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ChipConley_2010-_衡量生命中有价值的东西_
I'm going to talk about the simple truth in leadership in the 21st century. 我要讲述的是在21世纪中关于领导力的一个 简单的道理。
In the 21st century, we need to actually look at -- and what I'm actually going encourage you to consider today -- is to go back to our school days when we learned how to count. 在21世纪,实际上我们需要看重的-- 也是我今天鼓励你们考虑的-- 回到我们上学的日子, 在那时我们学习了如何算数。
But I actually think it's time for us to think about what we count. 但实际上我认为,是时候考虑下我们要算些什么。
Because what we actually count truly counts. 因为那些我们被我们算的东西 才是真正有价值的。
Let me start by telling you a little story. 先让我给你们讲一个小故事吧。
This is Van Quach. 这是温.果奇。
Van:n.厢式货车;客货车;v.选矿;用车搬运;
She came to this country in 1986 from Vietnam. 她在1986年从越南来到美国。
She changed her name to Vivian because she wanted to fit in here in America. 她改了个新名字,薇薇安 因为这样她想更好地融入美国社会。
Her first job was at an inner-city motel in San Francisco as a maid. 她的第一份工作是在三藩市市中心的一个汽车旅馆 当女佣。
inner-city:n.(居民拥挤,住屋破旧的)市中心平民区;adj.市中心的; motel:n.汽车旅馆;
I actually happened to buy that motel about three months after Vivian started working there. 在薇薇安在那儿工作了大约三个月后, 我恰巧买下了那个汽车旅馆。
So Vivian and I have actually been working together for 23 years. 也就是说实际上,我和她一起工作了23年之久。
With the youthful idealism of a 26 year-old, in 1987, 我26岁,正是年轻、充满理想主义情怀的时候 1987年,
youthful:adj.年轻的; idealism:n.唯心主义,理想主义;理念论;
I started my company and I called it Joie de Vivre , a very impractical name, because I was actually looking to create joy of life. 我创办了我的第一间公司,取名为joie de vivre （法语:生活的乐趣）, 一个花哨但并不实用的名字, 因为我的本意是想去创造生活的乐趣。
Joie de Vivre:n.人生的极大乐趣;生活之乐; impractical:adj.不切实际的,不现实的;不能实行的;
And this first hotel that I bought, motel, was a pay-by-the-hour, no-tell motel in the inner-city of San Francisco. 我买下的第一个酒店,是个汽车旅馆, 是一个计时付费的,人人都愿意住宿的旅馆。 坐落在三藩市的市中心。
As I spent time with Vivian, 在我和薇薇安交往的过程中
I saw that she had sort of a joie de vivre in how she did her work. 我发现她总能从她的工作中 找到生活的乐趣。
It made me question and curious : 这使我很好奇并且困惑:
curious:adj.好奇的,有求知欲的;古怪的;爱挑剔的;
How could someone actually find joy in actually cleaning toilets for a living? 一个人怎么能在清洁厕所这种工作中 找到乐趣呢？
So I spent time with Vivian, and I saw that she didn't find joy in cleaning toilets. 因此我与薇薇安呆在一起,后来我发现 她并不是在清洁厕所时找到乐趣。
Her job, her goal and her calling was not to become the world's greatest toilet scrubber . 她所追求的目标和价值 并不是成为这世界上最成功的厕所刷洗工。
scrubber:n.[化工]洗涤器;洗刷者;刷子;
What counts for Vivian was the emotional connection she created with her fellow employees and our guests. 对薇薇安来说意义在于 与她的同事和客户之间的情感交流。
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
And what gave her inspiration and meaning was the fact that, actually, she was taking care of people who were far away from home. 给予她鼓励和内涵的 实际上是,她所照顾的 那些身在异乡的人们。
Because Vivian knew what it was like to be far away from home. 因为她深知远离家乡是怎样的一种感觉。
That very human lesson, more than 20 years ago, served me well during the last economic downturn we had. 这非常感人的一课, 在超过二十年里, 在这次经济危机中, 更是让我受益良多。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; downturn:n.衰退(经济方面);低迷时期;
In the wake of the dotcom crash and 9/11, 在从互联网泡沫和911事件觉醒过来之后,
In the wake of:紧紧跟随;随着…而来;作为…的结果;仿效;
San Francisco Bay Area hotels went through the largest percentage revenue drop in the history of American hotels. 三藩市海湾地区的酒店业 经历了在美国酒店业历史上 最惨重的的收入暴跌。
percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成; revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署;
We were the largest operator of hotels in the Bay Area, so we were particularly vulnerable . 我们曾经是海湾地区最大的酒店运营商 因此我们的损失尤其惨重。
operator:n.算子;接线员;操作人员;骗子; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
But also back then, remember we stopped eating French fries in this country. 更糟糕的是, 我们从那时起停止使用法国薯片.
French fries:法式炸薯条;炸土豆片;
Well, not exactly. Of course not. 而,准确说来,它不是法国的.。
We actually started eating "freedom fries." 我们开始吃“自由薯片”
And we actually started boycotting anything that was French. 我们开始抵制一切来自法国的东西
boycotting:v.抵制;拒绝购买(或使用、参加);(boycott的现在分词)
Well, my name of my company, Joie de Vivre. 而,我公司的名字,joie de vivre,
So I started getting these letters from places like Alabama and Orange County saying to me that they were going to boycott my company because they thought we were a French company. 所以我开始收到许多来 自阿拉巴马和橘郡的信件, 通知我他们即将要抵制我的公司, 原因在于他们以为我们是一家法国公司。
Alabama:n.阿拉巴马州(美国州名); County:n.郡,县;
And I'd write them back, and I'd say, "What a minute. We're not French. 然后我给他们回信说,“等等,我们不是法国公司。
We're an American company. We're based in San Francisco." 我们是美国公司,我们的公司总部在三藩市。“
And I'd get a terse response , "Oh, that's worse." 然后我接到一个精炼的回答:那更糟糕！
terse:adj.简洁的,精练的,扼要的; response:n.响应;反应;回答;
(Laughter) （笑声）
So one particular day when I was feeling a little depressed and not a lot of joie de vivre, 在一个特别的日子, 我感觉异常沮丧甚至找不到生活的乐趣时,
depressed:adj.沮丧的; v.使抑郁; (depress的过去式和过去分词)
I ended up in the local bookstore around the corner from our offices. 我走进了一间坐落在我们办公室楼边的本地书店。
And I initially ended up in the business section of the bookstore looking for a business solution . 我先去看了和经商有关的书籍, 寻找一个商业解决方案。
initially:adv.最初,首先;开头; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
But given my befuddled state of mind, I ended up in the self-help section very quickly. 可是我感觉到头昏脑胀, 我快速浏览了有关自助的书籍。
befuddled:adj.迷糊的;糊涂的;v.使迷惑;使困惑;(befuddle的过去式和过去分词) self-help:n.自助;自救;自立;adj.自助的;
And that's where I got reacquainted with 在那儿,我重新认识了
reacquainted:重新认识;
Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs. 亚伯拉罕.马斯洛的人类需求等级的理论。
hierarchy:n.层级;等级制度;
I took one psychology class in college, and I learned about this guy, Abraham Maslow, as many of us are familiar with his "hierarchy of needs." 我在大学里上过一门心理学的课程, 正如你们很多人一样, 我从亚伯拉罕.马斯洛那儿学到了“需求层次理论”。
psychology:n.心理学;心理状态; familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友;
But as I sat there for four hours, the full afternoon, reading Maslow, 我在那里坐了四个小时, 整个下午都在阅读读马斯洛的经典,
I actually recognized something that is true of most leaders. 我确实意识到一些 适用于多数领导者的东西。
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式)
And one of the simplest facts in business is something that we often neglect . 而商业中最简单的事实之一是 一些通常被我们忽略的东西。
neglect:v.忽视;忽略;疏忽;疏于照顾;n.忽视;忽略;未被重视;
And that is that we're all human. 我们都是人。
And each of us, no matter what our role is in business, actually has some hierarchy of needs in the workplace . 我们每个人,无论我们在商场上扮演着怎样的角色, 在工作岗位上,我们都有着 一些不同层次的需求。
no matter what:不管什么…; workplace:n.工作场所;车间;
So as I started reading more Maslow, what I actually started to realize is that, actually Maslow, later in his life, wanted to take this hierarchy for the individual and apply it to the collective , to organizations and specifically to business. 所以当我更多阅读马斯洛的著作时, 我开始意识到 马斯洛在晚年的时候 尝试着将这种个人的需求的不同层级 应用在集体层面, 应用在组织中,尤其在商业企业中。
individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; specifically:adv.特别地;明确地;
But unfortunately , he died prematurely in 1970. 但不幸的是,他在1970年早逝了
unfortunately:adv.不幸地; prematurely:adv.过早地;早熟地;
And so he wasn't really able to live that dream completely. 所以他不能见证这一梦想的实现。
So I realized in that dotcom crash that my role in life was to channel Abe Maslow. 所以我意识到在互联网爆炸后, 传承马斯洛的理论,成了我生命中的一项重要的任务。
And that's what I did a few years ago when I took that five level hierarchy of needs pyramid and turned it into what I call the transformation pyramid, which is survival , success and transformation. 这我几年前开始 把他的五级需求金字塔 转变成了我的三级转变金字塔—— 生存,成功和转变
transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革; survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物;
It's not just fundamental in business, it's fundamental in life. 这不只是商业的根本,它也是生活的根本。
fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的;
And we started actually asking ourselves the questions about how we were actually addressing the higher needs, these transformational needs for our key employees in the company. 我们开始问自己, 如何才能真正的解决 更高级的需求,我们公司核心 员工的转变的需求。
transformational:adj.转换的;改变的;转换生成的;
These three levels of the hierarchy needs actually relate to the five levels of Maslow's hierarchy needs. 需求层级中的这三个层次 实际上与马斯洛的五级需求 紧密联系。
But as we started asking ourselves about how we were addressing the higher needs of our employees and our customers, 但当我们开始问自己如何解决 我们公司员工和客户的更高层次需求时,
I realized we had no metrics . 我意识到我们没有任何衡量标准
metrics:n.度量;作诗法;韵律学;
We had nothing that actually could tell us whether we were actually getting it right. 我们不知道我们怎样做才是对的。
So we actually started asking ourselves: 因此我们开始自问:
What kind of less-obvious metrics could we use to actually evaluate our employees' sense of meaning, or our customers' sense of emotional connection with us? 什么样的不明显的衡量标准 能被我们用来评估 我们的雇员的归属感, 或我们的客户与我们公司的情感维系程度？
evaluate:v.评价;评估;估计;
For example, we actually started asking our employees, do they understand the mission of our company, and do they feel like they believe in it, can they actually influence it, and do they actually feel that their work actually has an impact on it. 例如,我们开始询问问我们的员工, 是否理解我们公司的目标, 他们是否对此表示认同, 他们能否确实的影响到它, 他们能否感到他们的工作能够实实在在地实现着为这些目标。
mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教; influence:n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事;v.影响;改变; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
And we started asking our customers, did they feel an emotional connection with us, in one of seven different kinds of ways. 我们开始问我们的客户, 问他们是否感觉到与我们之间的情感联系, 七种不同情感联系方式之一。
Miraculously , as we asked these questions and started giving attention higher up the pyramid, what we found is we created more loyalty . 出乎意料的是,当我们问这些问题, 并开始关注我们的金字塔顶端的更高层次需求时, 我们发现我们我们拥有了更多的忠诚。
Miraculously:adv.奇迹般地;神奇地;非凡地;出乎意料地; loyalty:n.忠诚;忠心;忠实;忠于…感情;
Our customer loyalty skyrocketed . 我们客户的忠诚度暴涨。
skyrocketed:n.流星烟火;冲天火箭;vi.飞涨,突然高升;vt.使…猛然上涨;
Our employee turnover dropped to one third of the industry average. 我们的员工离职率降至 酒店行业平均职工流动率的三分之一。
turnover:n.翻覆;[贸易]营业额;流通量;半圆卷饼;失误;adj.翻过来的;可翻转的;
And during that five year dotcom bust , we tripled in size. 在五年的互联网危机中, 我们的企业规模翻了三倍。
bust:n.(石或金属的)半身像; v.打破; adj.破碎; tripled:adj.三倍的;三方的;n.三倍数;三个一组;vi.增至三倍;vt.使成三倍;
Now as I went out and started spending time with other leaders out there and asking them how they were getting through that time, what they told me over and over again was that they just manage what they can measure. 现在,我走出来,花时间与其他领导者交流 问他们是如何度过这个困难时期的时候, 他们一次又一次的告诉我 他们只是管理那些他们可以衡量的东西,
over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
And what we can measure is that tangible stuff at the bottom of the pyramid. 而那些位于金字塔底部 可以衡量的有形的东西。
tangible:adj.有形的;切实的;可触摸的;n.有形资产; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
They didn't even see the intangible stuff higher up the pyramid. 他们甚至不看金字塔中 更高层的那些无形的东西。
intangible:adj.无形的,触摸不到的;难以理解的;
So I started asking myself the question: 所以我开始问自己:
How can we get leaders to start valuing the intangible? 如何我们才能让领导者开始重视无形的的东西？
If we're taught as leaders to just manage what we can measure, and all we can measure is the tangible in life, we're missing a whole lot of things at the top of the pyramid. 如果领导者们只是被教育去管理那些可以衡量的, 并且所有我们所能衡量的是生命中有形的东西, 我们就失去了位于金字塔顶部的整个部分。
So I actually went out and studied a bunch of things. 所以我又去学习一些事情。
a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆;
And I found a survey that showed that 94 percent of business leaders worldwide believe that the intangibles are important in their business, things like intellectual property , their corporate culture, their brand loyalty. 我发现在一份报告,其中显示 世界上百分之九十四的 商业领袖 相信无形资产对于他们企业至关重要, 例如知识产权、 企业文化、品牌忠诚度等。
survey:n.调查;测量;审视;纵览;vt.调查;勘测;俯瞰;vi.测量土地; worldwide:adj.全世界的;adv.在世界各地; intangibles:n.无形资产(intangible的复数形式); intellectual property:知识产权; corporate:adj.公司的;组成公司(或团体)的;法人的;社团的; brand:v.铭刻于,铭记;打烙印于;印…商标于;n.商标,牌子;烙印;
And yet, only five percent of those same leaders actually had a means of measuring the intangibles in their business. 然而这些领袖中只有5%的人 有办法衡量这些在企业中的无形资产.
So as leaders, we understand that intangibles are important, but we don't have a clue actually to how to measure them. 所以我们作为领袖,我们明白 无形资产的重要性, 但是如何实际的去衡量它们,我们没有什么头绪。
clue:n.提示;迹象;(纵横填字谜、游戏或问题的)提示词语;v.提示;为…提供线索;
So here's another Einstein quote : "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." 在此我想引用爱因斯坦的一句话: 不是所有有价值的都能被计算, 并且,不是所有能计算的都有价值。“
quote:v.引用;报价;举例说明;开价;为(企业的股份)上市;n.引用;
I hate to argue with Einstein, but if that which is most valuable in our life and our business actually can't be counted or valued, aren't we going to spend our lives just mired in measuring the mundane ? 我并不想与爱因斯坦争论, 但是如果那些在我们 生命和商业中最有价值的 实际上并不能被计数或估价, 我们是否要让我们的一生 深陷于衡量那些平淡和不重要的事情呢？
valuable:adj.有价值的;贵重的;可估价的;n.贵重物品; mired:v.陷入困境;处境艰难;陷入泥沼;(mire的过去分词和过去式) mundane:adj.世俗的,平凡的;世界的,宇宙的;
It was that sort of heady question about what counts that led me to take my CEO hat off for a week and fly off to the Himalayan peaks . 正是这类关于什么才有价值的难题 使我撇下CEO的身份在一星期内 飞向喜马拉雅山脉的顶端
heady:adj.兴奋的;任性的;性急的;顽固的;使人头晕的; Himalayan:adj.喜玛拉雅山脉的; peaks:n.山顶;峰巅(peak的复数);
I flew off to a place that's been shrouded in mystery for centuries, a place some folks call Shangri la. 我飞向了一个几个世纪以来一直充满了无限迷团的地方, 一个叫做香格里拉的地方
shrouded:v.覆盖;隐藏;隐瞒;保密;(shroud的过去分词和过去式)
It's actually moved from the survival base of the pyramid to becoming a transformational role model for the world. 这实际上是一个从金字塔的的生存基础 成为一个世界的 角色转换模型。
role model:n.榜样;崇拜对象;
I went to Bhutan. 我去了不丹
The teenage king of Bhutan was also a curious man, but this was back in 1972, when he ascended to the throne two days after his father passed away. 那个年轻的国王也是个有好奇心的人, 但这要回到1972年, 他在他父亲去世两天后 登上国王的宝座。
ascended:上升; throne:n.王座;君主;王权;v.登上王座;
At age 17, he started asking the kinds of questions that you'd expect of someone with a beginner's mind. 在他17岁的时,他开始问这样一些问题: 一些你也许认为幼稚的问题。
On a trip through India, early in his reign as king, he actually was asked by an Indian journalist about the Bhutanese GDP, the size of the Bhutanese GDP. 在去印度的旅途中, 在他称帝的早期, 他被一个印度记者问到 关于不丹的GDP, 不丹GDP的大小的问题。
reign:vi.统治;支配;盛行;君临;n.统治;统治时期;支配; journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者;
And the king responded in a fashion that actually has transformed us four decades later. 这位国王的回答方式 在四十年之后的今天仍然让我们受益匪浅。
responded:v.回答,回应;作出反应;响应;反应灵敏;(respond的过去式和过去分词) transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式)
He said the following: He said, "Why are we so obsessed and focused with gross domestic product ? 他这样说:“我们为什么要如此痴迷 于国内生产总值呢？
obsessed:v.使痴迷;使迷恋;使着迷;(obsess的过去式和过去分词) gross domestic product:na.国内生产总值;
Why don't we care more about gross national happiness?" 为什么我们不多关注一下 一个国家国民的快乐呢？”
Now, in essence , the king was asking us to consider an alternative definition of success, what has come to be known as 现在,从本质上来说,这位国王是在让我们去考虑 对成功的另外一种定义 这是就是
in essence:本质上;其实;大体上; alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释;
GNH, or gross national happiness. GNH, 国民幸福总值
Most world leaders didn't take notice, and those that did thought this was just " Buddhist economics." 这个世界上的多少领导者对此并不关心 那些有考虑过这些的人认为这些只是“佛教经济学”
Buddhist:n.佛教徒;adj.佛教的;
But the king was serious. 但是那位国王是认真的
And this was a notable moment, because this was the first time a world leader in almost 200 years had suggested that intangible of happiness -- again, that leader 200 years ago, 这其实是一个值得关注的时刻, 因为这是近两百年来第一次 有一个世界的领导者 提出 这种不可见的快乐—— 再次提出,200年前
notable:adj.值得注意的,显著的;著名的;n.名人,显要人物;
Thomas Jefferson with the Declaration of Independence -- 200 years later, this king was suggesting that intangible of happiness is something we should measure, and it's something we should actually value as government officials. 汤马斯.杰佛逊在他的独立宣言中 200年之后 这位国王提出了这种无形的快乐 是我们应该衡量的, 也是作为政府领导人真正 应该重视的。
Declaration of Independence:n.[美史]独立宣言:
For the next three dozen years as king, this king actually started measuring and managing around happiness in Bhutan. 在接下来他当国王的36年中, 这位国王甚至开始衡量 和管理不丹的快乐。
And including, just recently , taking his country from being an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy with no bloodshed , no coup . 也包括最近,把这个国家 从一个完全的君主专政政体转变为了一个君主立宪政体 没有流血,没有屠杀。
recently:adv.最近;新近; monarchy:n.君主政体;君主国;君主政治; constitutional:adj.宪法的;本质的;体质上的;保健的;n.保健散步;保健运动; bloodshed:n.流血;杀戮; coup:n.政变; v.使…颠倒;
And Bhutan, for those of you who don't know it, is the newest democracy in the world, just two years ago. 不丹,对那些不了解这个国家的人来说 是一个新型的民主政体,仅仅始于两年前。
democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治;
So as I spent time with leaders in the GNH movement, 所以当我与这些提倡国民幸福总值运动的领袖们交流,
I got to actually really understand what they're doing. 我才逐渐明白他们在做些什么。
And I got to spend some time with the prime minister . 当我与这位总理相处时,
prime minister:n.首相;总理;
Over dinner, I asked him an impertinent question. 在一次晚饭时,我问了他一个毫不相干的问题。
impertinent:adj.不恰当的;无礼的;粗鲁的;不相干的;
I asked him, "How can you create and measure something which evaporates , in other words, happiness?" 我问他, ”你是怎样创造和度量 一些空泛易蒸发的东西, 换句话来说,快乐？“
evaporates:n.蒸发岩;蒸发盐;v.蒸发;消失;衰退(evaporate的三单形式);
And he's a very wise man, and he said, "Listen, Bhutan's goal is not to create happiness. 他是充满智慧的人,他回答说: “佛祖的目的并不是去创造快乐,
We create the conditions for happiness to occur . 我们创造那些让快乐能够存在的条件。
occur:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;
In other words, we create a habitat of happiness." 也就是说,我们创造了快乐的栖息地。”
habitat:n.[生态]栖息地,产地;
Wow. That's interesting. 哇,这真是有趣。
And he said that they have a science behind that art. 而且他说他们在这种艺术的背后有一种科学
And they've actually created four essential pillars , nine key indicators and 72 different metrics that actually help to actually measure their GNH. 他们实际上创造了四个重要的支柱, 9个核心指标 和72个不同的度量标准 这些能够帮助测量GNH。
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的; pillars:n.柱子;柱状物;台柱(pillar的复数);v.用柱支持(pillar的第三人称单数); indicators:n.指示信号;标志;指针;方向灯;(indicator的复数)
In fact, one of those key indicators is: 实际上,其中一个核心指标是
How do the Bhutanese feel about how they spend their time each day? 如何让不丹人感觉到 他们是如何度过他们的每一天的呢？
It's a good question. How do you feel about how you spend your time each day? 这是一个不错的问题。如何感觉 你的每一天是如何度过的呢？
Time is one of the scarcest resources in the modern world. 在现代社会社会中,时间是一种 最稀缺的资源。
scarcest:adj.缺乏的,不足的;稀有的(scarce的变形); resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
And yet, of course, that little intangible piece of data doesn't factor into our GDP calculations. 可是,诚然 这微小的不可见的数据 并不影响我们对GDP的计算。
factor:n.因素;要素;[物]因数;代理人;v.做代理商;v.把…作为因素计入;
So as I spent my week up in the Himalayas, actually I started to imagine what I call an emotional equation . 所以当我把时间花在喜马拉雅山脉的时候, 我开始想象 我所谓的一种情感方程式。
equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式;
And it focuses on something I read long ago from a guy named Rabbi Hyman Schachtel. 这是很久以前我从拉比. 海曼. 斯佳特尔 读到的。
Rabbi:n.拉比(犹太人的学者);法师;犹太教律法专家;先生;
How many know him? Anybody? 有多少人知道他？有人知道么？
1954, he wrote a book called "The Real Enjoyment of Living." 在1954年,他写过一本书,叫做《生活的真正乐趣》
Enjoyment:n.享受;乐趣;享有;
And he suggested that happiness is not about having what you want. 他提出快乐 并不在于得到你所想要的。
Instead, it's about wanting what you have. 而在于你想往你所拥有的。
Or in other words, I think the Bhutanese believe happiness equals wanting what you have -- imagine gratitude -- divided by having what you want -- gratification . 也就是说,我认为不丹人相信 快乐等同于想往你所拥有的东西 想象一下感恩 分割成拥有你所想要的东西 满足感。
gratitude:n.感谢(的心情);感激; gratification:n.满意;喜悦;使人满意之事;
The Bhutanese aren't on some aspirational treadmill , constantly focused on what they don't have. 不丹人的志趣不至于一些有抱负但枯燥无趣的工作上 持续关注与那些他们没有的事物。
aspirational:adj.有雄心壮志的;(生活形态等)梦寐以求的;n.成功指南;处世自助手册; treadmill:n.踏车,跑步机;单调的工作; constantly:adv.不断地;时常地;
Their religion, their isolation, their deep respect for their culture and now the principles of their GNH movement all have fostered a sense of gratitude about what they do have. 他们的宗教,他们的与世隔离, 他们深深的对自己文化的尊重 以及现在GNH运动的原则, 这所有的一切都培养了一种对他们所拥有的 感恩的情结。
principles:n.原则;主义;本质;政策;(principle的复数) fostered:vt.培养;养育,抚育;抱(希望等);adj.收养的,养育的;
How many of us here, as TEDsters in the audience, spend more of our time in the bottom half of this equation, in the denominator ? 我们之中有多少人,作为TED的拥护者, 把更多的时间花在 这个方程式的底端,分母上呢？
denominator:n.[数]分母;命名者;共同特征或共同性质;平均水平或标准;
We are a bottom-heavy culture in more ways than one. 我们总是一种底端受重文化所逼迫 在很多方面都是如此
(Laughter) （笑声）
The reality is, in Western countries, quite often we do focus on the pursuit of happiness as if happiness is something that we have to go out -- an object that we're supposed to get, or maybe many objects. 事实上是,在西方国家, 通常我们注重对快乐的追求 正如快乐是一种我们必须非常从外部才能得到的 一种我们我们理应得到的东西,和很多其他的东西一样
pursuit:n.追求;追赶;追捕;跟踪; supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
Actually, in fact, if you look in the dictionary, many dictionaries define pursuit as to "chase with hostility ." 而事实上,如果你查查字典看一下的话, 许多字典把这种追求定义为 “带着敌意的追逐”。
define:v.定义;使明确;规定; hostility:n.敌意;战争行动;
Do we pursue happiness with hostility? 我们是带着对抗的情绪追求快乐的么？
pursue:v.继续;从事;追赶;纠缠;
Good question. But back to Bhutan. 问的好。再回到不丹。
Bhutan's actually bordered on its north and south by 38 percent of the world's population. 实际上,在不丹南边和北边的边境 生存着这个世界百分之38的人口。
Could this little country, like a startup in a mature industry, be the spark plug that actually influences a 21st century of middle-class in China and India? 这个小国 在一个成熟的工业社会中刚刚起步, 就放出万丈光芒,影响了 整个二十一世纪 的中国和印度的中产阶级？
spark plug:n.火花塞; influences:n.影响; v.影响; middle-class:adj.中产阶级的;中层社会的;
Bhutan's actually created the ultimate export , a new global currency of well-being . 不丹实际上创造了一种终极的输出, 一种新的全球通用的福祉。
ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则; export:n.出口;[无线电]呼叫;出口货;输出额;v.出口;排出;adj.输出的; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; currency:n.货币;通货; well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
And there are 40 countries around the world today that are actually studying their own GNH. 这个世界上有40个国家 正在研究他们自己的GNH。
You may have heard, this last fall, 你也许听过,去年的秋天
Nicolas Sarkozy in France, announcing the results of an 18-month study by two Nobel economists, focusing on happiness and wellness in France. 法国的尼古拉·萨科齐, 宣布了获得了诺贝尔奖的经济学家一项 18个月研究的研究结果, 这项研究关注于法国的快乐和幸福。
Sarkozy:n.萨科齐(法国总统); wellness:n.健康;
Sarkozy suggested that world leaders should stop myopically focusing on GDP and consider a new index , what some French are calling a "joie de vivre index." 萨科奇提出 世界的领导人应该停止 目光短浅地只关注GDP 关注一种新的指数, 法国人称之为“幸福指数”
index:n.指标;指数;索引;指针;v.做索引;指出;编入索引中;
I like it. 我喜欢这个提法。
Co-branding opportunities. 一个品牌合作的机会。
And just three days ago, three days ago here at TED, we actually had a simulcast of David Cameron, potentially the next prime minister of the UK, actually quoting one of my favorite speeches of all-time , 就在三天前,在我来的TED的三天前, 我们和大卫.喀麦隆有一个同时联播节目, 他可能是下任英国首相, 引用了一个我最爱的一句演讲,
simulcast:v.同时联播;n.同时联播; potentially:adv.可能地,潜在地; quoting:v.引用;报价;举例说明;开价;为(企业的股份)上市;(quote的现在分词) all-time:adj.空前的;全部时间的;历来的;
Robert Kennedy's poetic speech from 1968 when he suggested that we're myopically focused on the wrong thing and that GDP is a misplaced metric. 罗伯特 肯尼迪在1968年的诗歌演讲 当时他提出我们 只把目光放在那些错误的事情上 GDP是一个错位的度量标准。
poetic:adj.诗的,诗歌的;诗意的;诗人的;n.诗学,诗论; misplaced:adj.不合时宜的; v.乱放(而一时找不到); (misplace的过去式和过去分词)
So it suggests that the momentum is shifting . 这预示着动机发生了转变。
momentum:n.势头;[物]动量;动力;冲力; shifting:adj.不断移动的;流动的;v.转移;赶快;快速移动;变换;(shift的现在分词)
I've taken that Robert Kennedy quote, and I've actually turned it into a new balance sheet for just a moment here. 我也曾经用过罗伯特 肯尼迪的这句话, 我也曾经把它转变成一种新的衡量收支平衡的办法。
balance sheet:资产负债表;
This is actually a collection of things that Robert Kennedy said in that quote. 这实际上是事物的一种结合 罗伯特 肯尼迪在他的
GDP counts everything from air pollution to the destruction of our redwoods . GDP可以计算空气污染 红木的污染
destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁; redwoods:n.红木树,[林]红杉;红树木材;
But it actually doesn't count the health of our children or the integrity of our public officials. 但它并没儿童的健康考虑在内, 没把公务员的正直程度考虑在内。
integrity:n.完整;正直;诚实;廉正;
As you look at these two columns here, doesn't it make you feel like it's time for us to start figuring out a new way to count, a new way to actually imagine what's important to us in life? 当你看在这两栏的时候 难道你不觉得这正是我们 应该开始从新创造一种新的方式去衡量么 一种方式去真正地想象 什么才是生活中最重要的东西？
columns:n.柱:(通常为)圆形石柱:(书,报纸印刷页上的)栏(column的复数)
(Applause) （掌声）
Certainly Robert Kennedy suggested at the end of the speech exactly that. 诚然,罗伯特肯尼迪在他的演讲的末尾提出了完全一致的号召。
He said GDP "measures everything in short, except that which makes life worthwhile ." 他说,GDP计算了一切短暂的东西 而没有包涵那些使生命变得有价值的东西
worthwhile:adj.值得做的,值得花时间的;
Wow. 哇。
So how do we do that? 那么我们怎么办呢？
Let me say one thing we can just start doing ten years from now, at least in this country. 在我们开始这么做之前,让我先告诉大家一件事 两年前的今天,至少是在这个国家,
Why in the heck in America are we doing a census in 2010. 为什么在美国 我们做了2010年的人口普查
heck:n.(英口)同"hell",表示略微烦恼或吃惊; census:vt.实施统计调查;n.人口普查,人口调查;
We're spending 10 billion dollars on the census. 我们花了10亿美元在这个人口普查上面
And we're asking 10 simple questions -- it is simplicity . 我们只是问了10个非常简单的问题
simplicity:n.朴素;简易;天真;愚蠢;
But all of those questions are tangible. 但是所有的这些问题都是可以触摸的
They're about demographics . 他们都是关于人口统计学特征的
demographics:n.人口统计资料;
They're about where you live, how many people you live with, and whether you own your home or not. 他们是关于你在哪里居住,你和多少人一起住 还有你是否拥有你所居住的房子。
That's about it. 也就是这些
We're not asking meaningful metrics. 我们并不被问及有意义的度量
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的;
We're not asking important questions. 我们并不被问及重要的问题
We're not asking anything that's intangible. 我们没有问及任何不可见的事物。
Abe Maslow said long ago something you've heard before, but you didn't realize it was him. 马斯洛很久以前说过的 一些我们以前听说过的,但是你以前并不意识到是他说的
He said, "If the only tool you have is a hammer , everything starts to look like a nail." 他说,“手里拿着个锤子 看什么都像是钉子。“
hammer:n.锤子; v.锤打;
We've been fooled by our tool. 我们被我们的工具所愚弄。
Excuse that expression . 这个表述或许不恰当
expression:n.表现,表示,表达;
(Laughter) （笑声）
We've been fooled by our tool. 我们被我们的工具所愚弄
GDP has been our hammer. GDP就像是我们的锤子。
And our nail has been a 19th- and 20th-century industrial-era model of success. 我们的钉子是从19世纪到20世纪的 工业时代的成功模型。
And yet, 64 percent of the world's GDP today is in that intangible industry we call service, the service industry , the industry I'm in. 可是,当今世界 百分之六十四的GDP 是来自于不可见的,称之为服务业的行业 服务业,我所在的行业。
service industry:na.服务性行业;
And only 36 percent is in the tangible industries of manufacturing and agriculture. 只有百分之三十六来自于可见的行业, 制造业和农业。
manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词);
So maybe it's time that we get a bigger toolbox , right. 所以是时候我们换一个大一点的工具盒了,对吧。
toolbox:n.工具箱;
Maybe it's time we actually get a toolbox that, doesn't just count what's easily counted, the tangible in life, but actually counts what we most value, the things that are intangible. 或者是时候我们事实上需要一个工具盒 并不只能量那些很容易被量的,在生活中具体的、可以的触摸的东西, 事实上能够量度那些我们最重视的 那些不可度量的东西
I guess I'm sort of a curious CEO. 我想我是个有好奇心的CEO。
I was also a curious economics major as an undergrad . 我过去也只是个对充满好奇心的经济学专业本科生。
undergrad:n.大学肄业生;adj.大学生的(等于undergraduate);
And I learned that economists measure everything in tangible units of production and consumption as if each of those tangible units is exactly the same. 我学到了经济学衡量一切 可以具体化的单位生产和消费 好像那些可以被具体化的单位 是完全等同的一样
consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨;
They aren't the same. 他们是不一样的
In fact, as leaders, what we need to learn is that we can actually influence the quality of that unit of production by actually creating the conditions for our employees to live their calling. 事实上,作为领导者,我们需要了解的是 我们其实可以影响 每个单位产量的质量 通过从实际中创造条件 给我们的员工去找到他们的价值
And in fact, in Vivian's case, her unit of production isn't the tangible hours she works. 从薇薇安的例子中, 她的单位产量 并不是可以计算的她工作的每个小时
It's the intangible difference she makes during that one hour of work. 而是她所做到的那些不可触摸的区别 在那一小时的工作中
This is Dave Arringdale who's actually been a longtime guest at Vivian's motel. 这也是为什么大卫.亚玲达尔 变成来薇薇安的旅馆的常客的原因
longtime:adj.长时间的;为时甚久的;adv.长久地;
He stayed there a hundred times in the last 20 years. 他在那里呆了数百次 在近20年中
And he's loyal to the property because of the relationship that Vivian and and her fellow employees have created with him. 他对这个旅馆的忠诚来自于这层关系 薇薇安和她的同事所创造的与他的这层关系
They've created a habitat of happiness for Dave. 他们创造了一个快乐的栖息地给大卫
And he tells me that he can always count on Vivian and the staff there to make him feel at home . 他告诉我他总是可以依赖于 薇薇安和那里的所有员工 他们让他感受到了家的感觉
feel at home:在家中般轻松自在;感觉自在;
Why is it that business leaders and investors, quite often, don't see the connection between creating the intangible of employee happiness with creating the tangible of financial profits in their business. 为什么 企业领袖、投资者 通常看不到这层关系 创造的不可触摸的 员工们的快乐 以及 商业中的财政利润
financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; profits:n.利润; v.获益; (profit的第三人称单数和复数)
We don't have to choose between inspired employees and sizable profits. 我们并不一定要从中选择 或是有受激励的员工或巨大的经济利润。
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) sizable:adj.相当大的;大小相当的;
We can have both. 我们可以同时拥有这两者
And in fact, inspired employees, quite often, help make sizable profits, right. 事实上,受到鼓舞的员工,很多时候 对获得巨大的利润很有帮助
So what the world needs now, in my opinion , is business leaders and political leaders who know what to count. 所有,当今我们所需要的, 我的观点 是商界领袖和政界领袖, 那些知道去衡量些什么的人
in my opinion:在我看来;我认为;
We count numbers. 我们计算数字,
We count on people. 我们依靠人,
What really counts is when we actually use our numbers to truly take into account our people. 我们真正看重的是当我们可以用数字 去真正使我们的顾客收益
take into account:考虑;重视;体谅;
I learned that from a maid in a motel and a king of a country. 我从一个汽车旅馆的女仆和一个国家的国王那里 学到了这个道理。
What can you start counting today? 什么是你 从今天开始就计算的呢？
What one thing can you start counting today that actually would be meaningful in your life, whether it's your work life or your business life? 有一样东西,你今天就可以开始计算 会使你一生受用, 不管这是为你的工作,还是为了你的生意
Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
(Applause) （掌声）