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AzizaChaouni_2014U-_我如何让河流和家乡回复生气_
I would like to share with you today a project that has changed how I approach and practice architecture : the Fez River Rehabilitation Project. 今天我想和你分享 一个改变我对建筑设计 方针和实践的方案: 费兹河的修复工程。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构; Rehabilitation:n.康复;恢复;善后;平反;复权;
My hometown of Fez, Morocco, boasts one of the largest walled medieval cities in the world, called the medina , nestled in a river valley. 我的家乡,摩洛哥费兹, 以世界最大的中世纪城市之一为豪, 座落在河谷,称为旧城区。
boasts:v.自夸;自吹自擂;(boast的第三人称单数) medieval:adj.中世纪的;原始的;仿中世纪的;老式的; medina:n.麦地那; nestled:依偎;舒适而温暖地安定下来(nestle的过去式和过去分词);
The entire city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . 整个城市为联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。
World Heritage Site:n.世界遗产保护区;
Since the 1950s, as the population of the medina grew, basic urban infrastructure such as green open spaces and sewage quickly changed and got highly stressed. 自 1950 年代起,随着旧城区的人口成长, 基本公共建设 例如:公共绿地和污水管 快速恶化引起了高度的关注。
urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的; infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; sewage:n.污水;下水道;污物; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地;
One of the biggest casualties of the situation was the Fez River, which bisects the medina in its middle and has been considered for many centuries as the city's very soul. 最大的破坏之一 是平分旧城区两岸的费兹河。 许多世纪以来 费兹河被公认为该城的灵魂。
casualties:n.伤亡;人员伤亡(casualty的复数); bisects:vt.平分;二等分;vi.横贯;一分为二;
In fact, one can witness the presence of the river's extensive water network all throughout the city, in places such as private and public fountains . 事实上,人们可以亲自见证 广阔的河脉水网 流经整个城市, 如私人和公共噴泉等地方。
witness:n.证人;目击者;证据;v.目击;证明;为…作证; presence:n.存在;出席;参加;风度;仪态; extensive:adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的; throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; fountains:n.[地质]喷泉;户外喷泉(fountain的复数);
Unfortunately , because of the pollution of the river, it has been covered little by little by concrete slabs since 1952. 不幸地,自 1952 年以来,因为河川污染, 受到混凝土板 一点一滴的掩盖。
Unfortunately:adv.不幸地; little by little:渐渐;逐渐地; concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 slabs:n.[木]平板; v.把…切成厚片;
This process of erasure was coupled with the destruction of many houses along the river banks to be able to make machineries enter the narrow pedestrian network of the medina. 整个拆除过程 摧毁了许多 河堤周边的房子, 目的是让机器 进入麦地那狭窄的人行道。
erasure:n.消除;涂擦的痕迹;消磁; destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁; narrow:adj.狭窄的; v.使窄小; n.峡谷; (场所,物品等的)狭窄部分; pedestrian:adj.徒步的;缺乏想像力的;n.行人;步行者;
Those urban voids quickly became illegal parking or trash yards. 这些城市里的空地很快成为了非法停车场 或垃圾场。
voids:n.空洞,孔洞; v.使无效; illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工; trash:n.垃圾;废物;v.丢弃;修剪树枝;
Actually, the state of the river before entering the medina is pretty healthy. 事实上,河流在进入旧城区之前的水质
Then pollution takes its toll , mainly due to untreated sewage and chemical dumping from crafts such as tanning . 后来受到环境污染, 主要是因为未经处理的污水 及如鞣革等,工艺品化学剂的排放。
toll:n.伤亡人数; v.(缓慢而有规律地)敲(钟); (尤指)鸣(丧钟); mainly:adv.大多;大部分;主要地;首要地; untreated:adj.未经处理的;未经治疗的; chemical:n.化学制品,化学药品;adj.化学的; dumping:n.倾倒,倾卸;v.丢弃,扔掉;抛弃;抛售;(dump的现在分词) crafts:n.工艺品,手艺(craft的复数形式); tanning:v.晒成棕褐色;(使)晒成褐色;鞣(革);硝(皮);(tan的现在分词)
At some point, I couldn't bear the desecration of the river, such an important part of my city, and I decided to take action, especially after I heard that the city received a grant to divert sewage water and to treat it. 到了某个程度,由于我无法忍受 河流遭到亵渎 , 这是我家乡相当重要的一部分, 于是我决定采取行动, 尤其是当我得知 政府将拨款处理污水 和改善情况。
desecration:n.亵渎神圣;污辱神物; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; grant:v.授予;允许;承认;同意;n.拨款;[法]授予物; divert:v.使转向;使绕道;转移;使分心;娱乐;
With clean water, suddenly the uncovering of the river became possible, and with luck and actually a lot of pushing, my partner Takako Tajima and I were commissioned by the city to work with a team of engineers to uncover the river. 有了干净的水, 重新整顿这条河流变得更有可能, 除了运气还有很多的鞭策, 政府聘请了我和我的伙伴田岛贵子 与一个工程师团队 一起揭开这条河流的面纱。
uncovering:adj.露出的; v.发现(uncover的现在分词); n.露出; commissioned:adj.受委任的;v.正式委托;任命…为军官;(commission的过去式和过去分词)
However, we were Black" > sneaky , and we Black" > proposed more: to Black" > convert Black" > riverbanks into pedestrian Black" > pathways , and then to connect these pathways back to the city fabric, and finally to Black" > convert the urban voids a Black" > long th e Black" > riverbanks into public spaces that are lacking in the Medina of Fez. 然而我们很鬼祟, 我们要求更多: 将河堤改为人行步道, 然后将这些步道连结 回到城市的结构, 最后将沿着河堤的空地 转变爲公共场合, 也就是费兹旧城区所欠缺的人行步道。
Black":黑色,黑色的
I will show you briefly now two of these public spaces. 现在我简要告诉你 这些公共场所中的二个地方
briefly:adv.简要地;简短地;暂时地;
The first one is the Rcif Plaza , which sits actually right on top of the river, which you can see here in dotted lines. 第一个是 Rcif 广场, 实际上就在河的上方, 也就是你在这里所看到的虚线。
Plaza:n.广场;市场,购物中心;
This plaza used to be a chaotic transportation hub that actually compromised the urban integrity of the medina, that has the largest pedestrian network in the world. 这个广场曾经是混乱的交通枢纽, 实际上损害了旧城区完整性, 其在世界上拥有最大的 人行步道网路。
chaotic:adj.混沌的;混乱的,无秩序的; transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放; hub:n.中心;毂;木片; compromised:v.妥协,折中,让步; (compromise的过去分词和过去式) integrity:n.完整;正直;诚实;廉正;
And right beyond the historic bridge that you can see here, right next to the plaza, you can see that the river looked like a river of trash. 你可以在这里看到历史名桥的下面, 就在广场旁边, 你可看到河流看起来 像一条垃圾河。
historic:adj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的;
Instead, what we proposed is to make the plaza entirely pedestrian, to cover it with recycled leather canopies , and to connect it to the banks of the river. 相反地,我们提议 广场上方搭盖再生皮帐篷, 和河堤连结。
recycled:n.再生纸;回收站;adj.[环境]回收利用的;可循环再造的; leather:n.皮革;皮革制品;v.用皮革包盖;抽打;adj.皮的;皮革制的; canopies:天篷(canopy的复数);[航]座舱盖(canopy的复数);雨棚(canopy的复数);
The second site of intervention is also an urban void along the river banks, and it used to be an illegal parking, and we proposed to transform it into the first playground in the medina. 第二项干预 也是沿着河堤的城市虚体空间, 它曾经是一个非法停车场, 我们提议将它 转变为旧城区的第一个休闲活动场。
intervention:n.介入;调停;妨碍; transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
The playground is constructed using recycled tires and also is coupled with a constructed wetland that not only cleans the water of the river but also retains it when floods occur . 休闲活动场的地面采用再生轮胎来建构, 同时也结合人工湿地, 不只净化了河流的水, 当洪水爆发时,也能保持它的原貌。
constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式) wetland:n.湿地;沼泽地; retains:v.保持;持有;保留;聘请(律师等)(retain的第三人称单数) occur:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;
As the project progressed and received several design awards, new stakeholders intervened and changed the project goals and design. 随着计划的发展,获得多项设计大奖, 新的利益相关人士介入干涉, 改变了计划目标和设计。
stakeholders:n.利益相关者;赌款保存人(stakeholder的复数); intervened:干涉;介入(intervene的过去式和过去分词);
The only way for us to be able to bring the main goals of the project ahead was for us to do something very unusual that usually architects don't do. 唯一能够让我们继续履行 这个工程的主要目标, 是要我们做一些非比寻常的事, 通常建筑师不会做的事。
architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数);
It was for us to take our design ego and our sense of authorship and put it in the backseat and to focus mainly on being activists and on trying to coalesce all of the agendas of stakeholders and focus on the main goals of the project: that is, to uncover the river, treat its water, and provide public spaces for all. 那也就是把设计的自尊 和主权意识 抛在后面, 并着重成为社会活动人士, 且试着配合 这个利害关系人的议程, 重点放在项目的主要目标: 就是揭开这条河的面纱、整治污水 以及为大家提供公共空间。
ego:n.自我;自负;自我意识; authorship:n.(书等的)原创作者,来源;作者的身份;著述业; backseat:n.后座;次要位置; coalesce:vi.合并;结合;联合;vt.使…联合;使…合并; agendas:n.会议议程(agenda的复数);
We were actually very lucky, and many of those goals happened or are in the process of happening. 我们事实上非常幸运, 很多目标都有实现 或者正在发生进行中。
in the process of:在…的过程中;
Like, you can see here in the Rcif Plaza. 例如照片中的 Rcif 广场。
This is how it looked like about six years ago. 这是6年前的样貌。
This is how it looks like today. 这是现在的样貌,
It's still under construction , but actually it is heavily used by the local population. 现在仍然在建造中, 但实际上是当地人口 过度使用。
construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句;
And finally, this is how the Rcif Plaza will look like when the project is completed. 最后,当计划完成时, 这是 Rcif 广场未来的样貌。
This is the river, covered, used as a trash yard. 这是河流受到垃圾掩盖的样子。
Then after many years of work, the river with clean water, uncovered . 于是经过多年努力后, 河流清澈,没有受到掩盖。
uncovered:adj.裸露的; v.揭开盖子; (uncover的过去式和过去分词)
And finally, you can see here the river when the project will be completed. 最后,当计划结束时 你可以在这里看到河流。
So for sure, the Fez River Rehabilitation will keep on changing and adapting to the sociopolitical landscape of the city, but we strongly believe that by reimagining the role and the agency of the architect, 当然,重建费兹河流的行动 将持续改变和适应 城市的社会政治景观。 但我们坚信
adapting:v.使适应,使适合;适应;改编;改写;(adapt的现在分词) sociopolitical:adj.社会政治的; landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境; reimagining:重新想象;再回味(reimagine的现在分词) agency:n.代理,中介;代理处,经销处;
we have set up the core idea of the project into motion; that is, to transform the river from sewage to public space for all, thereby making sure that the city of Fez will remain a living city for its inhabitants rather than a mummified heritage. 为我们订定了核心理念, 就是转变受污染的河流 和所有公共空间, 因此确定费兹城市 将为当地居民保持原有的城市生活 而不是成为一个木乃伊的遗迹。
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核; thereby:adv.从而,因此;在那附近;在那方面; inhabitants:n.居民(inhabitant的复数); mummified:adj.木乃伊化的;v.木乃伊化(mummify的过去式);
Thank you very much. 非常谢谢大家。
(Applause) （掌声）