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ColinPowell_2012X-_孩子需要结构_
What I want to do this afternoon is something a little different than what's scheduled. 今天下午,我想做些 和预订计划稍微不同的事
different than:不同于;
Foreign policy , you can figure that out by watching, I don't know, Rachel Maddow or somebody, but — (Laughter) — 若想了解外交政策 你们可以欣赏,我不知道,Rachel Maddow（美国自由派名嘴）或某人的节目 但－（笑声）－
policy:n.政策,方针;保险单;
I want to talk about young people and structure , young people and structure. 我想谈论的是年轻人和结构 年轻人和结构
structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造;
This was last Wednesday afternoon at a school in Brooklyn, New York, at Cristo Rey High School, run by the Jesuits. 这是上周三下午 在纽约布鲁克林区一所学校 由耶稣会经营的Cristo Rey高中
And I was talking to this group of students, and take a look at them. 当时我对这群学生演讲,并观察他们
take a look at:看一看;检查;
They were around me in three directions. 他们以三个方向环绕着我
You'll noticed that almost all of them are minority . 你们注意到他们几乎都是少数族群
minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的;
You'll notice that the building is rather austere . 你们注意到这栋建筑十分简陋
austere:adj.严峻的;简朴的;苦行的;无装饰的;
It's an old New York school building, nothing fancy . 这是一栋老旧的纽约校舍,十分简朴
fancy:n.幻想; adj.想象的; v.想象;
They still have old blackboards and whatnot . 他们仍使用旧式黑板等设备
whatnot:n.放古董的架子;不可名状的东西;
And there are about 300 kids in this school, and the school's been going now for four years, and they're about to graduate their first class. 大约300名孩子在这所学校就读 这所学校已成立四年 首届学生即将毕业
Twenty-two people are graduating, and all 22 are going to college. 毕业生共有二十二人 二十二人都会上大学
They all come from homes where there is, for the most part , just one person in the home, usually the mother or the grandmother, and that's it, and they come here for their education and for their structure. 他们全都来自于－大多来自于 只有一位亲人的家庭 通常是母亲或祖母,仅此而已 他们来这里接受教育 及结构训练
for the most part:adv.在极大程度上,多半;
Now I had this picture taken, and it was put up on my Facebook page last week, and somebody wrote in, "Huh, why does he have him standing at attention like that?" 我拍了这张相片 上星期贴上我的Facebook页面 有人留言说 “哼,他为何让他像这样立正？”
And then they said, "But he looks good." (Laughter) 接着写道,“但他看起来不错”（笑声）
He does look good, because kids need structure, and the trick I play in all of my school appearances is that when I get through with my little homily to the kids, 他看起来确实不错,因为孩子需要结构 我每次造访学校,必定会玩个把戏 当我稍微向孩子们说教后
appearances:n.露面;外观;出现;表面的迹象[征兆];(appearance的复数) homily:n.说教;训诫;
I then invite them to ask questions, and when they raise their hands, I say, "Come up," 接着会邀请他们发问 当他们举起手时,我会说,“到台上来”
and I make them come up and stand in front of me. 让他们在我面前站好
I make them stand at attention like a soldier. 我让他们像士兵一样立正
Put your arms straight down at your side, look up, open your eyes, stare straight ahead, and speak out your question loudly so everybody can hear. 双臂笔直地贴在身侧 抬头挺胸、睁大双眼、直视前方 大声说出问题,让每个人都能听见
stare:v.凝视;盯着看;注视;n.凝视; speak out:畅所欲言;大胆地说;大声地说;
No slouching , no pants hanging down, none of that stuff . 不可弯腰驼背不可衣衫不整地穿垮裤等
slouching:adj.懒散的;没精打采的;v.没精打采地坐着;使低垂(slouch的ing形式); stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
(Laughter) （笑声）
And this young man, his name is -- his last name Cruz -- he loved it. That's all over his Facebook page and it's gone viral . 这位年轻人,名字是－他姓Cruz－ 他爱极了,在Facebook上大肆宣扬,使这件事广为流传
last name:n.姓;姓氏; viral:adj.滤过性毒菌引起的;滤过性毒菌的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
So people think I'm being unkind to this kid. 所以人们认为我刁难这个孩子
unkind:adj.无情的;不仁慈的,不厚道的;
No, we're having a little fun. 并非如此,我们乐在其中
And the thing about it, I've done this for years, the younger they are, the more fun it is. 至于这样的事,我已行之多年 在年纪越小的孩子身上效果越有趣
When I get six- and seven-year-olds in a group, 当我面对一群六、七岁的孩子时
I have to figure out how to keep them quiet. 必须设法让他们安静下来
You know that they'll always start yakking . 你们知道,他们总是聒噪不休
yakking:n.牦牛;喋喋不休;
And so I play a little game with them before I make them stand at attention. 因此我先和他们玩个小游戏 才让他们立正站好
I say, "Now listen. In the army, when we want you to pay attention, we have a command. It's called 'at ease.' 我说,“听着,在军队里” 当我们希望你集中注意力时 我们有个口令,叫做“稍息”
It means everybody be quiet and pay attention. Listen up. 表示每个人都得安静并留意,专心聆听
Do you understand?" “明白吗？”
'"Uh-huh, uh-huh, uh-huh.""Let's practice. Everybody start chatting." “嗯哼、嗯哼、嗯哼”“让我们做个练习,大家开始聊天”
And I let them go for about 10 seconds, then I go, "At ease!" 我让他们吵大约十秒钟然后大喊,“稍息！”
'"Huh!" (Laughter) “啊！”（笑声）
'"Yes, General. Yes, General." “是,将军。是,将军”
Try it with your kids. See if it works. (Laughter) 不妨在你们孩子身上试试,看看是否奏效（笑声）
I don't think so. 我想不太可能
But anyway, it's a game I play, and it comes obviously from my military experience. 总之这是我玩的一个游戏,显然这来自于 我的军事生涯体验
military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
Because for the majority of my adult life, 因为我成年后大半时光
majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
I worked with young kids, teenagers with guns, I call them. 都和年轻人共事,我称他们为“持枪青年”
And we would bring them into the army, and the first thing we would do is to put them in an environment of structure, put them in ranks, make them all wear the same clothes, cut all their hair off so they look alike, make sure that they are standing in ranks. 我们将他们带入军队 我们所做的第一件事,就是将他们 放入组织境里,将他们放入行伍中 让他们全都穿着相同服装 剃短头发,让他们看起来如出一辙 确保他们能列队站好
We teach them how to go right face, left face, so they can obey instructions and know the consequences of not obeying instructions. 我们教他们如何向右转、向左转 让他们服从指示 了解不服从指示的后果
consequences:n.后果,结果;影响(consequence的复数); obeying:v.服从;遵守;顺从;(obey的现在分词)
It gives them structure. 这让他们明白何谓组织结构
And then we introduce them to somebody who they come to hate immediately, the drill sergeant . 然后向他们介绍一位他们立刻会痛恨的人,士官长
sergeant:n.军士;警察小队长;海军陆战队中士;高等律师;
And they hate him. 他们对他恨之入骨
And the drill sergeant starts screaming at them, and telling them to do all kinds of awful things. 士官长开始对他们大声呼喊 命令他们做各种难为的事
But then the most amazing thing happens over time. 但随着时光流逝最令人惊异的事逐渐发生
Once that structure is developed, once they understand the reason for something, once they understand, "Mama ain't here, son. 一旦发展出那种组织结构 一旦他们明白某件事的道理 一旦他们明白,“妈妈不在这里,孩子”
I'm your worst nightmare . I'm your daddy and your mommy. “我是你们最糟的噩梦,我是你们的父母”
nightmare:n.恶梦;梦魇般的经历;adj.可怕的;噩梦似的;
And that's just the way it is. You got that, son? “明白吗？事实就是如此,了解吗,孩子？”
Yeah, and then when I ask you a question, there are only three possible answers: yes, sir; no, sir; and no excuse, sir. “当我问你们问题时,只有三个可能答案” “是,长官;不,长官;没有理由,长官”
Don't start telling me why you didn't do something. “别告诉我为何你们没做到某件事”
It's yes, sir; no, sir; no excuse, sir." “你只能回答:是,长官;不,长官;没有理由,长官”
'"You didn't shave .""But sir —" “你没刮胡子”“但长官－”
shave:v.刮胡子;(尤指)刮脸;(少量地)削减;n.修面;刮脸;剃须;
'"No, don't tell me how often you scraped your face this morning. “不,别告诉我你今早老是刮伤脸皮”
scraped:v.刮掉;削去;擦坏;擦伤;刮坏;(scrape的过去分词和过去式)
I'm telling you you didn't shave." “我说的是你没刮胡子”
'"No excuse, sir."" Attaboy , you're learning fast." “没有理由,长官”“好小子,算你识相”
Attaboy:int.(对男性表示鼓励或钦佩)好样的
But you'd be amazed at what you can do with them once you put them in that structure. 但你会惊讶于能让他们做到的事 一旦你将他们放入那个组织结构中后
In 18 weeks, they have a skill. They are mature . 十八周后,他们会拥有一身本领,他们会变得成熟
mature:v.成熟; adj.明白事理的;
And you know what, they come to admire the drill sergeant and they never forget the drill sergeant. 知道吗？他们开始钦佩士官长 他们对士官长永难忘怀
They come to respect him. 他们开始尊敬他
And so we need more of this kind of structure and respect in the lives of our children. 因此我们需要将更多这种结构和尊敬 灌输到孩子的生活中
I spend a lot of time with youth groups, and I say to people, "When does the education process begin?" 我花了很多时间和年轻人相处 当我询问人们,“教育过程从何时开始？”
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
We're always talking about, "Let's fix the schools. 大家总是说,“让我们改善学校”
Let's do more for our teachers. Let's put more computers in our schools. “让我们为教师提供更多方案让我们在学校装设更多计算机”
Let's get it all online." “让我们将一切放上网络”
That isn't the whole answer. It's part of the answer. 那并非全部答案,仅是部分答案
But the real answer begins with bringing a child to the school with structure in that child's heart and soul to begin with. 但真正答案从孩子入学开始 将组织结构的概念灌输到孩子心灵中
heart and soul:全心全意地;
When does the learning process begin? Does it begin in first grade? 学习过程从何时开始？从一年级开始吗？
No, no, it begins the first time a child in a mother's arms looks up at the mother and says, "Oh, this must be my mother. 不,不,它开始于 孩子第一次在母亲怀中 仰视母亲时 心想,“喔,这必定是我的母亲”
She's the one who feeds me. “她是抚育我的人”
Oh yeah, when I don't feel so good down there, she takes care of me. “喔,是的,当我不舒服时” “她会照料我”
It's her language I will learn." “我将学习她的语言”
And at that moment they shut out all the other languages that they could be learning at that age, but by three months, that's her. 那时,他们会将所有那个年纪能学习的其他语言 都拒之门外 在最初三个月中,只听得进她的语言
And if the person doing it, whether it's the mother or grandmother, whoever's doing it, that is when the education process begins. 如果做这件事的人,无论是母亲 或祖母,无论做这件事的人是谁 那就是教育过程的开始
That's when language begins. 那就是语言的开始
That's when love begins. That's when structure begins. 那就是爱的开始,那就是结构的开始
That's when you start to imprint on the child that "you are special, you are different from every other child in the world. 那就是当你开始对孩子灌输 “你是特别的” “你和世上任何其他孩子都不同”
imprint:n.印记;痕迹;特征;版本说明;vt.加特征;刻上记号;
And we're going to read to you." “我们会念书给你听”
A child who has not been read to is in danger when that child gets to school. 不曾听过他人念书的孩子 入学后将处于风险中
A child who doesn't know his or her colors or doesn't know how to tell time, doesn't know how to tie shoes, doesn't know how to do those things, and doesn't know how to do something that goes by a word that was drilled into me as a kid: mind. 一位不知道自己肤色的孩子 或不知道如何看时间,不知道如何系鞋带 不知道如何做那些事 不知道如何遵守 自小就扎根于我脑海的字眼:注意
Mind your manners! Mind your adults! Mind what you're saying! 注意你的举止！注意身边的大人！注意你说的话！
This is the way children are raised properly. 这就是正确教养孩子的方式
And I watched my own young grandchildren now come along and they're, much to the distress of my children, they are acting just like we did. You know? You imprint them. 当我现在观察自己年幼孙辈的言行 他们令我的孩子苦恼万分 他们的反应就像当年的我们知道吗？你们让他们深受影响
distress:n.危难,不幸;贫困;悲痛;v.使悲痛;使贫困;
And that's what you have to do to prepare children for education and for school. 你们必须做的事就是让孩子为接受教育和上学做准备
And I'm working at all the energy I have to sort of communicate this message that we need preschool , we need Head Start , we need prenatal care. 现在,我竭尽所能地 宣扬这个讯息 我们需要学前教育,我们需要启蒙计划 我们需要胎教
preschool:adj.未满学龄的;就学前的,入学前的;n.幼儿园,育幼院; Head Start:领先;抢先起步的优势;有利的开端; prenatal:adj.产前的;胎儿期的;[医]出生以前的;
The education process begins even before the child is born, and if you don't do that, you're going to have difficulty. 教育过程甚至在孩子诞生之前已经开始 如果不这么做,将会面临困境
And we are having difficulties in so many of our communities and so many of our schools where kids are coming to first grade and their eyes are blazing , 许多小区面临这些困境 许多学校中的孩子 成为一年级新生时,他们双眼发亮
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) blazing:adj.酷热的;极其愤怒的;v.熊熊燃烧;闪耀;发亮光;怒视;(blaze的现在分词)
they've got their little knapsack on and they're ready to go, and then they realize they're not like the other first graders who know books, have been read to, can do their alphabet. 他们背上小背包,准备上学 然后发现自己不像其他一年级生一样 熟知书中内容他们已经听过,看得懂英文字母
knapsack:n.背包; graders:分级机;分类机;…年级学生;[建]平地机(grader的复数);
And by the third grade, the kids who didn't have that structure and minding in the beginning start to realize they're behind, and what do they do? 到了三年级,那些一开始缺乏 那种结构和思维的孩子 开始意识到自己落后他人,他们怎么做？
They act it out. They act it out, and they're on their way to jail or they're on their way to being dropouts . 他们表现脱轨行为,然后踏上 通往监狱之路,或踏上辍学之路
jail:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;v.监禁;下狱; dropouts:n.退学学生;脱落;信号失落;(dropout的复数)
It's predictable . 这是意料之事
predictable:adj.可预言的;
If you're not at the right reading level at third grade, you are a candidate for jail at age 18, and we have the highest incarceration rate because we're not getting our kids the proper start in life. 如果到了三年级时,你的阅读能力不及格 到了十八岁,就是入狱的候选者 我们拥有最高的入监率 因为我们没有让孩子的生命拥有正确的开始
incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭;
The last chapter in my book is called "The Gift of a Good Start." 我的著作中最后一章,标题为 “以好的开始作礼物”
The gift of a good start. Every child ought to have a good start in life. 以好的开始作礼物每个孩子的生命都应该拥有好的开始
I was privileged to have that kind of good start. 我有幸拥有这种好的开始
privileged:adj.有特权的; v.给予特权; (privilege的过去式和过去分词)
I was not a great student. 我并非一位杰出学生
I was a public school kid in New York City, and I didn't do well at all. 我就读于纽约市一所公立学校 各方面表现都不佳
public school:(美国和苏格兰的初等或中等的)公立中小学;寄宿学校;
I have my entire New York City Board of Education transcript from kindergarten through college. 我从纽约市教育局取得一份 从幼儿园到大学的完整成绩单
transcript:n.成绩单;抄本,副本;文字记录; kindergarten:n.幼儿园;
I wanted it when I was writing my first book. 于撰写第一本着作时申请
I wanted to see if my memory was correct, and, my God, it was. (Laughter) 我想知道我的记忆是否正确 天哪,确实如此（笑声）
Straight C everywhere. 从头到尾都是C
And I finally bounced through high school, got into the City College of New York with a 78.3 average, which I shouldn't have been allowed in with, and then I started out in engineering , and that only lasted six months. (Laughter) 我终于在高中时期翻身 进入纽约市立学院 以平均78.3分的成绩我本来应该无法录取 我最初主修工程学 仅持续了六个月（笑声）
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词)
And then I went into geology , "rocks for jocks ." This is easy. 然后转攻地质学“捡石头运动”,简单极了
geology:n.地质学;地质情况; jocks:大学的运动员(jock的名词复数);
And then I found ROTC. 然后我发现ROTC（大学储备军官训练团）
I found something that I did well and something that I loved doing, and I found a group of youngsters like me who felt the same way. 我发现某样我擅长且喜欢的事 我发现一群志同道合的年轻人
And so my whole life then was dedicated to ROTC and the military. 因此我将毕生奉献于ROTC和军方
dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式)
And I say to young kids everywhere, as you're growing up and as this structure is being developed inside of you, always be looking for that which you do well and that which you love doing, and when you find those two things together, man, you got it. 我经常对年轻人说,随着年龄增长 随着这种结构在你身上成长茁壮 努力不懈地寻找你所擅长及喜爱的事 当你发现两者吻合时,老兄,你找到了
That's what's going on. And that's what I found. 这就是我的经历,这就是我的领悟
Now the authorities at CCNY were getting tired of me being there. 此时,纽约市立学院越来越厌倦我的存在
authorities:n.权力;威权;职权;批准;(authority的复数)
I'd been there four and a half going on five years, and my grades were not doing particularly well, and I was in occasional difficulties with the administration. 我在那里读了四年半,将近五年 我的成绩不甚理想 我和校方不时有些摩擦
particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; occasional:adj.偶然的;临时的;特殊场合的;
And so they said, "But he does so well in ROTC. 因此他们说,“但他在ROTC表现优异”
Look, he gets straight A's in that but not in anything else." “看,他在那方面全都拿A,但其他方面都不行”
And so they said, "Look, let's take his ROTC grades and roll them into his overall GPA and see what happens." 因此他们说:“好,我们不妨采用他的ROTC成绩” “并入大学平均成绩（Overall GPA）,看看情况如何”
overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的;
And they did, and it brought me up to 2.0. (Laughter) 他们这么做了,使我的GPA上升到2.0（笑声）
Yep. (Laughter) (Applause) 没错（笑声）（掌声）
They said, "It's good enough for government work. 他们说,“这个成绩足以进政府单位”
Give him to the army. We'll never see him again. We'll never see him again." “把他送入军队我们再也不会见到他,我们再也不会见到他”
So they shipped me off to the army, and lo and behold , many years later, 因此他们把我送入军队 瞧,多年后
behold:v.看;注视;把...视为;int.瞧;看呀;
I'm considered one of the greatest sons the City College of New York has ever had. (Laughter) 我被认为是纽约市立学院最杰出的校友之一（笑声）
So, I tell young people everywhere, it ain't where you start in life, it's what you do with life that determines where you end up in life, and you are blessed to be living in a country that, no matter where you start, you have opportunities so long as you believe in yourself, you believe in the society and the country, and you believe that you can self-improve and educate yourself as you go along. 因此,我经常对年轻人说 并非生命的起点而是你如何挥洒生命 决定了生命的结果 你有幸生活在这个国家 无论从何处起步,都拥有机会 只要你相信自己 相信这个社会和国家 相信你可以自我提升 随时自我教育
determines:v.查明;测定;准确算出;决定;裁决;安排;(determine的第三人称单数) blessed:adj.神圣的; v.求上帝降福于; (bless的过去分词和过去式) so long as:adv.只要;
And that's the key to success. 那就是成功的关键
But it begins with the gift of a good start. 但这始于好的开始这份礼物
If we don't give that gift to each and every one of our kids, if we don't invest at the earliest age, we're going to be running into difficulties. 如果我们不将这份礼物给予每一位孩子 如果我们不在最早阶段进行投资 我们将面临困境
invest:v.投资;(把资金)投入;投入(时间、精力等);授予;
It's why we have a dropout rate of roughly 25 percent overall and almost 50 percent of our minority population living in low-income areas, because they're not getting the gift of a good start. 这就是整体辍学率将近25 %的原因 将近50 %少数族群 生活在低收入地区 因为他们得不到好的开始这份礼物
roughly:adv.粗糙地;概略地;
My gift of a good start was not only being in a nice family, a good family, but having a family that said to me, "Now listen, we came to this country in banana boats in 1920 and 1924. 我拥有好的开始这份礼物不仅是诞生于不错的家庭 好的家庭,还有会对我这么说的家人 “听着,我们乘着香蕉船来到这个国家” “在1920和1924年”
We worked like dogs down in the garment industry every single day. “我们每天在成衣厂做牛做马”
garment:n.衣服,服装;外表,外观;vt.给…穿衣服;
We're not doing it so that you can stick something up your nose or get in trouble. And don't even think about dropping out." “我们这么做不是为了让你吸毒” “或惹是生非,更别动辍学的念头”
If I had ever gone home and told those immigrant people that, "You know, I'm tired of school and I'm dropping out," 如果我胆敢对身为移民的父母说 “你们知道吗？我厌倦了学校,打算辍学”
immigrant:n.(外来)移民;外侨;adj.侨民的;
they'd said, "We're dropping you out. We'll get another kid." 他们会说,“我们打算和你断绝关系,就当没生过这个孩子”
(Laughter) （笑声）
They had expectations for all of the cousins and the extended family of immigrants that lived in the South Bronx , but they had more than just expectations for us. 他们对所有表亲 甚至住在南布朗克斯的远亲移民都有所期许 但他们对我们的期许不仅于此
expectations:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望;(expectation的复数) extended family:n.家族; immigrants:n.移民(immigrant的复数); Bronx:n.布朗克斯(纽约市最北端的一区);布朗克斯鸡尾酒;
They stuck into our hearts like a dagger a sense of shame: "Don't you shame this family." 他们将羞耻心彷佛匕首般地刺进我们心坎 “别让家族蒙羞”
dagger:n.匕首,短剑;v.用剑刺;
Sometimes I would get in trouble, and my parents were coming home, and I was in my room waiting for what's going to happen, and I would sit there saying to myself, "Okay, look, take the belt and hit me, but, God, don't give me that 'shame the family' bit again." 有时我会惹麻烦 我父母会连忙赶回家 我待在自己房间里,等待后续发展 我独自坐着,对自己说,“好” “拿起皮带狠狠打我一顿,但－”天哪,别再说什么‘让家族蒙羞’了”
belt:n.皮带;腰带;传动带;传送带;v.猛击;狠打;飞奔;飞驰;
It devastated me when my mother did that to me. 当母亲这么对我说时,总是令我大受打击
devastated:adj.不安的,混乱的,震惊的; v.彻底破坏; (devastate的过去分词和过去式)
And I also had this extended network. 我也拥有一个广大的网络
Children need a network. Children need to be part of a tribe , a family, a community . 孩子需要一个网络,孩子需要成为族群 家庭和小区的一份子
tribe:n.部落;族;宗族;一伙; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
In my case it was aunts who lived in all of these tenement buildings. 以我的情况来说就是住在所有廉价公寓中的阿姨
tenement:n.房屋;住户,租户;租房子;
I don't know how many of you are New Yorkers, but there were these tenement buildings, and these women were always hanging out one of the windows, leaning on a pillow . 我不知道在座有多少是纽约人 但纽约市有些廉价公寓 这些女人总是望着窗外 倚着枕头
leaning:n.倾向;偏向;爱好;v.前俯(或后仰);倾斜;倚靠;(lean的现在分词) pillow:n.枕头;v.垫;枕于…;使…靠在;
They never left. (Laughter) 她们从不离开（笑声）
I, so help me God, I grew up walking those streets, and they were always there. 老天保佑,我在这些街道上长大 她们总是存在
They never went to the bathroom. They never cooked. (Laughter) 她们从不上厕所、从不煮饭（笑声）
They never did anything. 她们什么也不干
But what they did was keep us in play. 但她们所做的就是让我们守法守分
They kept us in play. 她们不断地让我们守法守分
And they didn't care whether you became a doctor or a lawyer or a general, and they never expected any generals in the family, as long as you got an education and then you got a job. 她们不在乎 你是否成为医生、律师或将军 她们不曾期望家族中出个将军 只要你接受教育,然后找一份工作
as long as:conj.只要;长达;如果;既然;
'"Don't give us any of that self-actualization stuff. “别跟我们谈什么自我实现的理想”
self-actualization:n.自我实现;
You get a job and get out of the house. “只要找份工作,搬出家门”
We don't have time to waste for that. “我们没时间浪费在那种事上”
And then you can support us. That's the role of you guys." “之后你就可以支持我们这就是你们这些孩子的责任”
And so, it's so essential that we kind of put this culture back into our families, all families. 因此,这是相当重要的一点我们应该将这种文化 导回我们的家庭,所有家庭
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
And it is so important that all of you here today who are successful people, and I'm sure have wonderful families and children and grandchildren, it's not enough. You've got to reach out and back and find kids like Mr. Cruz who can make it if you give them the structure, if you reach back and help, if you mentor , if you invest in boys and girls clubs, if you work with your school system, make sure it's the best school system, 这十分重要,在座各位 都是成功人士 我相信你们都拥有美好的家庭和子孙 这并不足够,你们必须伸出援手 帮助像Cruz先生这样的孩子 他们可以有所成就,如果你们给予他们结构 如果你们伸出援手,如果你们提供指导 如果你们资助男女童军 如果你们和学校系统携手合作 确保它成为最佳的学校系统
mentor:n.指导者,良师益友;vt.指导;
and not just your kid's school, but the school uptown in Harlem , not just downtown Montessori on the West Side. 不仅是你们孩子的学校还有那些位于哈林区的学校 不仅是位于西区市中心的蒙特梭利学校
uptown:n.住宅区;adj.住宅区的;adv.(美)在住宅区;(美)在城镇非商业区; Harlem:n.黑人住宅区(纽约的); downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的;
All of us have to have a commitment to do that. 我们每个人都该致力于这方面的贡献
commitment:n.承诺;投入;保证;许诺;
And we're not just investing in the kids. 我们投资的不仅是孩子
investing:v.投资;投入(时间、精力等);(invest的现在分词)
We're investing in our future. 我们投资的是我们的未来
We're going to be a minority-majority country in one more generation. 再过一个世代 我们将成为以少数族群为主的国家
Those that we call minorities now are going to be the majority. 现在我们称为少数族群的人,将会变成多数人口
minorities:n.少数(minority的复数形式);少数民族;少数族裔;
And we have to make sure that they are ready to be the majority. 我们必须确保他们为成为多数人口做好准备
We have to make sure they're ready to be the leaders of this great country of ours, a country that is like no other, a country that amazes me every single day, a country that's fractious . We're always arguing with each other. 我们必须确保他们准备好 成为这个伟大国家的领袖 一个与众不同的国家 一个每天都带给我惊喜的国家 一个充满纷争的国家,我们总是争论不休
fractious:adj.易怒的;倔强的,难以对待的;
That's how the system's supposed to work. 这就是这个系统的运作方式
supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
It's a country of such contrasts , but it's a nation of nations. 这是一个充满对立的国家,但它是国中之国
contrasts:n.[经]反差,对比(contrast的复数); v.使…对比;
We touch every nation. Every nation touches us. 我们和每个国家息息相关每个国家也和我们息息相关
We are a nation of immigrants. 我们是移民国家
That's why we need sound immigration policy. 这就是为什么我们需要健全的移民政策
immigration:n.外来移民;移居;
It's ridiculous not to have a sound immigration policy to welcome those who want to come here and be part of this great nation, or we can send back home with an education to help their people rise up out of poverty . 这是十分荒谬的事－没有健全的移民政策 欢迎那些想来这里成为这个伟大国家一份子的人 或者我们可以给予他们教育机会 帮助他们的人民脱离贫困
ridiculous:adj.可笑的;荒谬的; poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣;
One of the great stories I love to tell is about my love of going to my hometown of New York and walking up Park Avenue on a beautiful day and admiring everything and seeing all the people go by from all over the world. 其中一个让我津津乐道的精采故事是 我喜欢返回纽约故居 在晴朗的日子沿着公园大道散步 欣赏周遭一切,观察与我擦肩而过 来自世界各地的人
Avenue:n.途径;(城镇的)大街;林荫道(尤指通往大住宅者);选择;
But what I always have to do is stop at one of the corners and get a hot dog from the immigrant pushcart peddler . 但我必定会做的事就是在其中一个转角停下 在移民手推车摊贩买热狗
pushcart:n.手推车; peddler:n.小贩;传播者;
Gotta have a dirty water dog. (Laughter) 非得吃个脏兮兮的热狗不可（笑声）
And no matter where I am or what I'm doing, 无论我身处何方或正在做什么
I've got to do that. 都非得做这件事不可
I even did it when I was Secretary of State . 即使担任国务卿时也不例外
Secretary of State:n.(英国)大臣;(美国)国务卿;
I'd come out of my suite at the Waldorf Astoria — (Laughter)?— be walking up the street, and I would hit around 55th Street looking for the immigrant pushcart peddler. 我会走出Waldorf Astoria酒店套房 （笑声） 沿着街道前进,然后在第55街转角 寻找移民手推车摊贩
suite:n.套房;一套家具;组曲(由三个或更多相关部分组成);套装软件; Astoria:n.阿斯托里亚(俄勒冈州西北端的城市);
In those days, I had five bodyguards around me and three New York City police cars would roll alongside to make sure nobody whacked me while I was going up Park Avenue. (Laughter) 当年我身边跟着五个保镳 三辆纽约市警车沿途护送 确保我沿着公园大道前进时不会遭到攻击（笑声）
bodyguards:n.保镖(bodyguard的复数); whacked:adj.筋疲力尽; v.猛打; (whack的过去分词和过去式)
And I would order the hot dog from the guy, and he'd start to fix it, and then he'd look around at the bodyguards and the police cars -- "I've got a green card ! I've got a green card !" (Laughter) 我会向小贩买个热狗 他会开始制作,然后环顾四周 看见那些保镳和警车 “我有绿卡！我有绿卡！”（笑声）
green card:n.绿卡(允许外国人在美国居住和工作的法律证件);
'"It's okay, it's okay." “没事、没事”
But now I'm alone. I'm alone. 但现在我独自一人,独自一人
I've got no bodyguards, I've got no police cars. I've got nothing. 没有保镳,没有警车,什么也没有
But I gotta have my hot dog. 但还是得吃热狗
I did it just last week. It was on a Tuesday evening down by Columbus Circle. 我上星期才买过,那是某个星期二傍晚 就在哥伦布圆环附近
And the scene repeats itself so often. 这是司空见惯的场景
I'll go up and ask for my hot dog, and the guy will fix it, and as he's finishing, he'll say, "I know you. I see you on television. 我上前买热狗 那个小贩开始制作,即将完成时 他说,“我认得你,我在电视上见过你”
You're, well, you're General Powell ." “你是…嗯…你是鲍威尔将军”
Powell:n.鲍威尔(英国物理学家);
'"Yes, yes.""Oh ... " “是、是”“喔…”
I hand him the money. 我把钱递给他
'"No, General. You can't pay me. I've been paid. “不,将军你不能付我钱,我已得到报偿”
America has paid me. I never forget where I came from. “美国已经给了我报偿我永远不会忘记自己来自何方”
But now I'm an American. Sir, thank you." “但我现在是美国人,长官,谢谢”
I accept the generosity , continue up the street, and it washes over me, my God, it's the same country that greeted my parents this way 90 years ago. 我接受他的好意,继续沿着街道前进 脑海里浮现一个念头,天哪 这就是九十年前以同样方式欢迎我父母的国家
generosity:n.慷慨,大方;宽宏大量;
So we are still that magnificent country, but we are fueled by young people coming up from every land in the world, and it is our obligation as contributing citizens to this wonderful country of ours to make sure that no child gets left behind. 因此,这依然是当年那个泱泱大国 但来自世界各地的年轻人 为这个国家贡献心力 我们的义务是 成为对这个美好国家有所贡献的公民 确保没有任何孩子会被遗忘
magnificent:adj.高尚的;壮丽的;华丽的;宏伟的; obligation:n.义务;责任;职责;(已承诺的或法律等规定的)义务; contributing:v.捐献,捐赠(尤指款或物);捐助;增加;增进;(contribute的现在分词)
Thank you very much. 十分感谢
(Applause) （掌声）