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AndrewYoun_2016-_我们能打赢贫穷的三个理由_
I've been living in rural East Africa for about 10 years, and I want to share a field perspective with you on global poverty . 我在东非乡下住了大约十年, 我想跟大家从农作的实务观点来谈全球贫穷问题。
rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣;
I believe that the greatest failure of the human race is the fact that we've left more than one billion of our members behind. 我相信人类最大的失败, 就是把超过十亿的同类抛诸在后这个事实。
human race:n.人类;
Hungry, extreme poverty: these often seem like gigantic , insurmountable problems, too big to solve. 饥饿、赤贫: 这些常常被视为巨大、难以克服的问题, 大到无法可解。
extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物; gigantic:adj.巨大的,庞大的; insurmountable:adj.不能克服的;不能超越的;难以对付的;
But as a field practitioner , 但是身为农作实务工作者,
practitioner:n.开业者,从业者,执业医生;
I believe these are actually very solvable problems if we just take the right strategies . 我相信这些都是可以实际解决的问题, 只要我们用对策略。
solvable:adj.可以解决的;可以解的;可溶的; strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数)
Archimedes was an ancient Greek thinker, and he taught us that if we lean on the right levers , we can move the world. 阿基米德是古希腊思想家, 他教导我们,要是用对槓杆, 我们就能举起地球。
Archimedes:n.阿基米德(古希腊数学家,物理学家,发明家,学者); lean:v.前俯(或后仰):倾斜:adj.肉少的:难以赚钱的:贫乏的:n.瘦肉: levers:n.杠杆;手段(lever的复数);v.用杠杆撬动(lever的第三人称单数);
In the fight against extreme poverty, I believe there are three powerful levers that we can lean on. 要对抗赤贫,我相信我们可以用 三个有力的槓杆。
This talk is all about those levers, and why they make poverty a winnable fight in our lifetimes. 这场演讲就是要谈这三个槓杆,以及为什么这些方法 能让我们在有生之年打赢贫穷之战。
winnable:adj.能赢得的;可成功的;
What is extreme poverty? 什么是赤贫？
When I first moved to rural East Africa, 我第一次搬到东非乡下时,
I stayed overnight with a farm family. 我在某户农家度过一晚。
overnight:adj.夜间的; v.在夜间; n.(美)前一天的晚上;
They were wonderful people. 他们都是很好的人。
They invited me into their home. We sang songs together and ate a simple dinner. 他们邀我到家里。我们一起唱了几首歌, 吃了一顿简便的晚餐。
They gave me a blanket to sleep on the floor. 他们给了我一条毯子,让我睡在地上。
In the morning, however, there was nothing to eat. 但是到了早上,没有东西可吃。
And then at lunchtime, I watched with an increasingly sick feeling as the eldest girl in the family cooked porridge as a substitute for lunch. 然后到了午餐时间,我目睹了一场愈看愈难过的景象, 这户人家的大女儿煮了一锅粥充当午餐。
increasingly:adv.越来越多地;渐增地; eldest:adj.最年长的;年事最高的(old的最高级);n.最年长者; porridge:n.麦片粥;面糊 substitute:v.取代;(以…)代替;n.代用品;代替物;代替者;替补(运动员);
For that meal, every child drank one cup to survive. 每个孩子都喝一碗粥熬过那天。
And I cannot tell you how ashamed I felt when they handed one of those cups to me, and I knew I had to accept their hospitality . 他们分我一碗时,我真的无法用言语形容 我那时有多羞愧, 而且我知道我必须接受他们的款待。
ashamed:adj.惭愧;尴尬;因惭愧而不情愿; hospitality:n.好客;殷勤;
Children need food not only to survive but also to grow physically and mentally . 孩童需要食物不仅是为了生存,还为了能让身心都能成长。
mentally:adv.精神上,智力上;心理上;
Every day they fail to eat, they lose a little bit of their future. 不够吃的每一天,都在蚕食他们的未来。
Amongst the extreme poor, one in three children are permanently stunted from a lifetime of not eating enough. 在赤贫人口中,三分之一的孩子 因为一辈子都吃得太少而永久发育不良。
Amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); permanently:adv.永久地,长期不变地; stunted:adj.发育不良的; v.阻碍…发展(stunt的过去式及过去分词形式);
When that's combined with poor access to health care , one in 10 extremely poor children die before they reach age five. 再加上没有医疗保健, 十分之一的赤贫孩童会在五岁前死亡。
health care:n.卫生保健; extremely:adv.非常,极其;极端地;
And only one quarter of children complete high school because they lack school fees. 只有四分之一的孩童能念完中学, 因为他们没钱缴学费。
Hunger and extreme poverty curb human potential in every possible way. 饥饿与赤贫会百般抑制人类的潜能。
curb:vt.遏制;控制,限定,约束;n.起控制(或限制)作用的事物 potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
We see ourselves as a thinking, feeling and moral human race, but until we solve these problems for all of our members, we fail that standard , because every person on this planet matters. 我们视自己为会思考、会感觉、有道德的人类, 但是在我们为自己的同类解决这些问题之前, 我们愧对于那个标准, 因为世上的每一个人都很重要。
moral:n.寓意;品行;教益;adj.道德的;道义上的;道德上的;品行端正的; standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的;
This child matters. 这个孩子很重要。
These children matter. 这些孩童很重要。
This girl matters. 这个女孩很重要。
You know, we see things like this, and we're upset by them, but they seem like such big problems. 你知道吗,我们看到像这样的事, 我们会很生气, 但是问题好像太大了。
upset:adj.沮丧; v.打乱; n.苦恼; (意外的)混乱;
We don't know how to take effective action. 我们不知道该如何采取有效的行动。
effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
But remember our friend Archimedes. 但是请记得我们的朋友阿基米德。
Global poverty has powerful levers. 解决全球贫穷的有力槓杆,
It's a problem like any other. 就像其他的问题一样。
I live and work in the field, and as a practitioner, 我在田间生活、工作,身为实务工作者,
I believe these are very solvable problems. 我相信这些是有办法解决的问题。
So for the next 10 minutes, let's not be sad about the state of the world. 所以接下来十分钟, 我们不要为这世界的状态难过。
Let's engage our brains. 让我们动动大脑。
engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定;
Let's engage our collective passion for problem-solving and figure out what those levers are. 让我们集思广益,用解决问题的热情, 一同找出可用的槓杆。
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; passion:n.激情;热情;酷爱;盛怒; problem-solving:adj.问题解决的;n.解决问题;找出问题的答案;
Lever number one: most of the world's poor are farmers. 槓杆一号:这世界最穷的人绝大多数是农夫。
Think about how extraordinary this is. 想想这有多不寻常。
extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
If this picture represents the world's poor, then more than half engage in farming as a major source of income. 如果这张照片代表世界的穷人, 那么有一半以上是以农耕当他们的主要收入。
represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数) source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
This gets me really excited. 这让我非常兴奋。
All of these people, one profession . 这么多人,一种职業。
profession:n.行业,职业;业内人士;同行;
Think how powerful this is. 想想这力量有多大。
When farmers become more productive , then more than half the world's poor earn more money and climb out of poverty. 只要农夫能更有生产力,那么全世界半数以上的穷人 就能赚更多钱,爬出贫穷的深渊。
productive:adj.能生产的;生产的,生产性的;多产的;富有成效的;
And it gets better. 更好的还在后面。
The product of farming is, of course, food. 农耕的产物当然是食物。
So when farmers become more productive, they earn more food, and they don't just help themselves, but they help to feed healthy communities and thriving economies . 农夫的生产力更好,代表他们会赚更多的食物, 这样不只是自助, 还能幫忙养活健康的社区,让经济繁榮。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) thriving:v.兴旺发达;繁荣;旺盛;茁壮成长;(thrive的现在分词) economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数)
And when farmers become more productive, they reduce environmental pressure. 农夫的生产力更好,就能减少对环境的压力。
We only have two ways we can feed the world: we can either make our existing farmland a lot more productive, or we can clear cut forest and savannah to make more farmland, which would be environmentally disastrous . 我们只有两种方法可以喂饱世界: 要不是让现有的农地大幅增产, 就是继续皆伐森林及疏林莽原转变成更多农地, 对环境产生冲击灾难。
farmland:n.农田; savannah:n.大草原,热带草原(等于savanna); environmentally:adv.有关环境方面; disastrous:adj.灾难性的;损失惨重的;悲伤的;
Farmers are basically a really important leverage point. 农夫基本上是非常重要的槓杆作用点。
basically:adv.主要地,基本上; leverage:n.影响力;杠杆作用;杠杆效力;v.举债经营;借贷收购;
When farmers become more productive, they earn more income, they climb out of poverty, they feed their communities and they reduce environmental land pressure. 农夫的生产力更高, 就能赚更多收入,爬出贫穷深渊, 喂饱他们的社区,减少对土地环境的压力。
Farmers stand at the center of the world. 农夫站在世界的中心。
And not a farmer like this one, but rather this lady. 农夫都不像这样, 反而比较像这位女士。
Most of the farmers I know are actually women. 大部分我认识的农夫都是妇女。
Look at the strength and the will radiating from this woman. 看看这位女士散发出的力量及意志。
radiating:adj. v.发射出(光,热等)(radiate的现在分词);
She is physically strong, mentally tough, and she will do whatever it takes to earn a better life for her children. 她的身体强壮,心志刚强, 她会不惜一切给孩子更好的生活。
If we're going to put the future of humanity in one person's hands, then I'm really glad it's her. 如果我们要将人类的未来交在某人的手中, 那我真的很高兴是交给她。
humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
(Applause) （掌声）
There's just one problem: many smallholder farmers lack access to basic tools and knowledge. 只有一个问题: 许多小农得不到基本的工具及知识。
smallholder:n.小农;小佃农;
Currently , they take a little bit of saved food grain from the prior year, they plant it in the ground and they till it with a manual hand hoe . 目前,他们把一点去年留下来的食物种子 种在土里,而且用锄头犁地。
Currently:adv.当前;一般地; grain:n.粮食; v.把…作成细粒; prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先; manual:n.说明书;指南;使用手册;adj.用手的;手工的;体力的;手动的; hoe:vt.锄,用锄头;vi.用锄耕地;n.锄头;
These are tools and techniques that date to the Bronze Age , and it's why many farmers are still very poor. 这是青铜时代留下来的农作法, 这也是为什么许多农夫仍然非常贫穷。
techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数) Bronze Age:n.青铜时代;青铜器时代;
But good news, again. 但是再说一次,这是好消息。
Lever number two: humanity actually solved the problem of agricultural poverty a century ago. 槓杆二号: 人类其实在一个世纪前就解决了务农贫困的问题。
agricultural:adj.农业的;农艺的;
Let me walk you through the three most basic factors in farming. 让我带大家看一下三个最基本的农事因子。
factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商;
First, hybrid seed is created when you cross two seeds together. 第一,你将两种种子杂交就会产生杂交种子。
hybrid:n.杂种,混血儿;混合物;adj.混合的;杂种的;
If you naturally pollinate a high-yielding variety together with a drought-resistant variety, you get a hybrid that inherits positive traits from both of its parents. 如果你让高产量的品种 与抗旱品种自然授粉, 你就会得到从双方遗传到好性状的杂交种。
naturally:adv.自然地;自然而然地;轻而易举;天生地;大方地; pollinate:vt.对...授粉; high-yielding:adj.高产的; variety:n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化,多样化; drought-resistant:adj.抗旱的; inherits:v.继承;经遗传获得;接替(责任等);继任;(inherit的第三人称单数) positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
Next, conventional fertilizer , if used responsibly , is environmentally sustainable . 第二,负责地使用惯行肥料, 就是对环境的永续经营。
conventional:adj.符合习俗的,传统的;常见的;惯例的; fertilizer:n.[肥料]肥料;受精媒介物;促进发展者; responsibly:adv.负责地,可信赖地; sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
If you micro-dose just a pinch of fertilizer to a plant that's taller than I am, you unlock enormous yield gain. 只要施与微剂量的肥料, 比我还高的植物 也能有庞大的产量。
pinch:v.拧;捏;掐;捏住;夹紧;偷摸;逮捕;n.捏;掐;拧;一撮; enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的;
These are known as farm inputs . 这些被称为「农场投入（资源）」。
inputs:n.[自][电子]输入;投入(input的复数);
Farm inputs need to be combined with good practice. 农场投入资源要与好的农作法结合。
When you space your seeds and plant with massive amounts of compost , farmers multiply their harvests. 如果你撒种时留一定的间隔,并且施与大量堆肥, 农夫就能倍增收获。
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; compost:n.堆肥;混合物;vt.堆肥;施堆肥; multiply:vt.乘; vi.乘; v.多样地; adj.多层的;
These proven tools and practices have more than tripled agricultural productivity in every major region of the world, moving mass numbers of people out of poverty. 这些证实有效的工具及方法 已使世界各主要地区农業产量增加三倍, 使众多百姓脱离贫穷。
tripled:adj.三倍的;三方的;n.三倍数;三个一组;vi.增至三倍;vt.使成三倍; productivity:n.生产力;生产率;生产能力; region:n.地区;范围;部位;
We just haven't finished delivering these things to everybody just yet, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. 我们只是还没把这些方法提供给所有人而已, 特别是下撒哈拉非洲的居民。
particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; Sub-Saharan:撒哈拉以南地区;
So overall , this is amazing news. 所以总体而言,这是非常好的消息。
overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的;
Humanity actually solved agricultural poverty a century ago, in theory. 理论上,人类早在一世纪前就解决了务农贫困的问题,
We just haven't delivered these things to everybody just yet. 我们只是还没把这些方法提供给所有人而已。
In this century, the reason that people remain poor is because maybe they live in remote places. 这个世纪还有人贫穷的原因, 是因为他们可能住在偏远地区,
remote:adj.偏远的;偏僻的;遥远的;久远的;
They lack access to these things. 他们拿不到这些东西。
Therefore, ending poverty is simply a matter of delivering proven goods and services to people. 因此,终结贫穷只要 把这些可靠的货品及服务送到他们手上就好。
We don't need more genius types right now. 我们现在不需要更多天才。
genius:n.天才;天资;才能,本领;
The humble delivery guy is going to end global poverty in our lifetime. 谦卑的送货员就能在我们有生之年终结全球贫穷。
humble:adj.谦逊的; vt.使谦恭; delivery:n.[贸易]交付;分娩;递送;
So these are the three levers, and the most powerful lever is simply delivery. 所以这就是我说的三个槓杆, 而最有力的槓杆就是递送。
Wherever the world's companies, governments and nonprofits set up delivery networks for life-improving goods, we eliminate poverty. 无论公司、政府或非营利团体 在哪里建立递送网络,分发改善生活的货品, 我们都能消灭贫穷。
nonprofits:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; eliminate:v.消除;排除;
OK, so that sounds really nice in theory, but what about in practice ? 好,所以这在理论上听起来很不错, 但是要如何实施？
in practice:在实践中;实际上,事实上;
What do these delivery networks look like? 递送网络长什么样子？
I want to share the concrete example that I know best, my organization , One Acre Fund . 我想跟大家分享我最了解的实例, 就是我的组织,One Acre Fund（一亩金）。
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; Fund:n.基金;资金;存款;v.投资;资助;
We only serve the farmer, and our job is to provide her with the tools that she needs to succeed. 我们只为农夫服务, 我们的工作是提供她所需的工具及种子。
We start off by delivering farm inputs to really rural places. 我们从递送农场投入资源到极偏僻的农村开始。
Now, this may appear initially very challenging, but it's pretty possible. Let me show you. 乍看这很具挑战性, 但这真的可行,我来说明一下。
initially:adv.最初,首先;开头;
We buy farm inputs with the combined power of our farmer network, and store it in 20 warehouses like this. 我们向网络内的农夫集资,买进农场投入资源 贮存在 20 间像这样的仓庫里。
warehouses:n.仓库,货栈;货仓;(warehouse的名词复数)
Then, during input delivery, we rent hundreds of 10-ton trucks and send them out to where farmers are waiting in the field. 然后,在递送投入资源的期间,我们会租几百辆 10 吨大货车, 派去农夫等待的田间。
They then get their individual orders and walk it home to their farms. 然后他们会取自己所订的货物,带回家拿到田里。
individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的;
It's kind of like Amazon for rural farmers. 这有点像给农民用的亚马逊。
Amazon:亚马逊;古希腊女战士;
Importantly, realistic delivery also includes finance , a way to pay. 很重要的是,实际可行的递送服务也包括财务,即付款的方式。
realistic:adj.现实的;现实主义的;逼真的;实在论的; finance:n.财政,财政学;金融;v.负担经费,供给…经费;
Farmers pay us little by little over time, covering most of our expenses . 农夫可以分期付款,尽量打平我们绝大部分的支出。
little by little:渐渐;逐渐地; expenses:n.费用;价钱;开销;开支;花费;(expense的复数)
And then we surround all that with training. 然后我们提供训练。
Our rural field officers deliver practical , hands-on training to farmers in the field every two weeks. 我们的农村外勤人员,提供实际的操作训练 给在田间工作的农夫, 每两星期一次。
practical:adj.实际的;真实的;客观存在的;n.实习课;实践课; hands-on:adj.亲身实践的,亲自动手的;
Wherever we deliver our services, farmers use these tools to climb out of poverty. 我们递送服务可达的地方,农夫都用这些工具 脱离贫穷。
This is a farmer in our program, Consolata. 这位是参与我们计画的农民,康莎拉塔。
Look at the pride on her face. 看看她得意的样子！
She has achieved a modest prosperity that I believe is the human right of every hardworking person on the planet. 她现在家境小康,已达到我认为
modest:adj.些许的;谦虚的; prosperity:n.繁荣,成功; human right:n.人权;
Today, I'm proud to say that we're serving about 400,000 farmers like Consolata. 今天,我可以很自豪地说我们服务了约四十万位像她这样的农民。
(Applause) （掌声）
The key to doing this is scalable delivery. 做这件事的重点是可扩充式递送。
scalable:adj.可攀登的;可去鳞的;可称量的;
In any given area, we hire a rural field officer who delivers our services to 200 farmers, on average, with more than 1,000 people living in those families. 我们在每一个服务地区都雇用农村外勤人员, 他们将我们的服务提供给平均二百位农夫, 超过一千人生活在这些家庭里。
field officer:n.地区工作人员;陆军校官;
Today, we have 2,000 of these rural field officers growing very quickly. 今天,我们有二千名农村外勤人员, 成长非常快速。
This is our delivery army, and we're just one organization. 这就是我们的递送大军, 而我们只是一个组织。
There are many companies, governments and nonprofits that have delivery armies just like this. 还有很多公司、政府及非营利组织 有像这样的递送大军。
And I believe we stand at a moment in time where collectively , we are capable of delivering farm services to all farmers. 我相信我们正站在一个重要时刻, 我们能一起递送农村服务给所有的农夫。
collectively:adv.共同地,全体地; capable:adj.能干的,能胜任的;有才华的;
Let me show you how possible this is. 让我跟大家说明这要如何达成。
This is a map of Sub-Saharan Africa, with a map of the United States for scale . 这是下撒哈拉非洲地图, 旁边是美国地图做比例对照。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
I chose Sub-Saharan Africa because this is a huge delivery territory . 我选择下撒哈拉非洲因为这是非常广大的递送区。
territory:n.领土,领域;范围;地域;版图;
It's very challenging. 非常具挑战性。
But we analyzed every 50-mile by 50-mile block on the continent , and we found that half of farmers live in just these shaded regions . 但是我们把非陆画成50 平方哩的区块来分析, 我们发现一半的农夫都住在这几块阴影区里。
analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨; continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的; shaded:adj.荫蔽的;色彩较暗的;v.遮蔽住;使阴暗(shade的过去分词); regions:n.地区;地域;行政区;左近;(region的复数)
That's a remarkably small area overall. 整体来看这是非常小的一块区域。
remarkably:adv.非常;极为;格外;出乎意料地
If you were to lay these boxes next to each other within a map of the United States, they would only cover the Eastern United States. 如果你把这几个区块 在美国地图内一个接一个排起来, 只会盖住美东地区。
Eastern:adj.东方的;向东的;东部的;东方国家的;n.东方人;东正教信徒;
You can order pizza anywhere in this territory and it'll arrive to your house hot, fresh and delicious. 在这片区域的任何地方,你都能叫比萨外送, 然后香噴噴热腾腾的现做比萨就会送到你家。
If America can deliver pizza to an area of this size, then Africa's companies, governments and non-profits can deliver farm services to all of her farmers. 如果美国能做到在这样大小的地区送比萨, 那非洲的公司、政府及非营利组织 也能做农村递送服务给所有的农夫。
non-profits:非盈利;
This is possible. 这是可行的。
I'm going to wrap up by generalizing beyond just farming. 我要扩大到农業之外的面向来总结。
wrap:v.缠绕;隐藏;掩护;包起来;缠绕;穿外衣;n.外套;围巾; generalizing:归纳;
In every field of human development, humanity has already invented effective tools to end poverty. 在人类发展的各个领域上, 人类都已经发明了有用的工具以终结贫穷。
We just need to deliver them. 我们只需要递送工具。
So again, in every area of human development, super-smart people a long time ago invented inexpensive , highly effective tools. 所以让我再说一次,在各个人类发展领域, 都有超聪明的人在很久以前发明了便宜、 超有用的工具。
inexpensive:adj.廉价的;不昂贵的; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地;
Humanity is armed to the teeth with simple, effective solutions to poverty. 人类早就准备好 以简单有效的方案解决贫穷问题。
armed to the teeth:武装到牙齿;全副武装的;武装到了牙齿;
We just need to deliver these to a pretty small area. 我们只需要把这些递送到很小的区域就可以了。
Again using the map of Sub-Saharan Africa as an example, remember that rural poverty is concentrated in these blue shaded areas. 再拿下撒哈拉与美国地图为例, 记得农村贫穷都集中在这几块蓝色区域。
concentrated:adj.决心要做的; v.集中(注意力); (concentrate的过去式和过去分词)
Urban poverty is even more concentrated, in these green little dots. 都市贫困更集中,就在这几个绿色小点上。
Urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
Again, using a map of the United States for scale, this is what I would call a highly achievable delivery zone. 再用美国地图做比例, 这就是我称为极可能到达的递送区。
achievable:adj.可完成的;可有成就的;做得成的;
In fact, for the first time in human history, we have a vast amount of delivery infrastructure available to us. 事实上,这是有史以来 人类有如此大的递送基础建设可用。
infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
The world's companies, governments and non-profits have delivery armies that are fully capable of covering this relatively small area. 全世界的公司、政府及非营利组织 都有递送大军能完全 涵盖这块相对小的区域。
relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地;
We just lack the will. 我们只欠意愿。
If we are willing, every one of us has a role to play. 如果我们愿意, 每一个人都有角色能参与。
We first need more people to pursue careers in human development, especially if you live in a developing nation. 首先我们需要更多人追求人类发展这块事業, 尤其是在发展中国家的人。
pursue:v.继续;从事;追赶;纠缠; careers:n.职业(career的复数);事业;职业生涯;v.全速前进(career的三单形式); especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
We need more front line health workers, teachers, farmer trainers, sales agents for life-improving goods. 我们需要更多的一线医疗人员、教师、农村训练人员, 及代理改善生活品质货物的業务员。
front line:adj.前线的;第一线的; agents:n.代理人,经纪人;原动力;(agent的复数)
These are the delivery people that dedicate their careers to improving the lives of others. 这些都是「递送员」,
dedicate:vt.致力;献身;题献; improving:v.改进;改善;(improve的现在分词)
But we also need a lot of support roles. 但是我们也需要很多支援的角色。
These are roles available at just my organization alone, and we're just one out of many. 单单在我的组织里就有这样的需求, 而我们只是组织之一。
This may surprise you, but no matter what your technical specialty , there is a role for you in this fight. 这可能会让你大吃一惊,但是无论你的技术专长为何, 在这场战役中总有你可以扮演的角色。
no matter what:不管什么…; technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; specialty:n.专业,专长;特产;特性;招牌菜;adj.特色的;专门的;独立的;
And no matter how logistically possible it is to end poverty, we need a lot more resources . 不管物流如何终结贫穷, 我们还是需要更多资源。
logistically:adv.逻辑地,运筹地;在后勤方面; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
This is our number one constraint . 这是我们的头号限制。
constraint:n.[数]约束;局促,态度不自然;强制;
For private investors, we need a big expansion of venture capital , private equity , working capital , available in emerging markets. 对于民间投资人,我们需要创投業者、 私募股权及流动资本扩大投资在这个新兴市场上。
expansion:n.扩张;膨胀;扩展;扩大; venture capital:风险投资; equity:n.公平,公正;衡平法;普通股;抵押资产的净值; working capital:n.流动资本;运营资本;周转资金; emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词)
But there are also limits to what private business can accomplish . 但是民营企業能达成的使命还是有限。
accomplish:v.完成;实现;达到;
Private businesses often struggle to profitably serve the extreme poor, so philanthropy still has a major role to play. 民营企業常常苦苦挣扎如何服务赤贫还能赚钱。 所以慈善事業仍然发挥主要功能。
profitably:adv.有利地;有益地; philanthropy:n.博爱,慈善;慈善事业;
Anybody can give, but we need more leadership. 任何人都可以施与,但是我们需要更多领导角色。
We need more visionary philanthropists and global leaders who will take problems in human development and lead humanity to wipe them off the face of the planet. 我们需要有远见的慈善家, 以及世界领袖,能正视人类发展问题, 进而率领人类消灭全世界的贫穷。
visionary:adj.梦想的;幻影的;n.空想家;梦想者;有眼力的人; philanthropists:n.慈善家,博爱主义者;乐善好施的人; wipe:v.擦;抹;拭;消除;n.擦;拭;揩;(湿)抹布;
If you're interested in these ideas, check out this website. 如果你对这方面有兴趣,请看这个网页。
We need more leaders. 我们需要更多领袖。
Humanity has put people on the moon. 人类已经登月。
We've invented supercomputers that fit into our pockets and connect us with anybody on the planet. 我们也发明了超级电脑,既能塞进口袋, 还能让我们与世上任何人连结。
supercomputers:n.[计]巨型计算机,超级计算机;
We've run marathons at a five-minute mile pace. 我们能以五分钟一哩的速度跑马拉松。
We are an exceptional people. 我们是卓越的人。
exceptional:adj.异常的,例外的;n.超常的学生;
But we've left more than one billion of our members behind. 我们却把超过十亿的同类远远抛在后头。
Until every girl like this one has an opportunity to earn her full human potential, we have failed to become a truly moral and just human race. 直到每个像这样的女孩都有机会 赢得她全部的潜力之前, 我们都称不上是有道德和有正义的人类。
Logistically speaking, it's incredibly possible to end extreme poverty. 从物流管理来看,真的极有可能 终结赤贫。
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
We just need to deliver proven goods and services to everybody. 我们只需要递送可靠的货品及服务 给每一个人。
If we have the will, every one of us has a role to play. 只要我们有意愿,我们每个人都能参与其中。
Let's deploy our time, our careers, our collective wealth . 让我们充分利用我们的时间、我们的事業 及我们的集体财富。
deploy:v.部署;利用;[军事]展开;(使)张开; wealth:n.财富;大量;富有;
Let us deliver an end to extreme poverty in this lifetime. 让我们递送赤贫终结书, 在此生之中。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）