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AspenBaker_2015W-_更适当谈论堕胎的方法_
It was the middle of summer and well past closing time in the downtown Berkeley bar where my friend Polly and I worked together as bartenders . 那是仲夏的某日,早过了打烊的时间, 在柏克莱闹区一间小酒吧里,我和我的朋友波莉 在里面当酒保。
closing time:n.(酒馆、商店等的)打烊时间; downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的; bartenders:n.酒吧招待;(bartender的复数)
Usually at the end of our shift we had a drink -- but not that night. 通常我们会在下班后小酌一番,但那晚没有。
shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换;
'"I'm pregnant . 「我怀孕了。
pregnant:adj.怀孕的;富有意义的;
Not sure what I'm going to do yet," I told Polly. 我还不知道该怎么办。」我这样告诉波莉。
Without hesitation , she replied, "I've had an abortion ." 没有一丝犹豫,她回答,「我以前堕过胎。」
hesitation:n.犹豫; abortion:n.流产,小产;流产的胎儿;(计划等)失败,夭折;
Before Polly, no one had ever told me that she'd had an abortion. 波莉是第一个告诉我曾有过堕胎经验的人。
I'd graduated from college just a few months earlier and I was in a new relationship when I found out that I was pregnant. 我在那之前几个月才从大学毕業, 刚交了个新男朋友,却发现我怀孕了。
When I thought about my choices, I honestly did not know how to decide, what criteria I should use. 我考虑着各式选项,真的不知道该如何抉择, 该用什么标准。
criteria:n.标准,条件(criterion的复数);
How would I know what the right decision was? 我怎么知道哪个才是正确的决定？
I worried that I would regret an abortion later. 我担心我会后悔堕胎。
Coming of age on the beaches of Southern California, 成年前在南加海滩悠游的我,
Coming of age:n.成年;成熟;
I grew up in the middle of our nation's abortion wars. 在这个国家的堕胎权之争中长大。
I was born in a trailer on the third anniversary of Roe vs. Wade . 「罗诉韦德案」判决后三周年,我在一辆小拖车中出生。
Roe:n.鱼卵,鱼子;牝鹿,獐; Wade:vi.跋涉;vt.涉水;费力行走;n.跋涉;可涉水而过的地方;
Our community was surfing Christians. 我们的社区是爱冲浪的基督徒。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; surfing:v.冲浪;进行冲浪运动;(互联网上)浏览;(surf的现在分词)
We cared about God, the less fortunate , and the ocean. 我们的心中挂念着神、困乏的人,和海洋。
fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的;
Everyone was pro-life . 每个人都反对堕胎。
pro-life:adj.反堕胎的;反对人工流产合法化的;主张保护胎儿权利的;
As a kid, the idea of abortion made me so sad that I knew if I ever got pregnant 孩童时,堕胎这个概念让我非常难过,知道如果我怀孕了,
I could never have one. 我一定不要堕胎。
And then I did. 结果我做了。
It was a step towards the unknown. 路途茫茫的一步。
But Polly had given me a very special gift: the knowledge that I wasn't alone and the realization that abortion was something that we can talk about. 但是波莉给了我一项非常特别的礼物: 我知道我不是独自受苦, 我也领悟到原来堕胎是可以拿出来谈的。
realization:n.实现;领悟;
Abortion is common. 堕胎很普遍。
According to the Guttmacher Institute , one in three women in America will have an abortion in their lifetime. 据古马社机构所说,每三位美国妇女 就有一位会在一生中堕胎。
According to:根据,据说; Institute:v.开始(调查);制定;创立;提起(诉讼);n.学会,协会;学院;
But for the last few decades, the dialogue around abortion in the United States has left little room for anything beyond pro-life and pro-choice . 但是在美国,过去几十年对堕胎的对话 局限在生命权对选择权的讨论。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) pro-choice:adj.主张人工流产为合法的;提倡堕胎合法的;
It's political and polarizing . 很政治化及两极化。
polarizing:v.(使)两极化,截然对立; (polarize的现在分词)
But as much as abortion is hotly debated , it's still rare for us, whether as fellow women or even just as fellow people, to talk with one another about the abortions that we have. 即使堕胎的争论如火如荼,对我们而言, 不管是同为女性,或仅是同为人, 我们仍然很难讨论彼此堕胎的经验。
hotly:adv.激烈地;热心地;暑热地; debated:v.讨论,辩论;思考;盘算;(debate的过去分词和过去式) abortions:n.[妇产]堕胎(abortion的复数);多次流产;
There is a gap . 有一道鸿沟,
gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
Between what happens in politics and what happens in real life, and in that gap, a battlefield mentality . 介在政治议题与现实生活间。 而在那道鸿沟中,存着杀戮战场的心态。
politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数) battlefield:n.战场;沙场;斗争的领域;容易引发冲突的情况 mentality:n.心态;[心理]智力;精神力;头脑作用;
An "are you with us or against us?" stance takes root. 「非友即敌」的立场根深蒂固。
stance:n.立场;姿态;位置;准备击球姿势;
This isn't just about abortion. 这不仅限于堕胎议题。
There are so many important issues that we can't talk about. 还有很多重要的问题我们都不能说。
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
And so finding ways to shift the conflict to a place of conversation is the work of my life. 所以想办法将冲突改变为对话, 是我毕生的工作。
conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
There are two main ways to get started. 有两个重要的方法可以着手。
One way is to listen closely. 一个是仔细聆听,
And the other way is to share stories. 另一个就是分享故事。
So, 15 years ago, I cofounded an organization called Exhale to start listening to people who have had abortions. 15 年前,我与人共创一家名叫「舒气」的组织, 开始倾听人们堕胎的心声。
organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; Exhale:v.呼气;发出;发散;使蒸发;
The first thing we did was create a talk-line, where women and men could call to get emotional support. 首先我们成立一条辅导专线,不分男女都能打电话进来, 在情绪上得到支持。
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
Free of judgment and politics, believe it or not, nothing like our sevice had ever existed. 这里没有论断,也不谈政治。信不信,像我们这样的服务 从不曾出现过。
judgment:n.判断;裁判;判决书;辨别力;
We needed a new framework that could hold all the experiences that we were hearing on our talk-line. 我们需要新的架构能包容 我们在专线上听到的所有经历。
The feminist who regrets her abortion. 女性主义者后悔堕了胎;
feminist:n.男女平等主义者;adj.主张男女平等的;
The Catholic who is grateful for hers. 天主教徒庆幸堕了胎。
Catholic:adj.天主教的;宽宏大量的;n.天主教徒;罗马天主教;
The personal experiences that weren't fitting neatly into one box or the other. 个人的经历无法套进现有的框框。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; fitting:adj.适合的;恰当的;n.试衣;小配件,附件;v.适合,合身;试穿;(fit的现在分词) neatly:adv.整洁地;熟练地;灵巧地;
We didn't think it was right to ask women to pick a side. 我们无法认同要求妇女选边站。
We wanted to show them that the whole world was on their side, as they were going through this deeply personal experience. 我们想让她们知道在她们度过这段深切的个人经历时, 整个世界都站在她们那边。
So we invented "pro-voice." 所以我们创立了「优声权」。
Beyond abortion, pro-voice works on hard issues that we've struggled with globally for years, issues like immigration , religious tolerance , violence against women. 除了堕胎,优声权还处理全球历时多年的棘手问题, 像是移民、宗教宽容、对妇女施暴等问题。
struggled:v.奋斗;努力;争取;艰难地行进;抗争;(struggle的过去式和过去分词) immigration:n.外来移民;移居; religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑; tolerance:n.公差;耐量;宽容;容忍; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
It also works on deeply personal topics that might only matter to you and your immediate family and friends. 它也处理切身的个人问题,只有你自己、 你的直系亲属及摯友才会关心。
They have a terminal illness, their mother just died, they have a child with special needs and they can't talk about it. 有人得了绝症,有人的母亲刚去世, 有人的孩子需要特殊教育却无法拿出来谈。
terminal:n.终端;航站楼;终端机;航空终点站;adj.晚期的;不治的;致命的;患绝症的; special needs:n.(智力或身体障碍者的)特殊需求;
Listening and storytelling are the hallmarks of pro-voice practice. 听故事与讲故事是优声权的两大特点。
storytelling:n.讲故事;说谎话;adj.讲故事的;说谎的; hallmarks:印记;
Listening and storytelling. 听故事与讲故事,
That sounds pretty nice. 听起来很美好。
Sounds maybe, easy? We could all do that. 听起来好像很容易？我们都会做。
It's not easy. It's very hard. 这并不容易,而且非常难。
Pro-voice is hard because we are talking about things everyone's fighting about or the things that no one wants to talk about. 优声权很难,因为我们在谈的,是每个人都在争论 或没有人想提出来谈的事。
I wish I could tell you that when you decide to be pro-voice, that you'll find beautiful moments of breakthrough and gardens full of flowers, where listening and storytelling creates wonderful "a-ha" moments. 我真希望我能告诉你,当你决定要「优声」, 你会发现突破的美丽瞬间,园子开满了鲜花, 在那里,讲故事与说故事能产生美妙的顿悟时刻。
breakthrough:n.突破;开始取得成功之时;adj.突破性的;
I wish I could tell you that there would be a feminist welcoming party for you, or that there's a long-lost sisterhood of people who are just ready to have your back when you get slammed . 我真希望我能告诉你会有一个女权欢迎会在等着你, 或是你久违的姊妹淘 在你被彻底击败时张手等你回来。
long-lost:adj.遗失了很长时间的; sisterhood:n.姐妹关系;妇女团体; slammed:v.(使…)砰地关上;使劲一推;猛烈抨击;(slam的过去分词和过去式)
But it can be vulnerable and exhausting to tell our own stories when it feels like nobody cares. 但是诉说自己的故事却让你身心俱疲, 尤其在你觉得没人在乎的时候。
vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; exhausting:adj.使人精疲力竭的;v.耗尽;使筋疲力尽;(exhaust的现在分词)
And if we truly listen to one another, we will hear things that demand that we shift our own perceptions . 如果我们真的倾听彼此, 我们会听到需要我们设身处地的故事。
perceptions:n.认知;观念(perception的复数);理解;
There is no perfect time and there is no perfect place to start a difficult conversation. 永远没有完美的时刻与完美的地点 来展开艰难的对话。
There's never a time when everyone will be on the same page , share the same lens , or know the same history. 永远不会有什么时刻,大家想法一致、看法一致, 或经历相同的过去。
on the same page:在同一页上;进度相同;达成共识; lens:n.透镜,镜头;晶状体;隐形眼镜;汽车的灯玻璃;v.给…摄影;
So, let's talk about listening and how to be a good listener. 所以,就来谈谈倾听的技巧,怎样变成好的聆听者。
There's lots of ways to be a good listener and I'm going to give you just a couple. 有很多方法能成为好的聆听者,我在这里跟大家说几个。
One is to ask open-ended questions. 其中一个就是要问开放式问题。
open-ended:adj.开放式的;无限制的;自由回答的;两端未封闭的;
You can ask yourself or someone that you know, "How are you feeling?" 你能问自己或你认识的人: 「你觉得如何？」
'"What was that like?" 「那像什么？」
'"What do you hope for, now?" 「你现在希望怎么办？」
Another way to be a good listener is to use reflective language. 另一个成为好的聆听者的方法是用反映语法。
reflective:adj.反射的;反映的;沉思的;
If someone is talking about their own personal experience, use the words that they use. 如果有人在谈他们的个人经验, 你要用他们用的字。
If someone is talking about an abortion and they say the word "baby," 如果有人在谈堕胎时用了「宝贝」这个字,
you can say "baby." 你也可以用「宝贝」。
If they say " fetus ," you can say "fetus." 如果他们说「胎儿」,你也可以说「胎儿」。
fetus:n.胎儿,胎;
If someone describes themselves as gender queer to you, you can say "gender queer." 如果他们对你描述自己是性别酷儿, 你也可以说性别酷儿。
describes:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;(describe的第三人称单数) gender:n.性别; queer:adj.奇怪的; vt.搞糟; n.同性恋者;
If someone kind of looks like a he, but they say they're a she -- it's cool. 如果某人看起来像是男的,可是他说他自己是女的,
Call that person a she. 那也没关系,就称他是女性。
When we reflect the language of the person who is sharing their own story, we are conveying that we are interested in understanding who they are and what they're going through. 当我们反映分享者的语言时, 我们就传达出我们想瞭解他们是谁, 及他们经历的一切。
conveying:v.表达,传递(思想、感情等);输送;(convey的现在分词)
The same way that we hope people are interested in knowing us. 就跟我们希望别人也会想瞭解我们一样。
So, I'll never forget being in one of the Exhale counselor meetings, listening to a volunteer talk about how she was getting a lot of calls from Christian women who were talking about God. 所以,我永远都忘不了在某次舒气辅导员会议上, 听一位志工说她如何面对 许多女基督徒在电话上谈到神的故事。
counselor:n.顾问;法律顾问;参事(等于counsellor); volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿;
Now, some of our volunteers are religious, but this particular one was not. 我们有些志工是信教的,但这位不是。
volunteers:n.志愿者; v.自愿做; (volunteer的第三人称单数和复数)
At first, it felt a little weird for her to talk to callers about God. 一开始,她觉得跟来电者谈神有点怪。
weird:adj.奇怪的;奇异的;离奇的;n.命运;宿命;命运女神; callers:n.访客;[通信]呼叫者;打电话者;召集员;adj.新鲜的;
So, she decided to get comfortable. 所以她决定要让自己自在一点。
And she stood in front of her mirror at home, and she said the word "God." 她在家里站在镜子前说「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
'"God." 「神」。
Over and over and over again until the word no longer felt strange coming out her mouth. 一次又一次的说,直到从她口中说出这个字 不再感到奇怪。
over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
Saying the word God did not turn this volunteer into a Christian, but it did make her a much better listener of Christian women. 说神这个字没有让这位志工成为基督徒, 但这的确让她在面对基督徒妇女时成为更好的聆听者。
So, another way to be pro-voice is to share stories, and one risk that you take on, when you share your story with someone else, is that given the same set of circumstances as you they might actually make a different decision. 那么,另一个成为「优声」的方法是分享故事。 你跟别人分享自己的故事时,你要承担的风险是, 就算听者跟你的处境相同, 他们也可能做出不同的决定。
circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数)
For example, if you're telling a story about your abortion, realize that she might have had the baby. 举例来说,你说了自己堕胎的故事, 却发现她可能留下孩子。
She might have placed for adoption . 她也可能送人领养。
adoption:n.采用;收养;接受;
She might have told her parents and her partner -- or not. 她可能告诉她的父母或同居人,也可能没说。
She might have felt relief and confidence , even though you felt sad and lost. 她可能觉得鬆了口气、很有把握,而你却觉得悲惨失落。
relief:n.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕; confidence:n.信心;信任;秘密;adj.(美)诈骗的;骗得信任的;
This is okay. 这没关系。
Empathy gets created the moment we imagine ourselves in someone else's shoes. 同理心在我们设身处地的瞬间就产生了。
Empathy:n.神入;移情作用;执着;
It doesn't mean we all have to end up in the same place. 这不代表我们会有一样的结局。
It's not agreement, it's not sameness that pro-voice is after. 优声权追求的并非同意、并非一致。
sameness:n.相同;千篇一律;单调;
It creates a culture and a society that values what make us special and unique . 它创造一种文化、一个社会,珍视让我们独特的差异。
unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
It values what makes us human, our flaws and our imperfections . 它珍视我们之所以为人的一切,我们的缺陷和我们的不完美。
flaws:n.[材]缺陷;[力]裂缝(flaw的复数);v.有裂纹;使有裂缝(flaw的单三形式); imperfections:n.不合格折贴(imperfection的复数);
And this way of thinking allows us to see our differences with respect , instead of fear. 这种思维让我们尊重彼此的不同, 而不是恐惧。
with respect:怀有敬意;
And it generates the empathy that we need to overcome all the ways that we try to hurt one another. 而如此就产生我们所需的同理心, 以克服试图伤害彼此的一切。
generates:[计]生成;发生; overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜;
Stigma , shame, prejudice , discrimination , oppression . 汙名、耻辱、偏见、歧视、压迫。
Stigma:n.[植]柱头;耻辱;污名;烙印;特征; prejudice:n.偏见;侵害;vt.损害;使有偏见; discrimination:n.歧视;区别,辨别;识别力; oppression:n.压抑;镇压;压迫手段;沉闷;苦恼;
Pro-voice is contagious , and the more it's practiced the more it spreads. 优声权具感染力,练习愈多, 传染愈快。
contagious:adj.感染性的;会蔓延的;
So, last year I was pregnant again. 去年我又怀孕了。
This time I was looking forward to the birth of my son. 这次我很期待我儿子出生。
And while pregnant, I had never been asked how I was feeling so much in all my life. 怀孕时,我接受到的关心真是一生中最多的阶段。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And however I replied, whether I was feeling wonderful and excited or scared and totally freaked out, there was always someone there giving me a "been there" response . 无论我如何回答,是觉得好奇妙、好兴奋, 还是很害怕、完全吓坏了, 总有人对我说:「我也是过来人。」
freaked:v.(使)强烈反应,震惊,畏惧;(freak的过去分词和过去式) response:n.响应;反应;回答;
It was awesome . 真棒。
awesome:adj.令人敬畏的;使人畏惧的;可怕的;极好的;
It was a welcome, yet dramatic departure from what I experience when I talk about my mixed feelings of my abortion. 这是个令人愉快、戏剧性的再出发,
dramatic:adj.突然的;巨大的;令人吃惊的;激动人心的; departure:n.离开;出发;违背;
Pro-voice is about the real stories of real people making an impact on the way abortion and so many other politicized and stigmatized issues are understood and discussed. 优声权要的是用真人真事, 冲击大家对堕胎 及其他被政治化、汙名化的议题 所持的看法及争论。
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; politicized:adj.政治化的; v.使具有政治性; stigmatized:adj.受非难的;被污名化的;v.污辱;指责(stigmatize的过去分词);
From sexuality and mental health to poverty and incarceration . 从性取向、心理健康、贫穷到监禁都是。
sexuality:n.[胚]性别;性欲;性征;性方面的事情(比如性行为或性能力); poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭;
Far beyond definition as single right or wrong decisions, our experiences can exist on a spectrum . 我们的经历形形色色,远远超过二分法的定义。 优声权的重点是人类经历的对话,
definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释; spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
Pro-voice focuses that conversation on human experience and it makes support and respect possible for all. 优声权的重点是人类经历的对话, 并支持及尊重所有可能。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）