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ChipColwell_2017X-_为什么博物馆要归还文物_
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A confession : |
首先,我要坦白: |
confession:n.忏悔,告解;供认;
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I am an archaeologist and a museum curator , but a paradoxical one. |
我是一位考古学家,也是一位博物馆馆长, 但我是一个矛盾体。 |
archaeologist:n.考古学家; curator:n.馆长;监护人;管理者; paradoxical:adj.矛盾的;诡论的;似非而是的;
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For my museum, I collect things, but I also return things back to where they came from. |
我所在的博物馆不仅收藏东西, 也会将藏品物归原主。 |
I love museums because they're social and educational , but I'm most drawn to them because of the magic of objects: a one-million-year-old hand axe , a totem pole , an impressionist painting all take us beyond our own imaginations . |
我之所以喜欢博物馆 , 是因为它具有社会价值和教育意义, 但博物馆最吸引我的 是各件极具魅力的藏品: 一把一百万年“高龄”的手斧, 一根图腾柱,一幅印象派画作, 都超乎我们的想象。 |
educational:adj.教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的 axe:n.斧;v.削减;用斧砍; totem pole:n.图腾柱;推拉输出电路; impressionist:n.印象主义者;印象派作家; imaginations:n.[心理]想象力;空想;幻想物;
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In museums, we pause to muse , to gaze upon our human empire of things in meditation and wonder. |
人们会在博物馆展品前驻足、欣赏, 陷入沉思,惊叹连连。 |
muse:n.沉思;冥想;vt.沉思;沉思地说;vi.沉思;凝望; gaze upon:凝视,注视;看到,望见; meditation:n.冥想;沉思,深思;
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I understand why US museums alone host more than 850 million visits each year. |
我知晓为什么仅仅美国的博物馆, 每年接待的访客数量就超过了8.5亿人次。 |
Yet, in recent years, museums have become a battleground . |
然而,博物馆近几年却沦为了战场。 |
battleground:n.战场;
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Communities around the world don't want to see their culture in distant institutions which they have no control over. |
全球各地的人们均不希望 到自己并无控制权的 遥远的他乡博物馆去看 本属于自己祖国的文物。 |
Communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) distant:adj.遥远的;远处的;久远的; institutions:n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯,制度;(institution的复数)
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They want to see their cultural treasures repatriated , returned to their places of origin . |
人们希望本国文化瑰宝 能回到故土。 |
cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; repatriated:把…遣返回国;回国;寄(钱)回国(repatriate的过去式,过去分词); origin:n.起源;起因;源头;出身;
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Greece seeks the return of the Parthenon Marbles , a collection of classical sculptures held by the British Museum. |
希腊希望帕特农神庙大理石雕塑能回归, 这些雕塑现存于大英博物馆内。 |
seeks:v.寻求;寻找;探索;搜索; Parthenon:n.帕台农神殿(希腊用以祭祀雅典娜女神的神庙); Marbles:n.大理石; v.使…显得斑驳; (marble的第三人称单数和复数) classical:adj.古典的;经典的;传统的;第一流的;n.古典音乐; sculptures:n.[建]雕塑(sculpture的复数); v.雕刻;
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Egypt demands antiquities from Germany. |
埃及要求德国归还文物。 |
antiquities:n.古代;古老;文物;古迹;(antiquity的复数)
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New Zealand's Maori want to see returned ancestral tattooed heads from museums everywhere. |
新西兰的毛利人希望 各地博物馆归还带有纹身的祖先头颅。 |
Maori:n.(新西兰)毛利人;毛利语;adj.毛利人[语]的; ancestral:adj.祖先的;祖传的; tattooed:v.将花纹刺在…上;给…文身;(tattoo的过去分词和过去式)
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Yet these claims pale in comparison to those made by Native Americans. |
然而,这些索求与美洲印第安人的索求 相比可以说是小巫见大巫。 |
claims:v.宣称; n.声明; (claim的第三人称单数和复数) pale in comparison:相形失色; Native:adj.本国的;土著的;天然的;与生俱来的;天赋的;n.本地人;土产;当地居民;
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Already, US museums have returned more than one million artifacts and 50,000 sets of Native American skeletons . |
美国各个博物馆已经归还了 他们一百多万件手工艺品 和5万具美洲印第安人骨骸。 |
artifacts:n.史前古器物;人工产品; Native American:n.美洲土著居民; skeletons:n.骷髅;[解剖]骨骼(skeleton的复数);流言(歌曲名);
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To illustrate what's at stake , let's start with the War Gods. |
为了说明其中的利害关系 , 我们先来说说战神。 |
illustrate:v.解释;加插图于;给(书等)做图表;表明…真实; stake:n.桩,棍子;赌注;火刑;奖金;v.资助,支持;系…于桩上;把…押下打赌;
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This is a wood carving made by members of the Zuni tribe in New Mexico. |
这是新墨西哥州 祖尼人刻的木雕。 |
carving:n.雕刻品;雕刻图案;雕像;雕刻术;v.雕刻;把(熟肉)切成块;(carve的现在分词) tribe:n.部落;族;宗族;一伙;
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In the 1880s, anthropologists began to collect them as evidence of American Indian religion. |
19世纪80年代,人类学家开始收集这种木雕, 用来证明美洲印第安人的宗教信仰。 |
anthropologists:[人类]人类学家; evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明;
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They came to be seen as beautiful, the precursor to the stark sculptures of Picasso and Paul Klee, helping to usher in the modern art movement. |
人们认为这些木雕非常精美, 毕加索和保罗 · 克利的雕塑也受其影响, 战神木雕推动了现代艺术运动的发展。 |
precursor:n.先驱,前导; Picasso:n.毕加索(西班牙画家); usher:v.引入;引领;引导;把…引往;n.引座员;(法院的)传达员,门卫;男傧相;
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From one viewpoint , the museum did exactly as it's supposed to with the War God. |
从某个角度而言,博物馆收集战神木雕 正是其职责所在。 |
viewpoint:n.观点;角度;看法; supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
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It helped introduce a little-known art form for the world to appreciate . |
博物馆将这种鲜为人知的艺术形式 介绍给世人了解和欣赏。 |
little-known:鲜为人知的; appreciate:v.欣赏;感激;感谢;理解;
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But from another point of view , the museum had committed a terrible crime of cultural violence . |
但从另一个角度而言, 博物馆犯下了严重的罪行:文化暴力。 |
point of view:观点;见地;立场; committed:adj.坚信的; v.做出错事; (commit的过去分词和过去式) violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
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For Zunis, the War God is not a piece of art, it is not even a thing. |
对于祖尼人而言,战神木雕并非艺术品, 甚至都不算是一件物品。 |
It is a being. |
它有生命。 |
For Zunis, every year, priests ritually carve new War Gods, the Ahayu:da, breathing life into them in a long ceremony . |
每年,祖尼牧师都会 按仪式雕刻新的战神, Ahayu:Da, 在漫长隆重的祭典上,为其注入生命的气息。 |
priests:n.司祭,神父;教士,祭司,僧侣;(priest的复数) ritually:adv.仪式上地;依据仪式上地; carve:vt.雕刻;切开;开创;vi.切开;做雕刻工作; ceremony:n.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪;客套,虚礼;
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They are placed on sacred shrines where they live to protect the Zuni people and keep the universe in balance. |
祖尼人将战神木雕放置在神庙, 祈求它们保佑自己的族人, 并维护宇宙的平衡。 |
shrines:圣地;神殿;神龛;圣祠(shrine的复数);
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No one can own or sell a War God. |
任何人都不能占有或者贩卖战神。 |
They belong only to the earth. |
战神只属于大地母亲。 |
And so Zunis want them back from museums so they can go to their shrine homes to fulfill their spiritual purpose. |
所以祖尼人想从博物馆把战神木雕要回来, 放回自己的神庙, 履行自己的精神使命。 |
fulfill:v.执行,贯彻;完成,实现;兑现;达到;起到; spiritual:n.圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的);adj.精神的,心灵的;
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What is a curator to do? |
博物馆馆长要怎么做呢? |
I believe that the War Gods should be returned. |
我认为应该归还战神。 |
This might be a startling answer. |
这个答案或许让人觉得不可思议。 |
startling:adj.惊人的;让人震惊的;极鲜亮的;v.使惊吓;使吓一跳;(startle的现在分词)
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After all, my conclusion contradicts the refrain of the world's most famous archaeologist: "That belongs in a museum!" |
毕竟,我的答案与全球大部分 知名考古学家的观点相左: “战神属于博物馆!” |
conclusion:n.结论;结局;推论; contradicts:v.反驳;驳斥;批驳;相矛盾;相反;(contradict的第三人称单数) refrain:vi.节制,克制;避免;制止;n.叠句,副歌;重复;
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(Laughter) |
(大笑) |
is what Indiana Jones said, not just to drive movie plots , but to drive home the unquestionable good of museums for society. |
这是电影《夺宝奇兵》的男主角 印地安纳?琼斯说的, 他说这话可不单单是为了推动剧情发展 , 更是为了全社会的利益。 |
plots:n.情节; v.划分; unquestionable:adj.毫无疑问的;确实的;无可挑剔的;
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I did not come to my view easily. |
当然,我也并非轻易得出了自己的答案。 |
I grew up in Tucson, Arizona , and fell in love with the Sonoran Desert's past. |
我在亚利桑那州的图森市长大, 从小就喜欢索诺拉沙漠的历史。 |
Arizona:n.美国亚利桑那州;
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I was amazed that beneath the city's bland strip malls was 12,000 years of history just waiting to be discovered. |
使我惊奇的是,在图森一条条商业街的下面 埋藏着12000年的历史故事,等着人类去探索。 |
beneath:prep.在…之下;adv.在下方; bland:adj.乏味的; vt.使…变得淡而无味; vi.变得平淡无奇; strip:n.带; v.夺; adj.脱衣舞的;
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When I was 16 years old, I started taking archaeology classes and going out on digs. |
我16岁那年,开始上考古学课, 也会外出进行考古发掘。 |
archaeology:n.考古学;考古学的;
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A high school teacher of mine even helped me set up my own laboratory to study animal bones. |
我的一位高中老师甚至帮我 建了属于我个人的实验室, 以便我研究动物骨骼。 |
laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
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But in college, |
但上大学时, |
I came to learn that my future career had a dark history. |
我发现我日后的职业生涯 还涉及了一段黑暗的历史。 |
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
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Starting in the 1860s, |
自19世纪60年代以来, |
Native American skeletons became a tool for science, collected in the thousands to prove new theories of social and racial hierarchies . |
美洲印第安人骨骸就成为了科学工具, 人们收集成千上万的骨骸 来证明新的社会和种族阶级理论。 |
racial:adj.种族的;人种的; hierarchies:n.阶层,层级;[数]分层,分类;
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Native American human remains were plundered from graves , even taken fresh from battlefields . |
有些人强行把美洲印第安人的 骸骨从坟墓里挖出来, 甚至还从战场收集尸骸。 |
plundered:v.抢劫,掠夺;(plunder的过去式和过去分词) graves:n.坟墓; adj.重大的; v.对(船底)作清洗并涂上沥青等涂料; v.庄重地; (grave的第三人称单数) battlefields:n.杀戮战场(BBC的纪录片);
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When archaeologists came across white graves, the skeleton was often quickly reburied , while Native bones were deposited as specimens on museum shelves. |
当考古学家挖到白人坟墓时, 一般会尽快把骨骸埋回去, 而挖到美洲印第安人的骨骸时, 却会做成标本放到博物馆展示柜里。 |
archaeologists:n.[古]考古学家(archaeologist的复数); reburied:vt.再埋葬;重新埋葬; deposited:v.存放;储存;放置(deposit的过去分词);adj.存放的;堆积的; specimens:n.[试验]试样,[图情]样本(specimen的复数);
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In the wake of war, stolen land, boarding schools, laws banning religion, anthropologists collected sacred objects in the belief that Native peoples were on the cusp of extinction . |
战争过后,家园故土被侵占, 学校成为寄宿制, 宗教被法律禁止, 人类学家收集各种神圣物件, 认为美洲印第安人即将灭绝。 |
In the wake of:紧紧跟随;随着…而来;作为…的结果;仿效; banning:n.禁止;禁令;v.禁止;取缔;限制(ban的ing形式);adj.禁止的; cusp:n.尖头;尖端; extinction:n.绝种;
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You can call it racism or colonialism , but the labels don't matter as much as the fact that over the last century, |
你们可以称之为种族主义或殖民主义 , 贴任何标签都无所谓, 重要的是上世纪发生的事情, |
racism:n.种族主义,种族歧视;人种偏见; colonialism:n.殖民主义;殖民政策; labels:n.标签;分类(label的复数形式);v.贴标签于;把…称为(label的三单形式);
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Native American rights and culture were taken from them. |
美洲印第安人的权利被剥夺,文化被侵犯。 |
In 1990, after years of Native protests , the US government, through the US Congress , finally passed a law that allowed Native Americans to reclaim cultural items , sacred objects and human remains from museums. |
1990年,在多年的本土抗议之后, 美国政府通过美国国会, 终于通过了一项法律 允许美洲印第安人 从博物馆取回文物,圣物和祖先遗骸。 |
protests:v.抗议;反对(protest的三单形式);n.抗议(protest的复数); Congress:n.国会;代表大会;会议;社交; finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; reclaim:v.开拓;回收再利用;改造某人,使某人悔改;n.改造,感化;再生胶; items:n.项目;一件商品(或物品);一则,一条(新闻)(item的复数)
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Many archaeologists were panicked . |
考古学家纷纷表示震惊。 |
panicked:v.(使)惊慌,惊慌失措;(panic的过去分词和过去式)
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For scientists, it can be hard to fully grasp how a piece of wood can be a living god or how spirits surround bones. |
对于科学家而言, 可能很难理解一块木头 怎么就变成有生命的神了, 亦或神灵如何守护遗骸。 |
grasp:n.抓住;理解;控制;v.抓住;领会;
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And they knew that modern science, especially with DNA, can provide luminous insights into the past. |
而科学家知道,现代科学,尤其是DNA, 能有助于洞悉过去。 |
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; luminous:adj.发光的;明亮的;清楚的; insights:n.洞察力;眼力;深刻见解(insight的复数);
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As the anthropologist Frank Norwick declared, "We are doing important work that benefits all of mankind . |
人类学家弗兰克 · 诺维克曾说过, “我们手头在做的事情 对全人类而言意义非凡。 |
Frank:adj.坦白的,直率的;老实的;n.免费邮寄特权;v.免费邮寄; mankind:n.人类;男性;
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We are not returning anything to anyone." |
我们绝不会把任何东西还给任何人。” |
As a college student, all of this was an enigma that was hard to decipher . |
对于大学生而言,这一切都是谜, 难以解读。 |
enigma:n.谜,不可思议的东西; decipher:n.密电译文;v.解释;
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Why did Native Americans want their heritage back from the very places preserving it? |
为什么美洲印第安人想把文化遗产 从保存文化遗产的地方拿回来呢? |
heritage:n.遗产;传统;继承物;继承权; preserving:n.保留,保存;
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And how could scientists spend their entire lives studying dead Indians but seem to care so little about living ones? |
科学家怎么能穷其一生 研究死去的美洲印第安人, 却不怎么关注活生生的美洲印第安人? |
I graduated but wasn't sure what to do next, so I traveled. |
我虽然从大学毕业了, 却不知道之后要做什么, 于是我就出去旅行了。 |
One day, in South Africa, |
有一天,我到了南非, |
I visited Nelson Mandela's former prison cell on Robben Island. |
去了罗本岛上关押过 纳尔逊 · 曼德拉的监狱。 |
I had an epiphany . |
我恍然大悟。 |
epiphany:对事物真谛的顿悟;
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Here was a man who helped a country bridge vast divides to seek, however imperfectly , reconciliation . |
这里关过的可是曼德拉啊, |
imperfectly:adv.有缺点地;不完美地;未完成地; reconciliation:n.和解;调和;和谐;甘愿;
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I'm no Mandela, but I ask myself: |
虽然我不是曼德拉,但也不禁扪心自问: |
Could I, too, plant seeds of hope in the ruins of the past? |
我是否也能同他一样, 在曾经的废墟之上播种希望? |
ruins:n.遗迹(ruin的复数形式);废墟;v.毁灭(ruin的三单形式);
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In 2007, I was hired as a curator at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science. |
2007年,我出任 丹佛自然科学博物馆馆长。 |
Denver:n.丹佛(地名,美国城市);
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Our team agreed that unlike many other institutions, we needed to proactively confront the legacy of museum collecting. |
我们的团队达成了共识,和其他机构不同, 我们要主动归还馆藏文物。 |
proactively:adv.前摄地;主动地; confront:v.直面;无法回避;降临于;处理;对抗; legacy:n.遗赠,遗产;
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We started with the skeletons in our closet , 100 of them. |
我们先从储藏室里的遗骸入手, 共有100具。 |
closet:n.贮藏室;壁橱adj.隐藏(身份等)的;v.把…关在房间里;
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After months and then years, we met with dozens of tribes to figure out how to get these remains home. |
月复一月,年复一年, 我们与几十个部落取得了联系, 想办法将这些遗骸送回部落。 |
And this is hard work. |
这项工作十分艰难, |
It involves negotiating who will receive the remains, how to respectfully transfer them, where will they go. |
我们要协商谁来接收这些遗骸, 如何转移这些遗骸,才能显示尊重, 要把这些遗骸送到哪里去。 |
involves:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加,加入(involve的第三人称单数) negotiating:v.谈判;磋商;协商;商定;达成协议;(negotiate的现在分词) respectfully:adv.尊敬地; transfer:n.转移;调任;调离;[体]转会球员;v.调任;调走;转学;转移;
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Native American leaders become undertakers , planning funerals for dead relatives they had never wanted unearthed . |
美洲印第安人部落领袖承办了殡葬仪式, 为那些被强行挖出来的逝去的亲人置办葬礼。 |
undertakers:n.殡葬承办人;殡仪服务员;(undertaker的复数) funerals:n.葬礼;丧礼;出殡;(funeral的复数) relatives:n.亲戚;亲属;同类事物;(relative的复数) unearthed:adj.采掘出的;未接地的;v.发掘;破获(unearth的过去分词);
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A decade later, the Denver Museum and our Native partners have reburied nearly all of the human remains in the collection. |
十年后 ,丹佛自然科学博物馆和美洲印第安人 差不多把馆藏的人类遗骸都重新埋葬了。 |
We have returned hundreds of sacred objects. |
我们已经归还了数百件圣物。 |
But I've come to see that these battles are endless . |
但我发现,这些战争无休无止。 |
endless:adj.无止境的;连续的;环状的;漫无目的的;
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Repatriation is now a permanent feature of the museum world. |
归还文物如今成了博物馆的固定工作内容。 |
Repatriation:n.遣送回国;调回本国; permanent:adj.永久的,永恒的;n.烫发;
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Hundreds of tribes are waiting their turn. |
数百个部落等着博物馆归还文物。 |
There are always more museums with more stuff . |
博物馆越来越多, 需要归还的文物更是数不胜数。 |
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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Every catalogued War God in an American public museum has now been returned -- 106, so far -- but there are more beyond the reach of US law, in private collections and outside our borders. |
美国公共博物馆里每一个登记在册的战神 都已经归还给了祖尼部落 , 截至目前一共归还了106个。 但是还有很多的战神并不在 美国法律的管辖范围之内, 比如私人收藏的,和美国领土之外的。 |
catalogued:v.编入目录;记载,登记;(catalogue的过去分词和过去式) in private:私下地;秘密地;
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In 2014, I had the chance to travel with a respected religious leader from the Zuni tribe named Octavius Seowtewa to visit five museums in Europe with War Gods. |
2014年,我有幸与一位 受人敬重的宗教领袖一同出行, 他名叫奥塔维斯 · 西欧特瓦 (Octavius Seowtewa) ,来自祖尼部落, 我们访问了欧洲五家收藏了战神的博物馆。 |
religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑;
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At the Ethnological Museum of Berlin, we saw a War God with a history of dubious care. |
在柏林民族学博物馆, 我们发现其对战神的保存能力令人生疑。 |
Ethnological:adj.人种学的,民族学的; dubious:adj.可疑的;暧昧的;无把握的;半信半疑的;
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An overly enthusiastic curator had added chicken feathers to it. |
这所博物馆的馆长对战神怀着满腔热忱, 甚至还把鸡毛放到了战神上。 |
overly:adv.过度地;极度地; enthusiastic:adj.热情的;热心的;狂热的;
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Its necklace had once been stolen. |
战神的项链被偷过。 |
necklace:n.项链;
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At the Musée du quai Branly in Paris, an official told us that the War God there is now state property with no provisions for repatriation. |
在巴黎的凯布朗利博物馆, 一位管理人员称那里的战神现在属于国有财产, 没有归还的规定。 |
quai:码头; official:adj.官方的;正式的;公务的;n.官员;公务员;高级职员; provisions:n.规定(provision的复数); v.供应补给品;
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He insisted that the War God no longer served Zunis but museum visitors. |
他坚称战神不再为祖尼人服务, 而是在博物馆供游客观赏。 |
He said, "We give all of the objects to the world." |
他说:“我们把所有的展品呈现给全世界。” |
At the British Museum, we were warned that the Zuni case would establish a dangerous precedent for bigger disputes , such as the Parthenon Marbles, claimed by Greece. |
在大英博物馆, 则有人警告称,把战神归还给 祖尼人会开创危险的先例, 会引起更大的争端。 比如说,希腊人会索回 帕特农神庙大理石雕塑。 |
establish:v.创立;设立;建立;确立;使立足;查实; precedent:n.先例;前例;adj.在前的;在先的; disputes:n.争论(dispute的复数);v.争论(dispute的单数第三人称); claimed:v.宣称;声称;断言;索取;认领;索要(claim的过去分词和过去式)
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After visiting the five museums, |
访问了这五家博物馆之后, |
Octavius returned home to his people empty-handed . |
奥塔维斯空手而归。 |
empty-handed:adj.一无所获;空手的
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He later told me, "It hurts my heart to see the Ahayu:da so far away. |
后来,他告诉我, “看到战神散落在远方,我非常心疼。 |
They all belong together. |
这些战神都应该在一起。 |
It's like a family member that's missing from a family dinner. |
它们好比家庭成员在家庭聚餐中缺席了。 |
When one is gone, their strength is broken." |
缺少了一个,它们的凝聚力就被破坏了。” |
I wish that my colleagues in Europe and beyond could see that the War Gods do not represent the end of museums but the chance for a new beginning. |
我希望欧洲及其他地区的同仁们 能够明白,归还战神并不会 对博物馆产生负面影响, 而是代表一个新的开端。 |
colleagues:n.同事;同行(colleague的复数); represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送;
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When you walk the halls of a museum, you're likely just seeing about one percent of the total collections. |
当你参观博物馆的时候, 你看到的展品很可能只占全部馆藏的1%左右。 |
The rest is in storage. |
剩下的全在储藏室放着。 |
Even after returning 500 cultural items and skeletons, my museum still retains 99.999 percent of its total collections. |
即使是在归还了500件文物和遗骸后, 我的博物馆还有99.999%馆藏。 |
retains:v.保持;持有;保留;聘请(律师等)(retain的第三人称单数)
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Though we no longer have War Gods, we have Zuni traditional pottery , jewelry, tools, clothing and arts. |
虽然我们博物馆没有了战神, 但是我们有传统祖尼陶器, 珠宝、工具、衣物及艺术品。 |
traditional:传统的,惯例的, pottery:n.陶器;陶器厂;陶器制造术;
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And even more precious than these objects are the relationships that we formed with Native Americans through the process of repatriation. |
还有比这些文物更珍贵的, 那便是我们在归还文物的过程中 与美洲印第安人建立的关系。 |
precious:adj.宝贵的;珍贵的;矫揉造作的; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
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Now, we can ask Zunis to share their culture with us. |
现在,我们可以请祖尼人 与我们一同分享祖尼文化。 |
Not long ago, I had the chance to visit the returned War Gods. |
不久前,我有幸见到了归还的战神。 |
A shrine sits up high atop a mesa overlooking beautiful Zuni homeland. |
神庙建在一座平顶山上, 俯瞰美丽的祖尼家园。 |
atop:prep.在…的顶上;adv.在顶上; mesa:n.台地;[地理]平顶山; overlooking:v.忽略;不予理会;俯视;眺望;(overlook的现在分词)
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The shrine is enclosed by a roofless stone building threaded at the top with barbed wire to ensure that they're not stolen again. |
神庙由一些石屋围起来,没有屋顶。 石屋上面设有带刺铁丝网, 确保战神不会再次被盗。 |
enclosed:adj.封闭的;附上的;v.把…围起来;围住;附上;(enclose的过去分词和过去式) roofless:adj.无屋顶的;无家可归的; threaded:adj.有线状图案装饰的;v.穿过;穿线于(thread的过去分词); barbed wire:刺钢丝(用作铁丝网等); ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全;
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And there they are, inside, the Ahayu:da, 106 War Gods amid offerings of turquoise , cornmeal , shell , even T-shirts ... |
神庙里共有 106尊战神, 它们的周围摆满了祭品: 绿松石、玉米粉、贝壳, 甚至还有T恤衫…… |
amid:prep.在…过程中;在…中;四周是; offerings:n.供品,供奉祖先神佛的菜等;奉献(物);样片;提供之物(offering的复数形式); turquoise:n.绿松石;蓝绿色;adj.蓝绿色的; cornmeal:n.燕麦片;玉蜀黍粉;谷物粉; shell:n.壳;炮弹;壳层;骨架;v.脱壳;剥壳;采集贝壳;用壳体包被;short.shewill;
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a modern gift to ancient beings. |
这是献给古代生灵的现代礼物。 |
And standing there, |
站在那里, |
I got a glimpse at the War Gods' true purpose in the world. |
我突然理解了战神存在的真正意义。 |
glimpse:v.瞥见;[诗]闪现;n.领悟;概况;见识;一睹;
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And it occurred to me then that we do not get to choose the histories that we inherit . |
我明白了, 我们不能选择我们能够继承的历史。 |
occurred:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;(occur的过去分词和过去式) inherit:v.继承;接替(责任等);继任;
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Museum curators today did not pillage ancient graves or steal spiritual objects, but we can accept responsibility for correcting past mistakes. |
当代博物馆馆长并没有掠夺古代坟墓, 没有偷盗圣物, 但是我们应该承担责任,纠正前人的错误。 |
curators:n.馆长;监护人;管理者; pillage:vi.掠夺;抢劫;vt.掠夺;抢劫;n.掠夺;掠夺物;
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We can help restore dignity , hope and humanity to Native Americans, the very people who were once the voiceless objects of our curiosity . |
我们可以帮助美洲印第安人, 恢复尊严,重获希望,推崇人道, 因为我们的好奇,他们曾被迫保持沉默, |
restore:v.恢复;修复;恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原; dignity:n.尊严;高贵; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科; voiceless:adj.无声的;清音的;沉默的; curiosity:n.好奇,好奇心;珍品,古董,古玩;
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And this doesn't even require us to fully understand others' beliefs, only that we respect them. |
我们并不需要完全理解他人的信仰, 只需要去尊重他们的信仰。 |
only that:只是;要不是;
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Museums are temples to things past. |
博物馆收藏历史文物。 |
Now they must also become places for living cultures. |
现在,博物馆也要收藏当代文化作品。 |
As I turned to walk away from the shrine, |
走出神庙的时候, |
I drank in the warm summer air, and I watched an eagle turn lazy circles high above. |
我尽情享受着温暖的夏日阳光, 我看到一只鹰在高空中缓缓盘旋。 |
I thought of the Zunis, whose offerings ensure that their culture is not dead and gone but alive and well, and I could think of no better place for the War Gods to be. |
我想到了祖尼人, 各种各样的祭品证明了他们的文化并未消逝, 而是依旧鲜活, 我相信,这就是战神最好的归宿。 |
Thank you. |
谢谢大家。 |
(Applause) |
(掌声) |