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ChrisAnderson_GreatTEDTalk_2016V-_ted_精彩演讲的秘诀_
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| Some people think that there's a TED Talk formula : "Give a talk on a round, red rug ." |
有些人认为 TED 演讲有一套公式: 在圆形的红地毯上头演讲、 |
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formula:n.公式; adj.(赛车)方程式的(指赛车要符合规定的体积,重量及汽缸容量等); rug:n.小地毯;垫子;(盖腿的)厚毯子;v.用厚毯包;
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| '"Share a childhood story." |
分享童年往事、 |
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childhood:n.童年;幼年;孩童时期
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| '" Divulge a personal secret." |
透露私人的秘辛、 |
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Divulge:vt.泄露;暴露; personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
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| '"End with an inspiring call to action." |
结尾要能激发人有所行动。 |
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inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词)
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| That's not how to think of a TED Talk. |
不该这样来看待 TED 演讲, |
| In fact, if you overuse those devices , you're just going to come across as clichéd or emotionally manipulative . |
其实如果过度倚赖这些小把戏, 你只会给人老调重弹或是操弄情绪的印象。 |
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overuse:n.过度使用;vt.把…使用过度; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数); come across:偶然遇见;给人以…的印象; emotionally:adv.感情上;情绪上;令人激动地;情绪冲动地; manipulative:adj.巧妙处理的;操纵的,用手控制的;
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| But there is one thing that all great TED Talks have in common, and I would like to share that thing with you, because over the past 12 years, I've had a ringside seat, listening to many hundreds of amazing TED speakers, like these. |
但是所有精彩的 TED 演讲确实都有个共通点, 我想要来分享给大家, 因为过去 12 年来我都坐在场边, 听过上百场如同这些的精彩演讲。 |
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ringside:n.拳击场;马戏团;比赛场的前缘;
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| I've helped them prepare their talks for prime time , and learned directly from them their secrets of what makes for a great talk. |
我幫助他们准备压轴的演讲, 并且直接从他们身上学到造就精彩演讲的秘密。 |
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prime time:n.黄金时段; directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就;
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| And even though these speakers and their topics all seem completely different, they actually do have one key common ingredient . |
虽然这些讲者及其议题看起来南辕北辙, 他们其实都有着一项重要的相同要素, |
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ingredient:n.原料;要素;组成部分;adj.构成组成部分的;
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| And it's this: |
也就是这个: |
| Your number one task as a speaker is to transfer into your listeners ' minds an extraordinary gift -- a strange and beautiful object that we call an idea. |
身为演讲者的首要任务, 是在听众的心里献上一份别出心裁之礼, 一项少见且美妙的东西:我们称之为「理念」。 |
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transfer:n.转移;调任;调离;[体]转会球员;v.调任;调走;转学;转移; listeners:n.听众;监听器(listener的复数); extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
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| Let me show you what I mean. |
给大家看看我说的意思。 |
| Here's Haley. |
这是海莉。 |
| She is about to give a TED Talk and frankly, she's terrified. |
她即将带来一场 TED 演讲, 很显然此时她举足无措。 |
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is about to:眼看就要;即将;正要;行将;
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| (Video) Presenter : Haley Van Dyck! |
（影片） 演讲人:海莉．凡．戴克！ |
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Presenter:主持人 Van:n.厢式货车;客货车;v.选矿;用车搬运;
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| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| Over the course of 18 minutes, 1,200 people, many of whom have never seen each other before, are finding that their brains are starting to sync with Haley's brain and with each other. |
在长达 18 分钟的时间里, 1200 名诸多原先互不相识的观众, 发现到他们的思路开始与海莉还有彼此的脑袋同步。 |
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sync:n.同步,同时;vi.同时发生;vt.使同步;
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| They're literally beginning to exhibit the same brain-wave patterns. |
他们真的开始呈现出相同的脑波样貌。 |
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literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: exhibit:v.展览;表现;展出;n.陈列品;(在法庭上出示的)物证;
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| And I don't just mean they're feeling the same emotions . |
我说的不仅是相同情绪的感受, |
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emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数)
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| There's something even more startling happening. |
还发生了更叫人吃惊的事情。 |
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startling:adj.惊人的;让人震惊的;极鲜亮的;v.使惊吓;使吓一跳;(startle的现在分词)
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| Let's take a look inside Haley's brain for a moment. |
让我们稍来一窥海莉的脑袋。 |
| There are billions of interconnected neurons in an impossible tangle . |
几十亿个错综复杂的神经元交互连结, |
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interconnected:adj.连通的;有联系的;v.互相连接(interconnect的过去式); tangle:n.纠纷;混乱状态;vt.使纠缠;处于混乱状态;vi.缠结;乱作一团;
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| But look here, right here -- a few million of them are linked to each other in a way which represents a single idea. |
但是看这边... 数百万个神经元 交互连结而成一个观念想法, |
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represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数)
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| And incredibly , this exact pattern is being recreated in real time inside the minds of everyone listening. |
且神奇地这个样态正被同步重现于 听众的脑海里。 |
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incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; recreated:v.再现;再创造;(recreate的过去分词和过去式) real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
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| That's right; in just a few minutes, a pattern involving millions of neurons is being teleported into 1,200 minds, just by people listening to a voice and watching a face. |
没错！只消几分钟的时间, 涉及数百万个神经元的连结排列 被隔空传达到 1200 名听众的脑海; 单单透过众人听着声音、看着一张脸。 |
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involving:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加;(involve的现在分词) teleported:vt.(心灵学用语)心灵运输(物体,人);
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| But wait -- what is an idea anyway? |
但是等等... 到底什么是「理念」呢？ |
| Well, you can think of it as a pattern of information that helps you understand and navigate the world. |
你可以将其视为一种资讯的样貌, 能幫助你认识以及游走这个世界。 |
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navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
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| Ideas come in all shapes and sizes, from the complex and analytical to the simple and aesthetic . |
理念可以有各种样子和大小, 打从复杂、需要理性分析的, 至乎简单、关于感性之美的。 |
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complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; analytical:adj.分析的;解析的;善于分析的; aesthetic:adj.美的;美学的;审美的,具有审美趣味的;
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| Here are just a few examples shared from the TED stage. |
这里有几个在 TED 讲台上分享理念的例子: |
| Sir Ken Robinson -- creativity is key to our kids' future. |
肯．罗宾森爵士带来「创意是孩子们前途的关键！」 |
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Ken:n.视野范围,见地,知识范围;
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| (Video) Sir Ken Robinson: My contention is that creativity now is as important in education as literacy , and we should treat it with the same status . |
（影片）罗宾森爵士:我主张现今教育创意的重要性 不亚于读写能力, 我们应当同等重视。 |
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contention:n.争论,争辩;争夺;论点; literacy:n.读写能力;精通文学; treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣; status:n.地位;状态;情形;重要身份;
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| Chris Anderson: Elora Hardy -- building from bamboo is beautiful. |
安德森:依萝拉．哈蒂带来「竹材建筑是美观的」。 |
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Hardy:adj.坚强的;勇敢的;能吃苦耐劳的;鲁莽的;n.强壮的人;耐寒植物;方柄凿;
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| (Video) Elora Hardy: It is growing all around us, it's strong, it's elegant , it's earthquake-resistant . |
（影片）哈蒂:它就生长于我们的周遭, 它很坚韧、优雅,而且抗震。 |
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elegant:adj.高雅的,优雅的;讲究的;简炼的;简洁的; earthquake-resistant:adj.抗震的;耐震的;
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| CA: Chimamanda Adichie -- people are more than a single identity . |
安德森:琪玛曼达．阿蒂奇说世上所有人不仅有单一个身分。 |
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identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
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| (Video) Chimamanda Adichie: The single story creates stereotypes , and the problem with stereotypes is not that they are untrue, but that they are incomplete . |
（影片）阿蒂奇:单一故事产生刻板印象, 刻板印象的问题并非它们不正确, 而是它们有失周全。 |
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stereotypes:n.模式化观念(或形象); v.对…形成模式化(或类型化)的看法; (stereotype的第三人称单数和复数)
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| CA: Your mind is teeming with ideas, and not just randomly . |
安德森:你的内心充满诸多理念, 而且并非只是随机独立, |
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teeming:adj.多产的,丰富的;热闹的;v.充满(teem的现在分词); randomly:adv.随便地,任意地;无目的,胡乱地;未加计划地;
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| They're carefully linked together. |
而是细腻地连结在一起, |
| Collectively they form an amazingly complex structure that is your personal worldview . |
集结起来组成出奇复杂的结构, 那就是你个人的世界观, |
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Collectively:adv.共同地,全体地; structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; worldview:n.世界观;
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| It's your brain's operating system . |
是你大脑的作業系统, |
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operating system:n.(计算机)操作系统;
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| It's how you navigate the world. |
是你在这个世界找到方向的方式, |
| And it is built up out of millions of individual ideas. |
它是由上百万个不相干的理念所打造出来的。 |
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individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的;
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| So, for example, if one little component of your worldview is the idea that kittens are adorable , then when you see this, you'll react like this. |
举例来说,你的世界观要是有一小部份 觉得猫咪很可爱, 那么当你看到这个画面, 你将会做这样的反应。 |
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component:n.成分;部件;组成部分;adj.构成的; adorable:adj.可爱的;可敬重的,值得崇拜的; react:v.起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应,过敏;起化学反应;
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| But if another component of your worldview is the idea that leopards are dangerous, then when you see this, you'll react a little bit differently. |
但是如果你的世界观另一个部份认为 猎豹很危险, 那你看到这画面的时候, 你的反应就会稍有不同了。 |
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leopards:豹(leopard的复数);
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| So, it's pretty obvious why the ideas that make up your worldview are crucial . |
因此很明显的, 为什么构成你世界观的诸多理念举足轻重。 |
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obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的; crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的;
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| You need them to be as reliable as possible -- a guide, to the scary but wonderful real world out there. |
它们必须尽量靠得住,指引我们在外头吓人 又美好的现实世界中找方向。 |
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reliable:adj.可信赖的;可依靠的;真实可信的;可靠的;
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| Now, different people's worldviews can be dramatically different. |
每个人的世界观可能截然不同, |
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dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地;
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| For example, how does your worldview react when you see this image: |
例如: 你的世界观看到这画面会作何反应？ |
| (Video) Dalia Mogahed: What do you think when you look at me? |
（影片） 达莉亚．摩珂赫德:你看着我时会想到什么？ |
| '"A woman of faith ," "an expert," maybe even "a sister"? |
虔诚的妇女？专家？甚或是修女？ |
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faith:n.信心;信任;宗教信仰;
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| Or " oppressed ," " brainwashed ," |
或是受迫害、被洗脑过的人、 |
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oppressed:adj.受压制的,受压迫的;v.压迫;折磨(oppress的过去分词); brainwashed:v.给(某人)洗脑;强制说服;(brainwash的过去分词和过去式)
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| '"a terrorist"? |
恐怖分子？ |
| CA: Whatever your answer, there are millions of people out there who would react very differently. |
安德森:不论你回答什么, 数百万人的反应可能截然不同。 |
| So that's why ideas really matter. |
这就是为什么理念十分重要。 |
| If communicated properly, they're capable of changing, forever, how someone thinks about the world, and shaping their actions both now and well into the future. |
若沟通宣导得宜,它们就足以永久改变 某个人看待世界的方式, 并且影响到他们现在以及将来的作为。 |
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capable:adj.能干的,能胜任的;有才华的;
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| Ideas are the most powerful force shaping human culture. |
理念是形塑人类文化最强大的力量。 |
| So if you accept that your number one task as a speaker is to build an idea inside the minds of your audience, here are four guidelines for how you should go about that task: |
如果你相信身为演讲者的首要任务 就是在听众的脑海里建构理念, 那我提供大家达成这任务的四大要点: |
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guidelines:n.指导方针;参考;
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| One, limit your talk to just one major idea. |
第一、限制你的演讲只提一个主要的理念！ |
| Ideas are complex things; you need to slash back your content so that you can focus on the single idea you're most passionate about, and give yourself a chance to explain that one thing properly. |
理念是很复杂的东西; 你必须回去删减演讲内容,这样一来你就可以全神投注 在你最热衷的单一个理念, 给你自己机会完善地阐释。 |
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slash:n.斜线;伤口;切口;斜线号;撒尿;vt.劈;大幅度削减;大大降低 passionate:adj.热情的;热烈的,激昂的;易怒的;
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| You have to give context , share examples, make it vivid . |
你要言之有物、分享例子、让它活灵活现; |
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context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; vivid:adj.生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的;
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| So pick one idea, and make it the through-line running through your entire talk, so that everything you say links back to it in some way. |
所以挑出一个理念来, 做为连贯整场演讲的主轴, 这么一来你提到的每一点都能够回溯到该主轴。 |
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through-line:直通线;槽线;
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| Two, give your listeners a reason to care. |
第二、给听众一个去关心的理由。 |
| Before you can start building things inside the minds of your audience, you have to get their permission to welcome you in. |
在你开始在听众的脑海里建立些东西之前, 你必须让观众的脑袋愿意欢迎接纳你。 |
| And the main tool to achieve that? |
达成此事的主要工具是什么呢？ |
| Curiosity . |
好奇心。 |
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Curiosity:n.好奇,好奇心;珍品,古董,古玩;
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| Stir your audience's curiosity. |
激起听众的好奇心, |
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Stir:v.搅拌;搅动;激发;搅和;n.搅拌;搅动;震动;搅和;
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| Use intriguing , provocative questions to identify why something doesn't make sense and needs explaining. |
运用扣人心弦、发人省思的问题, 来点明为什么有些事情不合理以及需要说明; |
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intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词) provocative:adj.刺激的,挑拨的;气人的;n.刺激物,挑拨物;兴奋剂; identify:v.识别:鉴定:确认:发现: make sense:有意义;讲得通;言之有理;
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| If you can reveal a disconnection in someone's worldview, they'll feel the need to bridge that knowledge gap . |
如果你可以点出某人世界观里的一处断点, 他们将会感到有桥接知识断层的必要。 |
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reveal:v.显示;透露;揭露;泄露;n.揭露;暴露;门侧,窗侧; disconnection:n.[电]断开;分离,切断; gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
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| And once you've sparked that desire, it will be so much easier to start building your idea. |
一旦你点燃了这种欲望, 要开始建构你的理念将会更加容易得多。 |
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sparked:v.点燃,发动(spark的过去式,过去分词);鼓舞;
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| Three, build your idea, piece by piece, out of concepts that your audience already understands. |
第三、按部就班建构出你的理念, 在听众原本就懂得的概念之上, |
| You use the power of language to weave together concepts that already exist in your listeners' minds -- but not your language, their language. |
运用语言的力量 把早已存于听众内心的诸多概念交织罗列在一块儿, 但不是用你的语彙,而是要用他们的语彙, |
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weave:v.编,织;(用…)编成;编造(故事等);n.织法;编法;编织式样;
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| You start where they are. |
以观众的感受作为出发点, |
| The speakers often forget that many of the terms and concepts they live with are completely unfamiliar to their audiences. |
讲者常忘记他们习以为常的诸多术语或概念 对听众而言是完全不熟稔的。 |
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unfamiliar:adj.不熟悉的;不常见的;没有经验的;
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| Now, metaphors can play a crucial role in showing how the pieces fit together, because they reveal the desired shape of the pattern, based on an idea that the listener already understands. |
这时候,运用譬喻在衔接内容上就极为重要了, 以观众已理解的概念为基础来隐喻 能更清楚展现出你想要呈现的样貌。 |
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metaphors:n.隐喻(metaphor的复数形式);
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| For example, when Jennifer Kahn wanted to explain the incredible new biotechnology called CRISPR, she said, "It's as if, for the first time, you had a word processor to edit DNA. |
例如当珍妮佛．卡恩 想要说明前所未见的生物科技 CRISPR 时, 她说:「这就好像第一次 你有了文字处理器来编写 DNA, |
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incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; biotechnology:n.[生物]生物技术;[生物]生物工艺学; word processor:na.[计]文字处理器; edit:v.编辑;剪辑;编纂;编选;n.编辑[校订]工作;
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| CRISPR allows you to cut and paste genetic information really easily." |
CRISPR 让你可以轻易地剪下、贴上基因资料。」 |
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paste:v.粘贴; n.面团; adj.人造的; genetic:adj.基因的;遗传学的;
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| Now, a vivid explanation like that delivers a satisfying aha moment as it snaps into place in our minds. |
这时候像这样活灵活现的解说产生令人满意的茅塞顿开时刻, 让人一点就懂。 |
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snaps:n.纽扣; v.猛咬;
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| It's important, therefore, to test your talk on trusted friends, and find out which parts they get confused by. |
因此找信任的朋友排练内容, 并找出让他们困惑的部份很重要。 |
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confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式)
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| Four, here's the final tip : |
最后,第四点、 |
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tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜;
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| Make your idea worth sharing. |
让你的理念值得分享。 |
| By that I mean, ask yourself the question: "Who does this idea benefit?" |
也就是问你自己: 「这个理念造福到什么人？」 |
| And I need you to be honest with the answer. |
我希望你们诚实以对。 |
| If the idea only serves you or your organization , then, I'm sorry to say, it's probably not worth sharing. |
如果该理念只受用于你或你的组织, 那么我很抱歉,它大概不值得分享, |
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organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体;
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| The audience will see right through you. |
听众很快就会看透你。 |
| But if you believe that the idea has the potential to brighten up someone else's day or change someone else's perspective for the better or inspire someone to do something differently, |
但如果你相信这个理念有潜力, 可以点亮他人的一天, 或是改善他人的观念, 又或者激发他人改变作法, |
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potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; brighten up:发亮;变得明亮起来; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; for the better:好转,向好的方向发展; inspire:v.激发;鼓舞;启示;产生;使生灵感;
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| then you have the core ingredient to a truly great talk, one that can be a gift to them and to all of us. |
然后你就有了精采演讲的核心要素, 可以带给观众以及所有人一些收获。 |
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core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
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