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CynthiaBreazeal_2010W-_个人机器人的兴起_
Ever since I was a little girl seeing "Star Wars" for the first time, 我还是个小女孩 第一次看“星球大战”时,
I've been fascinated by this idea of personal robots. 我就着迷于 个人机器人的想法。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
And as a little girl, 作为一个小女孩,
I loved the idea of a robot that interacted with us much more like a helpful, trusted sidekick -- something that would delight us, enrich our lives and help us save a galaxy or two. 我喜欢与我们互动的机器人更像是 一个有助的,值得信赖的伙伴的想法 -- 可以令我们欢乐,充实我们的生活, 并帮助我们拯救一两个银河系。
interacted:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的过去分词和过去式) sidekick:n.伙伴,老朋友;插袋; delight:n.高兴;vi.高兴;vt.使高兴; enrich:v.充实;使丰富;使富有;使富裕; galaxy:n.银河;[天]星系;银河系;一群显赫的人;
I knew robots like that didn't really exist, but I knew I wanted to build them. 因此我知道那样的机器人实际上并不存在, 但是我知道我想要制作出它们。
So 20 years pass -- 二十年过去了--
I am now a graduate student at MIT studying artificial intelligence , the year is 1997, and NASA has just landed the first robot on Mars . 现在我是在MIT的一个研究生 学习人工智能, 在1997年, 美国国家航空和航天管理局发射了登上火星的第一个机器人。
artificial intelligence:n.人工智能; Mars:n.火星
But robots are still not in our home, ironically . 讽刺的是,机器人却始终不在我们的家里。
ironically:adv.讽刺地;说反话地;
And I remember thinking about all the reasons why that was the case. 我记得我考虑了 所有的原因。
But one really struck me. 但是有一个原因令我作罢。
Robotics had really been about interacting with things, not with people -- certainly not in a social way that would be natural for us and would really help people accept robots into our daily lives. 机器人技术的确是与事物互动, 而并非人类-- 的确不是以一种自然的社交方式 来使人们接受机器人 进入我们的日常生活中。
Robotics:n.机器人学; interacting:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的现在分词)
For me, that was the white space; that's what robots could not do yet. 对我来说,这是片空白,这是机器人还无法做到的。
And so that year, I started to build this robot, Kismet , the world's first social robot. 所以那一年,我开始制造这个机器人,Kismet, 世界上第一个社交机器人。
Kismet:n.天命;命运;
Three years later -- a lot of programming, working with other graduate students in the lab -- 三年之后-- 许多的程序, 和其他的研究生一起在实验室工作--
Kismet was ready to start interacting with people. Kismet已经做好了和人类互动的准备。
(Video) Scientist: I want to show you something. （视频）科学家:我想向你们展示些东西。
Kismet: (Nonsense) Kismet:（无意义的声音）。
Scientist: This is a watch that my girlfriend gave me. 科学家:这是我女朋友送给我的手表。
Kismet: (Nonsense) Kismet:（无意义的声音）。
Scientist: Yeah, look, it's got a little blue light in it too. 科学家:看,它里面有一个小蓝灯。
I almost lost it this week. 这周我差点丢了它。
Cynthia Breazeal: So Kismet interacted with people like kind of a non-verbal child or pre-verbal child, which I assume was fitting because it was really the first of its kind. 辛西娅 布雷齐尔: Kismet 与人类互动 正如一个不能说话或者是发声前的孩子, 我认为这很合适因为它是第一个这类的机器人。
Cynthia:n.月亮;月亮女神; non-verbal:adj.非语言的;非用言语的; assume:v.承担;假定;采取;呈现; fitting:adj.适合的;恰当的;n.试衣;小配件,附件;v.适合,合身;试穿;(fit的现在分词)
It didn't speak language, but it didn't matter. 他不会说任何语言,但是无所谓。
This little robot was somehow able to tap into something deeply social within us -- and with that, the promise of an entirely new way we could interact with robots. 这个小机器人却可以 深深触动我们内心的交际性。 于是,这预示了一种我们能与机器人 交流的全新的方式。
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
So over the past several years 因此过去的这几年
I've been continuing to explore this interpersonal dimension of robots, now at the media lab with my own team of incredibly talented students. 我持续地探索机器人的这些与人互动的各个方面, 现在在媒体实验室 和我的无与伦比的天才学生们组成的团队。
explore:v.探索:探测:探险: interpersonal:adj.人际关系的;人际的; dimension:n.方面;[数]维;尺寸;次元;容积vt.标出尺寸;adj.规格的; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
And one of my favorite robots is Leonardo. 我最喜欢的一个机器人是里昂纳多.
We developed Leonardo in collaboration with Stan Winston Studio . 我们与斯坦·温斯顿工作室一起研发了里昂纳多。
collaboration:n.合作;勾结;通敌; Studio:n.工作室;[广播][电视]演播室;画室;电影制片厂;
And so I want to show you a special moment for me of Leo. 我想向你们展示一个我与里昂纳多的特殊的时刻。
This is Matt Berlin interacting with Leo, introducing Leo to a new object. 这是迈特·柏林正在和里昂纳多互动, 向里昂介绍一种新的物体。
And because it's new, Leo doesn't really know what to make of it. 因为是新事物,里昂纳多并不知道对此该怎么做。
But sort of like us, he can actually learn about it from watching Matt's reaction . 但是有点像我们,他可以通过观察 马特的反映来学习。
reaction:n.反应,感应;反动,复古;反作用;
(Video) Matt Berlin: Hello, Leo. （视频）马特柏林:你好,里昂。
Leo, this is Cookie Monster . 里昂,这是饼干怪兽。
Monster:n.怪物;恶魔;庞然大物;adj.巨大的;
Can you find Cookie Monster? 你可以找到饼干怪兽吗？
Leo, Cookie Monster is very bad. 里昂,饼干怪兽非常的坏。
He's very bad, Leo. 他很坏,里昂。
Cookie Monster is very, very bad. 饼干怪兽是非常非常的坏。
He's a scary monster. 他是个可怕的怪兽。
He wants to get your cookies. 他想得到你的饼干。
(Laughter) （笑声）
CB: All right, so Leo and Cookie might have gotten off to a little bit of a rough start, but they get along great now. 辛西娅·布雷齐尔:里昂和饼干 开始交往的时候有点困难, 但是他们现在相处得很好。
a little bit of a:一点点了;
So what I've learned through building these systems is that robots are actually a really intriguing social technology , where it's actually their ability to push our social buttons and to interact with us like a partner that is a core part of their functionality . 所以我所学到的是 经过建立这些系统, 机器是实际上是 一种真正有趣的社交科技。 机器人有能力 触动我们的交际按钮 像我们的伙伴一样同我们交流 这是他们功能的核心。
intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核; functionality:n.功能;[数]泛函性,函数性;
And with that shift in thinking, we can now start to imagine new questions, new possibilities for robots that we might not have thought about otherwise. 有了这种思考上的变化,我们现在可以开始想象 对于机器人我们不曾想到的 新的问题和心得可能性。
shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换;
But what do I mean when I say "push our social buttons?" 但什么是我所说的“触动我们交际的按钮”呢？
Well, one of the things that we've learned is that, if we design these robots to communicate with us using the same body language , the same sort of non-verbal cues that people use -- like Nexi, our humanoid robot, is doing here -- what we find is that people respond to robots a lot like they respond to people. 我们所学到的一件事情 就是,如果我们设计这些机器人来和我们交流 用相同的肢体语言, 用和人类相同的所谓的非语言暗示 -- 像Nexi, 我们的类人机器人在这里所做的 -- 我们发现,我们对机器人的回应 十分类似于我们对他人的回应。
body language:n.身势语; cues:n.开端,线索;提示,关键;球杆;诱因(cue的复数形式); humanoid:adj.像人的;n.类人动物; respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
People use these cues to determine things like how persuasive someone is, how likable , how engaging , how trustworthy . 人们用这些线索来决定一个人多有说服力, 多讨人喜爱,多迷人, 多值得信任。
determine:v.决定;确定;测定;查明;形成;影响;裁决;安排; persuasive:adj.有说服力的;劝诱的,劝说的; likable:adj.可爱的; engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词) trustworthy:adj.可靠的;可信赖的;
It turns out it's the same for robots. 实际上,机器人也一样。
It's turning out now that robots are actually becoming a really interesting new scientific tool to understand human behavior. 结果现在 机器人实际上变成了一种非常有趣的新的科学工具 来理解人类行为。
scientific:adj.科学的,系统的;
To answer questions like, how is it that, from a brief encounter , we're able to make an estimate of how trustworthy another person is? 来回答一些类似这样的问题:从一次简短的相见, 我们能够判断另一个人有多值得信任么？
encounter:v.遭遇,邂逅;遇到;n.遭遇,偶然碰见; estimate:v.估计;估算;估价;n.估价;(对大小、数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本;
Mimicry's believed to play a role, but how? 模仿被认为在起作用,但究竟是如何呢？
Is it the mimicking of particular gestures that matters? 是不是模仿一个特定的姿势有影响呢？
mimicking:v.模仿人的言行举止;做滑稽模仿;像,似;(mimic的现在分词) gestures:n.手势; v.做手势; (gesture的第三人称单数和复数)
It turns out it's really hard to learn this or understand this from watching people because when we interact we do all of these cues automatically . 事实上从观察人类 来学习这些或者理解这些是非常难的 因为当我们互动时我们不用自主地做出所有的这些暗示。
automatically:adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地;adj.不经思索的;
We can't carefully control them because they're subconscious for us. 我们不能小心地控制他们因为他们是我们的潜意识。
subconscious:adj.潜意识的;下意识的;n.潜在意识;下意识心理活动;
But with the robot, you can. 但是和机器人互动时你却可以。
And so in this video here -- this is a video taken from David DeSteno's lab at Northeastern University. 因此在这段视频中-- 这是一段在东北大学大卫·德斯迪诺的实验室里录制的视频。
Northeastern:adj.在东北的;东北方的;来自东北的;
He's a psychologist we've been collaborating with. 他是一名和我们合作过的心理学家。
psychologist:n.心理学家,心理学者; collaborating:v.合作;协作;通敌;勾结敌人;(collaborate的现在分词)
There's actually a scientist carefully controlling Nexi's cues to be able to study this question. 有科学家在仔细控制着Nexi的肢体暗示信号 来研究这个问题。
And the bottom line is -- the reason why this works is because it turns out people just behave like people even when interacting with a robot. 结论是 - -这样做有效的原因是 -- 结果是人们行动正如人类 就算他们和机器人互动。
the bottom line:底线;本质内容;最底线; behave:v.表现;(机器等)运转;举止端正;(事物)起某种作用;
So given that key insight , we can now start to imagine new kinds of applications for robots. 因此有了那个关键的洞察之后, 我们现在可以开始想象 机器人新的应用程序。
insight:n.洞察力;洞悉;
For instance , if robots do respond to our non-verbal cues, maybe they would be a cool, new communication technology. 例如,如果机器人对我们非语言的暗示做出反应, 他们可能成为一种很酷的,新的交流技术。
instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例;
So imagine this: 因此,想象一下:
What about a robot accessory for your cellphone ? 给你的手机一个机器人佩饰怎么样？
accessory:n.配件;附件;[法]从犯;adj.副的;同谋的;附属的; cellphone:n.蜂窝式便携无线电话;大哥大;
You call your friend, she puts her handset in a robot, and, bam! You're a MeBot -- you can make eye contact , you can talk with your friends, you can move around , you can gesture -- maybe the next best thing to really being there, or is it? 你可以告诉你的朋友,她将她的耳机放在一个机器人里, 然后,嘣！你就是一个MeBot-- 你可以利用眼神交流,你可以和你的朋友交流, 你可以到处移动,你可以做肢体语言-- 或许退而求其次地真实的存在于此,不是么？
handset:n.手机,电话听筒; contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系; move around:v.走来走去;绕着…来回转;
To explore this question, my student, Siggy Adalgeirsson, did a study where we brought human participants , people, into our lab to do a collaborative task with a remote collaborator . 为了探索这个问题 我的学生,Siggy Adalgeirsson,做了一个研究 我们召集了一些参与者在我们的实验室 与一个远程合作者 共同完成一个合作任务。
participants:n.参与者(participant的复数形式); collaborative:adj.合作的,协作的; remote:adj.偏远的;偏僻的;遥远的;久远的; collaborator:n.[劳经]合作者;勾结者;通敌者;
The task involved things like looking at a set of objects on the table, discussing them in terms of their importance and relevance to performing a certain task -- this ended up being a survival task -- and then rating them in terms of how valuable and important they thought they were. 任务包括 想看桌子上放置的一系列东西, 然后讨论这些东西对于完成一个特定任务-最终是一个生存任务-- 的相关性和重要性-- 然后根据他们认为这样东西多有价值 多重要来打分。
involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) relevance:n.关联;适当;中肯; performing:adj.表演的;演奏的;v.做;执行;演出;运转(perform的现在分词) survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; valuable:adj.有价值的;贵重的;可估价的;n.贵重物品;
The remote collaborator was an experimenter from our group who used one of three different technologies to interact with the participants. 远程合作者是一个来自我们组的试验人员 他们使用三种不同的科技手段 来与参与者互动。
technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数);
The first was just the screen. 第一种是屏幕。
This is just like video conferencing today. 就像如今的视频会议一样。
conferencing:n.会议技术;v.开会(conference的现在分词);
The next was to add mobility -- so, have the screen on a mobile base. 第二种我们加入了移动性,一个便携的屏幕。
mobility:n.移动性;机动性;[电子]迁移率; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的;
This is like, if you're familiar with any of the telepresence robots today -- this is mirroring that situation. 就像,如果你熟悉任何现有的远程呈现机器人的话 -- 这与那种情形相似。
familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; telepresence:n.思科网真(一种通过结合高清晰度视频,音频和交互式组件,在网络上创建一种独特的"面对面"体验的新型技术);
And then the fully expressive MeBot. 接着是能充分表现的MeBot。
expressive:adj.表现的;有表现力的;表达…的;
So after the interaction , we asked people to rate their quality of interaction with the technology, with a remote collaborator through this technology, in a number of different ways. 因此在互动之后, 我们要求人们和一个远程的合作者 用这种科技以不同的方式, 去评价他们与科技互动的质量,
interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
We looked at psychological involvement -- how much empathy did you feel for the other person? 我们考虑了心理的投入度-- 你有多么设身处地地考虑另一个人？
psychological:adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的; involvement:n.牵连;包含;混乱;财政困难; empathy:n.神入;移情作用;执着;
We looked at overall engagement . 我们看了整体的参与度。
overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的; engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度;
We looked at their desire to cooperate . 我们考虑了他们合作的欲望度。
cooperate:v.合作;配合;协作;结合;
And this is what we see when they use just the screen. 这是他们只是用屏幕的结果。
It turns out, when you add mobility -- the ability to roll around the table -- you get a little more of a boost . 如果你加入移动性 -- 在桌子上转动的能力 -- 你能得到一点提高。
boost:n.提高;增长;帮助;激励;v.使增长;使兴旺;偷窃;
And you get even more of a boost when you add the full expression . 但如果加入完全的表达,你能得到更高的提高。
expression:n.表现,表示,表达;
So it seems like this physical , social embodiment actually really makes a difference. 所以看上去实体的交流化身 能起重要的作用。
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; embodiment:n.体现;化身;具体化;
Now let's try to put this into a little bit of context . 现在把这个放入大一点的社会环境。
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
Today we know that families are living further and further apart, and that definitely takes a toll on family relationships and family bonds over distance. 我们知道如今家庭成员之间住的越来越远, 这距离确实给我们的家庭关系 和家庭联结打了折扣。
definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地; toll:n.伤亡人数; v.(缓慢而有规律地)敲(钟); (尤指)鸣(丧钟);
For me, I have three young boys, and I want them to have a really good relationship with their grandparents. 就我而言,我有三个小儿子, 我想让他们和他们的爷爷奶奶 有很好的关系。
But my parents live thousands of miles away, so they just don't get to see each other that often. 但是我的父母住得远隔千里, 所以他们并不能那么经常见到彼此。
We try Skype , we try phone calls, but my boys are little -- they don't really want to talk; they want to play. 我们尝试Skype, 我们尝试打电话, 但是我的孩子们还小 -- 他们不想说话, 他们想玩儿。
Skype:n.网络电话(一个网络语音沟通工具);
So I love the idea of thinking about robots as a new kind of distance-play technology. 他们会喜欢这个机器人成为 一种新的远程游戏科技的想法。
I imagine a time not too far from now -- my mom can go to her computer, open up a browser and jack into a little robot. 所以我想象在不远的将来 -- 我的妈妈能够坐在电脑前, 打开一个浏览窗然后化身为一个小小的机器人。
browser:n.[计]浏览器;吃嫩叶的动物;浏览书本的人;
And as grandma-bot, she can now play, really play, with my sons, with her grandsons, in the real world with his real toys. 如同机器人奶奶, 她可以游戏,真正的游戏, 和我的儿子,她的孙子, 在这个真实世界和他的真实的玩具。
I could imagine grandmothers being able to do social-plays with their granddaughters, with their friends, and to be able to share all kinds of other activities around the house, like sharing a bedtime story. 我可以想象祖母们能够和她们的孙女,她们的朋友 做一些社交的游戏, 并且可以分享在房屋周围的所有的其他的活动, 如同分享一个睡前的故事。
And through this technology, being able to be an active participant in their grandchildren's lives in a way that's not possible today. 通过这种科技, 成为一个活跃的参与者 在她们的孙子的生活中 以一种今天不可能的方式。
Let's think about some other domains , like maybe health. 让我们来想像其他的一些领域, 如同健康,
domains:n.域,域名;领域;网域(domain的复数形式);
So in the United States today, over 65 percent of people are either overweight or obese , and now it's a big problem with our children as well. 今天在美国, 超过65%的人超重或者有肥胖症, 现在我们的孩子也有同样的问题。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) overweight:adj.超重的;过重的;vt.使负担过重;n.超重; obese:adj.肥胖的,过胖的;
And we know that as you get older in life, if you're obese when you're younger, that can lead to chronic diseases that not only reduce your quality of life, but are a tremendous economic burden on our health care system. 我们知道如果你变老, 如果你在年轻的时候肥胖,那将导致慢性疾病 那将不仅仅降低我们生活的质量, 并且对保健系统也还是一个硕大的经济负担。
chronic:adj.慢性的;长期的;习惯性的; diseases:n.[医]病(disease的复数);[医]疾病;[植保]病害;疾病种类; tremendous:adj.极大的,巨大的;惊人的;极好的; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; burden:n.负担;责任;船的载货量;v.使负担;烦扰;装货于; health care:n.卫生保健;
But if robots can be engaging, if we like to cooperate with robots, if robots are persuasive, maybe a robot can help you maintain a diet and exercise program, maybe they can help you manage your weight. 但是如果机器人可以有趣味, 如果我们愿意和机器人合作, 如果机器人有说服力, 一个机器人可能可以帮助你 维持一个饮食和锻炼项目, 他们可能可以帮助你管理你的体重。
maintain:v.维持;保持;维修;保养;坚持(意见);
Sort of like a digital Jiminy -- as in the well-known fairy tale -- a kind of friendly, supportive presence that's always there to be able to help you make the right decision in the right way at the right time to help you form healthy habits. 这正像是我们熟知的 童话故事中的电子吉米尼, 机器人作为一种友好支持的存在 总能在那里帮你做出正确抉择 以合适的方式,在合适的时间, 来帮你组建健康习惯。
digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; Jiminy:int.天啊(表示温和的惊讶所用感叹词); well-known:adj.著名的;众所周知的;清楚明白的; fairy tale:adj.童话的;童话式的; supportive:adj.支持的;支援的;赞助的; at the right time:在适当时候;
So we actually explored this idea in our lab. 因此我们实际上已经探索了这个主意。
explored:v.探索;勘探;考察;探险;(explore的过去式和过去分词)
This is a robot, Autom. 这是一个机器人,叫Autom.
Cory Kidd developed this robot for his doctoral work. 克里·基德为他的博士论文发明了这个机器人
Kidd:n.基德(姓名); doctoral:adj.博士的;博士学位的;有博士学位的;n.博士论文;
And it was designed to be a robot diet-and-exercise coach. 他被设计为一个机器人健康饮食锻炼教练。
It had a couple of simple non-verbal skills it could do. 它由一些简单的非语言技巧。
It could make eye contact with you. 它可以与你眼神交流。
It could share information looking down at a screen. 它可以低头看屏幕与你分享信息。
You'd use a screen interface to enter information, like how many calories you ate that day, how much exercise you got. 你将用一个屏幕界面输入信息, 像你今天吃了多少卡路里, 运动了多少
interface:n.接口;人机界面;连接电路;v.连接; calories:n.[物]卡路里(热量单位,calorie的复数);
And then it could help track that for you. 他就能追踪记录那些
track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;
And the robot spoke with a synthetic voice to engage you in a coaching dialogue modeled after trainers and patients and so forth. 同时机器人可以用它人造的合成声音 与你进行指导对话。 这些对话模拟真实的 训练者与病人的交流。
synthetic:adj.综合的;合成的,人造的;n.合成物; patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数)
And it would build a working alliance with you through that dialogue. 所以通过对话,它可以与你形成 一种工作同盟。
alliance:n.联盟,联合;联姻;
It could help you set goals and track your progress, and it would help motivate you. 它帮你建立目标,记录你的进程, 帮助你激励你。
motivate:v.激励;激发;成为…的动机;是…的原因;
So an interesting question is, does the social embodiment really matter? Does it matter that it's a robot? 因此一个有趣的问题就是, 这种社会的载体真的重要吗？这种载体是一个机器人有关系吗？
Is it really just the quality of advice and information that matters? 还是知识建议和信息的质量有影响？
To explore that question, we did a study in the Boston area where we put one of three interventions in people's homes for a period of several weeks. 因此去解决那个问题, 我们在波士顿地区作了一个研究 在几周时间里,我们把三种介入方式的一种 放入人们的家中。
Boston:n.波士顿(美国城市); interventions:n.[法]干预,干涉;处置(intervention的复数);
One case was the robot you saw there, Autom. 一种是你看过的机器人, Autom.
Another was a computer that ran the same touch-screen interface, ran exactly the same dialogues. 另一种是一个有同样触摸屏幕界面, 运行完全相同的对话。
touch-screen:触摸屏;
The quality of advice was identical . 建议的质量也完全相同。
identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物;
And the third was just a pen and paper log, because that's the standard intervention you typically get when you start a diet-and-exercise program. 第三种是一支笔和一张纸, 因为那是传统上开始一项 饮食锻炼计划典型的介入方式。
standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地;
So one of the things we really wanted to look at was not how much weight people lost, but really how long they interacted with the robot. 所以我们特别想要关注的是 不是人们减少了多少体重, 而是他们与机器人能维持多久的交流。
Because the challenge is not losing weight, it's actually keeping it off. 因为挑战不是减去重量,而是保持重量下降。
And the longer you could interact with one of these interventions, well that's indicative , potentially , of longer-term success. 所以你能越长时间与这些介入方式互动, 就越能表明有潜在获得长久成功的可能。
indicative:adj.象征的;指示的;表示…的;n.陈述语气;陈述语气的动词形式; potentially:adv.可能地,潜在地;
So the first thing I want to look at is how long, how long did people interact with these systems. 所以我想看的第一件事情就是多久, 人们可以与这些系统互动多久。
It turns out that people interacted with the robot significantly more, even though the quality of the advice was identical to the computer. 结果是人们和机器人互动的时间 远远多于其他, 尽管建议的质量和电脑是完全一样的。
significantly:adv.意味深长地;值得注目地;
When it asked people to rate it on terms of the quality of the working alliance, people rated the robot higher and they trusted the robot more. 当询问人们去评价相互合作的质量 人们评价机器人更高 他们更相信机器人。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And when you look at emotional engagement, it was completely different. 当我们看到感性的介入, 是完全的不同情况。
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
People would name the robots. 人们愿意给机器人起名字。
They would dress the robots. 人们愿意给机器人穿衣服。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And even when we would come up to pick up the robots at the end of the study, they would come out to the car and say good-bye to the robots. 甚至当我们结束学习研究取回机器人的时候, 他们愿意从车中走出来并对机器人说再见。
come up to:v.达到;等于;
They didn't do this with a computer. 他们从未对电脑作过这些。
The last thing I want to talk about today is the future of children's media. 今天我想要谈的最后一件事情就是 孩子媒体的未来。
The last thing I want:我最不希望的就是;
We know that kids spend a lot of time behind screens today, whether it's television or computer games or whatnot . 我们知道现在孩子花更多的时间在屏幕之后, 不论是电视还是电脑游戏或者别的。
whatnot:n.放古董的架子;不可名状的东西;
My sons, they love the screen. They love the screen. 我的儿子,他们热爱屏幕。他们热爱屏幕。
But I want them to play; as a mom, I want them to play, like, real-world play. 但是我希望他们游戏,如果一个妈妈我希望他们 能像在真实世界里一样游戏。
real-world:adj.现实生活的;工作的;
And so I have a new project in my group I wanted to present to you today called Playtime Computing that's really trying to think about how we can take what's so engaging about digital media and literally bring it off the screen into the real world of the child, where it can take on many of the properties of real-world play. 所以我想向你们呈现我组里的一个新项目 名为游戏时间计算 这技术想要把 电子媒体中最有趣吸引的东西 带出屏幕, 带入到孩子们的真实的世界, 拥有现实中有喜的许多性质。
Playtime:n.游戏或娱乐的时间;开幕时刻; Computing:n.计算;计算机技术;信息处理技术;v.计算;求出;(compute的现在分词) literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
So here's the first exploration of this idea, where characters can be physical or virtual , and where the digital content can literally come off the screen into the world and back. 所以这是这种理念的第一个探索, 游戏角色可以使实体的和虚拟的, 其中,电子的内容 能走出屏幕 进入现实然后回去。
exploration:n.探索;勘探;探险;[医]探查术; virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认); content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足;
I like to think of this as the Atari Pong of this blended-reality play. 我喜欢把这想象成 这种虚拟现实游戏的 Atar Pong (第一台街机游戏机)
Atari:n.雅达利(美国一家电脑游戏机厂商); Pong:n.乒乓球;恶臭;难闻的气味;vi.发出难闻的气味;adj.乒乓的;
But we can push this idea further. 但我们可以将这个想法发展得更远。
What if -- 如果--
What if:如果…怎么办?
(Game) Nathan: Here it comes. Yay! （游戏）内森:他来了,耶！
CB: -- the character itself could come into your world? 辛西娅·布雷齐尔:--卡通人物本身能进入你的世界？
It turns out that kids love it when the character becomes real and enters into their world. 结果是孩子们很爱它 当那个卡通人物变成了真实的并且进入他们的世界。
And when it's in their world, they can relate to it and play with it in a way that's fundamentally different from how they play with it on the screen. 当它在他们的世界, 他们可以与它建立联系,用一种与他们在屏幕里玩 完全不同的方式,在现实里与它玩。
fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地
Another important idea is this notion of persistence of character across realities. 另一个重要的概念是卡通形象穿越 现实的一致性。
notion:n.观念;信念;理解; persistence:n.持续;固执;存留;坚持不懈;毅力;
So changes that children make in the real world need to translate to the virtual world. 所以孩子们在现实中做的变化 也许要进入虚拟世界。
translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变;
So here, Nathan has changed the letter A to the number 2. 因此这里,内森把字母A改成了数字2。
You can imagine maybe these symbols give the characters special powers when it goes into the virtual world. 你可以想象当这些象征进入虚拟世界时 他能给与这些人物特殊的力量。
symbols:n.符号;象征;标志;符号表(symbol的复数);
So they are now sending the character back into that world. 所以他们现在将这些人物送回那个世界。
And now it's got number power. 现在他得到了数字的力量。
And then finally , what I've been trying to do here is create a really immersive experience for kids, where they really feel like they are part of that story, a part of that experience. 最终,我一直努力在做的 就是为孩子们创造一个真正沉浸在其中的体验, 他们能够搞到他们是故事中的一部分, 经历中的一部分。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; immersive:n.沉浸式;沉浸感;增加沉浸感;
And I really want to spark their imaginations the way mine was sparked as a little girl watching "Star Wars." 我真的希望能够激发他们的想象力 正如我是个小女孩观看“星球大战”被启发的那样。
imaginations:n.[心理]想象力;空想;幻想物; sparked:v.点燃,发动(spark的过去式,过去分词);鼓舞;
But I want to do more than that. 但是我想要做更多。
I actually want them to create those experiences. 我实际上想让他们创造这些经验。
I want them to be able to literally build their imagination into these experiences and make them their own. 我想让他们能够真的将他们的想象力 建造到这些经验中,成为他们自己的经验。
So we've been exploring a lot of ideas in telepresence and mixed reality to literally allow kids to project their ideas into this space where other kids can interact with them and build upon them. 所以我们在远程呈现和混合现实领域 探索了许多理念 能够允许孩子把他们的想法投射在这个空间, 在那里其他的孩子能够同他们互动 进一步发挥想象。
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词)
I really want to come up with new ways of children's media that foster creativity and learning and innovation . 我真地想要找到孩童媒体的新方向 能培养创造力,学习能力,和创新能力。
come up with:提出;想出;赶上; foster:vt.培养;养育,抚育;抱(希望等);adj.收养的,养育的; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
I think that's very, very important. 我认为这非常非常的重要
So this is a new project. 所以这是一个新的项目。
We've invited a lot of kids into this space, and they think it's pretty cool. 我们邀请了一些孩子来到这个空间 他们以为这个十分的酷
But I can tell you, the thing that they love the most is the robot. 但是我可以告诉你,他们最爱的是 机器人。
What they care about is the robot. 他们所关心的是机器人。
Robots touch something deeply human within us. 机器人触动我们深处的人性。
And so whether they're helping us to become creative and innovative , or whether they're helping us to feel more deeply connected despite distance, or whether they are our trusted sidekick who's helping us attain our personal goals in becoming our highest and best selves, for me, robots are all about people. 因此它们是否帮助我们 变得更加富有创造力和创新能力, 或者他们帮助我们 彼此跨越距离,更加联结, 还是他们是我们可信赖的好帮手 帮我们实现我们的个人目标 实现更高更好的自我, 对我而言,机器人是与人类有关的一切。
creative:adj.创造性的; innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; attain:v.得到;(通常经过努力)获得;达到(某年龄、水平、状况);
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）