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DanBarber_2010-_我如何爱上一条鱼。_
So, I've known a lot of fish in my life. 我一生中接触过很多鱼。
I've loved only two. 只有两种是我的最爱。
That first one, it was more like a passionate affair. 第一种, 是源于激情。
passionate:adj.热情的;热烈的,激昂的;易怒的;
It was a beautiful fish, flavorful , textured , meaty , a best-seller on the menu. 它是一条美丽的鱼, 美味,纹理细腻,肉质丰富, 是菜单上最受欢迎的鱼。
flavorful:adj.可口的(等于flavourful);充满…味道的;有香味的; textured:adj.有织纹的; v.使具有某种结构(texture的过去分词); meaty:adj.肉的;多肉的;似肉的;
What a fish. 多么美的鱼啊！
(Laughter) （笑声）
Even better, it was farm-raised to the supposed highest standards of sustainability . 更好的是, 它是依照最高标准养殖的, 目的是保持它的可持续性的。
supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式) standards:n.标准,水平,规格(standard的复数) sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性;
So you could feel good about selling it. 而卖他的人也会感到心安理得。
I was in a relationship with this beauty for several months. 我曾经沉醉于这美丽的关系中, 时间大概延续了几个月。
One day, the head of the company called and asked if I'd speak at an event about the farm's sustainability. 有一天,这个公司的高层打电话给我 邀请我参加一个活动 并就渔业的可持续性发展发表演说。
'" Absolutely ," I said. 我说,“当然可以”。
Absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
Here was a company trying to solve what's become this unimaginable problem for our chefs. 这个公司正是要试图解决一个 对于我们厨师来说正在变得不可想象的问题。
unimaginable:adj.不可思议的;难以想像的;
How do we keep fish on our menus? “我们如何把鱼类留在菜单上？”
For the past 50 years, we've been fishing the seas like we clear-cut forests. 在过去的50年中, 我们从各个海洋中捕鱼 就像是砍伐树木。
clear-cut:adj.清晰的;轮廓鲜明的;
It's hard to overstate the destruction . 绝不是夸大它的破坏性。
overstate:vt.夸张;夸大的叙述; destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁;
90 percent of large fish, the ones we love, the tunas , the halibuts, the salmons , swordfish , they've collapsed . 90%的大型鱼类,那些我们喜爱的种类, 金枪鱼,大比目鱼,三鲑鱼,剑鱼, 他们都要灭绝了。
tunas:n.金枪鱼(tuna的复数); salmons:n.鲑鱼;大马哈鱼(salmon的复数形式); swordfish:n.箭鱼; collapsed:v.倒塌,坍塌;倒下,昏倒;坐下;(collapse的过去分词和过去式)
There's almost nothing left. 几乎没有多少剩下了。
So, for better or for worse, aquaculture , fish farming, is going to be a part of our future. 所以,不管是好是坏, 水产养殖业,养鱼业,都会成为我们未来的一部分。
aquaculture:n.[水产]水产养殖;水产业;
A lot of arguments against it. 有很多针对这个行业的言论。
Fish farms pollute, most of them do anyway, and they're inefficient , take tuna. 其实它们大部分都是关于养鱼业会污染环境, 而且效率很低,比如说金枪鱼。
inefficient:adj.无效率的,效率低的;无能的;
A major drawback . 最大的弊病就是,
drawback:n.缺点,不利条件;退税;
It's got a feed conversion ratio of 15 to one. 养殖金枪鱼的饲料转换率是 15比1。
conversion:n.转换;变换;[金融]兑换;改变信仰; ratio:n.比率;比例;v.用比例方式表达;求出…的比值;使…成比例;
That means it takes fifteen pounds of wild fish to get you one pound of farm tuna. 这个意思是说,每生产1磅金枪鱼肉 要耗费15磅用其他野生鱼类做的饲料。
Not very sustainable . 这可不是很具有可持续发展性。
sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
Doesn't taste very good either. 而且也不好吃。
So here, finally , was a company trying to do it right. 最后, 这个公司想做些正确事情。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
I wanted to support them. 我也想支持他们。
The day before the event 在那次活动的前一天,
I called the head of PR for the company. 我联系了公司的公关部门头头。
Let's call him Don. 就让我们暂且称呼他为“唐阁下”。
'"Don," I said, "just to get the facts straight, you guys are famous for farming so far out to sea, you don't pollute." 我说:“唐阁下, 据我说知,事实是这样的,你们在海洋捕鱼业十分出名, 而且你们不会产生污染。”
'"That's right," he said. "We're so far out, the waste from our fish gets distributed , not concentrated ." 他回应: “你说的对。我们作业的地点很远, 我们捕鱼所产生的污染物都被稀释掉了, 不会集中残留在一个地方。”
distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式) concentrated:adj.决心要做的; v.集中(注意力); (concentrate的过去式和过去分词)
And then he added, "We're basically a world unto ourselves. 然后他补充到, “我们算得上是独树一帜。
basically:adv.主要地,基本上; unto:prep.到,直到;向(等于to);
That feed conversion ratio? 2.5 to one," he said. 饲料转换率？2.5比1,” 他说。
'"Best in the business." “行业中最好的。”
2.5 to one, great. 2.5比1,很好。
'"2.5 to one what? What are you feeding?" “什么2.5比1？你们在喂什么？”
'"Sustainable proteins ," he said. 他回答道:“可持续性蛋白质”。
proteins:n.[生化]蛋白质(protein复数);
'"Great," I said. Got off the phone. 我说:“很好”。然后挂了电话。
And that night, I was lying in bed, and I thought: 结果那晚,我躺在床上想:
What the hell is a sustainable protein? 可持续性蛋白质是什么鬼东西？
(Laughter) （笑声）
So the next day, just before the event, I called Don. 所以第二天,就在那个活动之前,我打电话给唐阁下。
I said, "Don, what are some examples of sustainable proteins?" 我问道:*唐阁下,你有没有一些可持续性蛋白质的例子？
He said he didn't know. He would ask around. 他说他不知道。他会去问问周围的人。
Well, I got on the phone with a few people in the company. 然后,我和这个公司里的一些人通了电话。
No one could give me a straight answer . 但是没有人能给我一个明确的答案。
straight answer:直接的回答;
Until finally, I got on the phone with the head biologist . 直到最后,我通上了电话 对方是生物学专家。
biologist:n.生物学家;
Let's call him Don too. 让我也暂且叫他 “唐阁下”。
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"Don," I said, "what are some examples of sustainable proteins?" 我说:“唐阁下” “可以举例说明一下可持续性蛋白质吗？”
Well, he mentioned some algaes and some fish meals, and then he said chicken pellets . 恩,他提到了一些藻类 还有一些鱼食, 然后他提到鸡丸。
pellets:n.芯块,小球(pellet的复数);靶丸;v.使形成小球(pellet的第三人称单数);
I said, "Chicken pellets?" 我问道: “鸡丸?”
He said, "Yeah, feathers, skin, bone meal, scraps , dried and processed into feed." 他说,“是,羽毛,鸡皮, 骨骼,排泄物, 被晒干加工后添入饲料。”
scraps:n.残羹剩饭;刮屑(scrap的复数); processed:v.加工,处理;审核;列队行进;(process的过去式和过去分词)
I said, "What percentage of your feed is chicken?" 我说:“鸡在饲料中的比例 是多少？”
percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成;
thinking, you know, two percent. 想一下,你知道,2%。
'"Well, it's about 30 percent," he said. 结果他说:“恩,大概占30%,”
I said, "Don, what's sustainable about feeding chicken to fish?" 我说,“唐阁下,用鸡喂鱼, 这算什么可持续发展性？”
(Laughter) （笑声）
There was a long pause on the line , and he said, "there's just too much chicken in the world." 电话的那边安静了很长时间, 然后他对我说, “世界上就是有太多的鸡了。”
on the line:处于危险中;模棱两可;在电话线上;
(Laughter) （笑声）
I fell out of love with this fish. 于是,我不再爱这个鱼了。
(Laughter) （笑声）
No, not because I'm some self-righteous , goody-two shoes foodie . 不,不是因为我是个自以为是, 伪善的美食家。
self-righteous:adj.自以为是的; foodie:n.美食家;
I actually am. 其实我是这样的人。
(Laughter) （笑声）
No, I actually fell out of love with this fish because, I swear to God, after that conversation, the fish tasted like chicken. 不,我不再爱这个鱼了,是因为,我向上帝发誓, 在那次对话之后,那个鱼尝起来更像鸡。
(Laughter) （笑声）
This second fish, it's a different kind of love story. 这第二条鱼, 它则是另一种不同的爱情故事。
It's the romantic kind, the kind where the more you get to know your fish, you love the fish. 是很浪漫的那种, 那种你越多了解你的鱼, 你就越爱它。
romantic:adj.浪漫的;爱情的;n.浪漫的人;耽于幻想的人;
I first ate it at a restaurant in southern Spain. 我第一次在一个饭店中吃到这种鱼, 位置在西班牙南部。
A journalist friend had been talking about this fish for a long time. 很久以前一个记者朋友和我说过这里。
journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者;
She kind of set us up. 她可以说是个媒人。
(Laughter) （笑声）
It came to the table a bright, almost shimmering , white color. 那条鱼在桌子上 很亮,有着光晕,白色的那种。
shimmering:adj.闪烁的;微微发亮的;v.闪耀(shimmer进行式);
The chef had overcooked it. 厨师烹饪它的时间过长了。
overcooked:adj.煮得过久的;v.煮得过久;焙烧过度;(overcook的过去式和过去分词)
Like twice over. 好像是烹饪了两次。
Amazingly, it was still delicious. 但是太神奇了,它还是很好吃。
Who can make a fish taste good after it's been overcooked? 谁可以做出这样好吃的鱼 而且还是在烹饪时间过长的情况下？
I can't, but this guy can. 我不能, 但是这个人可以。
Let's call him Miguel. 让我们叫他米格尔。
Actually his name is Miguel. 其实他的名字就是米格尔。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And no, he didn't cook the fish, and he's not a chef. 但是,他没有烹调那条鱼,他也不是个厨师。
At least in the way that you and I understand it. 至少在你我理解的方式之内他不是。
in the way:妨碍;挡道;
He's a biologist at Veta La Palma . 他是一个生物学家 在薇塔拉帕尔马。
Veta:n.高山病; Palma:n.帕尔马(西班牙巴利阿里群岛首府);
It's a fish farm in the southwestern corner of Spain. 他是个位于西班牙西南角的养鱼场。
fish farm:n.养鱼场;
It's at the tip of the Guadalquivir river. 他就在高达尔克维尔河的尖部。
tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜;
Until the 1980s, the farm was in the hands of the Argentinians. 直到上个世纪80年代, 这个渔场是阿根廷人管辖的。
in the hands of:由…掌握;在…掌握中;
They raised beef cattle on what was essentially wetlands . 他们在这里养牛 那个时候这里基本上是湿地。
essentially:adv.本质上;本来; wetlands:n.湿地(wetland的复数形式);沼泽地;塘地;
They did it by draining the land. 当时他们把水抽走。
draining:v.排空;(使)流光;放干;喝光;喝干;(drain的现在分词)
They built this intricate series of canals, and they pushed water off the land and out into the river. 然后建造一系列复杂的运河, 他们接着把这里的水排入河流。
intricate:adj.复杂的;错综的,缠结的; series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书;
Well, they couldn't make it work, not economically . 但是,他们没有成功, 我是指经济方面。
economically:adv.经济地;在经济上;节俭地;
And ecologically , it was a disaster . 而且对周围的环境造成了巨大的灾难。
ecologically:adv.从生态学的观点看; disaster:n.灾难,灾祸;不幸;
It killed like 90 percent of the birds, which, for this place, is a lot of birds. 周围差不多90%的鸟类都消失了, 而在这个地区那些是很多的鸟。
And so in 1982, a Spanish company with an environmental conscience purchased the land. 到了1982年, 一家具有环保意识的的西班牙公司 购买了这块地。
conscience:n.道德心,良心; purchased:v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的过去式和过去分词)
What did they do? 他们做过什么？
They reversed the flow of water. 他们逆转了水流的方向。
reversed:v.颠倒; (reverse的过去分词和过去式)
They literally flipped the switch. 他们基本上是搬动卡关。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: flipped:v.(使)快速翻转;按(开关);轻掷;(flip的过去分词和过去式)
Instead of pushing water out, they used the channels to pull water back in. 代替排水, 他们用这个水渠来把水引进来。
They flooded the canals. 他们用水填满了这个运河。
They created a 27,000 acre fish farm -- bass , mullet, shrimp , eel -- and in the process, Miguel, and this company, completely reversed the ecological destruction. 然后建立了一个27000英亩的渔场-- 鲈鱼,梭鱼, 虾,鳗鱼 - 在这个工程中,米格尔,还有这个公司, 完全挽救了这次生态灾难。
bass:n.鲈鱼;男低音;低音部;椴树;adj.低音的; shrimp:n.虾;小虾;矮小的人;vi.捕虾;adj.有虾的;虾制的;
The farm's incredible . 这个渔场太了不起了。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
I mean, you've never seen anything like this. 我的意思是说,你从没见过类似的地方。
You stare out at a horizon that is a million miles away, and all you see are flooded canals and this thick, rich marshland . 我看着地平线 它是那么的广阔, 引入您视野的都是被注满水的河道 和这个富饶的沼泽湿地
stare:v.凝视;盯着看;注视;n.凝视; horizon:n.地平线;(欲望、知识或兴趣的)范围; marshland:n.沼泽地,沼泽地区;
I was there not long ago with Miguel. 不久前,我和米格尔去过那儿。
He's an amazing guy, three parts Charles Darwin and one part Crocodile Dundee. 他是个了不起的人, ?是达尔文,?是鳄鱼邓迪。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Okay? There we are slogging through the wetlands, and I'm panting and sweating, got mud up to my knees, and Miguel's calmly conducting a biology lecture . 我们进入了湿地, 而我是气喘吁吁汗流浃背,淤泥没到了我的膝盖, 还有米格尔静静讲述的生物讲义。
slogging:v.埋头苦干;坚持不懈地做;顽强地走;(slog的现在分词) panting:v.脉动;晃动(pant的ing形式);adj.喘气的;n.气促;脉动; calmly:adv.冷静地;平静地;安静地; conducting:v.组织;安排;实施;指挥;引导;导游(conduct的现在分词) biology:n.(一个地区全部的)生物;生物学; lecture:n.演讲;讲座;讲课;谴责;v.开讲座;讲授;讲课;指责;告诫
Here, he's pointing out a rare Black-Shouldered Kite. 这儿,他指向一只罕见的黑肩鸢。
Now, he's mentioning the mineral needs of phytoplankton . 这是,他提到可以满足矿物质需求的浮游植物。
mineral:n.矿物;矿物质;汽水;adj.矿物(性)的;含矿物的;无机的; phytoplankton:n.[植]浮游植物(群落);
And here, here he sees a grouping pattern that reminds him of the Tanzanian Giraffe. 还有这,他看到一组图案 让人联想起坦桑尼亚长颈鹿。
reminds:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的第三人称单数)
It turns out, Miguel spent the better part of his career in the Mikumi National Park in Africa. 结果,米格尔曾经花了很长时间工作在 非洲的米库米国家公园。
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; National Park:n.国家公园;
I asked him how he became such an expert on fish. 我问他是怎么 成为一位鱼类专家的。
He said, "Fish? I didn't know anything about fish. 他说: “鱼？我不了解他们。
I'm an expert in relationships." 我只是一个关系专家。”
And then he's off launching into more talk about rare birds and algaes and strange aquatic plants. 然后他发起了更多的对话 都是有关于稀有鸟类和藻类 还有特殊的水生植物。
launching:n.发射;开办;起飞;v.开始从事,发起,发动;(launch的现在分词) aquatic:adj.水生的;水栖的;在水中或水面进行的;n.水上运动;水生植物或动物;
And don't get me wrong, that was really fascinating , you know, the biotic community unplugged , kind of thing. 请不要误解我,那样的谈话真的是引人入胜, 关于生物群落一类的事情。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词) biotic:adj.生物的;有关生命的; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; unplugged:adj.不插电的(用原音乐器); vt.拔掉…的电源插头; (unplug的过去式和过去分词)
It's great, but I was in love. 这都很好,但是我恋爱了。
And my head was swooning over that overcooked piece of delicious fish I had the night before. 我脑中始终惦记着那条 我前一晚品尝过被过度烹饪的美味的鱼。
swooning:v.痴迷;对(某人)神魂颠倒;昏倒;(swoon的现在分词)
So I interrupted him. I said, "Miguel, what makes your fish taste so good?" 所以我中断了他。我说, “米格尔,什么使你的鱼那么好吃?
interrupted:v.插嘴; adj.被阻止的,中断的; (interrupt的过去分词和过去式)
He pointed at the algae . 他指向藻类。
algae:n.[植]藻类;[植]海藻;
'"I know, dude , the algae, the phytoplankton, the relationships, it's amazing. “我知道,兄弟,藻类,浮游植物, 关系,这些都很神奇。
dude:n.男人,小伙子;(非正式)花花公子;
But what are your fish eating? 但是你的鱼吃什么？
What's the feed conversion ratio?" 饲料转换率是多少？？”
Well, he goes on to tell me it's such a rich system, that the fish are eating what they'd be eating in the wild. 然后他继续告诉我 这是一个很富饶的系统, 这些鱼吃的就是它们在野外吃的东西。
The plant biomass , the phytoplankton, the zooplankton , it's what feeds the fish. 植物的生物质,浮游植物, 浮游生物,都是鱼的饲料。
biomass:n.(单位面积或体积内的)[生态]生物量; zooplankton:n.浮游动物;
The system is so healthy, it's totally self-renewing. 这个系统非常健康, 它完全是自我更新的。
There is no feed. 没有任何饲料。
Ever heard of a farm that doesn't feed its animals? 听说过一个不喂动物饲料的农场吗？
Later that day, I was driving around this property with Miguel, and I asked him, I said, "For a place that seems so natural," 那天晚些时候,我和米格尔开着车在周围兜风, 我问他,“这样一个看起来如此自然的地方,”
unlike like any farm I'd ever been at, "how do you measure success?" 不像其它任何一个我曾经见过的农场, “你如何衡量成功？”
At that moment, it was as if a film director called for a set change. 就在那时,仿佛有一位 电影导演突然要求改变场景。
And we rounded the corner and saw the most amazing sight, thousands and thousands of pink flamingos , a literal pink carpet for as far as you could see. 我们转过弯 看到最美的画面, 成千上万的粉色火烈鸟, 可以说是一张粉色的地毯。
flamingos:n.火烈鸟;火鹤(flamingo的复数); carpet:n.地毯;v.用地毯铺(房间的)地板; as far as:至于…;
'"That's success," he said. 他说,“那就是成功。”
'"Look at their bellies , pink. “看他们的腹部,粉色的。
bellies:n.腹部; v.张满; (belly的第三人称单数和复数)
They're feasting ." 他们正在享受盛宴。”
feasting:v.尽情享用(美味佳肴);(feast的现在分词)
Feasting? I was totally confused . 盛宴？我完全迷惑了。
confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式)
I said, "Miguel, aren't they feasting on your fish?" 我说,“米格尔,他们的盛宴不正是你的鱼吗？”
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"Yes," he said. “正是, 他说。
(Laughter) （笑声）
'"We lose 20 percent of our fish and fish eggs to birds. “鸟类会吃掉我们20%的鱼 还有鱼卵。
Well, last year, this property had 600,000 birds on it, more than 250 different species . 而且,去年,这个渔场 有600000只鸟, 超过250个不同的种群。
species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
It's become, today, the largest and one of the most important private bird sanctuaries in all of Europe." 今天,这里已经成为最大的 而且是全欧洲最重要的 私有鸟类自然保护区之一。
sanctuaries:n.圣殿(sanctuary的复数);
I said, "Miguel, isn't a thriving bird population like the last thing you want on a fish farm?" 我说,“米格尔,这么多的鸟类数量 不是一个渔场最不想要到的吗？”
thriving:v.兴旺发达;繁荣;旺盛;茁壮成长;(thrive的现在分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
He shook his head, no. 不,他摇摇头。
He said, "We farm extensively , not intensively . 他说, “我们是广义上的养殖, 不是刻意的。
extensively:adv.广阔地;广大地; intensively:adv.强烈地;集中地;
This is an ecological network. 这是一个生态网络。
The flamingos eat the shrimp. 这些火烈鸟吃掉虾。
The shrimp eat the phytoplankton. 虾吃浮游动物。
So the pinker the belly , the better the system." 所以他们的肚子上粉色越鲜艳, 代表这个系统越好。”
belly:n.腹部;胃;食欲;v.涨满;鼓起;
Okay, so let's review. 好的,让我们重新审视一下。
A farm that doesn't feed its animals, and a farm that measures its success on the health of its predators . 一个农场不给它的动物喂食, 而且它衡量自己的成功是 根据它的天敌。
predators:n.捕食性动物;实行弱肉强食的人(或机构);掠夺者;(predator的复数)
A fish farm, but also a bird sanctuary . 一个渔场,同时也是个鸟类庇护所。
sanctuary:n.避难所;至圣所;耶路撒冷的神殿;
Oh, and by the way , those flamingos, they shouldn't even be there in the first place . 而且,顺便说一句,那些火烈鸟, 它们本不应该在那里。
by the way:顺便说一下; in the first place:首先;起初;
They brood in a town 150 miles away, where the soil conditions are better for building nests. 它们在城里繁殖 而且是在150英里以外的, 那里的土壤状况 更加适合做巢。
brood:vt.孵;沉思;n.一窝;一伙;
Every morning, they fly 150 miles into the farm. 每天早上,它们飞行 150英里来到这个渔场。
And every evening, they fly 150 miles back. 到了晚上,他们在飞行150英里回家。
(Laughter) （笑声)
They do that because they're able to follow the broken white line of highway A92. 他们这样做是因为他们能顺着 A92号高速公路 的白线。
(Laughter) （笑声）
No kidding . 没开玩笑。
No kidding:说真的,不要开玩笑;
I was imagining a march of the penguins thing, so I looked at Miguel. 我一直在脑海中想象类似【帝企鹅日记】的事, 我看着米格尔。
penguins:n.企鹅;(penguin的复数)
I said, "Miguel, do they fly 150 miles to the farm, and then do they fly 150 miles back at night? 我说,“米格尔,它们飞行 150英里来渔场, 然后它们晚上再 飞150英里回去吗？
Do they do that for the children?" 它们这么做是为了孩子吗？”
He looked at me like I had just quoted a Whitney Houston song. 他看着我就像是我刚刚引用了惠特尼休斯顿的歌。
quoted:v.引用;引述;举例说明;开价;(quote的过去分词和过去式) Houston:n.休斯顿(美国得克萨斯州港市);
(Laughter) （笑声）
He said, "No. They do it because the food's better." 他说,“不,他们这么做因为这里的食物更好。”
(Laughter) （笑声）
I didn't mention the skin of my beloved fish, which was delicious, and I don't like fish skin. 我还没有提到我最爱的鱼的皮吧, 真的是很美味,而且我通常不喜欢鱼皮。
beloved:adj.心爱的;挚爱的;n.心爱的人;亲爱的教友;
I don't like it seared . I don't like it crispy . 我通常不喜欢烤的。我也不喜欢脆的。
seared:v.烧灼;灼伤;烤焦;轻煎;(sear的过去分词和过去式) crispy:adj.酥脆的;易碎的;干净利落的;生气勃勃的;
It's that acrid , tar-like flavor. 它有辛辣,像柏油那样的味道。
acrid:adj.辛辣的;苦的;刻薄的;
I almost never cook with it. 我从不把它和鱼一起做。
Yet, when I tasted it at that restaurant in southern Spain, it tasted not at all like fish skin. 但是,当我在西班牙南部的那个餐馆尝到它的时候, 尝起来不像是鱼皮。
not at all:毫无;一点也不;不用谢;
It tasted sweet and clean like you were taking a bite of the ocean. 它尝起来微甜而且干净 就像你尝了一口海洋自然的味道。
I mentioned that to Miguel, and he nodded. 我向米格尔提到我的想法,他点点头。
He said, "The skin acts like a sponge . 他说,“鱼皮的作用就像是海绵。
sponge:v.抹掉;用海绵擦拭;讨得;n.海绵;海绵状物;
It's the last defense before anything enters the body. 它是阻止任何物质进入到体内的最后的防线。
It evolved to soak up impurities ." 它的作用是吸收杂质。”
evolved:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;(evolve的过去分词和过去式) soak:v.浸泡;浸湿;浸透;湿透;n.浸泡;浸渍;湿透;洗澡; impurities:n.杂质(impurity的复数);
And then he added, "But our water has no impurities." 然后他继续说, “但是我们的水没有杂质.”
Okay. A farm that doesn't feed its fish. 好的。一个渔厂不喂它的鱼。
A farm that measures its success by the success of its predators. 一个渔场衡量它的成功 是依照它天敌的成功。
And then I realized when he says, a farm that has no impurities, he made a big understatement , because the water that flows through that farm comes in from the Guadalquivir river. 然后我意识到当他说, 一个渔场没有杂质, 他轻描淡写的说, 因为在渔场中流过的水 来自于高达尔克维尔河。
understatement:n.保守的陈述;不充分的陈述;有保留的陈述;
It's a river that carries with it all the things that rivers tend to carry these days, chemical contaminants , pesticide runoff . 那条河中含有 现在所有的一条河里都有的东西, 化学污染物, 农药残留。
chemical:n.化学制品,化学药品;adj.化学的; contaminants:n.[环境]污染物;污垢物(contaminant的复数); pesticide:n.杀虫剂; runoff:n.[水文]径流;决赛;流走的东西;adj.决胜的;
And when it works its way through the system and leaves, the water is cleaner than when it entered. 然后当它进入这个系统 之后离开时, 水质变得比来时更干净。
The system is so healthy, it purifies the water. 这个系统很卫生,它可以过滤这儿的水。
purifies:vt.净化;使纯净;vi.净化;变纯净;
So, not just a farm that doesn't feed its animals, not just a farm that measures its success by the health of its predators, but a farm that's literally a water purification plant, and not just for those fish, but for you and me as well. 所以,这个渔场不只是不喂动物, 不只是衡量它的成功 根据天敌的健康状况, 但是是一个渔场基本上还是个水净化厂, 而且不仅仅是为那些鱼, 更是为了你和我。
purification:n.净化;提纯;涤罪;
Because when that water leaves, it dumps out into the Atlantic . 因为当水离开这里时,它会流入大西洋。
dumps:n.废物,垃圾场(dump的复数);忧郁;v.倾倒(dump的单三形式); Atlantic:adj.大西洋的;巨人阿特拉斯的;n.大西洋;
A drop in the ocean , I know, but I'll take it, and so should you, because this love story, however romantic, is also instructive . 我知道,这个作用是十分微薄的, 但是我很重视它,而且你们应该也是, 因为这个爱情故事, 不但浪漫, 而且有教育意义。
A drop in the ocean:ph.沧海一粟;九牛一毛;冰山一角; instructive:adj.有益的;教育性的;
You might say it's a recipe for the future of good food, whether we're talking about bass or beef cattle. 你也许会说它是未来 美食的食谱, 不管是我们在说鲈鱼还是牛肉。
recipe:n.食谱;方法;诀窍;烹饪法;
What we need now is a radically new conception of agriculture, one in which the food actually tastes good. 我们现在需要的是 一个全新的农业概念, 一种真正的美食。
radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式; conception:n.怀孕;概念;设想;开始;
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
But for a lot people, that's a bit too radical. 但是对很多人来说, 那太极端了。
We're not realists , us foodies . 我们不是现实主义者,我们的美食家。
realists:n.现实主义者;实在论者; foodies:n.美食家(foodie的复数);
We're lovers . 我们是爱人。
lovers:n.情人(lover的复数形式);
We love farmers' markets. 我们爱农产品市场。
We love small family farms. 我们爱小型的家庭式农场。
We talk about local food. 我们谈论区域性食品。
We eat organic . 我们吃有机食品。
organic:adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;绿色的;有机物的;n.分子有机体;
And when you suggest these are the things that will insure the future of good food, someone somewhere stands up and says, "Hey guy, I love pink flamingos, but how are you going to feed the world?" 然后当你建议这些食品 会保证未来的美食, 某人在某地站起来说, 我说哥们,我爱粉色的火烈鸟, 但是你怎么让这个世界填饱肚子？
insure:v.投保;给…保险;接受投保;承保;
How are you going to feed the world? 你怎么为这个世界填饱肚子？
Can I be honest? 我可以坦诚点吗？
I don't love that question. 我不喜欢你的问题。
No, not because we already produce enough calories to more than feed the world. 不,不只是因为我们已经生产 了远远超出我们这个世界需要的卡路里。
calories:n.[物]卡路里(热量单位,calorie的复数);
One billion people will go hungry today. 今天十亿人还是在饿着肚子。
One billion -- that's more than ever before -- because of gross inequalities in distribution , not tonnage . 十亿--那比以前任何时候都多-- 根本原因在于总体上的分配不平衡, 不是按吨位算的。
gross:adj.总共的;粗野的;恶劣的;显而易见的;v.总共收入;n.总额,总数; inequalities:n.[数]不等式;不均等,不平衡;不平坦(inequality的复数形式); distribution:n.分布;分配;分发;分销; tonnage:n.吨位,载重量;船舶总吨数,排水量;
No, I don't love this question because it's determined the logic of our food system for the last 50 years. 我不喜欢这个问题的真正原因是因为他拟定了一个食物系统的 逻辑,一个存在于过去的50年中的逻辑。
determined:adj.决定了的:v.决定;(determine的过去分词和过去式)
Feed grain to herbivores , pesticides to monocultures , chemicals to soil, chicken to fish, and all along agribusiness has simply asked, "If we're feeding more people more cheaply, how terrible could that be?" 把谷物喂给食草动物, 把农药给单品种作物,化学品给土壤, 把鸡给鱼, 然后各类农业可以 简单的问, “如果我们用更便宜的方法养活更多的人, 有什么不对的呢？”
grain:n.粮食; v.把…作成细粒; herbivores:n.[动]食草动物,植食动物;食草者(herbivore的复数形式); pesticides:n.[农药]农药;[农药]杀虫剂(pesticide的复数); monocultures:n.(美)[农]单作;(monocultures是monoculture的复数); chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数) agribusiness:n.农业综合企业(包括农业设备,用品的制造,农产品的产销,制造加工等);
That's been the motivation , it's been the justification , it's been the business plan of American agriculture. 那就是一个动机。 它已经变得合乎情理了。 它是一个商业计划 属于美国农业的。
motivation:n.动机;积极性;推动; justification:n.理由;辩护;认为有理,认为正当;释罪;
We should call it what it is, a business in liquidation , a business that's quickly eroding ecological capital that makes that very production possible. 我们应该指出它的真面目, 一个在清算的生意, 一个迅速侵蚀的生意 生态资本使得这种生产成为可能。
liquidation:n.清算;偿还;液化;清除; eroding:v.侵蚀;磨损(erode的ing形式);adj.侵蚀的;
That's not a business, and it isn't agriculture. 那不是一个生意, 它也不是农业。
Our bread basket is threatened today, not because of diminishing supply, but because of diminishing resources . 今天我们的食品正在受到威胁, 不是因为正在递减的供给, 而是因为正在递减的资源,
diminishing:v.减少; adj.逐渐缩小的; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
Not by the latest combine and tractor invention, but by fertile land; not by pumps , but by fresh water; not by chainsaws , but by forests; and not by fishing boats and nets, but by fish in the sea. 不是靠最新的嫁接技术与拖拉机的发明, 而是肥沃的土壤, 不是靠水泵,而是靠新鲜的水源, 不是靠电锯,而是靠森林, 不是靠渔船和渔网,而是靠海洋里的鱼。
fertile:adj.富饶的,肥沃的;能生育的; pumps:n.[机]泵; v.用泵送; chainsaws:链锯(chainsaw的复数);
Want to feed the world? 想要喂饱这个世界？
Let's start by asking: How are we going to feed ourselves? 让我们开始问:我们怎么去喂养我们自己？
Or better, How can we create conditions that enable every community to feed itself? 或者更好的,我们怎么去建立一种环境 它可以让每一个团体 去养活自己？
enable:v.使能够;使有机会;使成为可能;使可行;
(Applause) （掌声）
To do that, don't look at the agribusiness model for the future. 要做到那样, 不要指望未来沿用现在的农业模型。
It's really old, and it's tired. 它已经过时了,而且很疲劳。
It's high on capital, chemistry, and machines, and it's never produced anything really good to eat. 因为它过度依赖资本,化学,和机械, 而且它生产不出来真正的好食品。
Instead, let's look to the ecological model. 取而代之,让我们看看生态模式。
That's the one that relies on two billion years of on-the-job experience. 它存在了20亿年 同时具有实战经验。
relies:信任; on-the-job:adj.在职的;
Look to Miguel -- farmers like Miguel. 看看米格尔, 看看像米格尔这样的农民,
Farms that aren't worlds unto themselves; farms that restore instead of deplete; farms that farm extensively instead of just intensively; farmers that are not just producers, but experts in relationships. 不只属于他们自己的农场, 它自我恢复,而不是消耗, 广义的农场 取代只是狭义的, 农民不再只是生产者, 而是关系专家,
restore:v.恢复;修复;恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原;
Because they're the ones that are experts in flavor too. 因为他们 同时也是口味上的专家。
And if I'm going to be really honest, they're a better chef than I'll ever be. 而且如果要我说实话, 他们是比我更好的厨师。
You know, I'm okay with that, because if that's the future of good food, it's going to be delicious. 你们知道,我完全认同这样的事, 因为如果未来的优质食品是这样的,它们肯定会是非常美味的。
Thank you. 谢谢你们。
(Applause) （掌声）?