
You can see the three-light transom there with the eyebrow windows -- certainly an architectural antique headed to the landfill. 你能看到那里三个透光口的门楣 和眉窗 - 当然是古典的建筑。 从垃圾填埋场获得的。
eyebrow:n.眉;眉毛; antique:adj.古老的; n.古董; vi.觅购古玩;
Even the lockset is probably worth 200 dollars. 甚至这个锁可能也值200美元。
Everything in the kitchen was salvaged . 厨房里所有的东西都是回收来的。
salvaged:v.打捞,营救;抢救;挽救;挽回(salvage的过去分词和过去式)
There's a 1952 O'Keefe & Merritt stove , if you like to cook -- cool stove. 这是1952年的O*Keefe & Merritt的灶台, 如果你喜欢烹饪的话 - 很好的灶台。
stove:n.火炉;窑;烘房;[园]温室;v.用火炉烤[烘干];把…放入温室内培育;
This is going up into the turret. 登上楼。
I got that staircase for 20 dollars, including delivery to my lot. 我用20美元买的楼梯, 包括运费。
staircase:n.楼梯; delivery:n.[贸易]交付;分娩;递送;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then, looking up in the turret, you see there are bulges and pokes and sags and so forth. 然后,在塔楼向上看, 你看到凹凸不平的设计。
bulges:n.凸起;膨胀(bulge的复数);v.凸出;膨胀(bulge的第三人称单数形式); pokes:v.推;捅;戳;探;露出;伸出;探出;(poke的第三人称单数) sags:v.凹陷;减少;下垂(sag的第三人称单数形式);n.下垂;下跌(sag的复数形式);
Well, if that ruins your life, well then you shouldn't live there. 如果这破坏了你的生活, 你不应当住在那里。
ruins:n.遗迹(ruin的复数形式);废墟;v.毁灭(ruin的三单形式);
(Laughter) （笑声）
This is a laundry chute , and this right here is a shoe last. 这是洗衣房, 右面的最后是鞋楦。
laundry:n.洗衣店,洗衣房;要洗的衣服;洗熨;洗好的衣服; chute:n.瀑布;斜槽;降落伞;陡坡道;
And those are those cast-iron things you see at antique shops. 那些铁制东西是古董店中的才能看到的东西。
cast-iron:adj.铸铁的;坚固的;顽强的;严格的;
So I had one of those, so I made some low-tech gadgetry , there, where you just stomp on the shoe last and then the door flies open, you throw your laundry down. 所以我弄了其中的一个, 所以我做了几个简单的小玩意 就在你踩在鞋楦的那个地方, 门就打开,你可以将你要洗的衣服扔下去。
low-tech:adj.低技术的; gadgetry:n.小配件;小玩意;小机件; stomp:v.迈着重重的步子走(或跳舞、移动);
And then if you're smart enough, it goes on a basket on top of the washer . 然后如果你够聪明的话,会到洗衣机上面的篮子里。
washer:n.[机]垫圈;洗涤器;洗衣人;
If not, it goes into the toilet. 否则,会到马桶里。
(Laughter) （笑声）
This is a bathtub I made, made out of scrap two-by-four here. 这是我做的浴缸, 用二乘四的废料做成的。
bathtub:n.浴缸; scrap:n.碎片;残余物;打架;少量;v.废弃;使解体;拆毁;adj.废弃的;零碎的; two-by-four:adj.不大的,小的;长宽为二寸与四寸的;n.宽四寸厚二尺的木材;
Started with a rim there and then glued and nailed it up into a flat, corbelled it up and flipped it over, then did the two profiles on this side. 先是弄出个轮廓 然后粘起来固定成一个平面, 支撑起来,再翻过来, 然后再在这一边弄两个面。
rim:n.边,边缘;轮辋;圆圈;vi.作…的边,装边于;vt.作…的边,装边于; glued:v.(用胶水)粘合,粘牢,粘贴(glue的过去分词和过去式) flipped:v.(使)快速翻转;按(开关);轻掷;(flip的过去分词和过去式) profiles:n.配置文件; v.扼要描述;
It's a two-person tub. 这是一个两人用的浴缸。
After all, it's not just a question of hygiene , but there's a possibility of recreation as well. 毕竟,这不仅仅是卫生的问题, 而也是一种娱乐的可能。
hygiene:n.卫生;卫生学;保健法; recreation:n.娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动;游戏;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then, this faucet here is just a piece of Osage Orange. 这个水龙头 是桑橙树的一部分。
faucet:n.旋塞;插口;
It looks a little phallic , but after all, it's a bathroom. 这看起来有些像生殖器, 但毕竟这只是个浴室。
phallic:adj.阴茎的;生殖器的;阳物崇拜的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then, this is a house based on a Budweiser can. 这是一个建立在百威啤酒瓶基础上的房子。
It doesn't look like a can of beer, but the design take-offs are absolutely unmistakable . 这看上去并不像是啤酒瓶, 但是从设计上是完全无误的。
take-offs:n.起飞; absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; unmistakable:adj.明显的;不会弄错的;
The barley hops design worked up into the eaves , then the dentil work comes directly off the can's red, white, blue and silver . 啤酒花的设计直到屋檐下, 然后白色的部分直接从瓶子的红色,白色,蓝色和银色部分分离出来。
barley:n.大麦; hops:n.啤酒花; eaves:n.屋檐;凸出的边缘; dentil:n.齿状装饰(等于dentel,denticle,denticule); directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; silver:n.银; v.给…镀(或包)银; adj.银色的;
Then, these corbeles going down underneath the eaves are that little design that comes off the can. 这些阶梯顺着屋檐向下 都是从瓶子外观想到的小设计。
underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的;
I just put a can on a copier and kept enlarging it until I got the size I want. 我只把瓶子放在复印机上 持续地放大直到得到我想要的尺寸。
copier:n.复印机(等于copyingmachine);抄写员;模仿者;
Then, on the can it says, "This is the famous Budweiser beer, we know of no other beer, blah , blah , blah." 然后,瓶子上写着, “这是著名的百威啤酒,我们不知道有其他的啤酒,怎么样...怎么样。”
blah:n.废话;空话;瞎说;int.废话;
So we changed that and put, "This is the famous Budweiser house. 所以我们改变成,“这是著名的百威房子。
We don't know of any other house," and so forth and so on. 我们不知道有其他这样的房子,”怎么样...怎么样。
Then, this is a deadbolt . It's a fence from a 1930s shaper , which is a very angry woodworking machine. 这是门拴。曾经是1930年成型机的围栏, 用木工机器。
deadbolt:n.门栓; shaper:n.[电子]整形器,脉冲整形器;[机]牛头刨床;造型者;塑造者; woodworking:n.木工;[木]木工活;adj.干木工活的;
And they gave me the fence, but they didn't give me the shaper, so we made a deadbolt out of it. 他们给了我这个围栏,但是他们没给我成型机, 所以我们用它做了个门拴。
That'll keep bull elephants out, I promise. 这可以将强壮的大象拦在外面,我保证。
bull:n.废话;公牛;彪形大汉;v.大量买进以期抬高价格;吓唬;
And sure enough, we've had no problems with bull elephants. 并且确定的是,我们不会跟强壮的大象有矛盾。
(Laughter) （笑声）
The shower is intended to simulate a glass of beer. 这个淋浴是模仿一瓶酒。
intended:adj.预定的;计划的;v.打算;计划;想要;(intend的过去分词和过去式) simulate:vt.模仿;假装;冒充;adj.模仿的;假装的;
We've got bubbles going up there, then suds at the top with lumpy tiles . 泡沫从那里上去,然后是有着泡沫的破碎的瓷砖。
bubbles:n.泡; v.起泡; (bubble的第三人称单数和复数) suds:n.肥皂泡沫;啤酒 lumpy:adj.粗笨的;波浪起伏的;多块状物的; tiles:n.[建]瓷砖(tile的复数形式);v.铺砖(tile的第三人称单数形式);
Where do you get lumpy tiles? Well, of course, you don't. 我们是从哪里得到这些瓷砖的呢？当然,你得不到。
But I get a lot of toilets, and so you just dispatch a toilet with a hammer , and then you have lumpy tiles. 但是我有很多卫生间,所以你就用锤子打坏一个卫生间, 然后你就有破碎的瓷砖了。
dispatch:n.派遣;急件;vt.派遣;分派; hammer:n.锤子; v.锤打;
And then the faucet, there, is a beer tap. 那里的水龙头 是一个啤酒栓子。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then, this panel of glass is the same panel of glass that occurs in every middle-class front door in America. 然后这种玻璃面板 跟美国中产阶级家的正门所用的 玻璃面板一样。
panel:n.镶板;仪表盘;钣金;(衣服上的)镶条;v.镶板(用木或玻璃板等镶嵌或装饰); occurs:v.重现(occur的第三人称单数); middle-class:adj.中产阶级的;中层社会的;
We're getting tired of it. It's kind of cliched now. 我们觉得现在这有点俗。
cliched:陈词滥调;
So if you put it in the front door, your design fails. 所以如果你将它放到正门,你的设计就失败了。
So don't put it in the front door; put it somewhere else. 所以不要放到正门,而是放到其他的什么地方。
It's a pretty panel of glass. 这是块很好的玻璃面板。
But then if you put it in the front door, people say, "Oh, you're trying to be like those guys, and you didn't make it." 但是如果你放到正门, 人们会说,“你在模仿其他人,不是你设计的。”
So don't put it there. 所以不要放到那里。
Then, another bathroom upstairs. 楼上还有一个浴室。
This light up here is the same light that occurs in every middle-class foyer in America. 浴室的灯是跟 在每一个美国中产家庭的门厅里的灯一模一样。
foyer:n.门厅,休息室;大厅;
Don't put it in the foyer. 所以不要放到门厅里。
Put it in the shower, or in the closet , but not in the foyer. 要放到浴室里,或者壁橱里, 但是不要放到门厅里。
closet:n.贮藏室;壁橱adj.隐藏(身份等)的;v.把…关在房间里;
Then, somebody gave me a bidet , so it got a bidet. 有人给了我一个浴盆,所以我就放了个浴盆。
bidet:n.[建]坐浴盆;
(Laughter) （笑声）
This little house here, those branches there are made out of Bois D'arc or Osage Orange, and these pictures will keep scrolling as I talk a little bit. 这个小房子, 这些树枝是用桑橙树做成的, 这些图片持续滚动 在我说话的时候。
Bois:n.木香,本香; scrolling:v.滚屏;滚动;(scroll的现在分词)
In order to do what I do, you have to understand what causes waste in the building industry. 为了做我在做的事情, 你必须明白 是什么制造了建筑业的废料。
Our housing has become a commodity , and I'll talk a little bit about that. 我们的房屋变成了商品, 我要简单地说下这个。
commodity:n.商品,货物;日用品;
But the first cause of waste is probably even buried in our DNA. 但是造成废物的第一个原因可能就在我们DNA里埋藏着。
Human beings have a need for maintaining consistency of the apperceptive mass . 人类需要保持连续性 为了别人的感知。
maintaining:n.维护;保养;v.维持;保养;(maintain的现在分词) consistency:n.[计]一致性;稠度;相容性; mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集;
What does that mean? 这是什么意思呢？
What it means is, for every perception we have, it needs to tally with the one like it before, or we don't have continuity , and we become a little bit disoriented . 这是说,对于我们的每个感觉, 这需要和之前的相吻合, 否则我们将失去连续性, 并且我们将变得失去方向。
perception:n.感知;知觉;看法;洞察力; tally:n.计数器;标签;记账;vt.使符合;计算;记录;vi.一致;记分; continuity:n.连续性;一连串;分镜头剧本; disoriented:adj.无判断力的; v.使迷失方向; (disorient的过去时和过去分词)
So I can show you an object you've never seen before. 所以我给你们看一个你们之前没见过的东西。
Oh, that's a cell phone. 这是个手机。
But you've never seen this one before. 但是你之前从没见过。
What you're doing is sizing up the pattern of structural features here, and then you go through your databanks -- brrrr, cell phone. 你现在做的 就是扩大这个结构, 然后从你的数据库中知道这是个手机。
structural:adj.结构的;建筑的; databanks:n.数据库;
Oh, that's a cell phone. 这是个手机。
If I took a bite out of it, you'd go, "Wait a second. 如果我拿走一部分, 你会说,“等一下。
That's not a cell phone. 那不是个手机。
That's one of those new chocolate cell phones." 那是新型巧克力手机的一种。”
(Laughter) （笑声）
And you'd have to start a new category , right between cell phones and chocolate. 你需要创造一个新的类别, 在手机和巧克力之间。
category:n.种类,分类;[数]范畴;
That's how we process information. 这是我们处理信息的方式。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
So you translate that to the building industry, if we have a wall of windowpanes and one pane is cracked , we go, "Oh, dear. That's cracked. Let's repair it. 所以你可以这样理解建筑业, 如果我们有一面玻璃窗,其中的一扇窗子坏了, 我们说,“天啊。这个坏了。修吧。
translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; windowpanes:n.窗玻璃; cracked:adj.疯狂;破裂的;有裂纹的;v.破裂;裂开;断裂;(crack的过去分词和过去式)
Let's take it out. Throw it away so nobody can use it and put a new one in." 扔掉这个,这样没人能够再用它并装上个新的。”
Because that's what you do with a cracked pane. 因为这是你处理破窗户的方式。
Never mind that it doesn't affect our lives at all. 但是这并不影响我们的生活。
Never mind:没关系;
It only rattles that expected pattern and unity of structural features. 这只是影响了我们期待的图案 和结构的统一。
rattles:v.(使)发出咔嗒的声音;使紧张;使恐惧;(rattle的第三人称单数) unity:n.团结;一致;联合;个体;
However, if we took a small hammer, and we added cracks to all the other windows, then we have a pattern. 但是,如果我们拿一个小锤子, 在其他窗户上都加上裂缝, 我们就有了图案。
cracks:n.裂纹; v.破裂; (crack的第三人称单数和复数)
Because Gestalt Psychology emphasizes recognition of pattern over parts that comprise a pattern. 因为完全形态心理学强调对于图案的认知 而不是组成图案的部分。
Gestalt:n.[心理]完形;完全形态; Psychology:n.心理学;心理状态; emphasizes:v.强调;重视;着重;使突出;使明显;(emphasize的第三人称单数) recognition:n.识别;认识;承认;认可; comprise:vt.包含;由…组成;
We'll go, "Ooh, that's nice." 我们会说,“这很好。”
So, that serves me every day. 所以,这是我每天所做的。
Repetition creates pattern. 重复创造了图案。
Repetition:n.重复;重做;重说;重做的事;重说的话;
If I have a hundred of these, a hundred of those, it doesn't make any difference what these and those are. 如果我有一百个这些,一百个那些, 这并不影响这个或那个是什么。
If I can repeat anything, I have the possibility of a pattern from hickory nuts and chicken eggs, shards of glass, branches. 如果我可以重复任何事,我就能够创造图案, 从山核桃果和鸡蛋,玻璃片,树枝中。
shards:陶瓷碎片;
It doesn't make any difference. 这并没改变什么。
That causes a lot of waste in the building industry. 这造成了建筑业中很多的废料。
Second is, Friedrich Nietzsche along about 1885 wrote a book titled "The Birth of Tragedy ." 第二,Friedrich Nietzsche在1885年 写了本书叫“悲剧的产生”。
Nietzsche:n.尼采(德国哲学家); Tragedy:n.悲惨的事;不幸;灾难;悲剧作品;
And in there he said that cultures tend to swing between one of two perspectives . 在书里他说 文化在两种看法中徘徊。
perspectives:n.[数]透视,远景,看法;构面;观点展示(perspective的复数形式);
On the one hand , we have an Apollonian perspective, which is very crisp and premeditated and intellectualized and perfect. 一方面,我们有阿波罗的看法, 非常清楚而且规定好的 并且是理智的 而且是完美的。
On the one hand:一方面; crisp:adj.脆的;新鲜的;易碎的;v.使卷曲;使发脆;n.松脆物;油炸马铃薯片; premeditated:adj.预谋的; v.预谋; (premeditate的过去式和过去分词)
On the other end of the spectrum , we have a Dionysian perspective, which is more given to the passions and intuition , tolerant of organic texture and human gesture . 另一方面,我们有酒神的看法, 更多得强调感情和直觉, 对自然的结构和人类习俗的容忍。
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; passions:n.强烈情感;激情;盛怒;(passion的复数) intuition:n.直觉;直觉力;直觉的知识; tolerant:adj.宽容的;容忍的;有耐药力的; organic:adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;绿色的;有机物的;n.分子有机体; texture:n.质地;纹理;结构;本质,实质; gesture:n.手势;姿势;示意动作;表示;v.做手势;用手势表示;
So the way the Apollonian personality takes a picture, or hangs a picture, is they'll get out a transit and a laser level and a micrometer . 所以用阿波罗特性的方式拍照片, 或者挂个照片, 是很细致 微妙的。
personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; transit:n.运输;经过;v.运送;经过; micrometer:n.千分尺,测微计;
'"Okay, honey. A thousandth of an inch to the left. “好的,亲爱的。向左千分之一英尺。
That's where we want the picture. Right. Perfect." 这是我们拍照片的地方。对。好极了。”
Predicated on plumb level, square and centered. 建立在好的基础,正方正中。
Predicated:adj.断言的,断定的;v.断言;断定(predicate的过去式); plumb:vt.使垂直; n.垂直; v.恰恰,正; vi.当管子工; adj.垂直的;
The Dionysian personality takes the picture and goes ... 酒神的特性 只是找个照片……
(Laughter) （笑声）
That's the difference. 那就是不同之处。
I feature blemish . 我描述污点。
blemish:n.瑕疵;污点;缺点;vt.玷污;损害;弄脏;
I feature organic process. 我描述有机过程 -
Dead-center John Dewey. 正好是John Dewey。
Apollonian mindset creates mountains of waste. 阿波罗的看法创造了大量的废料。
mindset:n.心态;倾向;习惯;精神状态;
If something isn't perfect, if it doesn't line up with that premeditated model, dumpster . 如果有什么东西不完美, 如果跟预期的模型吻合,扔掉。
dumpster:n.大型垃圾装卸卡车;垃圾大铁桶;
'"Oops, scratch , dumpster." “呃,有划痕,扔掉。
scratch:n.擦伤; adj.打草稿用的; v.抓;
'"Oops" this, "oops" that. "Landfill. Landfill. Landfill." 这个,那个。垃圾。垃圾。垃圾。”
The third thing is arguably -- the Industrial Revolution started in the Renaissance with the rise of humanism , then got a little jump-start along about the French Revolution. 第三件事是值得商榷的 - 工业革命开始于文艺复兴 和人文主义的兴起 然后导致了法国革命。
arguably:v.可论证地; Industrial Revolution:n.工业革命; Renaissance:n.文艺复兴(欧洲14至17世纪); humanism:n.人道主义;adj.人文主义的;人道主义的; jump-start:v.强力推动;快速启动;助推启动;n.助推启动法
By the middle of the 19th century, it's in full flower. 19世纪中期,这些在蓬勃发展。
And we have dumaflages and gizmos and contraptions that will do anything that we, up to that point, had to do my hand. 然后我们有了各种各样的东西 可以做任何事情 那些我们,直到那个时候, 需要自己动手做的东西。
gizmos:n.新玩艺,小物件;线框;小装置(gizmo的复数形式); contraptions:n.奇妙的装置;精巧的设计;
So now we have standardized materials. 所以现在我们有标准化的东西。
standardized:adj.标准的; v.使合乎标准;
Well, trees don't grow two inches by four inches, eight, ten and twelve feet tall. 树不是长在两英寸乘四英寸的范围内 不是八英尺,10英尺和12英尺那样高。
We create mountains of waste. 我们创造了大量的废料。
And they're doing a pretty good job there in the forest, working all the byproduct of their industry -- with OSB and particle board and so forth and so on -- but it does no good 他们就被扔在 森林里, 和工业的副产品 - 还有定向结构刨花板和碎木板等等 - 但是这并没有
byproduct:n.副产品; particle:n.颗粒;[物]质点;极小量;小品词;
to be responsible at the point of harvest in the forest if consumers are wasting the harvest at the point of consumption , and that's what's happening. 对采伐森林负责 如果消费者们浪费掉这些用以消耗的伐木, 那就是现在发生的事情。
responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的; at the point of:靠近;正要; consumers:n.消费者;顾客;用户;(consumer的复数) consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨;
And so if something isn't standard, "Oops, dumpster." "Oops" this. "Oops, warped ." 如果有一些事情不符合标准, “垃圾。这个, 变形了。”
warped:adj.弯曲的;反常的;v.弄歪(warp的过去式和过去分词);
If you buy a two-by-four and it's not straight, you can take it back. 如果你要二乘四的而不是直的, 你可以将它取回来。
'"Oh, I'm so sorry, sir. We'll get you a straight one." “对不起。我们会给你做个直的。”
Well I feature all those warped things because repetition creates pattern, and it's from a Dionysian perspective. 我把这些变形了的东西, 因为重复创造图案, 这是从酒神的角度来说。
The fourth thing is labor is disproportionately more expensive than materials. 第四件事 是劳动力不成比例得比材料贵得多。
disproportionately:adv.不成比例地;
Well, that's just a myth . 这只是个事情。
myth:n.神话;虚构的人,虚构的事;
And here's a story: Jim Tulles, one of the guys I trained, 现在是个故事:Jim Tulles,我训练的一个人,
I said, "Jim, it's time now. 我说,“Jim,现在是时候了。
I got a job for you as a foreman on a framing crew. It's time for you to go." 我为你找了个构架队的工头职务。你现在可以去了。”
foreman:n.领班;陪审团主席; framing:v.给…做框;作伪证陷害;制订;拟订;n.框架;结构;骨骼;(frame的现在分词)
'"Dan, I just don't think I'm ready." “Dan,我不认为我准备好了。”
'"Jim, now it's time. You're the down, oh." “Jim,现在是时候了。你要走了。”
So we hired on. 然后我们开始了。
And he was out there with his tape measure going through the trash heap, looking for header material, which is the board that goes over a door, thinking he'd impress his boss -- that's how we taught him to do it. 他在外面用他的皮尺 在垃圾堆里寻找顶梁的材料 - 就是门上的木板 - 想着他能令老板刮目相看 - 这是我们教他的。
tape measure:n.卷尺;皮尺; trash:n.垃圾;废物;v.丢弃;修剪树枝; header:n.头球;页眉;数据头;收割台; impress:v.盖印;强征;传送;给予某人深刻印象;
And the superintendent walked up and said, "What are you doing?" 主管走过去说,“你在做什么？”
superintendent:n.监督人;负责人;主管;指挥者;
'"Oh, just looking for some header material," “只是找些顶梁的材料”,
waiting for that kudos . 等待赞誉。
kudos:n.荣誉;名望;称赞;
He said, "No, no. I'm not paying you to go through the trash. Get back to work." 他说,“不,不。我不是雇你在垃圾里找东西。回去工作。”
And he had the wherewithal to say, he said, "You know, if you were paying me 300 dollars an hour, 他很必要地说, 他说,“你知道,如果你付我 300美元一小时,
wherewithal:n.必要的资金(或手段);adv.用什么;conj.用以(等于wherewith);
I can see how you might say that, but right now, I'm saving you five dollars a minute. 我能够想像你会这样说, 但是现在,我每分钟为你节省了5美元。
Do the math ." 自己算算吧”
Do the math:盘算一下;
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"Good call, Tulles. From now on , you guys hit this pile first." “好的,Tulles。从现在开始,你们先从这堆开始。”
From now on:从今以后;从现在起;
And the irony is that he wasn't very good at math. 具有讽刺意味的是他并不擅长数学。
irony:n.讽刺;反语;具有讽刺意味的事;adj.铁的;似铁的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But once in a while you get access to the control room, and then you can kind of mess with the dials. 有些时候当你去控制室时, 你要处理电话。
once in a while:偶尔;有时; mess:n.混乱;餐厅;杂乱;肮脏;v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱;随地便溺;
And that's what happened there. 这就是在那里发生的故事。
The fifth thing is that maybe, after 2,500 years, 第五件事是可能2500年后,
Plato is still having his way with us in his notion of perfect forms. 柏拉图关于完美形式的表述仍然适用。
Plato:n.柏拉图(古希腊哲学家); notion:n.观念;信念;理解;
He said that we have in our noggin the perfect idea of what we want, and we force environmental resources to accommodate that. 他说我们对于想要什么的完美的想法 就在我们的脑子里, 我们利用自然资源来实现它。
noggin:n.小杯;少量饮料; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); accommodate:vt.容纳;使适应;供应;调解;vi.适应;调解;
So we all have in our head the perfect house, the American dream , which is a house, the dream house. 所以我们想象着完美的房子, 美国梦,是个房子 - 梦想中的房子。
American dream:n.美国梦(美国人传统的价值观和社会标准,如民主、权利平等和财富);
The problem is we can't afford it. 问题是我们负担不起。
afford:v.给予,提供;买得起;
So we have the American dream look-alike , which is a mobile home. 所以我们的美国人的梦都差不多, 是个活动房子。
look-alike:n.外形酷似之人;adj.极为相像的; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的;
Now there's a blight on the planet. 现在星球上有些阴影。
blight:n.枯萎病;荒芜;vt.破坏;使…枯萎;vi.枯萎;
It's a chattel mortgage , just like furniture , just like a car. 这是动产抵押 就像家具,就象汽车。
chattel:n.动产;奴隶(常用复数); mortgage:vt.抵押;n.抵押;房屋抵押贷款; furniture:n.家具;设备;储藏物;
You write the check, and instantly it depreciates 30 percent. 你付款后马上就贬值百分之三十。
depreciates:vt.使贬值;贬低;轻视;vi.贬值;轻视;贬低;
After a year, you can't get insurance on everything you have in it, only on 70 percent. 一年之后,保险就没了, 只有百分之七十。
insurance:n.保险;保险业;保险费;保费;adj.胜券在握的;
Wired with 14-gauge wire typically . 一般是用标号14的电线。
typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地;
Nothing wrong with that, unless you ask it to do what 12-gauge wire's supposed to do, and that's what happens. 这没什么错, 除非你要求用标号12的线, 这是正在发生的事情。
supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
It out-gasses formaldehyde so much so that there is a federal law in place to warn new mobile home buyers of the formaldehyde atmosphere danger. 由于大量的甲醛释放导致 联邦法律 向新的移动房屋的购买者 警告存在的甲醛危险。
formaldehyde:n.蚁醛,[有化]甲醛; federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地; buyers:n.[贸易]买主;买方市场;采购者;购货者(buyer的复数); atmosphere:n.大气;气氛;气压;风格;
Are we just being numbingly stupid? 我们是否这么蠢呢？
The walls are this thick. 墙只有这么厚。
The whole thing has the structural value of corn. 整个就只有玉米的结构价值。
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"So I thought Palm Harbor Village was over there." “所以我认为Palm Harbor村庄在那里。”
Palm:n.手掌;手心;棕榈树;v.把…藏在手中(尤指玩戏法); Harbor:n.港口;港湾;(比喻)避难所;[军]坦克掩蔽场;v.停泊;包含;隐匿;怀抱(恶意);
'"No, no. We had a wind last night. “不。昨晚上刮了风。
It's gone now." 现在没了。”
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then when they degrade , what do you do with them? 然后质量降低了,你该怎么办呢？
degrade:v.降低…身份;使受屈辱;(使)退化,降解;分解;降低;
Now, all that, that Apollonian, Platonic model, is what the building industry is predicated on, and there are a number of things that exacerbate that. 现在, 阿波罗,柏拉图的模型, 是建筑业的前提, 然后还有一些事情加剧着这个。
Platonic:adj.理想的;柏拉图哲学的;不切实际的;纯精神友谊的; exacerbate:vt.使加剧;使恶化;激怒;
One is that all the professionals , all the tradesmen , vendors , inspectors , engineers, architects all think like this. 一个是所有的从业者, 所有的零售商,供应商, 检验者,工程师,建筑师 都这样想。
professionals:n.[管理]专业人员(professional的复数); tradesmen:商人; vendors:n.供应商,销售商(vendor的复数); inspectors:n.[经管]检查员,巡视员(inspector的复数形式);检查器; architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数);
And then it works its way back to the consumer, who demands the same model. 最后又回到了消费者 他们需要同样的模型。
It's a self-fulfilling prophecy . We can't get out of it. 这是一个自我加固的循环。我们走不出去。
self-fulfilling:adj.实现自己抱负的,自我实现的; prophecy:n.预言;预言书;预言能力;
Then here come the marketeers and the advertisers . 然后就是商人和广告商。
marketeers:n.市场商人; advertisers:n.广告商(advertiser的复数形式);
'"Woo. Woohooo." “啊。啊。”
We buy stuff we didn't know we needed. 我们买了我们并不需要的东西。
All we have to do is look at what one company did with carbonated prune juice. 我们所需要做的就是看着 一个公司如何销售西梅味的汽水。
carbonated:adj.碳化的,碳酸的;含二氧化碳的; prune:vi.删除;减少;vt.修剪;删除;剪去;n.深紫红色;傻瓜;李子干;
How disgusting . 真恶心。
disgusting:adj.令人不快的;令人厌恶的;v.使作呕;使厌恶;使反感;(disgust的现在分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
But you know what they did? They hooked a metaphor into it and said, "I drink Dr. Pepper ..." 但是你认为他们干了什么呢？他们用个比喻 说道,“我喝着Pepper博士……”
hooked:adj.弯曲的; v.(使)钩住,挂住; (hook的过去分词和过去式) metaphor:n.暗喻,隐喻;比喻说法; Pepper:n.胡椒;辣椒;胡椒粉;v.加胡椒粉于;使布满;
And pretty soon, we're swilling that stuff by the lake-ful, by the billions of gallons . 很快的我们就开始畅饮这种饮料, 数几十亿加仑。
swilling:n.泔水;冲洗;痛饮;涮;vt.冲洗;痛饮;涮;倒出;vi.大口地喝;发激荡声; gallons:n.加仑;大量(gallon的复数);一加仑的容器;
It doesn't even have real prunes . Doesn't even keep you regular. 它并不含有真正的西梅 - 更不会使你正常的。
prunes:n.西梅;干梅子(prune的复数);v.砍掉;修剪(prune的第三人称单数形式);
(Laughter) （笑声）
My oh my, that makes it worse. 这是更糟的了。
And we get sucked into that faster than anything. 我们在这个事情上停滞不前的速度比在任何其他事上都要快。
sucked:v.吸,吮;吸收;吞没;(suck的过去分词和过去式)
Then a man named Jean-Paul Sartre wrote a book titled "Being and Nothingness ." 一个人叫Jean-Paul Sartre写了这本书 叫“存在和不存在”。
Nothingness:n.虚无,不存在;空白;不存在的状态;
It's a pretty quick read. 只是一个快速阅读。
You can snap through it in maybe two years if you read eight hours a day. 两年内能够读完, 如果一天读8个小时。
snap:v.断裂;移到某位置;厉声说;n.啪嗒声;(尤指抢拍的)照片;adj.仓促的;
In there he talked about the divided self. 书中他谈论了分裂的性格。
He said human beings act differently when they know they're alone than when they know somebody else is around. 他说人们在独处的时候和跟同别人在一起时 会表现得不一样。
So if I'm eating spaghetti , and I know I'm alone, 所以如果我在吃意大利面,我知道只有我一个人的时候,
spaghetti:n.意大利式细面条;
I can eat like a backhoe . 我可以狼吞虎咽。
backhoe:n.反向铲;挖沟机;
I can wipe my mouth on my sleeve , napkin on the table, chew with my mouth open, make little noises, scratch wherever I want. 我可以用袖子擦嘴 - （虽然）餐巾纸就在桌上, 张着嘴咀嚼,发出声音, 想吃什么就吃什么。
wipe:v.擦;抹;拭;消除;n.擦;拭;揩;(湿)抹布; sleeve:n.袖子;套管;有…袖子的;唱片套;v.给…装袖子; napkin:n.餐巾;餐巾纸;尿布;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But as soon as you walk in, 但是当你进来时,
as soon as:一…就;
I go, "Ooh. Spaghetti sauce there." 我会这样,“意大利面汁在那里。”
sauce:n.酱;调味汁;讨厌的话(或举动);v.给…加滋味;(俚)对…说冒昧话;
Napkin in my lap, half bites, chew with my mouth closed, no scratching . 将餐巾纸放在腿上,半口嚼, 闭着嘴吃饭,不随意挑东西吃。
scratching:v.划伤;擦伤;刮痕;(scratch的现在分词)
Now what I'm doing is fulfilling your expectations of how I should live my life. 我现在做的 就是满足你们的期望 关于我如何来过我的生活。
expectations:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望;(expectation的复数)
I feel that expectation, and so I accommodate it, and I'm living my life according to what you expect me to do. 我感觉到这种期望, 所以我会实现它, 我的生活是根据你们对我的期望而定。
according to:根据,据说;
That happens in the building industry as well. 这在建筑业也是一样。
That's why all of our subdivisions look the same. 这是为什么我们的小区看上去都一样。
subdivisions:n.细分;再分成的部分;住宅小区(subdivision的复数);
Sometimes we even have these formalized cultural expectations. 有时我们甚至 有固定文化的需求。
formalized:adj.形式化的; v.使正式; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的;
I'll bet all your shoes match. 我打赌你们的鞋都相配。
bet:n.打赌;赌注;预计;估计;v.下赌注(于);用…打赌;敢说;八成儿;
Sure enough, we all buy into that, and with gated communities , we have a formalized expectation with a homeowners association . 当然,我们都这样, 对于封闭式小区, 我们也有固定的看法 对于户主协会。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) homeowners:n.私房屋主;自己拥有住房者; association:n.协会;关联;联想;交往;
Sometimes those guys are Nazis , my oh my. 有时那些人像是纳粹, 天啊。
Nazis:n.纳粹;纳粹党人(nazi的复数);
That exacerbates and continues this model. 这个加剧并且继续着这种模型。
exacerbates:vt.使加剧;使恶化;激怒;
The last thing is gregariousness. 最后一个是社交性。
Human beings are a social species . 人类是群居物种。
species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
We like to hang together in groups, just like wildebeests , just like lions. 我们喜欢在群体中, 就像牛羚,就像狮子。
hang together:符合,一致;同心协力;结合在一起; wildebeests:n.羚羊的一种;牛羚(产于非洲);
Wildebeests don't hang with lions because lions eat wildebeests. 牛羚不会和狮子呆在一起 因为狮子吃牛羚。
Human beings are like that. 人类也是这样。
We do what that group does that we're trying to identify with. 我们做群体所做的事情 为了表示我们的归属。
identify:v.识别:鉴定:确认:发现:
And so you see this in junior high a lot. 这些在初中很常见。
junior:n.青少年;职位较低者;adj.青少年的;地位低下的;
Those kids, they'll work all summer long, kill themselves, so that they can afford one pair of designer jeans. 那些孩子,他们会工作一个夏天, 很辛苦, 为了能够买 一条品牌牛仔裤,
So along about September they can stride in and go, "I'm important today. 这样在9月 他们能够大步走进去, “今天我感觉我很重要。
stride:n.大步;步幅;进展;v.跨过;大踏步走过;跨坐在…;
See, look, don't touch my designer jeans. 看,不要碰我的品牌牛仔裤。
I see you don't have designer jeans. 我知道你没有品牌牛仔裤。
You're not one of the beautiful people. 你不属于那些漂亮的人之一。
See, I'm one of the beautiful people. See my jeans?" 看,我属于那些漂亮的人之一。看见我的牛仔裤吗？”
Right there is reason enough to have uniforms . 确实有理由统一着装。
uniforms:n.制服;军服;军人;v.使穿制服;(uniform的复数第三人称单词)
And so that happens in the building industry as well. 这在建筑业也一样。
We have confused 我们有一点
confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式)
Maslow's hierarchy of needs just a little bit. 混淆了 马斯洛的需求层次。
hierarchy:n.层级;等级制度;
On the bottom tier we have basic needs -- shelter, clothing, food, water, mating and so forth. 最底层的 是我们最基本的需求 - 庇护处,衣服,食物,水,交配等等。
tier:n.层,排;行,列;等级;vt.使层叠;vi.成递升徘列; mating:n.交尾;交配;v.交配;交尾;使交配;(mate的现在分词)
Second, security. Third, relationships. 第二层,安全。第三层,关系。
Fourth, status , self-esteem -- that is, vanity . 第四层,身份,自尊 - 这是虚无的。
status:n.地位;状态;情形;重要身份; self-esteem:n.自尊;自负;自大; vanity:n.虚荣心;空虚;浮华;无价值的东西;
And we're taking vanity and shoving it down here. 我们将虚无的放到最低下。
shoving:v.推开,挤浆(shove的现在分词);
And so we end up with vain decisions and we can't even afford our mortgage. 所以我们得到了 一些没有意义的决定 和我们无法偿还的贷款,
vain:adj.徒劳的;自负的;无结果的;无用的;
We can't even afford to eat anything except beans. 我们无法负担的除了豆子之外的东西。
That is, our housing has become a commodity. 那就是,我们的房子 变成了商品,
And it takes a little bit of nerve to dive into those primal , terrifying parts of ourselves and make our own decisions and not make our housing a commodity, but make it something that bubbles up from seminal sources. 然后一点点地 侵入了我们最初的, 可怕的部分 要自己做决定 不要让房子成为商品, 而是成为一种有创造力的东西。
nerve:n.神经;勇气;神经质;神经紧张;v.鼓足勇气;振作精神; dive:n.潜水;跳水;俯冲;猛冲;v.猛冲;(头朝下)跳入水中;[体]跳水(运动); primal:adj.原始的; n.被压抑童年情绪的释放; vt.释放(被压抑的童年情绪); terrifying:adj.令人恐惧的;骇人的;极大的;v.使害怕,使恐怖;(terrify的现在分词) seminal:adj.种子的;精液的;生殖的;
That takes a little bit of nerve, and, darn it, once in a while you fail. 这需要一些勇气, 弥补它,当你失败时。
darn:v.织补,缝补;n.织补;
But that's okay. 但这没问题。
If failure destroys you, then you can't do this. 如果失败毁灭了你, 你不能干这个。
I fail all the time, every day, and I've had some whopping failures, I promise, big, public, humiliating , embarrassing failures. 我一直都在失败,每天, 而且我还有些惨败的经历,我保证, 一些很大的,众所周知的,丢人现眼的, 尴尬的失败经历。
whopping:adj.巨大的;天大的;adv.非常地;异常地;v.猛打;抽出(whop的ing形式); humiliating:adj.让人出丑的;丢脸的;v.羞辱;使丧失尊严;(humiliate的现在分词) embarrassing:adj.令人尴尬的; v.使尴尬; (embarrass的现在分词)
Everybody points and laughs, and they say, "He tried it a fifth time and it still didn't work. 所有人都指着我嘲笑, 他们说,“他都试了第五次了,还是不行。
What a moron ." 真是个笨蛋。”
moron:n.傻瓜;痴愚者;笨人;
Early on, contractors come by and say, "Dan, you're a cute little bunny , but you know, this just isn't going to work. 之前,承包人过来说, “Dan,你是个可爱的孩子, 但是你知道,这行不通的。
contractors:n.[经]承包商;[法]立约人;合约商(contractor的复数); bunny:n.(儿语)兔子
What don't you do this, and why don't you do that?" 为什么不做这个,为什么不做那个？”
And your instinct is to say, "Why don't you suck an egg?" 你的本能反应是, “为什么你不吃个鸡蛋。”
instinct:n.本能;天性;直觉;adj.充满的;
But you don't say that, because they're the guys you're targeting. 但是你不会这么说, 因为他们是你需要的人。
And so what we've done -- and this isn't just in housing. 所以这就是我们所做的 - 不仅仅是房子;
It's in clothing and food and our transportation needs, our energy -- we sprawl just a little bit. 也有衣服和食物 和交通需求,我们的能源 - 我们搞得有点大了。
transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放; sprawl:vi.蔓延; vt.懒散地伸开; n.蔓生;
And when I get a little bit of press, 当我有点压力时,
I hear from people all over the world. 我倾听来自世界各地的人。
And we may have invented excess , but the problem of waste is worldwide . 我们可能已经是发明过剩, 但是废料问题 是全球性的。
excess:n.超过,超额;过度,过量;无节制;adj.额外的,过量的;附加的; worldwide:adj.全世界的;adv.在世界各地;
We're in trouble. 我们有困难了。
And I don't wear ammo belts crisscrossing my chest and a red bandana , but we're clearly in trouble. 我不会胸前穿叉着弹药带 头上戴着红头巾, 但是我们确实是遇到困难了。
ammo:n.弹药;军火; belts:n.皮带(belt的复数);带子;v.用皮带等围绕;用带扎牢(belt的三单形式); crisscrossing:n.十字形; adj.十字形的; vt.画十字形于…; vi.交叉; v.十字形地; bandana:n.大手帕(花色丝质的);
And what we need to do is reconnect with those really primal parts of ourselves and make some decisions and say, "You know, I think I would like to put CDs across the wall there. 我们需要做得 是重新连接 我们最基本的部分 做出些决定 说道,“你知道,我认为我要 将CD放到墙那边。
reconnect:v.使再接合;
What do you think, honey?" 你觉得呢,亲爱的？”
If it doesn't work, take it down. 如果不行,就取下来。
What we need to do is reconnect with who we really are, and that's thrilling indeed. 我们需要的是重新连接起真正的我们, 这是令人激动的。
thrilling:adj.惊心动魄的; v.使非常兴奋; (thrill的现在分词)
Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
(Applause) （掌声）