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BrianLittle_2016-_你究竟是什么样的人？揭露人的性格之谜_
What an intriguing group of individuals you are ... 你们是多么有趣的一群人啊……
intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词) individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
to a psychologist . 当然,是对心理学家而言。
psychologist:n.心理学家,心理学者;
(Laughter) （笑声）
I've had the opportunity over the last couple of days of listening in on some of your conversations and watching you interact with each other. 在过去几天里,我有机会 倾听你们的交谈, 观察你们的互动。
interact:v.互相影响;互相作用;n.幕间剧;幕间休息;
And I think it's fair to say, already, that there are 47 people in this audience, at this moment, displaying psychological symptoms I would like to discuss today. 我想我已经可以大胆地说, 此时此刻,在你们中间, 有47个人, 已经表现出了精神病症状,我今天就想聊聊这个。
displaying:v.陈列;展出;展示;显露(display的现在分词) psychological:adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的; symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数)
(Laughter) （笑声）
And I thought you might like to know who you are. 我想你们都很想知道到底是谁有精神病。
(Laughter) （笑声）
But instead of pointing at you, which would be gratuitous and intrusive , 我不会直接指出来, 因为那样很没必要,也不礼貌,
gratuitous:adj.无理由的,无端的;免费的; intrusive:adj.侵入的;打扰的;
I thought I would tell you a few facts and stories, in which you may catch a glimpse of yourself. 我会列举一些事实和情况, 你们可以跟自己对照一下。
catch a glimpse of:瞥见;看一看;看见;瞥一眼;
I'm in the field of research known as personality psychology , which is part of a larger personality science which spans the full spectrum , from neurons to narratives . 我从事的是人格心理学研究, 它属于人格科学的范畴 人格科学的研究领域跨度很大,从神经元到叙述学。
in the field of:在…方面,在…领域; personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; psychology:n.心理学;心理状态; spans:n.[建]跨度;一段时间(span的复数);v.跨越;持续;贯穿(span的第三人称单数); spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; narratives:n.叙述,故事;叙述的手法(narrative复数);
And what we try to do, in our own way, is to make sense of how each of us -- each of you -- is, in certain respects, like all other people, like some other people and like no other person. 而我们的研究方向, 是用我们的方式, 来弄清楚,为什么我们每一个人—— 在座的每一位—— 在某些方面, 跟其他所有人都一样, 或者只跟部分人一样, 或者跟谁都不一样。
make sense of:搞清…的意思;
Now, already you may be saying of yourself, "I'm not intriguing. 也许你们会评价自己 “我不是个有趣的人。
I am the 46th most boring person in the Western Hemisphere ." 我在西半球最无趣排行榜上排第46名。”
boring:adj.无聊的;令人厌烦的;n.钻孔;v.使厌烦;钻孔;(bore的现在分词) Hemisphere:n.半球;
Or you may say of yourself, "I am intriguing, even if I am regarded by most people as a great, thundering twit ." 也许你会评价自己, “我是个有趣的人, 尽管大部分人都觉得我是个傻瓜。”
thundering:v.打雷; v.异常; adj.雷鸣的; (thunder的现在分词) twit:n.挖苦;嘲笑;v.嘲笑;责难;愚弄;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But it is your self-diagnosed boringness and your inherent "twitiness" 但正是你们这种自我认知的无聊或者内在的“傻”,
inherent:adj.固有的;内在的;与生俱来的,遗传的;
that makes me, as a psychologist, really fascinated by you. 让我这个心理学家觉得非常有趣。
So let me explain why this is so. 我来解释一下为什么。
One of the most influential approaches in personality science is known as trait psychology, and it aligns you along five dimensions which are normally distributed , and that describe universally held aspects of difference between people. 人格心理学中最有影响力的方法 叫做特质理论, 它用5个正态分布的维度判定你, 这5个维度描述了被广泛认同的人与人之间不同的5个方面。
influential:adj.有影响的;有势力的;n.有影响力的人物; approaches:v.靠近,接近; n.方式,方法,态度; trait:n.特性,特点;品质;少许; dimensions:n.规模,大小; normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; distributed:adj.分布的;分散的;v.分发;分配;使分布(distribute的过去分词和过去式) describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; universally:adv.普遍地;人人;到处; aspects:n.方面;相位;面貌(aspect的复数);
They spell out the acronym OCEAN. 这5个方面的首字母缩写是OCEAN。
spell out:讲清楚; acronym:n.首字母缩略词;
So, "O" stands for "open to experience," “O”代表“开放性”,
versus those who are more closed. 与之对立的是那些不愿冒险的人。
versus:prep.对;与...相对;对抗;
'"C" stands for "conscientiousness," “C”代表的是“责任感”,
in contrast to those with a more lackadaisical approach to life. 与之相反的是那些懒散随意的人。
contrast:n.对比;对照;反差;明显的差异;v.对比;对照;形成对比; lackadaisical:adj.懒洋洋的;无精打采的;伤感的;
'"E" -- " extroversion ," in contrast to more introverted people. “E”指的是“外向性”,与之相对的是内向的人。
extroversion:n.[心理]外向性;[医]外翻; introverted:adj.内向的;v.使...内向(introvert的过去分词形式);使内翻;
'"A" -- " agreeable individuals," “A”——“宜人性”
agreeable:adj.令人愉快的;适合的;和蔼可亲的;
in contrast to those decidedly not agreeable. 与之相对的是不那么和善的人。
decidedly:adv.果断地;断然地;明显;毫无疑问;
And "N" -- " neurotic individuals," 最后是“N”——“神经质”
neurotic:adj.神经过敏的;神经病的;n.神经病患者;神经过敏者;
in contrast to those who are more stable . 与之相对的是那些更加稳定平和的人。
stable:n.马厩;牛棚;adj.稳定的;牢固的;坚定的;vi.被关在马厩;赶入马房;
All of these dimensions have implications for our well-being , for how our life goes. 这5个方面影响我们的健康, 影响我们的人生走向。
implications:n.蕴涵式;暗指,暗示;含蓄,含意;卷入(implication的复数); well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
And so we know that, for example, openness and conscientiousness are very good predictors of life success, but the open people achieve that success through being audacious and, occasionally , odd . 众所周知, 开放性和责任感往往意味着成功, 但开放的人在通往成功之路上变得大胆, 有时甚至古怪。
openness:n.公开;宽阔;率真; predictors:[气象]预报器; audacious:adj.无畏的;鲁莽的; occasionally:adv.偶尔;有时候;偶然; odd:adj.古怪的;奇数的;n.奇数;
The conscientious people achieve it through sticking to deadlines , to persevering , as well as having some passion . 有责任感的人会紧守最后期限,获得成功, 他们坚持不懈,他们怀有激情。
conscientious:adj.勤勉认真的;一丝不苟的; deadlines:n.截止日期(deadline的复数); persevering:adj.坚忍的;不屈不挠的; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; passion:n.激情;热情;酷爱;盛怒;
Extroversion and agreeableness are both conducive to working well with people. 外向性和宜人性都有助于 与人和谐相处。
agreeableness:n.适合;一致; conducive:adj.有益的;有助于…的;
Extroverts , for example, I find intriguing. 比如,外向的人,我就觉得很有趣。
Extroverts:外向型人格;
With my classes, I sometimes give them a basic fact that might be revealing with respect to their personality: 在课堂上,我有时会讲一个基本事实 能揭示人的性格特点:
revealing:adj.暴露的;发人深省的;v.揭示;露出;显示;展示;(reveal的现在分词) with respect:怀有敬意;
I tell them that it is virtually impossible for adults to lick the outside of their own elbow . 我说,一个成年人无法 舔到他们的手肘外侧。
virtually:adv.事实上,几乎;实质上; lick:v.舔;舔吃;舔着喝;掠过;轻松战胜;n.舔;一点儿(涂料); elbow:n.肘;弯头;肘状物;v.用肘推;挤进;讨价还价;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Did you know that? 你们知道这事吗？
Already, some of you have tried to lick the outside of your own elbow. 你们中有些人已经尝试过舔自己的手肘外侧了。
But extroverts amongst you are probably those who have not only tried, but they have successfully licked the elbow of the person sitting next to them. 但你们中那些外向的人 不但已经尝试过（舔自己的手肘） 而且连坐他们旁边的人的手肘 也没有放过。
amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); licked:v.舔,舔吃;舔着喝;掠过;(火舌)舔食;(lick的过去分词和过去式)
(Laughter) （笑声）
Those are the extroverts. 这就是外向的人。
Let me deal in a bit more detail with extroversion, because it's consequential and it's intriguing, and it helps us understand what I call our three natures. 让我再讨论一下外向性格的一些细节 因为它影响深远而且很有意思, 能帮我们理解人类的三种天性。
consequential:adj.间接的;结果的;重要的;随之发生的;自傲的;
First, our biogenic nature -- our neurophysiology . 第一种是生物学天性——我们的神经生理学。
biogenic:adj.生命所必需的;生物所造成的; neurophysiology:n.神经生理学;
Second, our sociogenic or second nature , which has to do with the cultural and social aspects of our lives. 第二种是社会学天性,又叫第二天性, 与我们的文化和社会属性相关。
sociogenic:社会引起的; second nature:n.第二天性;习性; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的;
And third, what makes you individually you -- idiosyncratic -- what I call your "idiogenic" nature. 我称之为场景特定天性。
individually:adv.个别地,单独地; idiosyncratic:adj.特质的;特殊的;异质的;
Let me explain. 下面我来解释一下。
One of the things that characterizes extroverts is they need stimulation . 外向性格的人的一大特征就是他们需要刺激。
characterizes:vt.描绘…的特性;具有…的特征;vi.塑造人物; stimulation:n.刺激;激励,鼓舞;
And that stimulation can be achieved by finding things that are exciting: loud noises, parties and social events here at TED -- you see the extroverts forming a magnetic core . 这种刺激可以是令人兴奋的事: 比如巨大的声响、热闹的聚会和TED这样的社交事件—— 你会发现外向者会形成一个磁性的内核。
magnetic:adj.像磁铁的;有磁性的;磁的;富有吸引力的; core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
They all gather together. 他们会聚集到一起。
And I've seen you. 所以我才会在这里遇见你们。
The introverts are more likely to spend time in the quiet spaces up on the second floor, where they are able to reduce stimulation -- and may be misconstrued as being antisocial , but you're not necessarily antisocial. 而内向的人更喜欢上到二楼 找个安静的地方待着, 以减少外界刺激—— 这样做可能会被误认为不喜欢社交, 但其实这并不绝对。
introverts:内向型人格; misconstrued:v.误解(某人的言行);(misconstrue的过去分词和过去式) antisocial:adj.反社会的;扰乱社会的;不爱交际的;n.违背社会公德的人;反社会者; necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地;
It may be that you simply realize that you do better when you have a chance to lower that level of stimulation. 也许你只是单纯地知道 自己在外界刺激较低的时候状态更好。
Sometimes it's an internal stimulant , from your body. 这也包括内在刺激,来自你的体内。
internal:n.内脏;本质;adj.内部的;里面的;体内的;(机构)内部的; stimulant:n.[药]兴奋剂;刺激物;酒精饮料;adj.激励的;使人兴奋的;
Caffeine , for example, works much better with extroverts than it does introverts. 比如说,咖啡因有时候对外向的人比内向的人更有效。
Caffeine:n.[有化][药]咖啡因;茶精(兴奋剂);
When extroverts come into the office at nine o'clock in the morning and say, "I really need a cup of coffee," 当外向者早上9点走进办公室, 说,“我需要一杯咖啡。”
they're not kidding -- they really do. 他们没开玩笑—— 他们是真需要。
Introverts do not do as well, particularly if the tasks they're engaged in -- and they've had some coffee -- if those tasks are speeded , and if they're quantitative , introverts may give the appearance of not being particularly quantitative. 内向者就不会这么做, 尤其是当他们正在干的活儿—— 而且他们已经喝过咖啡了—— 如果这些活儿很急, 而且有量化标准, 内向者会表现得好像这些活儿没有特别的量化标准。
particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; engaged in:从事于;忙于; speeded:vbl.加速; quantitative:adj.定量的;量的,数量的; appearance:n.外貌;外观;外表;
But it's a misconstrual. 但这是一种误导。
So here are the consequences that are really quite intriguing: we're not always what seem to be, and that takes me to my next point. 因此我们能得出一些非常有趣的结论: 我们经常会表里不一, 这就引出了我下一个观点。
consequences:n.后果,结果;影响(consequence的复数);
I should say, before getting to this, something about sexual intercourse , although I may not have time. 我事先声明,我要说的, 是关于做爱的事情, 但我的时间可能不太够。
sexual intercourse:n.性交;交媾;
And so, if you would like me to -- yes, you would? 所以,如果你们想让我说的话—— 什么？你们很想听？
(Laughter)
There are studies done on the frequency with which individuals engage in the conjugal act, as broken down by male, female; introvert, extrovert. 有人做过, 分类标准有男性、女性、内向者、外向者。
frequency:n.频率;发生率;重复率;频繁; conjugal:adj.婚姻的;结婚的;夫妻之间的;
So I ask you: 我想问大家:
How many times per minute -- oh, I'm sorry, that was a rat study -- 每分钟做多少次—— 哦,对不起,每分钟多少次说的是老鼠——
(Laughter)
How many times per month do introverted men engage in the act? 内向的男性 每个月有多少次性行为？
3.0. 3.0次。
Extroverted men? 外向的男性呢？
Extroverted:adj.性格外向的;外向性的;喜社交的;
More or less ? 更多还是更少？
More or less:或多或少;
Yes, more. 没错,更多。
5.5 -- almost twice as much. 5.5次,差不多是2倍。
Introverted women: 3.1. 内向的女性:3.1次。
Extroverted women? 外向的女性呢？
Frankly, speaking as an introverted male, which I will explain later -- they are heroic . 老实说,作为一个内向的男性, ——关于这一点我稍后会解释—— 我觉得她们太厉害了。
heroic:adj.英雄的;英勇的;记叙英雄及其事迹的;夸张的;n.史诗;英勇行为;
7.5. 7.5次。
They not only handle all the male extroverts, they pick up a few introverts as well. 她们不但搞定了所有外向的男人, 还顺便挑了几个内向的。
handle:n.[建]把手;柄;手感;口实;v.处理;操作;运用;买卖;触摸;
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
We communicate differently, extroverts and introverts. 外向者和内向者的交流方式有所不同。
Extroverts, when they interact, want to have lots of social encounter punctuated by closeness . 外向者在与人互动时, 喜欢肢体接触,喜欢亲近对方。
encounter:v.遭遇,邂逅;遇到;n.遭遇,偶然碰见; punctuated:vt.不时打断;强调;加标点于;vi.加标点; closeness:n.亲密;接近;密闭;严密;
They'd like to stand close for comfortable communication. 他们喜欢靠近对方,近距离交流。
They like to have a lot of eye contact , or mutual gaze . 他们喜欢眼神接触, 甚至相互凝视。
contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系; mutual:adj.共同的;相互的,彼此的; gaze:v.凝视;注视;盯着;n.凝视;注视;
We found in some research that they use more diminutive terms when they meet somebody. 有研究表明 外向者更喜欢使用昵称。
diminutive:adj.小的,小型的,微小的;n.爱称;指小词;身材极小的人;
So when an extrovert meets a Charles, it rapidly becomes "Charlie," and then " Chuck ," 比如当一个外向者遇见一个叫查尔斯的人, 很快就会开始叫他“查理”,然后变成“查克”,
Chuck:n.卡盘;夹头;辞退;(牛等的)颈肉;v.放弃;[机]用卡盘夹紧;(口语)抛出,逐出;
and then " Chuckles Baby." 然后变成“小查查”。
Chuckles:轻声笑;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Whereas for introverts, it remains "Charles," until he's given a pass to be more intimate by the person he's talking to. 而内向者呢, 会一直叫他“查理”,直到对方认为 他俩的关系已经足够亲密。
Whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之; intimate:n.知己; v.暗示; adj.亲密的;
We speak differently. 外向者和内向者的说话方式也不同。
Extroverts prefer black-and-white , concrete , simple language. 外向者喜欢确定、具体、简洁的语言。
prefer:v.更喜欢;宁愿;提出;提升; black-and-white:adj.印刷的;黑白混合的;用笔写的; concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖
Introverts prefer -- and I must again tell you that I am as extreme an introvert as you could possibly imagine -- we speak differently. 而内向者喜欢——我必须再次提醒大家 我是一个十足的内向者—— 我们说话方式很不一样。
extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物;
We prefer contextually complex , contingent , weasel-word sentences -- 我们内向者更喜欢说一些复杂难懂, 模棱两可, 云山雾罩的话——
contextually:adv.从上下文;根据上下文; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; contingent:n.代表团;一组与会者;小分队;adj.依情况而定的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
More or less. 或多或少吧。
(Laughter) （笑声）
As it were . 基本是这样。
As it were:可以说是,似乎就是;好像;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Not to put too fine a point upon it -- like that. 不把话说死—— 就像刚才那样。
When we talk, we sometimes talk past each other. 我们在说话的时候, 经常会打太极,推来推去。
I had a consulting contract I shared with a colleague who's as different from me as two people can possibly be. 我跟一名同事共同负责一项咨询业务, 我跟他是截然不同的两个人。
consulting:adj.咨询的,商议的;v.咨询,请教;商议;(consult的现在分词形式) contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约; colleague:n.同事,同僚;
First, his name is Tom. 首先,他叫汤姆。
Mine isn't. 我不叫汤姆。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Secondly, he's six foot five. 其次,他身高1米96。
I have a tendency not to be. 我这辈子是不指望了。
tendency:n.倾向,趋势;癖好;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And thirdly, he's as extroverted a person as you could find. 第三点,他是个及其外向的人。
I am seriously introverted. 而我十分内向。
I overload so much, 我心思很重,
overload:vt.超载,超过负荷;n.超载;负荷过多;
I can't even have a cup of coffee after three in the afternoon and expect to sleep in the evening. 我要是下午三点之后喝了杯咖啡, 那晚上就别想睡了。
We had seconded to this project a fellow called Michael. 我们还有一个助手,叫麦克。
And Michael almost brought the project to a crashing halt . 麦克几乎把整个项目给搞砸了。
halt:v.停止;立定;踌躇,犹豫;n.停止;立定;休息;
So the person who seconded him asked Tom and me, "What do you make of Michael?" 麦克的继任者问我和汤姆, “你们怎么评价麦克？”
Well, I'll tell you what Tom said in a minute. 我稍后再告诉你汤姆是怎么说的。
He spoke in classic "extrovert-ese." 他的回答是非常典型的外向型。
classic:n.名著;优秀的典范;adj.最优秀的;第一流的;有代表性的;典型的;
And here is how extroverted ears heard what I said, which is actually pretty accurate . 而我的回答嘛,其实在外向者听来, 应该是非常精确的。
accurate:adj.精确的;
I said, "Well Michael does have a tendency at times of behaving in a way that some of us might see as perhaps more assertive than is normally called for." 我说,“其实,麦克有时候 的一些做法,在我们某些人看来 也许过于自信了,可能有时候有点过分。”
behaving:v.表现:表现得体:有礼貌:(behave的现在分词) assertive:adj.肯定的;独断的;坚定而自信的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Tom rolled his eyes and he said, "Brian, that's what I said: he's an asshole !" 汤姆翻了个白眼,说, “布莱恩,这不就是我刚刚说的: 他就是个混蛋！”
asshole:n.混蛋;肛门;
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
Now, as an introvert, 作为一名内向者,
I might gently allude to certain "assholic" qualities in this man's behavior, but I'm not going to lunge for the a-word. 我也许会委婉地暗示,这个人的行为 确实比较混蛋, 但我不会直接使用“混蛋”这个词。
gently:adv.轻轻地;温柔地;温和地; allude:vi.暗指,转弯抹角地说到;略为提及,顺便提到; lunge:n.刺;跃进;刺进;套马索;vt.刺;戳;使前冲;vi.刺;突进;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But the extrovert says, "If he walks like one, if he talks like one, I call him one." 但外向者会说, “如果他表现得像个混蛋,我就会称他混蛋。”
And we go past each other. 这就是我们的不同。
Now is this something that we should be heedful of? 这一点我们是不是需要留意呢？
heedful:adj.注意的;深切注意的;深切留心的;
Of course. 那是当然。
It's important that we know this. 这一点非常重要。
Is that all we are? 但这就完了吗？
Are we just a bunch of traits ? 我们就只有这几种特点吗？
a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆; traits:n.特性,特质,性格(trait的复数);
No, we're not. 并非如此。
Remember, you're like some other people and like no other person. 别忘了,你们跟一些人很像 但又独一无二。
How about that idiosyncratic you? 这个独一无二的你到底是什么样的呢？
As Elizabeth or as George, you may share your extroversion or your neuroticism . 伊丽莎白们或者乔治们, 你们可能都有些外向或者神经过敏。
neuroticism:n.神经质,[心理]神经过敏症;
But are there some distinctively Elizabethan features of your behavior, or Georgian of yours, that make us understand you better than just a bunch of traits? 但你们的行为中是不是有些伊丽莎白独有的 或者乔治独有的特点, 能让我们更好地了解你？而不是简单地对号入座？
distinctively:adv.特殊地;区别地;
That make us love you? 能让我们喜欢上你？
Not just because you're a certain type of person. 不仅仅因为你是某种特定类型的人。
I'm uncomfortable putting people in pigeonholes . 我不喜欢把人放进鸽子笼里,然后贴上标签。
pigeonholes:n.信函分拣台格架,分拣台(pigeonhole复数); v.把…归类;
I don't even think pigeons belong in pigeonholes. 我甚至觉得鸽子都不应该待在鸽子笼里。
pigeons:n.鸽子(pigeon的复数);杂波;
So what is it that makes us different? 究竟是什么让我们与众不同呢？
It's the doings that we have in our life -- the personal projects. 是我们一生的所作所为——我们的个人事业。
doings:n.举动,行为;所做之事(doing的复数);
You have a personal project right now, but nobody may know it here. 你们大家都有个人事业, 但可能谁都没有意识到。
It relates to your kid -- you've been back three times to the hospital, and they still don't know what's wrong. 也许这事业跟孩子有关—— 你已经去医院三趟了, 医生们还是查不出你孩子的病因。
Or it could be your mom. 或者生病的是你母亲。
And you'd been acting out of character . 你会做一些跟你的性格不相符的事情。
out of character:与自己的个性不符合;非所预料;
These are free traits. 这些是可变的性格特点。
You're very agreeable, but you act disagreeably in order to break down those barriers of administrative torpor in the hospital, to get something for your mom or your child. 你本和善可亲,却表现得咄咄逼人, 只为了对抗如今医院里无处不在的 懒散风气, 让自己的母亲或者孩子得到及时治疗。
disagreeably:adv.不合口味地;不愉快地; barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式); administrative:adj.管理的,行政的; torpor:n.不活泼;麻木;懒散,迟缓;
What are these free traits? 这些可变的性格特点到底是什么？
They're where we enact a script in order to advance a core project in our lives. 那是我们演的一出戏, 为了达成我们生命中最重要的目标。
enact:vt.颁布;制定法律;扮演;发生; script:n.剧本;电影剧本;笔迹;广播(或讲话等)稿;v.为电影(或戏剧等)写剧本;
And they are what matters. 而这才是最重要的。
Don't ask people what type you are; ask them, "What are your core projects in your life?" 不要问别人是什么性格的人, 而要问他们,“你们生命中最重要的事是什么？”
And we enact those free traits. 然后我们身上的可变性格特点就会被激发。
I'm an introvert, but I have a core project, which is to profess . 我是一个内向的人, 但我最重要的事业是教书。
profess:vt.自称;公开表示;宣称信奉;正式准予加入;vi.声称;承认;当教授;
I'm a professor. 我是一名教授。
And I adore my students, and I adore my field. 我热爱我的学生, 也热爱我的事业领域。
And I can't wait to tell them about what's new, what's exciting, what I can't wait to tell them about. 我总是迫不及待地想与他们分享, 那些新奇有趣的事情。
And so I act in an extroverted way, because at eight in the morning, the students need a little bit of humor , a little bit of engagement to keep them going in arduous days of study. 因此我会表现得像一个外向的人, 因为早上8点, 学生需要一点幽默, 需要一点激励, 才能熬过一天紧张的学习。
humor:n.幽默;心情;情绪;脾气;v.迎合;迁就; engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度; arduous:adj.努力的;费力的;险峻的;
But we need to be very careful when we act protractedly out of character. 但是当我们扮演其他性格的时候 需要万分小心。
protractedly:adv.拖延地;延长地;
Sometimes we may find that we don't take care of ourselves. （因为）有时候我们对自己太狠。
I find, for example, after a period of pseudo-extroverted behavior, 我发现自己在假装外向性格一段时间之后,
I need to repair somewhere on my own. 我需要自己躲起来疗伤。
repair:v.修理;修补;修缮;补救;n.修理;修补;修缮;
As Susan Cain said in her "Quiet" book, in a chapter that featured the strange Canadian professor who was teaching at the time at Harvard , 就像苏珊?凯恩在《安静》这本书中所写, 其中一章提到一位古怪的加拿大教授, 当时他在哈佛大学教书,
Cain:n.该隐(亚当之子);凶手;杀兄弟者; Harvard:n.哈佛大学;哈佛大学学生;
I sometimes go to the men's room to escape the slings and arrows of outrageous extroverts. 他有时候会跑到男厕所, 为了躲避烦人的外向者投来的明枪暗箭。
slings:n.[机]吊索; v.用投石器投掷; outrageous:adj.粗暴的;可恶的;令人吃惊的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
I remember one particular day when I was retired to a cubicle , trying to avoid overstimulation . 有一次我自己也躲进了小隔间, 为了暂避外界纷扰。
cubicle:n.小卧室;小隔间; overstimulation:n.过度刺激;
And a real extrovert came in beside me -- not right in my cubicle, but in the next cubicle over -- and I could hear various evacuatory noises, which we hate -- even our own, that's why we flush during as well as after. 这时来了一个外向者,到我旁边,——当然不是在一个小隔间 是在我旁边的小隔间—— 我听见了一连串物体落水的声音, 这声音是很烦人的——哪怕是我们自己的, 所以我们才会在上大号的中途也冲水。
flush:n.激动,洋溢; v.使齐平; adj.大量的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And then I heard this gravelly voice saying, "Hey, is that Dr. Little?" 随后我就听到了一个沙哑的声音, “嘿,请问是利特尔博士吗？”
gravelly:adj.多碎石的;铺有碎石的;碎石构成的;声音粗哑的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
If anything is guaranteed to constipate an introvert for six months, it's talking on the john. 如果有什么事情能让内向者便秘6个月, 那一定是在上大号的时候聊天。
guaranteed:adj.必然的; v.保证; constipate:vt.使迟钝;使便秘;vi.便秘;呆滞;
(Laughter) （笑声）
That's where I'm going now. 我现在就想去洗手间静静。
Don't follow me. 别跟着我。
Thank you. 谢谢您啦。
(Applause) （掌声）