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BurcinMutluPakdil_2018U-_一个罕见的星系挑战了我们对宇宙的认知_
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There are more than a trillion galaxies in the universe. |
宇宙中有超过一万亿个星系。 |
trillion:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿; galaxies:n.银河; (galaxy的复数)
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And my team discovered an extremely rare one, a galaxy that doesn't look quite like anything observed before. |
而我的团队发现了极其罕见的一个, 这个星系与我们见过的其他星系都不同。 |
extremely:adv.非常,极其;极端地; galaxy:n.银河;[天]星系;银河系;一群显赫的人; observed:adj.观察的;观测的;v.观察;遵守;注意到(observe的过去分词形式);
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This galaxy is so peculiar , that it challenges our theories and our assumptions about how the universe works. |
这个星系是如此的特别, 以至于动摇了我们对于 宇宙运行规律的理论和设想。 |
peculiar:adj.特殊的;独特的;奇怪的;罕见的;n.特权;特有财产; assumptions:n.假定;假设;承担;获得;(assumption的复数)
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The majority of the galaxies are spiral , similar to our own Milky Way . |
大多数星系都是螺旋状的, 就像我们的银河系一样。 |
majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: spiral:n.螺旋;旋涡;螺旋形之物;adj.螺旋形的;v.使成螺旋形;vi.盘旋;螺旋形上升; Milky Way:na.[天]银河;
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We have strong theories about how these common galaxies form and evolve . |
我们可以很好地解释这些 常见星系的起源和演化过程。 |
evolve:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;
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But we don't understand how rare galaxies form and evolve. |
但是我们并不理解其他 罕见星系的形成和演变过程。 |
An especially puzzling rare case is Hoag's Object. |
霍格星系就是这样的一个 令人费解而罕见的例子。 |
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; puzzling:adj.使为难的;费解的;v.迷惑;使困惑;(puzzle的现在分词)
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It has a very symmetric central body surrounded by a circular outer ring, with nothing visible connecting them. |
它由一个非常对称的中心天体 和环绕它的圆形外环组成, 而这两部分之间并没有 可见的物质连接它们。 |
symmetric:adj.对称的;匀称的; circular:adj.圆形的; n.(同时送达很多人的)印刷信函(或通知、广告); outer:adj.外面的,外部的;远离中心的;n.环外命中; visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目;
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Hoag-type galaxies are among the rarest types of galaxies currently known. |
霍格星系属于最罕见的星系类型之一。 |
currently:adv.当前;一般地;
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There are fewer than one in 1,000 galaxies. |
他们只占星系总数的不到千分之一。 |
It's a mystery how the stars in the outer ring are just floating there in such an orderly manner. |
外环中的恒星如此整齐的 漂浮在那里的原因 依旧是一个谜。 |
orderly:adj.有秩序的;整齐的;值班的;n.勤务兵;传令兵;护理员;adv.顺序地;依次地;
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That's interesting, right? |
非常有意思,对吧? |
Hold on. |
别急。 |
Things are about to get more mysterious . |
还有更加神秘的事情。 |
are about to:眼看就要;即将;正要;行将; mysterious:adj.神秘的;不可思议的;难解的;
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The galaxy that my team discovered is even rarer and much more complex than that. |
我们团队所发现的星系比霍格星系 更加罕见,也更复杂。 |
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
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You know, sometimes, you search and search for these objects, and you find nothing. |
有时,我们不停地寻找一些天体, 却什么也找不到。 |
But sometimes, it just appears in the background, when you are not even looking for it. |
但也有时候,它就会在你甚至 没有刻意找它的时候, 出现在背景里。 |
This system looks very similar to Hoag's Object, with its central body and circular outer ring. |
这个星系与霍格星系非常相似, 也有中心天体和圆形的外环。 |
We got very excited and thought we discovered another Hoag's Object. |
我们当时非常激动, 以为又发现了一个霍格星系。 |
But my research showed this is an entirely new galaxy type, now commonly referred to as "Bur?in's Galaxy." |
但是我的研究表明, 这其实是一种全新的星系, 大家现在叫它“”布奇星系”。 (布奇是演讲者的名字) |
referred:v.提到;引用;认为;指示;涉及;(refer的过去式和过去分词)
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(Laughs) |
(笑) |
(Cheers) (Applause) |
(欢呼)(掌声) |
We will not be visiting this galaxy anytime soon. |
我们要过很久才能探访这个星系。 |
It is approximately 359 million light years away from Earth. |
它与地球的距离大概有 三亿五千九百万光年。 |
approximately:adv.大约,近似地;近于; light years away:光年以外;似水流年;个光年已过去;
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You may think this is far. |
你可能觉得这很远。 |
Well, actually, this is one of the nearby galaxies. |
其实这个星系已经离我们相对很近了。 |
nearby:adj.附近的,邻近的;adv.在附近;prep.在…附近;
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I study this object in different light -- in ultraviolet , optical and near-infrared . |
我对这个星系在不同的 电磁波长下的样子进行了研究—— 包括了紫外线,可见光,和近红外线。 |
ultraviolet:adj.紫外的;紫外线的;n.紫外线辐射,紫外光; optical:adj.光学的;眼睛的,视觉的; near-infrared:近红外;
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Small details on our body, like a scar or wrinkles , tell the story of our lives. |
我们身体上的细微痕迹, 比如一个伤痕或者皱纹, 可以透露我们的生活经历。 |
wrinkles:n.皱纹;皱痕;v.起皱纹;皱起;(使)起皱褶;(wrinkle的第三人称单数和复数)
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Similarly , a galaxy's structure in different light can help us trace back their origin and evolution . |
同样的,星系结构 在不同电磁波长下的样子 也可以帮助我们回溯 它的起源和演变过程。 |
Similarly:adv.同样地;类似于; structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; trace back:追溯; origin:n.起源;起因;源头;出身; evolution:n.演变;进化;发展;渐进;
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How do I look for these details? |
怎么寻找这些痕迹呢? |
I model the bright central body and remove my model from the image to check for any hidden features, because a bright structure in a galaxy may blind our views of faint features, just like using sunglasses when you are blinded by the intense light. |
我建立了那个明亮的中心天体的模型, 并把这个模型从星系图像中移除, 然后就可以寻找星系的不明显的特征, 因为星系中明亮的部分 可能会遮盖一些暗淡的细节, 这就像我们在强光刺眼时会戴墨镜一样。 |
faint:n.昏厥;v.昏厥;adj.昏眩;(光,声,味)微弱的;微小的;可能性不大的; intense:adj.强烈的;紧张的;非常的;热情的;
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The result was a big surprise. |
研究的结果令我们非常惊喜。 |
This galaxy doesn't just have an outer ring, it has an additional , diffused inner ring. |
这个星系不仅有一个外环, 还有一个稀薄的内环。 |
additional:adj.附加的,额外的; diffused:adj.散布的,扩散的;普及的;v.散布,传播(diffuse的过去分词);使分散; inner:n.内部;射中接近靶心部分的一发;adj.里面的;向内的;内部的;接近中心的;
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We were having a hard time explaining the origin of the outer ring in Hoag-type galaxies. |
我们要解释霍格星系外环的形成过程 已经很困难了。 |
Now we also need to explain this mysterious second ring. |
现在我们还要解释这个神秘的内环。 |
There is currently no known mechanism that can explain the existence of an inner ring in such a peculiar galaxy. |
目前没有任何理论 可以解释这个如此特别的 星系中内环的存在。 |
mechanism:n.机制;原理,途径;进程;机械装置;技巧;
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So the discovery of Bur?in's Galaxy clearly highlights the gap in our knowledge of galaxy evolution. |
所以,布奇星系的发现凸显了我们的 星系演化理论的不足。 |
highlights:n.拔萃,集锦; v.使突出(highlight的三单形式); gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
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Further research into how this extremely rare galaxy was formed can provide us with new clues on how the universe works. |
对这个及其罕见星系 形成过程的后续研究, 可以为我们理解宇宙的 运行机制提供新的线索。 |
clues:n.(调查,研究等的)线索;迹象;(故事的)关键情节;(clue的复数)
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This discovery tells us that we still have a lot to learn, and we should keep looking deeper and deeper in space and keep searching for the unknown. |
这个发现表明我们还有很长的路要走, 我们应该继续对太空进行更深入的研究, 并继续探索未知的现象。 |
Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
(Applause) |
(掌声) |