|
|
AnneMilgram_2013S-_为什么统计是打击犯罪的关键_
|
| In 2007, I became the attorney general of the state of New Jersey. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
attorney general:n.司法部长;总检察长;首席检察官;
|
| Before that, I'd been a criminal prosecutor , first in the Manhattan district attorney's office, and then at the United States Department of Justice . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
prosecutor:n.检察官;公诉人;[法]起诉人;实行者; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) Justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
|
| But when I became the attorney general, two things happened that changed the way I see criminal justice. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| The first is that I asked what I thought were really basic questions. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I wanted to understand who we were arresting, who we were charging, and who we were putting in our nation's jails and prisons. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
jails:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;vt.监禁;下狱;
|
| I also wanted to understand if we were making decisions in a way that made us safer. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And I couldn't get this information out. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It turned out that most big criminal justice agencies like my own didn't track the things that matter. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
agencies:n.代理;代理处(agency的复数); track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;
|
| So after about a month of being incredibly frustrated , |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; frustrated:adj.失意的,挫败的;泄气的;v.挫败;阻挠;(frustrate的过去式和过去分词)
|
| I walked down into a conference room that was filled with detectives and stacks and stacks of case files, and the detectives were sitting there with yellow legal pads taking notes. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会) detectives:n.侦探;警探;私人侦探;(detective的复数) stacks:n.堆叠;[图情]书库(stack的复数);进程堆栈应用; legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; pads:n.软垫,护垫; v.填充,覆盖,保护; (pad的第三人称单数和复数)
|
| They were trying to get the information |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I was looking for by going through case by case for the past five years. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And as you can imagine, when we finally got the results, they weren't good. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
|
| It turned out that we were doing a lot of low-level drug cases on the streets just around the corner from our office in Trenton . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
low-level:adj.低水平的;低级别的; Trenton:n.特伦顿(美国新泽西州首府);
|
| The second thing that happened is that I spent the day in the Camden, New Jersey police department . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
police department:n.(美国城市中的)警察局;
|
| Now, at that time, Camden, New Jersey, was the most dangerous city in America. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I ran the Camden Police Department because of that. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I spent the day in the police department, and I was taken into a room with senior police officials, all of whom were working hard and trying very hard to reduce crime in Camden. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
senior:adj.大;级别(或地位)高的;成人的;高级水平的;n.上级;上司;较…年长的人;
|
| And what I saw in that room, as we talked about how to reduce crime, were a series of officers with a lot of little yellow sticky notes. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; sticky:adj.粘的;粘性的;
|
| And they would take a yellow sticky and they would write something on it and they would put it up on a board. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And one of them said, "We had a robbery two weeks ago. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
robbery:n.盗窃;抢劫;掠夺;
|
| We have no suspects ." |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
suspects:v.怀疑;不信任;(suspect的第三人称单数)
|
| And another said, "We had a shooting in this neighborhood last week. We have no suspects." |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的;
|
| We weren't using data-driven policing. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
data-driven:adj.依照数据处理的;
|
| We were essentially trying to fight crime with yellow Post-it notes. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
essentially:adv.本质上;本来; Post-it:报事贴(3M公司注册商标);
|
| Now, both of these things made me realize fundamentally that we were failing. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地
|
| We didn't even know who was in our criminal justice system, we didn't have any data about the things that mattered, and we didn't share data or use analytics or tools to help us make better decisions and to reduce crime. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
analytics:n.[化学][数]分析学;解析学;
|
| And for the first time, I started to think about how we made decisions. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| When I was an assistant D.A., and when I was a federal prosecutor, |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地;
|
| I looked at the cases in front of me, and I generally made decisions based on my instinct and my experience. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
generally:adv.通常;普遍地,一般地; instinct:n.本能;天性;直觉;adj.充满的;
|
| When I became attorney general, |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I could look at the system as a whole , and what surprised me is that I found that that was exactly how we were doing it across the entire system -- in police departments, in prosecutors 's offices, in courts and in jails. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
as a whole:总的来说; prosecutors:n.检查官;告发者(prosecutor的复数);
|
| And what I learned very quickly is that we weren't doing a good job. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| So I wanted to do things differently. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I wanted to introduce data and analytics and rigorous statistical analysis into our work. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
rigorous:adj.严格的,严厉的;严密的;严酷的; statistical:adj.统计的;统计学的; analysis:n.分析;分解;验定;
|
| In short, I wanted to moneyball criminal justice. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Now, moneyball, as many of you know, is what the Oakland A's did, where they used smart data and statistics to figure out how to pick players that would help them win games, |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
Oakland:n.奥克兰(美国加州西部城市); statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数)
|
| and they went from a system that was based on baseball scouts who used to go out and watch players and use their instinct and experience, the scouts' instincts and experience, to pick players, from one to use smart data and rigorous statistical analysis to figure out how to pick players that would help them win games. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
scouts:n.童子军,童军(scout的复数);侦察兵;v.侦察;搜索(scout的三单形式); instincts:n.本能;天性;直觉;(instinct的复数)
|
| It worked for the Oakland A's, and it worked in the state of New Jersey. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| We took Camden off the top of the list as the most dangerous city in America. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| We reduced murders there by 41 percent, which actually means 37 lives were saved. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And we reduced all crime in the city by 26 percent. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| We also changed the way we did criminal prosecutions . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
prosecutions:n.(被)起诉,检举;诉讼;原告,控方;实施;从事;进行;(prosecution的复数)
|
| So we went from doing low-level drug crimes that were outside our building to doing cases of statewide importance, on things like reducing violence with the most violent offenders , prosecuting street gangs , gun and drug trafficking, and political corruption . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
statewide:adj.遍及全州的;遍及全州地; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲; violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; offenders:n.罪犯(offender的复数);冒犯者; prosecuting:v.起诉;控告;检举;担任控方律师;继续从事(或参与);(prosecute的现在分词) gangs:n.帮派(gang的复数);v.成帮结伙;合伙行动(gang的三单形式); corruption:n.贪污,腐败;堕落;
|
| And all of this matters greatly , because public safety to me is the most important function of government. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
greatly:adv.很,大大地;非常;
|
| If we're not safe, we can't be educated, we can't be healthy, we can't do any of the other things we want to do in our lives. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And we live in a country today where we face serious criminal justice problems. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| We have 12 million arrests every single year. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| The vast majority of those arrests are for low-level crimes, like misdemeanors , 70 to 80 percent. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: misdemeanors:n.恶劣的品行;坏事;[法]轻罪;(misdemeanor的复数)
|
| Less than five percent of all arrests are for violent crime. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Yet we spend 75 billion, that's b for billion, dollars a year on state and local corrections costs. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Right now, today, we have 2.3 million people in our jails and prisons. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And we face unbelievable public safety challenges because we have a situation in which two thirds of the people in our jails are there waiting for trial. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
unbelievable:adj.(非正式)难以置信的;不可信的
|
| They haven't yet been convicted of a crime. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
convicted:v.定罪;宣判…有罪;(convict的过去式和过去分词)
|
| They're just waiting for their day in court. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And 67 percent of people come back. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Our recidivism rate is amongst the highest in the world. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
recidivism:n.再犯,累犯; amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among);
|
| Almost seven in 10 people who are released from prison will be rearrested in a constant cycle of crime and incarceration . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式) rearrested:vt.重新扣留;重新逮捕;n.重新扣留;重新拘捕; incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭;
|
| So when I started my job at the Arnold Foundation , |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
Foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立;
|
| I came back to looking at a lot of these questions, and I came back to thinking about how we had used data and analytics to transform the way we did criminal justice in New Jersey. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
|
| And when I look at the criminal justice system in the United States today, |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I feel the exact same way that I did about the state of New Jersey when I started there, which is that we absolutely have to do better, and I know that we can do better. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
|
| So I decided to focus on using data and analytics to help make the most critical decision in public safety, and that decision is the determination of whether, when someone has been arrested, whether they pose a risk to public safety and should be detained , or whether they don't pose a risk to public safety and should be released. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; determination:n.测定;确定;决心;计算; pose:v.引起; n.装腔作势; (为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势; detained:v.拘留;扣押;留住;阻留;(detain的过去分词和过去式)
|
| Everything that happens in criminal cases comes out of this one decision. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It impacts everything. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用;
|
| It impacts sentencing. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It impacts whether someone gets drug treatment . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;
|
| It impacts crime and violence. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And when I talk to judges around the United States, which I do all the time now, they all say the same thing, which is that we put dangerous people in jail, and we let non-dangerous, nonviolent people out. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
nonviolent:adj.非暴力的;不使用暴力的;
|
| They mean it and they believe it. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| But when you start to look at the data, which, by the way , the judges don't have, when we start to look at the data, what we find time and time again , is that this isn't the case. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
by the way:顺便说一下; time and time again:一次次;一次又一次;多次;不断地;
|
| We find low-risk offenders, which makes up 50 percent of our entire criminal justice population, we find that they're in jail. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
low-risk:adj.低危的,低风险的;
|
| Take Leslie Chew, who was a Texas man who stole four blankets on a cold winter night. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| He was arrested, and he was kept in jail on 3,500 dollars bail , an amount that he could not afford to pay. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
bail:n.保释金;保释;v.允许保释(某人);离开;与…搭讪; afford:v.给予,提供;买得起;
|
| And he stayed in jail for eight months until his case came up for trial, at a cost to taxpayers of more than 9,000 dollars. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
taxpayers:n.纳税人(taxpayer的复数);
|
| And at the other end of the spectrum , we're doing an equally terrible job. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
|
| The people who we find are the highest-risk offenders, the people who we think have the highest likelihood of committing a new crime if they're released, we see nationally that 50 percent of those people are being released. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
likelihood:n.可能性,可能; committing:v.做出;犯罪或错等;自杀;承诺,保证;(commit的现在分词) nationally:adv.全国性地;以国民立场地;举国一致地;
|
| The reason for this is the way we make decisions. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Judges have the best intentions when they make these decisions about risk, but they're making them subjectively . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
intentions:n.目的,意向,意图;打算;(intention的复数) subjectively:adv.主观地;臆想地;内省地;
|
| They're like the baseball scouts 20 years ago who were using their instinct and their experience to try to decide what risk someone poses . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
poses:姿势;
|
| They're being subjective, and we know what happens with subjective decision making, which is that we are often wrong. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| What we need in this space are strong data and analytics. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| What I decided to look for was a strong data and analytic risk assessment tool, something that would let judges actually understand with a scientific and objective way what the risk was that was posed by someone in front of them. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
assessment:n.评定;估价; scientific:adj.科学的,系统的; objective:n.目标; adj.客观的; posed:v.造成;引起;产生;提问;质询;摆好姿势;(pose的过去分词和过去式)
|
| I looked all over the country, and I found that between five and 10 percent of all U.S. jurisdictions actually use any type of risk assessment tool, and when I looked at these tools, |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
jurisdictions:n.司法管辖区;行政辖区(jurisdiction的复数);
|
| I quickly realized why. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| They were unbelievably expensive to administer , they were time-consuming , they were limited to the local jurisdiction in which they'd been created. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
unbelievably:adv.难以置信地;不可信地; administer:v.管理;施行;执行;给予;提供; time-consuming:adj.耗时的;旷日持久的; limited:adj.有限的; n.高级快车; v.限制; (limit的过去分词和过去式)
|
| So basically , they couldn't be scaled or transferred to other places. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
basically:adv.主要地,基本上; scaled:adj.有鳞的; v.刮去鳞片; transferred:v.(使)转移,搬迁;(使)调动;(transfer的过去分词和过去式)
|
| So I went out and built a phenomenal team of data scientists and researchers and statisticians to build a universal risk assessment tool, so that every single judge in the United States of America can have an objective, scientific measure of risk. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
phenomenal:adj.现象的;显著的;异常的;能知觉的;惊人的,非凡的; statisticians:n.统计学家,统计员; universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的; United States of America:un.美利坚合众国;
|
| In the tool that we've built, what we did was we collected 1.5 million cases from all around the United States, from cities, from counties , from every single state in the country, the federal districts. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
counties:n.郡,县;(county的复数)
|
| And with those 1.5 million cases, which is the largest data set on pretrial in the United States today, we were able to basically find that there were 900-plus risk factors that we could look at to try to figure out what mattered most. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
pretrial:n.事先审理;adj.审判前的; factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商;
|
| And we found that there were nine specific things that mattered all across the country and that were the most highly predictive of risk. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; predictive:adj.预言性的;成为前兆的;
|
| And so we built a universal risk assessment tool. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And it looks like this. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| As you'll see, we put some information in, but most of it is incredibly simple, it's easy to use, it focuses on things like the defendant's prior convictions , whether they've been sentenced to incarceration, whether they've engaged in violence before, whether they've even failed to come back to court. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先; convictions:n.判罪;定罪;坚定的看法(或信念);坚信;肯定;(conviction的复数) engaged in:从事于;忙于;
|
| And with this tool, we can predict three things. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| First, whether or not someone will commit a new crime if they're released. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
whether or not:是否…;
|
| Second, for the first time, and I think this is incredibly important, we can predict whether someone will commit an act of violence if they're released. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And that's the single most important thing that judges say when you talk to them. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And third, we can predict whether someone will come back to court. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And every single judge in the United States of America can use it, because it's been created on a universal data set. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| What judges see if they run the risk assessment tool is this -- it's a dashboard . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
dashboard:n.汽车等的仪表板;马车等前部的挡泥板;
|
| At the top, you see the New Criminal Activity Score, six of course being the highest, and then in the middle you see, " Elevated risk of violence." |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
Elevated:adj.提高的;高尚的;欢欣的;v.提高;振奋;提拔;(elevate的过去分词和过去式)
|
| What that says is that this person is someone who has an elevated risk of violence that the judge should look twice at. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| And then, towards the bottom, you see the Failure to Appear Score, which again is the likelihood that someone will come back to court. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Now I want to say something really important. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It's not that I think we should be eliminating the judge's instinct and experience from this process . |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
eliminating:v.排除;清除;消除;淘汰;(eliminate的现在分词) process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
|
| I don't. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I actually believe the problem that we see and the reason that we have these incredible system errors, where we're incarcerating low-level, nonviolent people and we're releasing high-risk , dangerous people, is that we don't have an objective measure of risk. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; incarcerating:vt.监禁;下狱;禁闭;adj.监禁的;禁闭的; releasing:n.释放;松释动作;脱扣释放;v.释放;排放;(release的现在分词); high-risk:adj.高危险度的;
|
| But what I believe should happen is that we should take that data-driven risk assessment and combine that with the judge's instinct and experience to lead us to better decision making. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| The tool went statewide in Kentucky on July 1, and we're about to go up in a number of other U.S. jurisdictions. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
Kentucky:n.肯塔基州;
|
| Our goal, quite simply, is that every single judge in the United States will use a data-driven risk tool within the next five years. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| We're now working on risk tools for prosecutors and for police officers as well, to try to take a system that runs today in America the same way it did 50 years ago, based on instinct and experience, and make it into one that runs on data and analytics. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Now, the great news about all this, and we have a ton of work left to do, and we have a lot of culture to change, but the great news about all of it is that we know it works. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It's why Google is Google, and it's why all these baseball teams use moneyball to win games. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
|
Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎;
|
| The great news for us as well is that it's the way that we can transform the American criminal justice system. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| It's how we can make our streets safer, we can reduce our prison costs, and we can make our system much fairer and more just. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ 暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Some people call it data science. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| I call it moneyballing criminal justice. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| Thank you. |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |
| (Applause) |
暂时没有中文字幕！ |