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DanPacholke_2014X-_监狱能如何帮助犯人过有意义的生活_
We're seen as the organization that is the bucket for failed social policy . 我们被看作为那种失败的社会政策善后的机构。
organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; bucket:n.大桶状物; v.拼命划桨; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单;
I can't define who comes to us or how long they stay. 我不能规定谁来我们这里或者他们停留多久。
define:v.定义;使明确;规定;
We get the people for whom nothing else has worked, people who have fallen through all of the other social safety nets. 我们接收那些任何方式对他们来说都不管用的人, 那些其他社会安全保障体系的 漏网之鱼。
They can't contain them, so we must. 社会不能容纳他们,所以我们必须这样做。
That's our job: contain them, control them. 那就是我们的工作: 容纳他们,控制他们。
Over the years, as a prison system, as a nation, and as a society, we've become very good at that, but that shouldn't make you happy. 多年以来,作为一个监狱系统, 作为一个国家,以及作为一个社会, 我们已经变得非常善于做那件事, 但是那不应该使你高兴。
Today we incarcerate more people per capita than any other country in the world. 现在我们监狱人口占人口比例 比世界上任何一个国家都要高
incarcerate:v.监禁;下狱;禁闭;adj.监禁的;禁闭的; per capita:adj.每人的;人均的;
We have more black men in prison today than were under slavery in 1850. 我们今日在监狱里的黑人 比1850年奴隶制实行的时候还要多
slavery:n.奴隶制;奴隶身份;蓄奴;adj.流口水的;被口水弄脏的;
We house the parents of almost three million of our community 's children, and we've become the new asylum , the largest mental health provider in this nation. 我们监禁接近三百万 社区儿童的父母 我们已经成为新型的收容所, 全国最大的精神健康服务提供者。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; asylum:n.庇护;收容所,救济院; mental:adj.精神的;脑力的;疯的;n.精神病患者; provider:n.供应者;养家者;
When we lock someone up, that is no small thing. 当我们拘禁某一个人, 那不是一件小事情。
And yet, we are called the Department of Corrections. 可是,我们被称为惩教署。
Today I want to talk about changing the way we think about corrections. 今天我想谈谈关于 改变我们看待惩教的方式。
I believe, and my experience tells me, that when we change the way we think, we create new possibilities, or futures, and prisons need a different future. 我相信,以及我的经验告诉我, 当我们改变思考问题的方式, 我们就能创造新的可能性,或者未来, 而监狱需要一个不同的未来。
I've spent my entire career in corrections, over 30 years. 我花费了我整个的职业生涯在惩教上,超过了30年。
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
I followed my dad into this field. 我跟随我父亲进入这个领域。
He was a Vietnam veteran . Corrections suited him. 他是一个越战老兵。惩教适合他。
veteran:n.老兵; adj.(尤指军事方面)老练的;
He was strong, steady , disciplined . 他强壮,沉着,遵守纪律。
steady:adj.稳定的; v.使稳定; v.稳定地; n.关系固定的情侣; disciplined:adj.遵守纪律的; v.训练; (discipline的过去式和过去分词)
I was not so much any of those things, and I'm sure that worried him about me. 我并没有太多那些特质, 我敢肯定那使他担心我。
Eventually I decided, if I was going to end up in prison, 最终我决定,如果有一天我会终老在狱中,
Eventually:adv.最后,终于;
I'd better end up on the right side of the bars, so I thought I'd check it out, take a tour of the place my dad worked, the McNeil Island Penitentiary . 我最好终老在栏杆正确的那一边, 所以我想我应该去看看, 到我父亲工作的地方游览一下, 麦克尼尔岛监狱。
Penitentiary:adj.应处监禁的; n.监狱;
Now this was the early '80s, and prisons weren't quite what you see on TV or in the movies. 这是早期的80年代, 监狱还不太是你们 在电视上或者电影里看到的样子
In many ways, it was worse. 在许多方面,它更糟糕。
I walked into a cell house that was five tiers high. 我走进一个五层高的牢房里。
tiers:v.成层堆积;层层上升;n.级;阶;层;阶层;等级;(tier的第三人称单数和复数)
There were eight men to a cell. 在一个牢房里有八个人。
there were 550 men in that living unit. 一个生活单元里有550人。
And just in case you wondered, they shared one toilet in those small confines . 以防你不知道, 他们在那些小隔间里共用一个厕所。
just in case:以防万一;作为准备; confines:n.范围;界限;疆界(confine的复数);v.限制;禁闭(confine的三单形式);
An officer put a key in a lockbox , and hundreds of men streamed out of their cells. 一个警官把一条钥匙插进密码箱里, 数以百计的人从他们的牢房里涌了出来。
lockbox:n.连锁的箱子;
Hundreds of men streamed out of their cells. 数以百计的人从他们的牢房里涌了出来。
I walked away as fast as I could. 我以最快的速度离开了。
Eventually I went back and I started as an officer there. 最终我回去了,我在那里成为了一个狱警。
My job was to run one of those cell blocks and to control those hundreds of men. 我的工作是管理其中一个牢房区 以及控制那里数以百计的犯人。
When I went to work at our receptions center, 当我去我们接待中心工作的时候,
I could actually hear the inmates roiling from the parking lot , shaking cell doors, yelling, tearing up their cells. 我能真的听见犯人从床上滚下, 摇晃牢房的门,叫喊, 毁坏他们的牢房。
inmates:n.被收容者;居民(inmate的名词复数); roiling:v.(水)激荡;扰乱;搅乱;使混乱;(roil的现在分词) parking lot:n.停车场;
Take hundreds of volatile people and lock them up, and what you get is chaos . 把许许多多不稳定的人关起来, 你得到的只有混乱。
volatile:adj.[化学]挥发性的;不稳定的;爆炸性的;反覆无常的;n.挥发物;有翅的动物; chaos:n.混沌,混乱;
Contain and control — that was our job. 容纳和控制——那是我们的工作。
One way we learned to do this more effectively was a new type of housing unit called the Intensive Management Unit, IMU, a modern version of a "hole." 我们学习到更有效的一种方式 是一个新型的居住单元 叫集约化管理单元,IMU, 一个现代版的“洞穴”。
Intensive:adj.加强的;集中的;透彻的;加强语气的;n.加强器; Management:n.管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段;
We put inmates in cells behind solid steel doors with cuff ports so we could restrain them and feed them. 我们把犯人放进用实心钢门封住的牢房 戴上手铐,以便于我们能限制他们 还有给他们食物。
cuff:n.袖口,裤子翻边; vt.给…上袖口; vi.殴斗,拳击; restrain:v.抑制;阻止;控制;约束(自己);
Guess what? 猜猜怎么样？
It got quieter. 变得更安静了。
Disturbances died down in the general population. 骚乱在普通人群中逐渐消失。
Disturbances:n.[通信][电子]干扰;失调(disturbance的复数形式);困惑; in the general:通常,一般;
Places became safer because those inmates who were most violent or disruptive could now be isolated . 地方变得更加安全 因为那些最暴力最具破坏力的犯人 现在能被隔离起来了。
violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; disruptive:adj.破坏的;分裂性的;制造混乱的; isolated:adj.偏远的; v.隔离,孤立,脱离;
But isolation isn't good. 但是隔离并不好。
Deprive people of social contact and they deteriorate . 剥夺犯人的社交联系,他们变得更恶劣了。
Deprive:vt.使丧失,剥夺; contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系; deteriorate:vi.恶化,变坏;vt.恶化;
It was hard getting them out of IMU, for them and for us. 把他们从IMU弄出来是很困难的, 无论是对他们还是对我们来说。
Even in prison, it's no small thing to lock someone up. 即使在监狱,把某一个人关起来 决不是一件小事情。
My next assignment was to one of the state's deep-end prisons where some of our more violent or disruptive inmates are housed. 我的下一个任务在州里其中一个 关押更暴力或者更具破坏性的囚犯的监狱。
assignment:n.分配:(分派的)工作,任务:
By then, the industry had advanced a lot, and we had different tools and techniques to manage disruptive behavior. 到那时候为止,行业已经进步了许多, 而我们拥有了不同的工具和技术 去管理破坏性行为。
advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式) techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数)
We had beanbag guns and pepper spray and plexiglass shields , flash bangs , emergency response teams. 我们有了豆袋枪和胡椒喷雾 还有防爆盾, 闪光弹,应急反应小组。
beanbag:n.游戏用的装了豆子的小袋; pepper:n.胡椒;辣椒;胡椒粉;v.加胡椒粉于;使布满; spray:n.喷雾; v.喷; plexiglass:n.树脂玻璃;塑胶玻璃; shields:n.盾牌; v.屏蔽; (shield的第三人称单数) flash:n.闪光; v.闪光; adj.庞大的; bangs:n.刘海; v.猛撞; emergency:n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;adj.紧急的;备用的; response:n.响应;反应;回答;
We met violence with force and chaos with chaos. 我们用暴力来对付暴力 用混乱面对混乱。
violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
We were pretty good at putting out fires. 我们很擅长解决问题。
While I was there, I met two experienced correctional workers who were also researchers, an anthropologist and a sociologist . 在那里工作的时候,我遇到了两个经验丰富的管教人员 并且他们都是研究员, 一位是人类学家还有一位社会学家。
correctional:adj.矫正的;修正的; anthropologist:n.人类学家;人类学者; sociologist:n.社会学家;
One day, one of them commented to me and said, "You know, you're pretty good at putting out fires. 一天,他们其中一人对我说, “你知道,你很擅长平息战火,
Have you ever thought about how to prevent them?" 你又没有想过如何预防它们呢？”
I was patient with them, explaining our brute force approach to making prisons safer. 我对他们很耐心, 解释我们的暴力法, 那是为了把监狱变得更安全。
patient:adj.有耐心的,能容忍的;n.病人;患者; brute:adj.残忍的;无理性的;n.畜生;残暴的人; approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
They were patient with me. 他们对我很耐心。
Out of those conversations grew some new ideas and we started some small experiments. 从那些对话中我得到了一些新的想法 并且我们开始了一些小型的实验。
First, we started training our officers in teams rather than sending them one or two at a time to the state training academy . 首先,我们从培训几组狱警开始 而不是一次送一个或者两个狱警到州立培训学院。
academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校;
Instead of four weeks of training, we gave them 10. 我们提供给他们10周的培训,而不是原本的4周。
Then we experimented with an apprenticeship model where we paired new staff with veteran staff. 然后我们尝试了一种学徒制模式 我们将新的员工跟经验丰富的老手配对。
apprenticeship:n.学徒期;学徒身分;
They both got better at the work. 他们俩在工作上都变得更好了。
Second, we added verbal de-escalation skills into the training continuum and made it part of the use of force continuum. 第二,我们增加了口头降级技巧 到连续不断的训练中 以及令它成为武力使用等级的一部分。
verbal:adj.口头的;言语的;动词的;照字面的;n.动词的非谓语形式; de-escalation:n.降级;减低战争的范围或强度; continuum:n.[数]连续统;[经]连续统一体;闭联集;
It was the non-force use of force. 它是暴力的非暴力形式的应用。
And then we did something even more radical . 然后我们做了一些更加激进的事情。
radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的;
We trained the inmates on those same skills. 我们训练犯人那些相同的技巧。
We changed the skill set, reducing violence, not just responding to it. 我们改变了技巧, 减少了暴力,而不仅仅是回应它。
responding:v.响应;作出反应;反应灵敏;(respond的现在分词)
Third, when we expanded our facility , we tried a new type of design. 第三,当我们扩建设施的时候,尝试了一个新型的设计。
expanded:adj.扩充的;展开的;vt.扩大(expand的过去式); facility:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;天资;
Now the biggest and most controversial component of this design, of course, was the toilet. 现在,设计中最大以及最受到争议的部分 当然是,厕所。
controversial:adj.有争议的;有争论的; component:n.成分;部件;组成部分;adj.构成的;
There were no toilets. 那里没有厕所。
Now that might not sound significant to you here today, but at the time, it was huge. 对于今天现场的你们来说,这些可能听起来不重要, 但是在那时候,这是个很严重的问题。
significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物;
No one had ever heard of a cell without a toilet. 没有人听说过牢房没有厕所。
We all thought it was dangerous and crazy. 我们全都认为这是危险的和疯狂的。
Even eight men to a cell had a toilet. 即使八个人的牢房也有厕所。
That small detail changed the way we worked. 那个小的细节改变了我们工作的方式。
Inmates and staff started interacting more often and openly and developing a rapport . 犯人和工作人员开始更频繁和开放地 互动以及发展出了和谐的关系。
interacting:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的现在分词) rapport:n.密切关系,交往;和谐一致;
It was easier to detect conflict and intervene before it escalated . 探测冲突和在升级前干预 变得更加容易。
detect:vt.察觉;发现;探测; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触; intervene:vi.干涉;调停;插入; escalated:v.(使)逐步扩大,不断恶化,加剧;(escalate的过去分词和过去式)
The unit was cleaner, quieter, safer and more humane . 单元变得更加整洁,安静,安全以及更加人性化。
humane:adj.仁慈的,人道的;高尚的;
This was more effective at keeping the peace than any intimidation technique I'd seen to that point. 这在保持和平上比任何其他 我见过的恐吓技术都要更有效率。
effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; intimidation:n.恐吓,威胁;
Interacting changes the way you behave , both for the officer and the inmate. 互动改变了你的行为方式, 无论是对狱警还是对犯人来说。
behave:v.表现;(机器等)运转;举止端正;(事物)起某种作用;
We changed the environment and we changed the behavior. 我们改变了环境,我们还改变了行为。
Now, just in case I hadn't learned this lesson, they assigned me to headquarters next, and that's where I ran straight up against system change. 这时候,以防万一我没有吸取这个教训, 他们接着安排我去总部, 那是我直接执行系统改革的地方。
assigned:v.分配(某物);分派;指定;委派;(assign的过去分词和过去式) headquarters:n.总部;指挥部;司令部;
Now, many things work against system change: politics and politicians , bills and laws, courts and lawsuits , internal politics. 这时候,很多事情对系统改革不利: 政治和政治家,法案和法律, 法院和诉讼,内部政治。
politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数) politicians:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩;(politician的复数) lawsuits:n.诉讼,法律诉讼;控诉(lawsuit的复数形式); internal:n.内脏;本质;adj.内部的;里面的;体内的;(机构)内部的;
System change is difficult and slow, and oftentimes it doesn't take you where you want to go. 系统改革是困难以及缓慢的, 而它时常带不了你 去你想到的地方。
oftentimes:adv.时常地;
It's no small thing to change a prison system. 改变一个监狱系统并不是一件小事情。
So what I did do is I reflected on my earlier experiences and I remembered that when we interacted with offenders , the heat went down. 所以我反省了一下过去的经验 并且我想起来当我们与罪犯交流的时候,紧张度就下降了。
reflected:adj.反射的;得自他人的;v.反射;思考;(reflect的过去式和过去分词) interacted:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的过去分词和过去式) offenders:n.罪犯(offender的复数);冒犯者;
When we changed the environment, the behavior changed. 当我们改变环境的时候,行为就会改变。
And these were not huge system changes. 而这些不是大的系统性的改革。
These were small changes, and these changes created new possibilities. 这些是小的改变,并且这些改变 制造出新的可能,
So next, I got reassigned as superintendent of a small prison. 接下来,我被分配到了一所小监狱当狱长。
reassigned:v.再分配;再指定;交还;(reassign的过去式和过去分词) superintendent:n.监督人;负责人;主管;指挥者;
And at the same time , I was working on my degree at the Evergreen State College. 并且在同一时间,我正在为我在 艾沃格瑞州立学院的学位而努力。
at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; Evergreen:n.常绿树;常绿植物;adj.[植]常绿的;永葆青春的;
I interacted with a lot of people who were not like me, people who had different ideas and came from different backgrounds. 我去很多与我不同的人接触, 跟我有不同想法的人, 还有有着不同背景的人。
One of them was a rainforest ecologist . 其中有一个人是雨林生态学家。
rainforest:n.(热带)雨林; ecologist:n.生态学者;
She looked at my small prison and what she saw was a laboratory . 她看了一下我的小监狱而她想到的是 一个实验室。
laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
We talked and discovered how prisons and inmates could actually help advance science by helping them complete projects they couldn't complete on their own, like repopulating endangered species : frogs, butterflies, endangered prairie plants. 我们交流并发现监狱以及犯人是如何 能够通过帮助他们完成试验项目 从而来帮助科学发展。 他们没法自己完成, 像重新繁衍濒临灭绝的物种: 青蛙,蝴蝶,濒临灭绝的草原植物。
repopulating:vt.使人重新住入; endangered:v.使遭危险;危及;危害;(endanger的过去分词和过去式) species:n.[生物]物种;种类; prairie:n.大草原;牧场;
At the same time, we found ways to make our operation more efficient through the addition of solar power, rainwater catchment , organic gardening, recycling . 与此同时,我们发现了 让我们运行的更有效率的方法, 通过引入太阳能, 雨水收集,有机园艺,回收利用。
efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的; addition:n.添加;[数]加法;增加物; rainwater:n.雨水;软水; catchment:n.流域;集水; organic:adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;绿色的;有机物的;n.分子有机体; recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
This initiative has led to many projects that have had huge system-wide impact , not just in our system, but in other state systems as well, small experiments making a big difference to science, to the community. 这种首创精神已经导致很多 有巨大系统性影响的项目, 不仅仅在我们的系统内,在其他州的系统也一样, 小型的实验对科学 对社区产生巨大影响。
initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; system-wide:adj.全系统的;系统范围的;系统级的;整个系统的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
The way we think about our work changes our work. 我们看待工作的方式改变了我们的工作。
The project just made my job more interesting and exciting. 项目使我的工作更加有趣和令人兴奋。
I was excited. Staff were excited. 我很兴奋。工作人员很兴奋。
Officers were excited. Inmates were excited. 狱警们很兴奋。犯人们很兴奋。
They were inspired . 他们都受到了启发。
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
Everybody wanted to be part of this. 每一个人都想成为其中的一份子。
They were making a contribution , a difference, one they thought was meaningful and important. 他们对有意义和重要的事, 做出了贡献,产生了影响。
contribution:n.捐款;捐资;定期缴款;贡献;促成作用;稿件; meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的;
Let me be clear on what's going on here, though. 让我尽管澄清一下这里正在发生什么事情。
Inmates are highly adaptive . 犯人们非常适应。
highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; adaptive:adj.适应的,适合的;
They have to be. 他们不得不这样做。
Oftentimes, they know more about our own systems than the people who run them. 他们时常比管理他们的人 更清楚自己的系统。
And they're here for a reason. 他们进监狱是有原因的。
I don't see my job as to punish them or forgive them, but I do think they can have decent and meaningful lives even in prison. 我并不认我的工作是去惩罚或者原谅他们, 但是我认为他们即使在监狱 也能拥有得体和有意义的生活。
forgive:v.原谅;免除(债务,义务等); decent:adj.正派的;得体的;相当好的;
So that was the question: 所以那是个问题:
Could inmates live decent and meaningful lives, and if so, what difference would that make? 犯人们可以过上体面而且有意义的生活吗？ 如果可以,会带来怎样的不同？
So I took that question back to the deep end, where some of our most violent offenders are housed. 我带着那疑问回到最困难的部分, 那个关押最暴力的罪犯的地方。
Remember, IMUs are for punishment . 记住,IMU(集约化管理单元)是用于惩罚的。
punishment:n.惩罚;严厉对待,虐待;
You don't get perks there, like programming. 你不会在那里得到额外的好处,比如规划。
perks:n.特权; v.打扮;
That was how we thought. 我们就是这样想的。
But then we started to realize that if any inmates needed programming, it was these particular inmates. 但是我们开始意识到 这些特定的犯人,比任何其他人都更需要计划指令。
In fact, they needed intensive programming.
So we changed our thinking 180 degrees, and we started looking for new possibilities. 所以我们在思想上有了180度的转变 开始寻找新的可能性。
What we found was a new kind of chair. 我们找到的是一种新型的椅子。
Instead of using the chair for punishment, we put it in classrooms. 取代了原来用来惩罚的椅子, 我们把它放置于教室。
Okay, we didn't forget our responsibility to control, but now inmates could interact safely, face-to-face with other inmates and staff, and because control was no longer an issue , everybody could focus on other things, like learning. Behavior changed. 好吧,我们没有忘记控制的职责, 但是犯人可以安全地相处, 跟狱友还有工作人员面对面沟通, 而且因为管制已经不再是一个问题了, 所有人都可以集中精力到其他的事情中, 像学习。行为改变了。
face-to-face:adj.面对面的;当面的;adv.面对面地; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
We changed our thinking, and we changed what was possible, and this gives me hope. 我们改变了思维,创造不同的可能性,而这给我们带来了希望。
Now, I can't tell you that any of this stuff will work. 现在,我无法肯定这完全可行。
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
What I can tell you, though, it is working. 我能告诉你的是,它正在起作用。
Our prisons are getting safer for both staff and inmates, and when our prisons are safe, we can put our energies into a lot more than just controlling. 对工作人员和犯人来说我们的监狱都变得更加安全, 而当我们的监狱安全了, 我们可以把精力更多地投入到控制犯人以外的事情。
Reducing recidivism may be our ultimate goal, but it's not our only goal. 减少惯犯也许是我们的终极目标, 但是它不是我们的唯一目标。
recidivism:n.再犯,累犯; ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则;
To be honest with you, preventing crime takes so much more from so many more people and institutions . 坦白跟你们说,预防犯罪 需要更多的人力物力 以及机构参与其中。
institutions:n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯,制度;(institution的复数)
If we rely on just prisons to reduce crime, 如果我们仅仅依赖监狱去减少犯罪,
rely:vi.依靠;信赖;
I'm afraid we'll never get there. 恐怕永远都达不到目标。
But prisons can do some things we never thought they could do. 但是监狱能够做一些 我们从未想过它们能做到的事情。
Prisons can be the source of innovation and sustainability , repopulating endangered species and environmental restoration . 监狱可以是创新和 可持续发展, 重新繁衍濒临灭绝的物种以及环境修复之源。
source:n.来源;水源;原始资料; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性; restoration:n.恢复;复位;王政复辟;归还;
Inmates can be scientists and beekeepers , dog rescuers . 囚犯可以是科学家和养蜂人, 犬只救援人员。
beekeepers:n.养蜂人; rescuers:n.救援者(rescuer的复数);
Prisons can be the source of meaningful work and opportunity for staff and the inmates who live there. 对工作人员 和犯人来说, 监狱可以提供有意义的工作和机会。
We can contain and control and provide humane environments. 我们可以容纳和控制 以及提供人道的环境。
These are not opposing qualities. 这些不是相对立的。
opposing:adj.对立的; v.反对(计划、政策等); (oppose的现在分词)
We can't wait 10 to 20 years to find out if this is worth doing. 我们不能等待10年到20年去发现 这是不是值得做的。
Our strategy is not massive system change. 我们的策略不是巨大的系统改变。
strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
Our strategy is hundreds of small changes that take place in days or months, not years. 我们的策略是数以百计的小改变 发生在几天或者几个月,而不是几年。
take place:发生;举行;
We need more small pilots where we learn as we go, pilots that change the range of possibility. 我们需要更多小的试点,在前进中学习, 改变可能性范围的试点。
We need new and better ways to measure impacts on engagement , on interaction , on safe environments. 我们需要新的更好的方式去衡量影响 在参与上,在互动上, 在安全的环境里。
impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用; engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度; interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
We need more opportunities to participate in and contribute to our communities , your communities. 我们需要更多的机会去参与 和贡献我们的社区, 你们的社区。
participate:v.参加;参与; contribute to:有助于;捐献; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
Prisons need to be secure, yes, safe, yes. 监狱需要变得牢靠,对的,安全,对的。
We can do that. 我们能够做到。
Prisons need to provide humane environments where people can participate, contribute, and learn meaningful lives. 监狱需要提供人道主义环境 人们可以参与,贡献, 以及学习有意义的生活。
We're learning how to do that. 我们正在学习如何去做到那件事。
That's why I'm hopeful. 那就是我满怀希望的原因。
We don't have to stay stuck in old ideas about prison. 我们没有必要停留在对监狱老旧的观念上。
We can define that. We can create that. 我们可以定义它。我们可以创造它。
And when we do that thoughtfully and with humanity , prisons can be more than the bucket for failed social policy. 当我们细心地以及人道地做事, 监狱可以不只是 承载失败社会政策的桶。
thoughtfully:adv.沉思地;体贴地,亲切地; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
Maybe finally , we will earn our title: a department of corrections. 也许最终,我们将会赢得我们的头衔: 一个修正的部门。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）