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ChrisSheldrick_2017G-_地球上任何角落都能有个精确的「三字地址」_
According to the UN, billions of people still live without an address. 根据联合国的资料, 有数十亿人的住所是没有地址的。
According to:根据,据说;
The economist Hernando de Soto said, "Without an address, you live outside the law. 经济学家埃尔南多德索托说过: 「若你没有地址, 你就是住在法律之外,
You might as well not exist." 那和不存在没有两样。」
might as well:不妨,何妨;还是…的好;
I'm here to tell you how my team and I are trying to change that. 我来此告诉各位, 我和我的团队在试图改变这点。
If you go to an online map and look at a favela in Brazil or a township in South Africa, you'll see a few streets but a lot of empty space. 如果你去看线上地图, 去找巴西的一个贫民区, 或是南非的一个镇, 你会看到少数几条街, 和非常多的空地。
favela:n.(巴西的)贫民区; Brazil:n.巴西(拉丁美洲国家); township:n.镇区;小镇;
But if you flip to satellite view, there are thousands of people, homes and businesses in these vast, unmapped and unaddressed spaces. 但如果你切换到卫星画面, 其实有数以千计的人、 住家、及企業, 在那没有被画上地图 也没有地址的广大空间里。
flip:n.浏览;空翻;轻抛;捻掷;v.迅速翻动;按(开关);按(按钮);开(或关)(机器等); unmapped:adj.未绘制地图的;地图上未标明的; unaddressed:adj.无姓名地址的;
In Ghana's capital, Accra, there are numbers and letters scrawled onto the sides of walls, where they piloted address systems but not finished them. 在迦纳的首都阿克拉, 有数字和字母被潦草地写在墙边, 他们开始尝试地址 系统,但并没完成。
scrawled:vt.潦草地写;乱涂;vi.乱涂,涂鸦;乱写;n.潦草的笔迹;
But these places, these unaddressed places, hold huge economic potential . 但这些地方,这些没有地址的地方, 有着很大的经济潜力。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
Here's why the issue of addressing stuck with me. 我之所以这么执着于地址议题,
issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
I worked in the music business for 10 years, and what you may not know about the music world is that every day, people struggle with the problems of addressing. 是因为我在音乐界工作了十年, 你们可能不知道,在音乐世界里, 每天,人们都会被地址问题所苦。
So from the musicians who have to find the gigs to the production companies who bring the equipment, everyone somehow always gets lost. 音乐家得要找到表演的场子, 制作公司要带来器材, 大家似乎总会有办法迷路。
gigs:n.轻便两轮马车; v.用鱼叉捕鱼(gig的三单形式); somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
We even had to add someone to our schedules who was the person you called when you thought you'd arrived but then realized you hadn't. 我们甚至得在计画表中加上一个人, 这个人是你认为你到达了 但接着发现其实没有时, 就打电话求救的人。
And we had some pretty bad days, like in Italy, where a truck driver unloaded all the equipment an hour north of Rome, not an hour south of Rome, and a slightly worse day where a keyboard player called me and said, 我们有些相当糟的日子, 在义大利,一个卡车司机 把所有的装备都御货在 罗马北边一小时的地方, 而非南边一小时, 也有更糟一点的日子, 一个键盘手打电话给我,说:
unloaded:adj.[电]空载的;v.卸货;解除…的负担;倾销;(unload的过去式和过去分词) slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
'"Chris, don't panic , but we may have just sound-checked at the wrong people's wedding." 「克里斯,别慌, 但我们刚做的声音测试, 可能误做到别人的婚礼了。」
panic:adj.恐慌的;n.惊恐;恐慌;惶恐不安;v.惊慌失措;
(Laughter) （笑声）
So not long after the fated Rome event, 所以,在不幸的 罗马事件之后没多久,
I chatted this through with a friend of mine who is a mathematician , and we thought it was a problem we could do something about. 我和一位朋友聊到此事, 他是个数学家, 我们认为这是个问题, 且我们能做点什么。
mathematician:n.数学家;善作数字计算的人;
We thought, well, we could make a new system, but it shouldn't look like the old system. 我们认为,我们可以做个新的系统, 但它应该要和旧系统不一样。
We agreed that addresses were bad. 我们都同意,地址不好用。
We knew we wanted something very precise , but GPS coordinates , latitude and longitude , were just too complicated . 我们知道,我们想要高精确度。 但 GPS 座标、经纬度, 这些都太复杂了。
precise:adj.准确的;确切的;精确的;明确的; coordinates:n.[数]坐标;相配之衣物;v.使协调;使调和(coordinate的第三人称单数形式); latitude:n.纬度;界限;活动范围; longitude:n.[地理]经度;经线; complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式)
So we divided the world into three-meter squares. 所以我们把世界 切割成三公尺的方块。
The world divides into around 57 trillion three-meter squares, and we found that there are enough combinations of three dictionary words that we could name every three-meter square in the world uniquely with just three words. 世界被切成 57 兆个三公尺方块, 我们发现,用字典中的三个字, 就能创造出足够的组合, 来给予世界上每个三公尺方块 一个独一无二的名称, 只要三个字。
trillion:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿; combinations:n.[数]组合;制品(combination的复数);合谱; uniquely:adv.独特地;珍奇地;
We used 40,000 words, so that's 40,000 cubed , 64 trillion combinations of three words, which is more than enough for the 57-trillion-odd three-meter squares, with a few spare . 我们用了四万个字, 那就是四万的三次方, 三个字就有 64 兆个组合, 对于 57 兆个三公尺方块 来说是绰绰有余了, 还有可以备用的。
cubed:v.立方(cube的过去分词); spare:v.节约,吝惜;饶恕;分出,分让;adj.多余的;瘦的;少量的;n.剩余;备用零件;
So that's exactly what we did. 所以我们就这么做了。
We divided the world into three-meter squares, gave each one a unique, three-word identifier -- what we call a three-word address. 我们把世界切割成三公尺的方块, 给每个方块一个 由三个字组成的识别码, 我们称之为「三字地址」。
identifier:n.标识符,认同者;检验人,鉴定人;
So for example, right here, 比如,在这里,
I'm standing at mustards-coupons-pinup, 我现在站在「芥末． 折价券．钉饰」上,
(Laughter) （笑声）
but over here ... 但到这里……
I'm standing at pinched- singularly-tutorial. 我就站在「拧捏．奇特．教程」上。
But we haven't just done this in English. 但我们并不只有用英文来做。
We thought it was essential that people should be able to use this system in their own language. 我们认为重要的是要 让人们能用自己的语言 来使用这个系统,
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
So far, we've built it into 14 languages, including French, Swahili and Arabic, and we're working on more now, like Xhosa, Zulu and Hindi . 目前,我们已经建立了十四种语言, 包括法文、斯华西里语、阿拉伯文, 我们还在努力做更多, 如科萨语、祖鲁语、北印度语。
Zulu:n.祖鲁人;祖鲁语;adj.祖鲁人的; Hindi:n.北印度语;adj.北印度的;
But this idea can do a lot more than just get my musicians to their gigs on time. 但这个点子还有更多其他用处, 不只是能让我的音乐家 准时到表演的场子。
If the 75 percent of countries that struggle with reliable addressing started using three-word addresses, there's a stack of far more important applications. 如果 75% 苦于没有 可靠地址可用的国家 开始使用「三字地址」, 那会有非常多更重要的应用。
reliable:adj.可信赖的;可依靠的;真实可信的;可靠的; stack:n.堆栈;一摞;大量;许多;v.(使)放成整齐的一叠(或一摞,一堆);
In Durban, South Africa, an NGO called Gateway Health have distributed to 11,000 three-word address signs to their community , so the pregnant mothers, when they go into labor, can call the emergency services and tell them exactly where to pick them up from, because otherwise, the ambulances have often taken hours to find them. 在南非的德尔班, 有个非政府组织叫做「健康入口」, 已经分发了 11,000 个 「三字地址」标志 到他们的社区中, 这么一来,当怀孕的母亲 开始临盆阵痛时, 能打紧急求救电话 并告知他们应来的正确地点, 因为,若不这么做,救护车 需要几小时才找得到他们。
distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式) community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; pregnant:adj.怀孕的;富有意义的; emergency services:n.应急服务机构(治安、消防、救护和海岸警卫); ambulances:n.[车辆][医]救护车(ambulance的复数);
In Mongolia, the National Post Service have adopted the system and are now doing deliveries to many people's houses for the first time. 在蒙古,国家邮政服务 采用了这个系统, 现在能送信到许多从来没有 收过信的人家。
adopted:adj.被收养的;被采用的;v.采用;接受;(adopt的过去式和过去分词); deliveries:n.[贸易]交货(delivery的复数);已交付;
The UN is using it to geotag photos in disaster zones so they can deliver aid to exactly the right place. 联合国用它来标记 灾区照片的地理位置, 这样就能把援助准确送达。
disaster:n.灾难,灾祸;不幸;
Even Domino's Pizza are using it in the Caribbean , because they haven't been able to find customers' homes, but they really want to get their pizza to them while its still hot. 甚至达美乐比萨也在 加勒比海使用这个系统, 因为他们找不到客人的家, 但他们真的想把比萨 热腾腾地送到客人手上。
Caribbean:adj.加勒比海的;加勒比人的;加勒比语的;n.加勒比海;
Shortly, you'll be able to get into a car, speak the three words, and the car will navigate you to that exact spot. 简言之,你可以进到一台车里面, 说出三个字, 那台车就会把你载到正确的地点。
navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
In Africa, the continent has leapfrogged phone lines to go to mobile phones, bypassed traditional banks to go straight to mobile payments . 非洲大陆跳过了有线电话, 直接使用行动电话, 越过了传统银行,直接用行动支付。
continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的; leapfrogged:交替前进; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的; bypassed:v.绕道,忽视(bypass的过去分词); traditional:传统的,惯例的, payments:n.付款;支付;收款;款项;报答;(payment的复数)
We're really proud that the post services of three African countries -- 我们很骄傲,有三个 非洲国家的邮政服务:
Nigeria, Djibouti and C?te d'Ivoire, have gone straight to adopting three-word addresses, which means that people in those countries have a really simple way to explain where they live, today. 奈及利亚、吉布地、象牙海岸, 也直接采用了「三字地址」, 意思就是,在这些国家的人民 可以用很简单的方式 说出他们现在住在哪里。
adopting:v.收养;领养;采用;表决采纳;(adopt的现在分词)
For me, poor addressing was an annoying frustration , but for billions of people, it's a huge business inefficiency , severely hampers their infrastructure growth, and can cost lives. 对我来说,编得很差的地址 是种很恼人的挫折, 但对数十亿人而言, 它会使商業非常没效率, 严重妨碍了他们的基础建设成长, 还可能造成人命损失。
annoying:adj.烦人的;使生气的;使烦恼的;v.使生气;打扰;骚扰;(annoy的现在分词) frustration:n.挫折; inefficiency:n.效率低;无效率;无能; severely:adv.严重地;严格地,严厉地;纯朴地; hampers:妨碍;必要但又碍事的船具;洗衣篮;礼品大篮子; infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
We're on a mission to change that, three words at a time. 我们的使命就是去改变它, 一次三个字。
mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）