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AnoteTong_2015Z-_国家兴亡，匹夫有责_
Chris Anderson: Perhaps we could start by just telling us about your country. 克里斯安德森: 要么我们先从聊聊你的国家开始吧
It's three dots there on the globe. Those dots are pretty huge. 就是地球上的那三个点,我觉得那些点都挺大的
I think each one is about the size of California. 我觉得每个点应该和加利福尼亚州差不多大
Tell us about Kiribati. 给我们讲讲基里巴斯吧
Anote Tong : Well, let me first begin by saying how deeply grateful I am for this opportunity to share my story with people who do care. 汤安诺:那么,首先,请允许我表达一下我真挚的谢意 可以拥有这个机会和真正关心的人分享我的故事
Tong:n.帮会,堂;钳子;vi.用钳子钳起;vt.用钳子钳起;
I think I've been sharing my story with a lot of people who don't care too much. 我认为一直在和很多不太关心的人分享我的故事
But Kiribati is comprised of three groups of islands: the Gilbert Group on the west, we have the Phoenix Islands in the middle, and the Line Islands in the east. 但是基里巴斯分成三部分岛屿 西边的吉尔伯特岛屿群 中间的菲尼克斯岛屿群 和东边的莱恩岛屿群
comprised:v.包含(comprise的过去分词);由…组成; Phoenix:n.凤凰;死而复生的人;
And quite frankly, Kiribati is perhaps the only country that is actually in the four corners of the world, because we are in the Northern Hemisphere , in the Southern Hemisphere , and also in the east and the west of the International Date Line . 而且,说实话,基里巴斯大概是唯一真正 在世界四个角落的国家 因为我们既在北半球,又在南半球 还在国际日界线的东西两侧
Hemisphere:n.半球; International Date Line:n.日界线(联结地球南北极的假想线。向东航行越过此线须减去一天,向西须增加一天);
These islands are entirely made up of coral atolls , and on average about two meters above sea level . 这些岛屿全部是由珊瑚环礁组成的 平均大约在海平面两厘米处
made up of:由…组成,由…构成; coral:n.珊瑚;珊瑚虫;adj.珊瑚的;珊瑚色的; atolls:n.[海洋]环礁,[地理]环状珊瑚岛; sea level:海平面;
And so this is what we have. 这就是我的国家的情况
Usually not more than two kilometers in width . 通常宽度不超过两千米
width:n.宽度;广度;某一宽度的材料;(游泳池两长边之间的)池宽;
And so, on many occasions, I've been asked by people, "You know, you're suffering, why don't you move back?" 所以,人们经常问我 “你知道,如果你有困难,为什么不搬回来呢？”
They don't understand. 他们不明白
They have no concept of what it is that's involved . 他们根本不清楚其中蕴含着什么
involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词)
With the rising sea, they say, "Well, you can move back." 随着海平面的上升,他们说,“你可以搬回来的”
And so this is what I tell them. 我唯有告诉他们,
If we move back, we will fall off on the other side of the ocean. OK? 如果我们搬回来了,我们会掉进海洋的另一端,明白吗？
on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
But these are the kinds of issues that people don't understand. 但是人们不明白这些问题
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
CA: So certainly this is just a picture of fragility there. 克里斯安德森:很明显地,你们的国家有燃眉之急。
fragility:n.脆弱;[力]易碎性;虚弱;
When was it that you yourself realized that there might be impending peril for your country? 你是什么时候意识到 你的国家危险将至了呢？
impending:adj.迫在眉睫的; v.(事件,危险等)逼近; (impend的现在分词) peril:n.危险;冒险;vt.危及;置…于险境;
AT: Well, the story of climate change has been one that has been going on for quite a number of decades. 汤安诺:嗯,全球变暖的问题已经 出现好几十年了
And when I came into office in 2003, 当我在2003年上任的时候
I began talking about climate change at the United Nations General Assembly , but not with so much passion , because then there was still this controversy among the scientists whether it was human-induced, whether it was real or it wasn't. 我开始在联合国大会讲全球变暖 但是没有这么多的激情 因为科学家之间还在辩论 人类活动和全球变暖是否有关系,全球变暖是否真正存在
United Nations:n.联合国; Assembly:n.装配;集会,集合; passion:n.激情;热情;酷爱;盛怒; controversy:n.争论;论战;辩论;
But I think that that debate was fairly much concluded in 2007 with the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, which made a categorical statement that it is real, it's human-induced, and it's predicting some very serious scenarios for countries like mine. 但是,我认为那个辩论在2007年基本结束了 政府间气候变化专门委员会做出第四次评估报告 论证全球变暖的真实性和与人类活动的必然联系 而且,它所估测的结果是非常严重的 对于我的祖国那样的国家
debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; concluded:v.断定:得出结论:终止:达成:缔结(协定)(conclude的过去分词和过去式) Assessment:n.评定;估价; categorical:adj.绝对的(名词categoricalness,副词categorically,异体字categoric); statement:n.声明;陈述,叙述;报表,清单; predicting:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的现在分词) scenarios:n.情节;脚本;情景介绍(scenario的复数);
And so that's when I got very serious. 所以,我必须很认真,
In the past, I talked about it. 过去,我谈论它
We were worried. 我们很担心
But when the scenarios, the predictions came in 2007, it became a real issue for us. 但在2007年那些预测出来的时候 它于我们而言成了一个真实的问题
predictions:n.预测,预言(prediction复数形式);
CA: Now, those predictions are, I think, that by 2100, sea levels are forecast to rise perhaps three feet. 克里斯安德森:现在,我想,预测是,到2100年 海平面可能会上升三英尺
forecast:n.预测;预报;v.预测;预报;
There's scenarios where it's higher than that, for sure, but what would you say to a skeptic who said, "What's three feet? 肯定有预测结果比这个还严重 但是对于一个不相信全球变暖的人说 “三英尺是算什么？
skeptic:n.怀疑论者;怀疑者;无神论者;sceptic(英);
You're on average six feet above sea level. 人们平均比海平面高六英尺,
What's the problem?" 有什么问题呢？”
AT: Well, I think it's got to be understood that a marginal rise in sea level would mean a loss of a lot of land, because much of the land is low. 汤安诺:那么,我认为人们一定要知道一件事, 海平面的每一点上升 都意味着大片陆地的小时 因为大部分陆地都很低
marginal:adj.边缘的;临界的;末端的;
And quite apart from that, we are getting the swells at the moment. 而且,我们那时会面对浪潮
swells:v.涌浪;胀罐(swell的第三人称单数形式);n.肿胀(swell的复数);
So it's not about getting two feet. 所以不是关于涨两英尺
I think what many people do not understand is they think climate change is something that is happening in the future. 我认为很多人还不明白 是因为他们认为全球变暖是未来会发生的事情
Well, we're at the very bottom end of the spectrum . 我们现在在全世界的最低端
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
It's already with us. 这类事件已经在我们身边发生了
We have communities who already have been dislocated . 我们有社区必须搬迁,
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) dislocated:v.使(骨头)脱位;扰乱;使混乱;使运转不正常;(dislocate的过去分词和过去式)
They have had to move, and every parliament session , 他们不得不搬走,而且每次议会开会,
parliament:n.议会,国会; session:n.会议;(法庭的)开庭;(议会等的)开会;学期;讲习会;
I'm getting complaints from different communities asking for assistance to build seawalls , to see what we can do about the freshwater lens because it's being destroyed, and so in my trips to the different islands, 我都收到不同社区的抱怨 要求救助建立海堤 看看我们在淡水透镜这方面可以做些什么 因为它正在被毁灭 在我去不同岛屿的旅行中
complaints:n.不满;抱怨;投诉;控告;(complaint的复数) seawalls:n.海塘;防波堤; freshwater:adj.淡水的;无经验的;n.淡水;内河;湖水; lens:n.透镜,镜头;晶状体;隐形眼镜;汽车的灯玻璃;v.给…摄影;
I'm seeing evidence of communities which are now having to cope with the loss of food crops, the contamination of the water lenses , and I see these communities perhaps leaving, having to relocate , within five to 10 years. 我看到了一个个面临着大量的 食物损失和淡水透镜污染 的社区 我还看到了那些社区中的人在五到十年之内 不得不离开,不得不重建社区
evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明; cope:v.处理;n.大圆衣; contamination:n.污染,玷污;污染物; lenses:n.透镜;镜片;(眼球的)晶状体;(lens的复数) relocate:v.重新安置;(使)搬迁,迁移;
CA: And then, I think the country suffered its first cyclone , and this is connected, yes? What happened here? 克里斯安德森:我想,之后,你的祖国迎来了史上第一次飓风 这两件事情是有关联的,对吧？那里发生了什么？
cyclone:n.旋风;[气象]气旋;飓风;
AT: Well, we're on the equator, and I'm sure many of you understand that when you're on the equator, it's supposed to be in the doldrums . We're not supposed to get the cyclones . 汤安诺:嗯,我们在赤道上 而且我确定大多数人都清楚,赤道 应该是无风的,沉闷的,不应该出现飓风。
supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式) doldrums:n.忧郁;赤道无风带; cyclones:n.[气象]旋风;[化工]旋风分离器(cyclone的复数);
We create them, and then we send them either north or south. 是我们造成了它们,也是我们把它们送到南北两侧
(Laughter) （笑声）
But they aren't supposed to come back. 但是它们不应该回到赤道
But for the first time, at the beginning of this year, the Cyclone Pam, which destroyed Vanuatu, and in the process , the very edges of it actually touched our two southernmost islands, and all of Tuvalu was underwater when Hurricane Pam struck. 在今年年初,第一次, 帕姆飓风摧毁了瓦努阿图 而在过程中,帕姆飓风的边缘确实碰触了 我们最南侧的两个岛屿 而且帕姆飓风来临时,图瓦卢全部都被淹没
at the beginning of:在…的开始; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; southernmost:adj.最南的; underwater:adj.在水中的;水面下的;adv.在水下;n.水下; Hurricane:n.飓风,暴风;
But for our two southernmost islands, we had waves come over half the island, and so this has never happened before. 但是,对于我们最南部的两个岛屿 海浪覆盖大半个岛屿 而这是史上首次
It's a new experience. 这时一个全新的体验
And I've just come back from my own constituency , and I've seen these beautiful trees which had been there for decades, they've been totally destroyed. 我刚刚从我自己的选区回来 我看到了这些美丽的,屹立数十年的树木 它们尽数被毁灭了
constituency:n.(选区的)选民;支持者;(一批)顾客;
So this is what's happening, but when we talk about the rising sea level, we think it's something that happens gradually . 这就是正在发生的 但是当我们谈论海平面上升的时候 我们认为你那是日后会发生的事情
gradually:adv.渐渐地;逐步地;
It comes with the winds, it comes with the swells, and so they can be magnified , but what we are beginning to witness is the change in the weather pattern, which is perhaps the more urgent challenge that we will face sooner than perhaps the rising sea level. 它随着风来,随着涨潮来 因此,它们是可以被放大的 但是,当我们真正开始亲眼看到最严峻的挑战 -天气的变化 而这是我们将在海平面上升之前所要面对的
magnified:v.放大;扩大;增强;夸大;夸张;(magnify的过去分词和过去式) witness:n.证人;目击者;证据;v.目击;证明;为…作证; urgent:adj.紧急的;急迫的;
CA: So the country is already seeing effects now. 克里斯安德森:所以你的国家已经在见证气候变化的影响了
As you look forward , what are your options as a country, as a nation? 从你的角度来说,向未来展望, 你觉得作为一个国家,有怎样的选择呢？
look forward:向前看;期待;曲协盼望;盼望;朝前展望; options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式)
AT: Well, I've been telling this story every year. 汤安诺:我今年不断地把这个故事告诉别人
I think I visit a number of -- 我个人认为,我拜访了大量的.......
I've been traveling the world to try and get people to understand. 我一直在环游全球努力让人们明白
We have a plan, we think we have a plan. 我们有一个计划,我们认为我们有一个计划
And on one occasion, I think I spoke in Geneva and there was a gentleman who was interviewing me on something like this, and I said, "We are looking at floating islands," 在某个场合,我认为我在日内瓦讲述 有位在采访我的先生 问了我相似的问题 然后我说:“我们在关注正在漂浮的岛屿。”
interviewing:v.对(某人)进行面试;(媒体)采访,访问;(interview的现在分词)
and he thought it was funny, but somebody said, "No, this is not funny. These people are looking for solutions." 他觉得这很有趣,但是有人说了 “不,这不是一个玩笑。这些人在寻找措施。”
And so I have been looking at floating islands. 所以说,我一直在观察正在漂浮的岛屿
The Japanese are interested in building floating islands. 日本人对建造漂浮的岛屿很感兴趣
But, as a country, we have made a commitment that no matter what happens, we will try as much as possible to stay and continue to exist as a nation. 但是,作为一个国家,我们做出这样的一个承诺, 无论发生什么,我们都会倾尽全力 保持,并继续以一个国家的形式而存在
commitment:n.承诺;投入;保证;许诺; no matter what:不管什么…;
What that will take, it's going to be something quite significant , very, very substantial . 无论我们要付出什么代价 这都会是很重要的事情 是非常重大的事情
significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; substantial:adj.大量的;实质的;内容充实的;n.本质;重要材料;
Either we live on floating islands, or we have to build up the islands to continue to stay out of the water as the sea level rises and as the storms get more severe . 不管我们是居住在漂浮的岛屿上 还是我们为了继续留在陆地上而要建岛屿 随着海平面的上升,随着风暴越来越严重
severe:adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的;
But even that, it's going to be very, very difficult to get the kind of resourcing that we would need. 但是,即使如此,得到我们所需要的资源 都非常非常艰难
resourcing:v.向…提供资源(resource的ing形式);
CA: And then the only recourse is some form of forced migration . 克里斯安德森:唯一的办法是某种形式的逼迫性迁移
recourse:n.求援,求助;[经]追索权;依赖;救生索; migration:n.迁移;迁徙;转移;移居;
AT: Well, we are also looking at that because in the event that nothing comes forward from the international community , we are preparing, we don't want to be caught like what's happening in Europe. 汤安诺:嗯,那也是一个选择 因为到目前为止,国际社会 还没有什么其它举措。 我们在做准备 我们不想像欧洲一样手无足措
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
OK? We don't want to mass migrate at some point in time. 明白吗？我们不想在某个时刻大量移民
mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; migrate:vi.移动;随季节而移居;移往;vt.使移居;使移植;
We want to be able to give the people the choice today, those who choose and want to do that, to migrate. 我们想现在就给那些想移民的人们 移民的选择
We don't want something to happen that they are forced to migrate without having been prepared to do so. 我们不想在没有准备的情况下 让任何逼迫他们移民的事件发生
Of course, our culture is very different, our society is very different, and once we migrate into a different environment, a different culture, there's a whole lot of adjustments that are required. 当然了,我们的文化很不同,我们的社会也很不同 一旦我们移民到一个陌生的环境 一种不同的文化 需要很多的调整
adjustments:n.调整;调节;调整,适应;(adjustment的复数)
CA: Well, there's forced migration in your country's past, and I think just this week, just yesterday or the day before yesterday, you visited these people. 克里斯安德森:过去,你的国家的人民曾经被迫迁移 而且,我认为就在这周 就在昨天或者是前天 你拜访了那些人
What happened here? What's the story here? 那里发生了什么？有什么故事吗？
AT: Yes, and I'm sorry, I think somebody was asking why we were sneaking off to visit that place. 汤安诺:是的,而且我很抱歉,我认为有人问 我们为什么要偷偷摸摸地拜访那里
sneaking:adj.偷偷摸摸;暗中的;v.偷带;偷拿;偷走;(sneak的现在分词)
I had a very good reason, because we have a community of Kiribati people living in that part of the Solomon Islands, but these were people who were relocated from the Phoenix Islands, in fact, in the 1960s. 我有一个很好的原因,因为有一群基里巴斯人 居住在所罗门群岛上 但是实际上,在二十世纪六十年代 那些人是改住在菲尼克斯群岛上的
relocated:v.(使)搬迁,迁移;(relocate的过去分词和过去式)
There was serious drought , and the people could not continue to live on the island, and so they were moved to live here in the Solomon Islands. 那里有很严重的干旱,而那些人不能继续居住在那个岛屿上 了 所以他们搬到了所罗门群岛上
drought:n.干旱;缺乏;
And so yesterday it was very interesting to meet with these people. 所以,昨天和那些人的见面时一件很有趣的事情
They didn't know who I was. They hadn't heard of me. 他们不知道我是谁,他们没有听说过我
Some of them later recognized me, but I think they were very happy. 有些人后来认出我了 但是我认为他们非常高兴
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式)
Later they really wanted to have the opportunity to welcome me formally. 之后,他们很想有正是欢迎我的机会
But I think what I saw yesterday was very interesting because here I see our people. 但是,我认为,我昨天的所见很有趣 因为我见到了我祖国的人民
I spoke in our language, and of course they spoke back, they replied, but their accent , they are beginning not to be able to speak Kiribati properly. 我说的是我自己的雨燕,当然,他们也回答了,也回复了 但是它们的口音,他们开始不能正确地说基里巴斯语了
accent:n.口音;重音;强调;特点;重音符号;v.强调;重读;带…口音讲话;
I saw them, there was this lady with red teeth. 我看到他们,那里有有着红色牙齿的女士
She was chewing betel nuts, and it's not something we do in Kiribati. 她在吃槟榔 而我们在基里巴斯是不会这么做的
betel:n.萎叶(等于Piperbetle,产于东南亚);
We don't chew betel nuts. 我们不吃槟榔
I met also a family who have married the local people here, and so this is what is happening. 我还见到了一个娶了当地人的家庭 所以,这就是正在发生的
As you go into another community, there are bound to be changes. 当你踏入另一个社会,你就一定会有所改变
are bound to:一定会:必然:
There is bound to be a certain loss of identity , and this is what we will be looking for in the future if and when we do migrate. 而这种改变意味着一种身份的丢失 如果我们移民,在我们移民的那一刻,这就是 我们未来要面对的
is bound to:一定会:必然: identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
CA: It must have been just an extraordinarily emotional day because of these questions about identity, the joy of seeing you and perhaps an emphasized sense of what they had lost. 克里斯安德森:那一定是一个不同寻常的感性的一天 由于那些关于身份的问题 看到你的那种高兴,也许,更强烈地意识到他们损失了什么
extraordinarily:adv.非常;格外地;非凡地; emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的; emphasized:v.强调,着重(emphasize的过去式);
And it's very inspiring to hear you say you're going to fight to the end to try to preserve the nation in a location . 而听到你说你会一直奋斗到最后,会一直让你的祖国不改变当前的位置 是一件很令人有所感慨的事情
inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词) preserve:vt.保存;保护;维持;腌;禁猎;n.保护区;禁猎地;加工成的食品; location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位
AT: This is our wish. 汤安诺:这是我们的愿望
Nobody wants ever to leave their home, and so it's been a very difficult decision for me. 没有人想离开他们的家 所以这对于我而言是一个很困难的决定
As a leader, you don't make plans to leave your island, your home, and so I've been asked on a number of occasions, "So how do you feel?" 作为一个领导者,你不会计划离开你的岛屿,你的家 我时常被被问, “那么,你有什么感受？”
And it doesn't feel good at all. 我感觉一点都不好
It's an emotional thing, and I've tried to live with it, and I know that on occasions, I'm accused of not trying to solve the problem because I can't solve the problem. 这是一件感性的事情,我尝试这容忍它 我知道在那些场合上,我被人指责,说我没有努力解决问题 是因为我不能解决它
accused:v.控告;控诉;谴责;(accuse的过去分词和过去式)
It's something that's got to be done collectively . 这是发生过很多次的事情
collectively:adv.共同地,全体地;
Climate change is a global phenomenon , and as I've often argued, unfortunately , the countries, when we come to the United Nations -- 全球变暖是一件全球性的现象,而且,如同我经常讲的一样 不幸的是,这些国家,当我们来到联合国的时候
global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; phenomenon:n.现象;杰出的人;非凡的人(或事物); unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
I was in a meeting with the Pacific Island Forum countries where Australia and New Zealand are also members, and we had an argument. 我在太平洋岛屿论坛上参加一个会议 澳大利亚和新西兰也都在场 然后我们有一场争论
Forum:n.论坛,讨论会;法庭;公开讨论的广场; Zealand:西兰岛(丹麦最大的岛)
There was a bit of a story in the news because they were arguing that to cut emissions , it would be something that they're unable to do because it would affect the industries. 新闻上有讲述播过一小部分 因为他们在谈论减少温室气体 是一件他们做不到的事情 因为它会影响工业
emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数)
And so here I was saying, 所以我说
OK, I hear you, 好的,我听到了
I understand what you're saying, but try also to understand what I'm saying because if you do not cut your emissions, then our survival is on the line . 我能理解你所说的 但是试着理解我所说的 因为如果你不减少你们国家的温室气体 我们就会命悬一线
survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; on the line:处于危险中;模棱两可;在电话线上;
And so it's a matter for you to weigh this, these moral issues. 所以你们应该掂量掂量这些道德问题
moral:n.寓意;品行;教益;adj.道德的;道义上的;道德上的;品行端正的;
It's about industry as opposed to the survival of a people. 这是关于工业和人们的生存
opposed:adj.强烈反对; v.反对(计划、政策等); (oppose的过去分词和过去式)
CA: You know, I ask you yesterday what made you angry, and you said, "I don't get angry." But then you paused. 克里斯安德森:你知道的,我昨天问你什么惹你生气 然后你说:“我不会生气的。”但是之后你停顿了一下
I think this made you angry. 我认为这就是惹你生气的事情
AT: I'd refer you to my earlier statement at the United Nations. 汤安诺:我想你是指我之前在联合国发表的观点
refer:v.参考;涉及;提到;查阅;
I was very angry, very frustrated and then depressed . 我十分生气,很沮丧,也很失望
frustrated:adj.失意的,挫败的;泄气的;v.挫败;阻挠;(frustrate的过去式和过去分词) depressed:adj.沮丧的; v.使抑郁; (depress的过去式和过去分词)
There was a sense of futility that we are fighting a fight that we have no hope of winning. 觉得毫无希望 就像我们在打一没有胜算的仗
futility:n.无用;徒劳;无价值;
I had to change my approach . 我不得不改变的我的途径
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
I had to become more reasonable because I thought people would listen to somebody who was rational , but I remain radically rational , whatever that is. 我不得不变得更加合理些 因为我认为人们会聆听理智的人, 但是我一直保持彻底地有理智,无论那是什么意思。
reasonable:adj.合理的,公道的;通情达理的; rational:n.理性;人类;合理的事物;[数]有理数;adj.合理的;理性的;明智的;理智的; radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式;
(Laughter) （笑声）
CA: Now, a core part of your nation's identity is fishing. 克里斯安德森:现在,渔业是你们国家身份的核心,
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
I think you said pretty much everyone is involved in fishing in some way. 你说过大概你们国家所有人都在某个程度上和渔业有关
AT: Well, we eat fish every day, every day, and I think there is no doubt that our rate of consumption of fish is perhaps the highest in the world. 汤安诺:嗯,我们每天,每天都吃鱼 而且,我认为,毫无疑问,我们国家的鱼的消费率 也许是全球最高的
consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨;
We don't have a lot of livestock , so it's fish that we depend on. 我们没有很多的牲畜 所以我们依靠的是鱼
livestock:n.家畜;牲畜;
CA: So you're dependent on fish, both at the local level and for the revenues that the country receives from the global fishing business for tuna, and yet despite that, a few years ago you took a very radical step. 克里斯安德森:所以,你们在地方上和国家 在全球金枪鱼业的收入上 依赖的都是鱼 除了那个,几年前,你做了很理智的一个决定
dependent on:依赖于;依靠; revenues:n.[会计]收入;税收;[会计]收益;营业收入(revenue的复数形式); despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱;
Can you tell us about that? 你能讲讲那个吗？
I think something happened right here in the Phoenix Islands. 我觉得,就在这里,在菲尼克斯岛屿上,有件事情发生了
AT: Let me give some of the background of what fish means for us. 汤安诺:让我先讲讲鱼对于我们来说意味着什么
We have one of the largest tuna fisheries remaining in the world. 我们有世界上最大的金枪鱼渔场之一
fisheries:n.渔业;渔场(fishery的复数);捕鱼术;渔业公司;
In the Pacific, I think we own something like 60 percent of the remaining tuna fisheries, and it remains relatively healthy for some species , but not all. 在太平洋上,我认为我们拥有大概百分之六十的 现在仍存在的金枪鱼渔场 而且,它对有些物种来说是相对健康的,但不是所有的物种
relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地; species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
And Kiribati is one of the three major resource owners, tuna resource owners. 而基里巴斯是三个主要资源,金枪鱼资源 拥有者中的一个
resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备);
And at the moment, we have been getting something like 80 to 90 percent of our revenue from access fees, license fees. 在那个时候,我们的总收入的百分之八十到 百分之九十都 使用费和执照费
license:v.许可;批准;
CA: Of your national revenue. 克里斯安德森:国家总收入
AT: National revenue, which drives everything that we do in governments, hospitals, schools and what have you. 汤安诺:是的,国家总收入 它主宰着我们在政府,在医院,在学校和其他一切我们有的 地方所做的一切事情
But we decided to close this, and it was a very difficult decision. 但是我们决定关了这个渔场,而且,这是一个非常艰难的决定
I can assure you, politically , locally , it was not easy, but I was convinced that we had to do this in order to ensure that the fishery remains sustainable . 我可以告诉你,无论在政治上还是在地方上,这都是一个很困难的决定 但是,我深信,为了确保渔业保持稳定 我们不得不这么做
assure:vt.保证;担保;使确信;弄清楚; politically:adv.政治上; locally:adv.在本地;局部地;在地方上; convinced:adj.坚信; v.使确信; (convince的过去分词和过去式) ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全; fishery:n.渔业;渔场;水产业; sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
There had been some indications that some of the species, in particular the bigeye, was under serious threat. 有一些征兆,有的物种 尤其是大眼鲹,岌岌可危
indications:n.适应症,显示;标志(indication复数形式); in particular:尤其,特别;
The yellowfin was also heavily fished. 黄鳍也被过度捕捉
yellowfin:n.黄鳍金枪鱼;
Skipjack remains healthy. 飞鱼保持健康
Skipjack:n.飞鱼;跳跃玩具;叩头虫;
And so we had to do something like that, and so that was the reason I did that. 所以,我们不得不做那样的事情,这就是我这么做的原因
Another reason why I did that was because I had been asking the international community that in order to deal with climate change, in order to fight climate change, there has got to be sacrifice , there has got to be commitment. 另一个原因 是因为国际上一直在问我 为了解决全球变暖,为了对抗全球变暖 一定会有牺牲,一定会有承诺
sacrifice:n.牺牲;舍弃;祭献;祭祀;祭品;v.牺牲;献出;作祭献
So in asking the international community to make a sacrifice, 所以,在请国际上做出牺牲之时
I thought we ourselves need to make that sacrifice. 我觉得我们自己也要做出牺牲
And so we made the sacrifice. 所以,我们做了那个牺牲
And forgoing commercial fishing in the Phoenix Islands protected area would mean a loss of revenue. 而且放弃菲尼克斯群岛保护区 的商业性渔业 意味着大量的损失
forgoing:v.放弃,弃绝(想做的事或想得之物);(forgo的现在分词) commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告;
We are still trying to assess what that loss would be because we actually closed it off at the beginning of this year, and so we will see by the end of this year what it means in terms of the lost revenue. 我们仍在努力评估着损失会是什么 因为我们真的在今年年初关了它 所以,今年年末我们会看到 我们的收入到底损失了多少
CA: So there's so many things playing into this. 克里斯安德森:所以有很多的事情涉及到了这个问题
On the one hand , it may prompt healthier fisheries. 在另一方面,它可能促进了更健康的渔场
On the one hand:一方面; prompt:n.提示; v.提示; adj.迅速; v.准时地;
I mean, how much are you able to move the price up that you charge for the remaining areas? 我的意思是,你能把所剩下的部分的价格 提高多少？
charge for:索价,要价;为…收费;
AT: The negotiations have been very difficult, but we have managed to raise the cost of a vessel day. 汤安诺:谈判很艰难 但是我们提高了船只进入渔场捕一天鱼的价格
negotiations:n.谈判(negotiation的复数);磋商; vessel:n.器皿;轮船;脉管;大船;
For any vessel to come in to fish for a day, we have raised the fee from -- it was $6,000 and $8,000, now to $10,000, $12,000 per vessel day. 对于任何要进入渔场捕一天鱼的船只 我们把价格从六千美元提升到了八千美元 现在到达每只船只每天一万美元,一万二美元
And so there's been that significant increase. 所以,价格提高了很多
But at the same time , what's important to note is, whereas in the past these fishing boats might be fishing in a day and maybe catch 10 tons, now they're catching maybe 100 tons because they've become so efficient . 但是于此同时,我所要说的更重要的是 在过去,这些渔船 可能一天内能捕到十吨鱼 他们现在可能能捕到一百吨鱼,因为它们变得很有效率
at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之; efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
And so we've got to respond likewise . 因此,我们这样回应它们
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; likewise:adv.同样地;也;
We've got to be very, very careful because the technology has so improved . 我们要非常非常小心,因为科技进步了很多
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; improved:adj.改良的:v.改进:改善(improve的过去分词和过去式)
There was a time when the Brazilian fleet moved from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 一次,巴西的船队要从大西洋到太平洋来
fleet:n.舰队; v.浅; v.掠过; adj.跑得快的; Atlantic:adj.大西洋的;巨人阿特拉斯的;n.大西洋;
They couldn't. 他们不能
They started experimenting if they could, per se . 他们开始试验可不可以
per se:adv.本身;本质上;
But now they've got ways of doing it, and they've become so efficient. 但是,现在他们有办法了,他们变得很有效率
CA: Can you give us a sense of what it's like in those negotiations? 克里斯安德森:你能大概给我们透露一下这些谈判是什么样吗？
Because you're up against companies that have hundreds of millions of dollars at stake , essentially . 因为你是和公司对着干 他们面临着失去几百万美元的危险
stake:n.桩,棍子;赌注;火刑;奖金;v.资助,支持;系…于桩上;把…押下打赌; essentially:adv.本质上;本来;
How do you hold the line? 你是怎么坚定不移地坚持下去的呢？
Is there any advice you can give to other leaders who are dealing with the same companies about how to get the most for your country, get the most for the fish? 对于那些在和同样的公司对着干的 想让你的国家最大限度地获利 得到最大限度的鱼 的领导,你有什么建议吗？
What advice would you give? 你会给出什么建议呢？
AT: Well, I think we focus too often on licensing in order to get the rate of return, because what we are getting from license fees is about 10 percent of the landed value of the catch on the side of the wharf , not in the retail shops. 汤安诺:我认为,因为我们从执照费上 赚到的钱是所捕的鱼的总价值的百分之十,如果是在码头卖鱼的话 而不是在零售商店里卖鱼 所以我们为了保持利益 在执照费上关注了很多
licensing:v.批准;许可;(license的现在分词) on the side of:拥护…;站在…一边;赞助; wharf:vt.使靠码头;为…建码头;把货卸在码头上;vi.靠码头;n.码头;停泊处; retail:vt.零售;转述;vi.零售;n.零售;adv.以零售方式;adj.零售的;
And we only get about 10 percent. 而且我们只要百分之十
What we have been trying to do over the years is actually to increase our participation in the industry, in the harvesting, in the processing , and eventually , hopefully, the marketing. 我们这些年一直想取得的是 真正的增加我们在工业中 在收获中,在过程中 和,最好是,在市场中的参与
participation:n.参与;分享;参股; processing:v.加工;处理;审核;数据处理;v.列队行进;缓缓前进;(process的现在分词) eventually:adv.最后,终于;
They're not easy to penetrate , but we are working towards that, and yes, the answer would be to enhance . 要想达到并不容易 但是我们在向那个方向努力 而且,是的,答案是去增强
penetrate:v.渗透;进入;穿过;看透; enhance:v.提高;增强;增进;
In order to increase our rate of return, we have to become more involved. 为了增加我们的回报率,我们要参与得更多
And so we've started doing that, and we have to restructure the industry. 所以我们开始这么做 我们也开始调整工业
restructure:vt.调整;重建;更改结构;
We've got to tell these people that the world has changed. 我们可以告诉人们,世界已经改变了
Now we want to produce the fish ourselves. 现在我们想自己产鱼
CA: And meanwhile , for your local fishermen, they are still able to fish, but what is business like for them? 克里斯安德森:与此同时,对于当地的捕鱼人 他们还可以继续捕鱼 但是他们的生意怎么样？
meanwhile:adv.同时,其间;n.其间,其时;
Is it getting harder? Are the waters depleted ? 是不是越来越难？水是不是被用光了？
depleted:v.大量减少;耗尽;使枯竭;(deplete的过去分词和过去式)
Or is that being run on a sustainable basis? 或者没有稳定的收入了？
AT: For the artisanal fishery, we do not participate in the commercial fishing activity except only to supply the domestic market. 汤安诺:对于手工渔业 我们没有在广告宣传上面参与 除了和市场提供有关系的
artisanal:手工艺性的; participate:v.参加;参与; domestic:n.佣人;家佣;家庭纠纷;家庭矛盾;adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的;
The tuna fishery is really entirely for the foreign market, mostly here in the US, Europe, Japan. 金枪鱼业真的遍及国外市场 大多在美国,欧洲,日本
So I am a fisherman, very much, and I used to be able to catch yellowfin. 所谓我是个捕鱼人,纯正的捕鱼人 我之前可以捉黄鳝
Now it's very, very rare to be able to catch yellowfin because they are being lifted out of the water by the hundreds of tons by these purse seiners. 现在,能捉黄鳝的人越来越少 因为它们被大型围网捕鱼的人 大量地从水中捕出
purse:n.钱包;资金;财源;备用款;v.噘嘴;
CA: So here's a couple of beautiful girls from your country. 克里斯安德森:那么,这里有一些来自你的国家的一些美丽的女孩
I mean, as you think about their future, what message would you have for them and what message would you have for the world? 我的意思是,当你在考虑她们的未来的时候 你想和她们说什么？ 同时,你想告诉世界什么？
AT: Well, I've been telling the world that we really have to do something about what is happening to the climate because for us, it's about the future of these children. 汤安诺:嗯,我最近一直在告诉全世界,对于全球变暖 我们一定要做些什么 因为对于我们来说,这是我们的孩子的未来
I have 12 grandchildren, at least. 我至少有十二个孙子孙女
I think I have 12, my wife knows. 我记得我有十二个,我的妻子知道
(Laughter) （笑声）
And I think I have eight children. 我觉得我有八个孩子
It's about their future. 这有关他们的未来
Every day I see my grandchildren, about the same age as these young girls, and I do wonder, and I get angry sometimes, yes I do. 每天,当我看见我的孙子孙女的时候,他们大概和这些女孩子们年龄相仿 我就在想 我有时候也会生气,是的,我会生气
I wonder what is to become of them. 我就想他们未来会成为什么
And so it's about them that we should be telling everybody, that it's not about their own national interest, because climate change, regrettably , unfortunately, is viewed by many countries as a national problem. It's not. 所以,我们要告诉所有人 这事关我们的后代 而不是关于我们自己国家的利益 因为,令人遗憾的是,不幸的是,全球变暖 被很多国家当成各个国家的问题,而这不是
regrettably:adv.遗憾地;抱歉地;可悲地;
And this is the argument we got into recently with our partners, the Australians and New Zealanders, because they said, "We can't cut any more." 我们最近和我们的伙伴,澳大利亚人 和新西兰人,有一次争论 因为他们说,“我们再也减不了了”
recently:adv.最近;新近;
This is what one of the leaders, the Australian leader, said, that we've done our part, we are cutting back. 有一个澳大利亚的代表说 我们已经尽力了,我们已经减了
I said, What about the rest? Why don't you keep it? 我说,那剩下的呢？你为什么不留着呢？
If you could keep the rest of your emissions within your boundaries , within your borders, we'd have no question. 如果你可以吧剩下的温室气体 留在你们国家的国境内 我们就什么都不问
boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数)
You can go ahead as much as you like. 你愿意生产多少温室气体就生产多少
But unfortunately, you're sending it our way, and it's affecting the future of our children. 但是不幸的是,你把这些温室气体送到我们这里来了 而且,它在影响我们后代的未来
And so surely I think that is the heart of the problem of climate change today. 我很确信这就是全球变暖问题的关键
We will be meeting in Paris at the end of this year, but until we can think of this as a global phenomenon, because we create it, individually , as nations, but it affects everybody else, and yet, we refuse to do anything about it, and we deal with it as a national problem, which it is not -- it is a global issue, and it's got to be dealt with collectively. 我们在今年年末都会在巴黎见面 但是,我们要把全球变暖当成一个全球性的现象 而这个现象是由我们,以个人,或国家的形式造成的 但是,它影响着其他所有人 然而,我们什么措施都没有采取 而我们把它当成一个国家的问题 而它不是,它是一个全球性的问题 它需要被解决
individually:adv.个别地,单独地;
CA: People are incredibly bad at responding to graphs and numbers, and we shut our minds to it. 克里斯安德森:人们在回应图表和数字方面很差 我们拒绝思考
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; responding:v.响应;作出反应;反应灵敏;(respond的现在分词)
Somehow , to people, we're slightly better at responding to that sometimes. 不知道为什么,有时候,在人与人之间的对话中,我们沟通的更好
Somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地; slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
And it seems like it's very possible that your nation, despite, actually because of the intense problems you face, you may yet be the warning light to the world that shines most visibly , most powerfully . 对于你的国家而言,看起来 因为你们要面对很困哪的问题 你们也许可以成为全世界最耀眼,最强大的 那盏警告灯
intense:adj.强烈的;紧张的;非常的;热情的; visibly:adv.明显地;显然;看得见地; powerfully:adv.强大地;强烈地;非常;
I just want to thank you, I'm sure, on behalf of all of us, for your extraordinary leadership and for being here. 我只想代表我们所有人来谢谢你 为你不同寻常的领导力和你来这里做客
on behalf of:代表;为了; extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
Mr. President, thank you so much. 总统先生,非常感谢你
AT: Thank you. 汤安诺:谢谢你。
(Applause) （鼓掌）