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AshtonApplewhite_2017-_让我们一起终结年龄歧视_
What's one thing that every person in this room is going to become? 在座的每个人都会变成什么样？
Older. 变老。
And most of us are scared stiff at the prospect . 而且大多数人一想到变老就吓坏了。
stiff:adj.呆板的; v.僵硬地; n.死尸; v.诈骗; prospect:n.展望;前景;希望;前途;v.勘探;探矿;
How does that word make you feel? 这个词会让你产生怎样的感觉呢？
I used to feel the same way. 我过去也有这样的感受。
What was I most worried about? 我曾经最担心的是什么呢？
Ending up drooling in some grim institutional hallway. 最终在养老院 阴冷的走廊上流着口水。
drooling:v.垂涎;淌口水;(对…)垂涎欲滴,过分痴迷(drool的现在分词) grim:adj.冷酷的;糟糕的;残忍的; institutional:adj.制度的;
And then I learned that only four percent of older Americans are living in nursing homes, and the percentage is dropping. 之后我了解到 只有 4% 的美国老年人, 居住在养老院。 而且这个百分比正在下降。
percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成;
What else was I worried about? 我还曾担心过什么呢？
Dementia . 失智症。
Dementia:n.[内科]痴呆;
Turns out that most of us can think just fine to the end. 其实大多数人在去世前 都保持着正常的思考能力。
Dementia rates are dropping, too. 失智症的比例也在下降。
The real epidemic is anxiety over memory loss. 真正的流行病是我们对失忆的焦虑。
epidemic:n.流行病;蔓延;adj.传染病;流行性的; anxiety:n.焦虑;渴望;挂念;令人焦虑的事;
(Laughter) （笑声）
I also figured that old people were depressed because they were old and they were going to die soon. 同时,我发现老人们是抑郁沮丧的。 因为他们老了, 而且很快就会去世了。
depressed:adj.沮丧的; v.使抑郁; (depress的过去式和过去分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
It turns out that the longer people live, the less they fear dying, and that people are happiest at the beginnings and the end of their lives. 其实人活的越长, 越无惧死亡。 而且人们在生命最初 和最末的阶段是最开心的。
It's called the U-curve of happiness, and it's been borne out by dozens of studies around the world. 这被称作 U 型幸福曲线。 这个结论是由全世界许多研究产生的。
You don't have to be a Buddhist or a billionaire . 你不需要是佛教徒或者亿万富翁。
Buddhist:n.佛教徒;adj.佛教的; billionaire:n.亿万富翁;
The curve is a function of the way aging itself affects the brain. 这个曲线说明了 年龄自身对大脑的影响作用。
curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形;
So I started feeling a lot better about getting older, and I started obsessing about why so few people know these things. 所以我开始对变老感觉好多了。 然而我开始困扰 为什么很少人明白这些道理。
obsessing:v.使痴迷;使迷恋;使着迷;唠叨;挂牵(obsess的现在分词)
The reason is ageism : discrimination and stereotyping on the basis of age. 原因是:年龄主义。 针对年龄的歧视和刻板印象。
ageism:n.对老年人的歧视; discrimination:n.歧视;区别,辨别;识别力; stereotyping:n.刻板印象;浇版;v.把…浇铸成铅版;使成为陈规(stereotype的现在分词); on the basis of:根据;基于…;
We experience it anytime someone assumes we're too old for something, instead of finding out who we are and what we're capable of, or too young. 每时每刻都有人认为 我们太老了、不适合做某件事。 而不是了解清楚
assumes:v.假定;采用;承担;呈;(assumes是assume的第三人称单数) capable:adj.能干的,能胜任的;有才华的;
Ageism cuts both ways. 我们是怎样的人,我们的能力如何。
All -isms are socially constructed ideas -- racism , sexism , homophobia -- and that means we make them up, and they can change over time. 或者是太年轻了,不适合做某事。 年龄主义对两方面都有影响。 所有「主义」都是 社会建构的观念——
constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式) racism:n.种族主义,种族歧视;人种偏见; sexism:n.(针对女性的)性别歧视;男性至上主义; homophobia:n.对同性恋的恐惧;对同性恋的憎恶;
All these prejudices pit us against each other to maintain the status quo , like auto workers in the US competing against auto workers in Mexico instead of organizing for better wages . 种族主义、性别歧视主义、 同性恋恐惧症。 这意味着我们创造了这些观念, 而且它们能随时间改变。 所有这些偏见使我们针锋相对,
prejudices:成见;偏见;歧视(prejudice的复数); pit:n.深洞;深坑;矿井;麻子;v.使…表面有斑点;在…上打洞;去掉…的果核; maintain:v.维持;保持;维修;保养;坚持(意见); status quo:n.现状;原来的状况; auto:n.汽车;v.坐汽车; competing:adj.相互冲突的;相互矛盾的;v.竞争;对抗;参加比赛;(compete的现在分词) organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词) wages:n.[劳经]工资; v.开展(运动等)(wage的第三人称单数形式);
(Applause) 只为维持现状。
We know it's not OK to allocate resources by race or by sex. 就像美国的汽车工人 和墨西哥的汽车工人互相竞争,
allocate:vt.分配;拨出;使坐落于;vi.分配;指定; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
Why should it be OK to weigh the needs of the young against the old? 而不是联合起来,争取更高的薪酬。
All prejudice relies on "othering" -- seeing a group of people as other than ourselves: other race, other religion, other nationality. （鼓掌） 我们知道不能 根据种族或性别分配资源, 那为什么要将年轻人 和年长者的需求对立看待呢？
relies:信任;
The strange thing about ageism: that other is us. 所有的偏见都来自于「他者」—— 将一群人视为「他者」,
Ageism feeds on denial -- our reluctance to acknowledge that we are going to become that older person. 跟我们自身区别。 他们来自其它的种族、 宗教信仰、国籍。
denial:n.否认;否定;剥夺(应有的权利);拒不承认(令人不快、痛苦的事); reluctance:n.[电磁]磁阻;勉强;不情愿;
It's denial when we try to pass for younger or when we believe in anti-aging products, or when we feel like our bodies are betraying us, simply because they are changing. 关于年龄主义, 有件很奇怪的事情是: 我们终将成为「他者。」 年龄主义建立在否认之上—— 我们不愿意承认 我们终有一天也将成为老人。
anti-aging:n.抗衰老; betraying:v.背叛:泄露(机密):辜负:(betray的现在分词)
Why on earth do we stop celebrating the ability to adapt and grow as we move through life? 我们假装自己还年轻, 我们相信抗衰老产品,
adapt:vt.使适应;改编;vi.适应;
Why should aging well mean struggling to look and move like younger versions of ourselves? 我们感觉身体背叛了自己, 其实只是因为身体衰老了。
It's embarrassing to be called out as older until we quit being embarrassed about it, and it's not healthy to go through life dreading our futures. 我们究竟为什么不再赞美自己 在进入生命新阶段时 适应和成长的能力呢？ 为什么变老意味着 努力保持年轻时的容貌,
embarrassing:adj.令人尴尬的; v.使尴尬; (embarrass的现在分词) quit:v.离开;放弃;停止;使…解除;n.离开;[计]退出;adj.摆脱了…的;已经了结的; embarrassed:adj.尴尬的;窘迫的;v.使...局促不安;(embarrass的过去分词和过去式) dreading:v.非常害怕;极为担心;(dread的现在分词)
The sooner we get off this hamster wheel of age denial, the better off we are. 像年轻时一样行动？ 被别人称作老年人是件 很尴尬的事情,
hamster:n.仓鼠;仓鼠毛皮; wheel:车轮,转动
Stereotypes are always a mistake, of course, but especially when it comes to age, because the longer we live, the more different from one another we become. 除非我们不再 因为衰老而感到难为情。 而且对未来感到恐惧 也不是健康的生活方式。 我们越早放下对衰老循环般的恐惧, 我们的生活就会越好。
Stereotypes:n.模式化观念(或形象); v.对…形成模式化(或类型化)的看法; (stereotype的第三人称单数和复数) especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
Right? Think about it. 当然,刻板印象常常是错误的
And yet, we tend to think of everyone in a retirement home as the same age: old -- 关于年龄的刻板印象尤其错误。 因为我们越年长,
retirement home:n.养老院;敬老院;
(Laughter) 就越来越不同于他人。
when they can span four decades. 对吗？想想看。
span:n.持续时间; v.持续;
Can you imagine thinking that way about a group of people between the ages of 20 and 60? 但我们还是倾向于认为 养老院的所有人 都是一样的年纪:老年人。
When you get to a party, do you head for people your own age? （笑声）
Have you ever grumbled about entitled millennials ? 尽管他们的年龄跨度有四十年。
grumbled:vi.抱怨;嘟囔;n.怨言;vt.喃喃地说出;adj.抱怨地表示;嘟囔地说; entitled:v.使享有权利;使符合资格;给…命名;(entitle的过去分词和过去式) millennials:n.千禧世代;千禧之子;千禧一代(millennial的复数);
Have you ever rejected a haircut or a relationship or an outing because it's not age-appropriate? 你能想像用这种方式来考虑 一组 20 岁到 60 岁之间的人吗？
rejected:adj.被拒的;不合格的;v.拒绝,驳回;(reject的过去式和过去分词)
For adults, there's no such thing. 当你参加聚会的时候, 是否会去寻找和你年纪相仿的人？
All these behaviors are ageist . 你是否抱怨过千禧世代？
ageist:年龄歧视者;
We all do them, and we can't challenge bias unless we're aware of it. 你是否拒绝过一种发型、 一段感情或者一次出游, 因为年龄不合适？
bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的;
Nobody's born ageist, but it starts at early childhood , around the same time attitudes towards race and gender start to form, because negative messages about late life bombard us from the media and popular culture at every turn. 对于成年人来说, 这些事情不会发生。 这些都是歧视年龄的行为。 我们都有这些歧视行为。 我们无法挑战这种偏见, 除非我们认识到它的存在。 没有人是天生的年龄歧视者,
childhood:n.童年;幼年;孩童时期 attitudes:n.态度,看法(attitude复数); gender:n.性别; negative:adj.[数]负的;消极的;否定的;阴性的;n.否定;负数;[摄]底片;v.否定;拒绝; bombard:vt.轰炸;炮击;n.射石炮; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
Right? Wrinkles are ugly . 但年龄歧视在童年早期就已发生,
Wrinkles:n.皱纹;皱痕;v.起皱纹;皱起;(使)起皱褶;(wrinkle的第三人称单数和复数) ugly:adj.丑陋的;邪恶的;令人厌恶的;
Old people are pathetic . 在种族、性别意识产生的同时。
pathetic:adj.可怜的,悲哀的;感伤的;乏味的;
It's sad to be old. 因为关于老年的信息 对我们进行狂轰滥炸,
Look at Hollywood. 每时每刻来自 媒体和流行文化的轰炸。
A survey of recent Best Picture nominations found that only 12 percent of speaking or named characters were age 60 and up, and many of them were portrayed as impaired . 对吗？皱纹是丑的。 老年人是可怜的。 衰老令人悲伤。 看看好莱坞,
survey:n.调查;测量;审视;纵览;vt.调查;勘测;俯瞰;vi.测量土地; nominations:n.提名(nomination的复数); portrayed:v.描绘;描画;描写;表现;扮演(某角色)(portray的过去分词和过去式) impaired:adj.受损的;v.损害(impair的过去式和过去分词);
Older people can be the most ageist of all, because we've had a lifetime to internalize these messages and we've never thought to challenge them. 关于最佳影片提名的一项调查显示, 影片中仅有 12% 的主要角色 是 60 岁以上的老年人,
internalize:vt.使(习俗等经吸收同化而)内在化;使藏在心底;
I had to acknowledge it and stop colluding . 而且许多角色被描绘成 有缺陷的、受损害的。 老年人自己可能是年龄歧视 最强有力的支持者。
colluding:v.密谋;勾结;串通;(collude的现在分词)
'" Senior moment " quips , for example: 因为我们有一生的时间 来内化这些歧视的信息,
Senior moment:n.(非正式)老年失忆症; quips:n.妙语;嘲弄;讽刺语;vi.嘲弄;讥讽;vt.嘲弄;
I stopped making them when it dawned on me that when I lost the car keys in high school, 而且从未想过要挑战它们。 我不得不承认
dawned:n.天亮了;v.破晓(dawn的过去分词);
I didn't call it a " junior moment." 而且退出这种集体歧视。
junior:n.青少年;职位较低者;adj.青少年的;地位低下的;
(Laughter) 比如说:老糊涂。
I stopped blaming my sore knee on being 64. 我不再使用这些讽刺性的词语,
sore:n.疮;痛处;伤处;adj.(发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的;气恼;愤慨;
My other knee doesn't hurt, and it's just as old. 因为我发现当我在高中 丢失了车钥匙的时候, 我并没有将它称之为 「青年人的糊涂。」
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) 我不再将膝盖疼归咎于 64 岁高龄,
We are all worried about some aspect of getting older, whether running out of money, getting sick, ending up alone, and those fears are legitimate and real. 我的另一个膝盖并不疼, 但它也一样老。 （笑声） （鼓掌）
aspect:n.方面;层面;外观;方位; legitimate:adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的;v.使合法;认为正当(等于legitimize);
But what never dawns on most of us is that the experience of reaching old age can be better or worse depending on the culture in which it takes place. 我们都会对变老的某些方面感到担忧, 也许是经济上的困难, 也许是疾病,孤老终生, 而且这些恐惧都是 合情合理的、真实存在的。
dawns:n.黎明;开端;vt.破晓;出现;被领悟;
It is not having a vagina that makes life harder for women. 但是我们大多数人没有发现的是,
vagina:n.[解剖]阴道;叶鞘;鞘;
It's sexism. 衰老的经历
(Applause) 是幸福还是痛苦,
It's not loving a man that makes life harder for gay guys. 取决于你所属的文化。
It's homophobia. 并不是阴道让女性的生活更加艰难。
And it is not the passage of time that makes getting older so much harder than it has to be. 是性别歧视。 （鼓掌,喝彩）
It is ageism. 并不是同性之爱 让男同志的生活更加困苦。
When labels are hard to read or there's no handrail or we can't open the damn jar, we blame ourselves, our failure to age successfully, instead of the ageism that makes those natural transitions shameful and the discrimination that makes those barriers acceptable . 是同性恋恐惧症。 并不是时间的流逝 让衰老更加艰辛。 是年龄歧视。 当我们很难看清标签的时候, 或者是没有栏杆的时候, 或者是打不开可恶的罐头时,
labels:n.标签;分类(label的复数形式);v.贴标签于;把…称为(label的三单形式); handrail:n.扶手;(楼梯等的)栏杆; damn:v.谴责;该死;n.诅咒;adj.可恶的; transitions:n.过渡,转变(transition的复数形式);转场效果;转换滤镜; shameful:adj.可耻的;不体面的;不道德的;猥亵的; barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式); acceptable:adj.认同的;可接受的;令人满意的;
You can't make money off satisfaction , but shame and fear create markets, and capitalism always needs new markets. 我们谴责自己, 我们把失败归咎于年龄, 而不是归咎于年龄主义, 它使人们羞愧于年龄的自然更替。
satisfaction:n.满意,满足;赔偿;乐事;赎罪; capitalism:n.资本主义;
Who says wrinkles are ugly? 也没有归咎于年龄歧视, 它让人们接受这些壁垒。
The multi-billion-dollar skin care industry. 你无法从人们 对生活的满足感中赚钱,
multi-billion-dollar:几十亿美元;
Who says perimenopause and low T and mild cognitive impairment are medical conditions? 但是羞愧和恐惧能够创造市场, 而且资本主义总是需要新的市场。
mild:adj.温和的; n.(英国的一种)淡味麦芽啤酒; cognitive:adj.认知的,认识的; impairment:n.损伤,损害;
The trillion-dollar pharmaceutical industry. 谁说皱纹是丑陋的？
pharmaceutical:adj.制药(学)的;n.药物;
(Cheers) 那些价值数十亿美元的 皮肤保养产業这样说。
The more clearly we see these forces at work, the easier it is to come up with alternative , more positive and more accurate narratives . 谁说近更年期、 睪丸素偏低、轻度认知障碍 是医学上的疾病呢？ 那些上万亿的制药产業这样说。
come up with:提出;想出;赶上; alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; accurate:adj.精确的; narratives:n.叙述,故事;叙述的手法(narrative复数);
Aging is not a problem to be fixed or a disease to be cured. （欢呼）
disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病;
It is a natural, powerful, lifelong process that unites us all. 我们越清楚这些力量如何运作,
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; unites:联合;合并;
Changing the culture is a tall order , I know that, but culture is fluid . 就越容易找到替代方法,
a tall order:苛求;艰巨的任务;过高要求; fluid:adj.流动的;流畅的;不固定的;n.流体;液体;
Look at how much the position of women has changed in my lifetime or the incredible strides that the gay rights movement has made in just a few decades, right? 找到更积极、准确的叙述方式。 衰老不是一个需要解决的问题, 也不是一种需要治疗的疾病。 它是自然的、有力的、终身的进程, 它将所有人联结在一起。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; strides:n.大步;步幅(stride的复数形式);v.跨过;迈步(stride的第三人称单数形式);
(Applause) 我知道改变文化是很困难的, 但是文化是流动的。
Look at gender. 看看在我的一生中, 女性的地位得到了多么大的提升。
We used to think of it as a binary , male or female , and now we understand it's a spectrum . 或者是同志平权运动 取得的惊人飞跃, 仅仅发生在过去的几十年中,对吗？
binary:adj.[数]二进制的;二元的,二态的; female:adj.女性的;雌性的;柔弱的,柔和的;n.女人;[动]雌性动物; spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
It is high time to ditch the old-young binary, too. （鼓掌）
high time:应该立即做某事的时候; ditch:v.在…上掘沟;把…开入沟里;丢弃;n.沟渠;壕沟;
There is no line in the sand between old and young, after which it's all downhill . 看看性别议题。 我们以前认为性别 是二元的,男性或女性,
line in the sand:底线;划清的界限;划清界限; downhill:adv.下坡;向下;每况愈下;adj.下坡的;容易的;n.下坡;滑降;
And the longer we wait to challenge that idea, the more damage it does to ourselves and our place in the world, like in the workforce , where age discrimination is rampant . 我们现在了解到性别是连续的光谱。 现在也是时候抛弃 老人与年轻人的二元对立了。 老人与年轻人之间 没有明确的分界线,
workforce:n.劳动大军;全体员工; rampant:adj.猖獗的;蔓延的;狂暴的;奔放的;
In Silicon Valley , engineers are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged before key interviews -- and these are skilled white men in their 30s, so imagine the effects further down the food chain . 这样想一切都容易多了。 我们越晚挑战这个观点, 它对我们自身和我们 在世界的定位就伤害越大。 比如在工作场所, 在那里年龄歧视猖獗。
Silicon Valley:n.硅谷(美国加利福尼亚州一处计算机和电子公司聚集地,有时用以指任何计算机公司聚集地); interviews:n.面试; v.对(某人)进行面试(或面谈); skilled:adj.熟练的;有技能的;需要技能的; food chain:n.食物链;
(Laughter) 在硅谷,工程师 注射肉毒杆菌、做人工植发,
The personal and economic consequences are devastating . 来迎接重要的面试。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; consequences:n.后果,结果;影响(consequence的复数); devastating:adj.毁灭性的; v.毁灭; (devastate的现在分词)
Not one stereotype about older workers holds up under scrutiny . 而且他们是技术高超的、 三十多岁的白人男性,
scrutiny:n.详细审查;监视;细看;选票复查;
Companies aren't adaptable and creative because their employees are young; they're adaptable and creative despite it. 所以可以想像 食物链下游所受的影响。 （笑声）
adaptable:adj.适合的;能适应的;可修改的; creative:adj.创造性的; despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱;
Companies -- 个人的、经济上的后果 是非常沉重的。
(Laughter) 现在许多关于老年工作者的 刻板印象需要仔细斟酌。
(Applause) 公司不会因为年轻员工 而具有适应能力和创造力。
We know that diverse companies aren't just better places to work; they work better. 没有年轻员工, 公司也能保有适应能力和创造力。 公司──
diverse:adj.不同的;多种多样的;变化多的;
And just like race and sex, age is a criterion for diversity . （笑声）
criterion:n.(批评判断的)标准;准则;规范;准据; diversity:n.差异(性):多样性:多样化:
A growing body of fascinating research shows that attitudes towards aging affect how our minds and bodies function at the cellular level. （鼓掌） 多元化的公司不仅是 适合工作的地方, 而且它们工作得更好。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词) cellular:adj.细胞的;多孔的;由细胞组成的;n.移动电话;单元;
When we talk to older people like this (Speaks more loudly) 和种族、性别一样, 年龄也是檢验多样性的标准。
or call them "sweetie" or "young lady" -- it's called elderspeak -- they appear to instantly age, walking and talking less competently . 越来越多很有吸引力的研究显示, 关于衰老的态度 会在细胞层面上影响我们的 大脑和身体的运作。 当我们这样与老年人沟通（音量提高）
competently:adv.胜任地;适合地;
People with more positive feelings towards aging walk faster, they do better on memory tests, they heal quicker, and they live longer. 或者称他们为「亲爱的」 或者「年轻的女士」—— 这种沟通方式被称作「老人语」—— 他们似乎会立即衰老, 步伐不再矫健,谈吐不再自信。
heal:v.复原;治疗(病人);使又愉快起来;(使)结束
Even with brains full of plaques and tangles , some people stayed sharp to the end. 那些对衰老持有积极态度的人, 他们走得更快,
plaques:n.斑块;瓷片;奖章;饰板(plaque的复数); tangles:n.缠结; v.使缠结; sharp:锋利的,尖的
What did they have in common? 他们在记忆测试上的表现更好,
A sense of purpose. 他们康复得更快, 而且他们活得更久。
And what's the biggest obstacle to having a sense of purpose in late life? 即使是在充满了 斑块和缠结的大脑里,
obstacle:n.障碍;障碍物;阻碍;绊脚石;
A culture that tells us that getting older means shuffling offstage . 有些人直到去世前头脑依然敏锐。
shuffling:v.拖着脚走;坐立不安;洗牌;(shuffle的现在分词) offstage:n.舞台后面;舞台内部;adj.舞台内部的;adv.在舞台内部;私生活里;
That's why the World Health Organization is developing a global anti-ageism initiative to extend not just life span but health span. 他们有什么共同点呢？ 目标明确。 在晚年生活中,什么会 严重阻碍人们保有目标呢？
Organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; extend:vt.延伸; vi.延伸;
Women experience the double whammy of ageism and sexism, so we experience aging differently. 一种文化,认定衰老 即走下人生舞台。 这是为什么世界卫生组织开展 全球反对年龄歧视的倡议。
double whammy:祸不单行;双重重击;双重打击;
There's a double standard at work here -- shocker -- 不仅增加寿命,还能延续健康。
double standard:双重标准; shocker:n.令人震惊的人或事物;耸人听闻的故事或小说;
(Laughter) 女性经历着双重打击,
the notion that aging enhances men and devalues women. 来自年龄主义和性别歧视主义,
notion:n.观念;信念;理解; enhances:提高(enhance的第三人称单数); devalues:vt.使贬值;降低…的价值;vi.贬值;
Women reinforce this double standard when we compete to stay young, another punishing and losing proposition . 所以我们对衰老有不同的体会。 这里运作着双重标准——震惊——
reinforce:vt.加强,加固; vi.求援; n.加强; proposition:n.提议;待处理的问题;任务;(美国)法律修正议案;见解;命题;v.向...提议;
Does any woman in this room really believe that she is a lesser version -- less interesting, less fun in bed, less valuable -- than the woman she once was? （笑声） 衰老让男性增值,却使女性贬值。 当女性争着保持年轻的时候, 这样的双重标准得以增强。 保持年轻是艰苦的、 注定失败的想法。
lesser:adj.较少的;次要的;更小的;adv.较少地;更小地;不及; valuable:adj.有价值的;贵重的;可估价的;n.贵重物品;
This discrimination affects our health, our well-being and our income, and the effects add up over time. 这个房间里难道真的有女人相信 衰老后的她成为了次等品── 不再有趣,不再性感,不再有价值──
well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
They are further compounded by race and by class, which is why, everywhere in the world, the poorest of the poor are old women of color. 和年轻时的她相比？ 这样的歧视影响着我们的健康, 我们的幸福和收入,
compounded:adj.[生物]复合的,化合的;v.混合;组成(compound的过去式和过去分词);
What's the takeaway from that map? 而且影响与日俱增。
By 2050, one out of five of us, almost two billion people, will be age 60 and up. 种族和阶级因素 使这种歧视雪上加霜, 这就是为什么在世界上每一个角落, 最穷的人往往是 有色人种的老年妇女。
Longevity is a fundamental hallmark of human progress. 我们能从这张地图上 了解到什么知识呢？
Longevity:n.长寿,长命;寿命; fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的; hallmark:n.特点;品质证明;vt.给…盖上品质证明印记;使具有…标志;
All these older people represent a vast unprecedented and untapped market. 到 2050 年, 五个人中就会有一个,
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; unprecedented:adj.空前的;无前例的; untapped:adj.未开发的;未使用的;塞子未开的;
And yet, capitalism and urbanization have propelled age bias into every corner of the globe, from Switzerland, where elders fare the best, to Afghanistan , which sits at the bottom of the Global AgeWatch Index . 大概总计二十亿人, 是 60 岁以上的老年人。 长寿是人类进步的重要标志。 年长者代表着一个巨大的、 史无前例的、从未被涉足的市场。
urbanization:n.都市化;文雅化; propelled:adj.推进的;v.推动;驱使(propel的过去分词); fare:n.车费;饭菜;船费;飞机票价;v.成功(或不成功、更好等); Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲); Index:n.指标;指数;索引;指针;v.做索引;指出;编入索引中;
Half of the world's countries aren't mentioned on that list because we don't bother to collect data on millions of people because they're no longer young. 然而,资本主义和城市化把年龄偏见 推进到世界的每一个角落, 从瑞士,在那里老年人 得到了最好的照顾,
bother:v.烦扰,打扰;使…不安;操心,麻烦;n.麻烦;烦恼;
Almost two-thirds of people over 60 around the world say they have trouble accessing healthcare . 到阿富汗,在全球老龄 观察指数中垫底。 世界上近半数的国家 没有出现在排行榜中,
two-thirds:n.三分之二;三分之二的;三分之二地; healthcare:n.医疗保健;健康护理,健康服务;卫生保健;
Almost three-quarters say their income doesn't cover basic services like food, water, electricity , and decent housing. 因为我们不屑于收集 进两百万人的数据, 因为他们不再年轻。
three-quarters:adj.四分之三的;n.四分之三; electricity:n.电力;电流;强烈的紧张情绪; decent:adj.正派的;得体的;相当好的;
Is this the world we want our children, who may well live to be a hundred, to inherit ? 在全球 60 岁以上的老年人中, 近三分之二认为 他们获得医疗卫生服务是困难的。
inherit:v.继承;接替(责任等);继任;
Everyone -- all ages, all genders , all nationalities -- is old or future-old, and unless we put an end to it, ageism will oppress us all. 进四分之三的老年人认为 他们的收入无法支付基本生活费用, 比如食物、水、电和像样的住房。 这真的是我们想让 子孙后代继承的世界吗？
genders:n.性别;性; put an end to:结束;终止; oppress:vt.压迫,压抑;使…烦恼;使…感到沉重;
And that makes it a perfect target for collective advocacy . 他们可能会活到 100 多岁。
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; advocacy:n.主张;拥护;辩护;
Why add another -ism to the list when so many, racism in particular , call out for action? 每个人——不分年龄、性别、国籍—— 已经衰老或终将衰老,
in particular:尤其,特别;
Here's the thing: we don't have to choose. 如果我们不终结它, 年龄歧视将会压迫我们每一个人。 这让它成为了集体倡议的最佳目标。
When we make the world a better place to grow old in, we make it a better place in which to be from somewhere else, to have a disability , to be queer , to be non-rich, to be non-white . 为什么又把一个「主义」 加入到斗争的行列中？ 许多的主义,特别是种族歧视主义, 还没有得到彻底根除。 事情是这样的: 我们不需要进行选择。
disability:n.残疾;无能;无资格;不利条件; queer:adj.奇怪的; vt.搞糟; n.同性恋者; non-white:adj.非白种的;
And when we show up at all ages for whatever cause matters most to us -- save the whales, save the democracy -- we not only make that effort more effective , we dismantle ageism in the process. 当我们把世界变成适合 老年人居住的地方, 我们也把它变成了适合 他人居住的地方, 适宜残疾人居住, 适宜酷儿、穷人、有色人种居住。
democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治; effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; dismantle:v.拆开,拆卸;(逐渐)废除,取消;
Longevity is here to stay. 当我们在不同年龄阶段, 为其它重要的事情奋斗时——
A movement to end ageism is underway . 拯救海豚,拯救民主——
underway:adj.进行中的;起步的;航行中的;n.[公路]水底通道;
I'm in it, and I hope you will join me. 我们不仅使那个倡议更加有效,
(Applause and cheers) 同时也解决了年龄歧视的问题。
Thank you. Let's do it! Let's do it! 长寿现象将一直存在,
(Applause) 终结年龄歧视的运动正在开展。