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BrianCox_2009U-_lhc出什么事了_
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| Last year at TED I gave an introduction to the LHC. |
在去年的TED发言上我介绍了LHC |
| And I promised to come back and give you an update on how that machine works. |
而且我说过一定回来给大家实况更新 说说机器的运转情况 |
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update:vt.使现代化;更新;n.现代化;更新的信息;
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| So this is it. And for those of you who weren't there, the LHC is the largest scientific experiment ever attempted -- 27 kilometers in circumference . |
这就是它,如果你去年没来的话 LHC是史上最大规模的科学实验 周长27公里 |
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scientific:adj.科学的,系统的; attempted:adj.未遂的;v.努力;尝试;试图;(attempt的过去分词和过去式) circumference:n.圆周;周长;胸围;
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| Its job is to recreate the conditions that were present less than a billionth of a second after the universe began -- up to 600 million times a second. |
用来重塑宇宙形成 十亿分之一秒时的状态 每秒制造6亿次（这一状态） |
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recreate:vt.再现;再创造 billionth:adj.十亿分之一的;第十亿的;n.十亿分之一;第十亿;
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| It's nothing if not ambitious . |
非常具有野心 |
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ambitious:adj.野心勃勃的;有雄心的;热望的;炫耀的;
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| This is the machine below Geneva. |
这就是在日内瓦地下的机械 |
| We take the pictures of those mini-Big Bangs inside detectors . |
我们用这些探测器给迷你大爆炸照相 |
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Bangs:n.刘海; v.猛撞; detectors:n.探测器;侦测设备(detector的复数);
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| This is the one I work on. It's called the ATLAS detector -- 44 meters wide, 22 meters in diameter . |
这个是我就职的那台,ATLAS探测器 44米长,直径22米 |
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ATLAS:n.地图集;寰椎; diameter:n.直径;对径;放大率;放大倍数;
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| Spectacular picture here of ATLAS under construction so you can see the scale . |
这是ATLAS建造过程中的壮观景象 可以看出规模巨大 |
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Spectacular:adj.壮观的;壮丽的;令人惊叹的;n.壮观的场面;精彩的表演; construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
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| On the 10th of September last year we turned the machine on for the first time. |
去年9月10日我们第一次启动这一机器 |
| And this picture was taken by ATLAS. |
这是一张ATLAS照下的照片 |
| It caused immense celebration in the control room. |
当时控制室里欢呼雀跃 |
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immense:adj.巨大的,广大的;无边无际的;非常好的;
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| It's a picture of the first beam particle going all the way around the LHC, colliding with a piece of the LHC deliberately , and showering particles into the detector. |
这是第一簇粒子的照片 一路沿着LHC转圈 如我们所计划地与LHC的一部分相撞 大量粒子在探测器内辐散 |
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beam:n.光线; v.发射(电波); colliding:adj.对撞的;v.碰撞(collide的现在分词);冲突;n.碰撞;冲撞; deliberately:adv.故意地;谨慎地;慎重地; particles:n.微粒,粒子;粒子系统;碎木料(particle的复数形式);
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| In other words, when we saw that picture on September 10th we knew the machine worked, which is a great triumph . |
换句话说,当我们在9月10号看到这一景象时 我们知道这机器起作用了 这是个巨大的成功 |
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triumph:v.战胜;成功;打败;n.巨大成功;重大成就;伟大胜利;喜悦;
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| I don't know whether this got the biggest cheer, or this, when someone went onto Google and saw the front page was like that. |
我不知道是这个获得了满堂喝彩 还是这个——当人们登陆谷歌 看见首页图标是这样的时候 |
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Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎; front page:adj.(新闻等的)头版的;重要的;轰动的;vt.把…登在头版;
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| It means we made cultural impact as well as scientific impact. |
这表明我们的工作造成了文化冲击 这与它的科研冲击同样意义重大 |
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cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且;
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| About a week later we had a problem with the machine, related actually to these bits of wire here -- these gold wires. |
但是大概一周之后我们的机器出了点故障 主要跟这些导线有关——这些金色的导线 |
| Those wires carry 13 thousand amps when the machine is working in full power. |
这些导线传导1万3千安培电流 当机器全部启动 |
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amps:n.安培数;
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| Now the engineers amongst you will look at them and say, "No they don't. They're small wires." |
现在你们之中的一些工程师可能会说 “不可能,这些电线太细了” |
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amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among);
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| They can do that because when they are very cold they are what's called superconducting wire. |
它们能做到 因为当温度极低它们就成了超导导线 |
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superconducting:adj.[低温]超导的;v.起超导体作用;(superconduct的现在分词)
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| So at minus 271 degrees, colder than the space between the stars, those wires can take that current. |
所以在零下271摄氏度 低于星球间宇宙空间的温度的情况下 这些导线可以传导如此强的电流 |
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minus:prep.减,减去;n.负号,减号;不足;负数;adj.减的;负的;
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| In one of the joints between over nine thousand magnets in LHC, there was a manufacturing defect . |
在LHC中九千多个电磁铁里的一个接点上 有一个安装技术失误 |
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joints:n.关节; v.接合,联合; (joint的第三人称单数和复数) magnets:n.磁铁;磁石;吸铁石;有吸引力的人(或地方、事物);(magnet的复数) manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词); defect:n.缺陷;缺点;毛病;v.叛变;背叛;投敌;
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| So the wire heated up slightly , and its 13 thousand amps suddenly encountered electrical resistance . |
于是导线温度微微升高了一点 导致它传导的1万3千安培电流忽然受到电阻 |
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slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地; encountered:v.遭遇,遇到;偶然碰到;意外地遇见;(encounter的过去分词和过去式) electrical:adj.有关电的;电气科学的; resistance:n.电阻;抵抗;阻力;抗力;
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| This was the result. |
这就是结果 |
| Now that's more impressive when you consider those magnets weigh over 20 tons, and they moved about a foot. |
非常令人震惊 因为那些磁铁重达20吨 它们移动了大约一英尺 |
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impressive:adj.感人的;令人钦佩的;给人以深刻印象的;
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| So we damaged about 50 of the magnets. |
一共大概有50个磁铁受损 |
| We had to take them out, which we did. |
必须得把它们卸下来,这些工作已经完成 |
| We reconditioned them all, fixed them. |
我们给它们排除故障,修理好 |
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reconditioned:adj.再修复的;已检修了的;v.修整;使复原(recondition的过去分词);
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| They're all on their way back underground now. |
现在就等着它们重新回到地下了 |
| By the end of March the LHC will be intact again. |
在三月底左右LHC被重新接通 |
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intact:adj.完整的;原封不动的;未受损伤的;
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| We will switch it on, and we expect to take data in June or July, and continue with our quest to find out what the building blocks of the universe are. |
我们将会启动它 并且希望在六七月的时候得到数据 然后继续我们的使命 找出宇宙形成的最基本单位 |
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quest:n.追求;寻找;vi.追求;寻找;vt.探索; building blocks:(儿童玩的)积木;建筑砌块;堆积木;建筑砖块;基石;
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| Now of course, in a way those accidents reignite the debate about the value of science and engineering at the edge. It's easy to refute . |
很明显现在,一方面 这些事故重新激化了关于 前沿科学和工程学的辩论,但这些很容易被反驳 |
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reignite:vt.再次点燃;重新激起…;再点火; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词) refute:vt.反驳,驳斥;驳倒;
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| I think that the fact that it's so difficult, the fact that we're overreaching , is the value of things like the LHC. |
我认为这任务过于艰难却仍令 我们执着追求的事实本身,就是LHC的价值所在 |
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overreaching:v.手伸得过远;过度延伸(overreach的现在分词形式);
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| I will leave the final word to an English scientist, Humphrey Davy , who, I suspect , when defending his protege 's useless experiments, his protege was Michael Faraday , said this, "Nothing is so dangerous to the progress of the human mind |
最后我愿复述一位英国科学家戴维翰弗瑞的话 我记得他 在为自己学徒无意义的实验辩护时 ——他的学徒是迈克尔法拉第—— 说过:对于人类头脑发展来说 没有什么比这想法更为危险: |
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Davy:n.戴维(男子名,David的昵称); suspect:n.犯罪嫌疑人;v.怀疑;不信任;adj.可疑的; protege:n.门徒;被保护者; Faraday:n.法拉第(电量单位);
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| than to assume that our views of science are ultimate , that there are no mysteries in nature, that our triumphs are complete, and that there are no new worlds to conquer ." |
认为我们已经理解了科学之所有 一切谜团尽已揭开 人类已经大获全胜 而停止对新知的探索 |
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assume:v.承担;假定;采取;呈现; ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则; triumphs:n.巨大成功; v.打败; (triumph的第三人称单数和复数) conquer:v.占领;攻克;征服;击败,战胜;对付,克服,控制;很受欢迎
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| Thank you. |
谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（鼓掌） |