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AndreasRaptopoulos_2013G-_没有_无人驾驶飞行器来帮你!_
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One billion people in the world today do not have access to all-season roads. |
现今世界上有10 亿人 不能享受全年畅通的道路。 |
One billion people. |
10 亿人。 |
One seventh of the Earth's population are totally cut off for some part of the year. |
地球人口的七分之一 在一年中的某些时候与外界完全隔绝。 |
We cannot get medicine to them reliably , they cannot get critical supplies, and they cannot get their goods to market in order to create a sustainable income. |
我们没办法以可靠的途径给他们提供药材, 他们没办法收取关键物资的供应, 他们也不能把自己的产品货物运到市场上去, 来创造可持续性的收入。 |
reliably:adv.可靠地;确实地; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
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In sub-Saharan Africa, for instance , 85 percent of roads are unusable in the wet season. |
以撒哈拉以南的非洲地区为例, 85%的道路在潮湿的季节无法通用。 |
sub-Saharan:撒哈拉以南地区; instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例; unusable:adj.不能用的;与众不同的;
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Investments are being made, but at the current level, it's estimated it's going to take them 50 years to catch up. |
虽然在这方面有得到投资, 但按照目前的进展程度,, 据估计他们得需要花 50年才能赶上标准。 |
Investments:n.[经]投资,投资的财产;投资学;(investment的复数) estimated:adj.估计的;预计的;估算的;
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In the U.S. alone, there's more than four million miles of roads, very expensive to build, very expensive to maintain infrastructure , with a huge ecological footprint , and yet, very often, congested . |
仅在美国,就有超过400万 英里的公路,建设成本极高, 基础设施维修保养费用极其昂贵, 并留下巨大的生态足迹, 但同时,经常非常堵塞。 |
maintain:v.维持;保持;维修;保养;坚持(意见); infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; ecological:adj.生态的,生态学的; footprint:n.足迹;脚印; congested:adj.堵塞的,拥挤的;v.挤满;超负荷(congest的过去分词);
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So we saw this and we thought, can there be a better way? |
看到这样的状况我们就想, 难道就没有更好的办法么? |
Can we create a system using today's most advanced technologies that can allow this part of the world to leapfrog in the same way they've done with mobile telephones in the last 10 years? |
我们能不能创建一个系统,使用当今最先进的技术, 使这些地区获得飞跃式的发展, 就好像在过去10年里, 手机给他们带来的巨大变化一样? 就好像在过去10年里, 手机给他们带来的巨大变化一样? |
advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式) technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); leapfrog:n.跳背游戏;跳蛙游戏;交互跃进;vi.跳背;跳蛙;交替前进;vt.跃过; mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的;
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Many of those nations have excellent telecommunications today without ever putting copper lines in the ground. |
这其中的许多国家当今有着优越的无线电通讯技术, 却从没在地下埋过半根铜线。 |
telecommunications:n.电信;电讯; copper:n.铜;铜币;警察;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的;v.用铜板[铜皮]盖[包];
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Could we do the same for transportation ? |
在交通方面,我们也能做到这类的发展吗? |
transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放;
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Imagine this scenario . |
想象一下这样的情境。 |
scenario:n.方案;情节;剧本;
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Imagine you are in a maternity ward in Mali, and have a newborn in need of urgent medication . |
想象你在马里的一个产房区里, 有新生儿紧切的需要药物。 |
maternity:n.母性,母道;[妇产]妇产科医院;adj.产科的;产妇的,孕妇的; ward:n.病房; v.防止; newborn:adj.新生的;再生的;n.婴儿; urgent:adj.紧急的;急迫的; medication:n.药;药物;
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What would you do today? |
你会怎么做? |
Well, you would place a request via mobile phone , and someone would get the request immediately. |
你会通过手机进行求助, 并且很快会有人对你的求助做出回应, |
via:prep.通过;经由;n.道路;[医]管道; mobile phone:移动电话
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That's the part that works. |
到目前为止的这部分都没问题。 |
The medication may take days to arrive, though, because of bad roads. |
不过,药物可能要好多天之后才能到达, 因为道路太差。 |
That's the part that's broken. |
这一部分就是有问题的部分。 |
We believe we can deliver it within hours with an electric autonomous flying vehicle such as this. |
我们认为我们现在有能力把东西在短时间内送到, 依赖电动无人飞行器, 就是像这样的飞行器。 |
electric:n.供电;adj.电的;用电的;电动的;发电的; autonomous:adj.自治的;自主的;自发的; vehicle:n.[车辆]车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物;
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This can transport a small payload today, about two kilograms, over a short distance, about 10 kilometers, but it's part of a wider network that may cover the entire country, maybe even the entire continent . |
它们可以载重两公斤左右的物资, 飞行约10公里的距离, 不过这只是一个大网络的一个小部分, 一个大网络可以覆盖整个国家、 甚至整个非洲大陆的范围。 |
payload:n.(导弹,火箭等的)有效载荷,有效负荷; (工厂,企业等)工资负担; continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的;
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It's an ultra-flexible, automated logistics network. |
这是一个超灵活的、自动化的物流网络。 |
automated:adj.自动化的;v.(使)自动化;(automate的过去式和过去分词) logistics:n.[军]后勤;后勤学;物流;
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It's a network for a transportation of matter. |
它是一个物质运输的网络。 |
We call it Matternet. |
我们称之为物质网(Matternet)。 |
We use three key technologies. |
我们使用三个关键性的技术。 |
The first is electric autonomous flying vehicles . |
第一个是电动自主飞行器。 |
vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数)
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The second is automated ground stations that the vehicles fly in and out of to swap batteries and fly farther, or pick up or deliver loads. |
第二个是飞行器起飞和降落的自动化地面站, 第二个是飞行器起飞和降落的自动化地面站, 在那里它们可以更换电池以飞得更远, 或收发货物。 |
swap:n.交换;交换之物;vt.与...交换;以...作交换;vi.交换;交易; batteries:n.电池;炮组;炮列;[法]殴打;(batteries是battery的复数)
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And the third is the operating system that manages the whole network. |
第三个是用来管理整个网络操作系统。 第三个是用来管理整个网络的操作系统。 |
operating system:n.(计算机)操作系统;
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Let's look at each one of those technologies in a bit more detail. |
让我们来具体的看一下这三项技术。 |
First of all , the UAVs. |
第一,电动自主飞行器(UAV)。 |
First of all:adv.首先;
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Eventually , we're going to be using all sorts of vehicles for different payload capacities and different ranges. |
我们最终会需要使用各种不同的飞行器, 来满足不同载重和距离的需要, |
Eventually:adv.最后,终于; capacities:n.能力;容量;性能;生产量(capacity的复数);
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Today, we're using small quads . |
今天,我们使用小体积的四轴飞行器。 |
quads:abbr.股四头肌(quadriceps); n.[印刷]空铅; v.用空铅填(等于quadrat,quad的第三人称单数形式);
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These are able to transport two kilograms over 10 kilometers in just about 15 minutes. |
它们可以在大约15分钟内飞行10公里, 运输两公斤的物资。 它们可以在大约15分钟内飞行10公里, 运输两公斤的物资。 |
Compare this with trying to trespass a bad road in the developing world, or even being stuck in traffic in a developed world country. |
和下面的情况来比较, 譬如试图穿越糟糕的道路, 在那些发展中的国家, 或是被卡在交通严重堵塞的 发达国家。 |
Compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较; trespass:vi.侵入;犯罪;打扰;冒犯;n.罪过;非法侵入;过失;擅自进入;
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These fly autonomously . |
这些器械可以自主飞行。 |
autonomously:adv.自治地;独立自主地;
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This is the key to the technology . |
这是该技术的关键。 |
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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So they use GPS and other sensors on board to navigate between ground stations. |
他们使用GPS和其他的传感器 在地面站之间进行导航。 |
sensors:n.[自]传感器,感应器;感测器(sensor的复数); navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
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Every vehicle is equipped with an automatic payload and battery exchange mechanism , so these vehicles navigate to those ground stations, they dock , swap a battery automatically , and go out again. |
每架飞行器都配备了自动的 有效载荷和电池交换机能, 因此这些飞行器可以自主导航到这些地面站, 停靠、 自动换电池, 并再次飞出去。 |
battery:n.[电]电池,蓄电池;n.[法]殴打;n.[军]炮台,炮位; exchange:n.交换;交流;交易所;兑换;v.交换;交易;兑换; mechanism:n.机制;原理,途径;进程;机械装置;技巧; dock:n.码头;船坞;被告席;尾巴的骨肉部分;vt.使靠码头;剪短;vi.入船坞; automatically:adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地;adj.不经思索的;
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The ground stations are located on safe locations on the ground. |
地面站位于地面上安全的地点。 地面站位于地面上安全的地点。 |
located:adj.位于; v.确定…的准确地点; (locate的过去分词和过去式) locations:n.地方;地点;位置;定位(location的复数)
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They secure the most vulnerable part of the mission , which is the landing. |
它们保障这些飞行任务中最易出错的部分, 即着陆的成功。 |
vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
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They are at known locations on the ground, so the paths between them are also known, which is very important from a reliability perspective from the whole network. |
它们位于地面上众所周知的地点, 所以它们相互之间的道路也是清晰的, 这对于整个网络的可靠性来讲非常重要。 这对于整个网络的可靠性来讲非常重要。 |
reliability:n.可靠性; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
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Apart from fulfilling the energy requirements of the vehicles, eventually they're going to be becoming commercial hubs where people can take out loads or put loads into the network. |
地面站除了满足飞行器对能源的需求, 最终它们会成为一个商业枢纽, 让人们也可以在那里收发货物。 让人们也可以在那里收发货物。 |
fulfilling:adj.让人感觉有意义的; v.实现; (fulfill的现在分词) commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告; hubs:n.枢纽;中心(hub的复数);毂;
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The last component is the operating system that manages the whole network. |
最后的环节是用于管理整个网络的操作系统。 最后的环节是用于管理整个网络的操作系统。 |
component:n.成分;部件;组成部分;adj.构成的;
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It monitors weather data from all the ground stations and optimizes the routes of the vehicles through the system to avoid adverse weather conditions, avoid other risk factors , and optimize the use of the resources throughout the network. |
它监测所有地面站的天气数据, 并通过系统来优化飞行器的飞行路线 以避免恶劣的天气条件和其他的风险因素, 以避免恶劣的天气条件和其他的风险因素, 以及优化整个网络的资源配置和使用。 以及优化整个网络的资源配置和使用。 |
optimizes:优化; routes:n.路线;途径;路途;渠道;v.按某路线发送;(route的第三人称单数和复数) adverse:adj.不利的;相反的;敌对的(名词adverseness,副词adversely); factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及;
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I want to show you what one of those flights looks like. |
我想给你们看一下这样的飞行是什么样的。 我想给你们看一下这样的飞行是什么样的。 |
Here we are flying in Haiti last summer, where we've done our first field trials. |
这是我们去年夏天在海地, 在那里我们做了第一次的实地试验。 |
Haiti:n.海地;
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We're modeling here a medical delivery in a camp we set up after the 2010 earthquake. |
我们模拟了给2010年地震后的难民营 运送医疗物资的情景, 我们模拟了给2010年地震后的难民营 运送医疗物资的情景, |
delivery:n.[贸易]交付;分娩;递送;
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People there love this. |
当地居民爱极了这个。 |
And I want to show you what one of those vehicles looks like up close. |
我还想给大家近距离地 看一下这些飞行器的样子。 |
So this is a $3,000 vehicle. |
这是一架花费3000美金的飞行器。 |
Costs are coming down very rapidly. |
它们的成本在迅速地下降。 |
We use this in all sorts of weather conditions, very hot and very cold climates, very strong winds. They're very sturdy vehicles. |
我们可以在各种天气条件下使用它, 很热和很冷的气候, 有强风的时候。它们是非常结实的飞行器。 |
sturdy:adj.坚定的;强健的;健全的;n.羊晕倒病;
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Imagine if your life depended on this package, somewhere in Africa or in New York City, after Sandy. |
想象一下如果你的生命取决于它们运载的包裹, 不管是在非洲的某个角落, 还是在飓风桑迪袭击后的纽约。 |
The next big question is, what's the cost? |
下一个重要的问题是,费用会是多少? |
Well, it turns out that the cost to transport two kilograms over 10 kilometers with this vehicle is just 24 cents. |
事实上,用飞行器运输 两公斤物资飞行10公里的成本 仅要24美分。 |
(Applause) |
(掌声) |
And it's counterintuitive , but the cost of energy expended for the flight is only two cents of a dollar today, and we're just at the beginning of this. |
听上去很不可思议, 但其实这样一次飞行所花费的能源的费用 听上去很不可思议, 但其实这样一次飞行所花费的能源的费用 在今天只需要两美分, 而我们现在只是在这个技术的开始。 |
counterintuitive:adj.违反直觉的; expended:adj.花费的;支出的;开支的;v.花费;耗尽(expend的过去分词); at the beginning of:在…的开始;
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When we saw this, we felt that this is something that can have significant impact in the world. |
当我们了解到这一点的时候,我们觉得 这是技能可以对世界给予重大的影响。 |
significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
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So we said, okay, how much does it cost to set up a network somewhere in the world? |
所以我们想, 要在某个地方建设这样一个网络到底需要多大的花费? 所以我们想, 要在某个地方建设这样一个网络到底需要多大的花费? |
And we looked at setting up a network in Lesotho for transportation of HIV/AIDS samples. |
于是我们研究了一下试着在莱索托 建设一个运输艾滋病毒样本的网络。 于是我们研究了一下试着在莱索托 建设一个运输艾滋病毒样本的网络。 |
The problem there is how do you take them from clinics where they're being collected to hospitals where they're being analyzed ? |
在那个情况下的问题是,如何将样本 从被收集的诊所处, 送到做分析步骤的医院? |
clinics:n.诊所(clinic的复数形式); analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨;
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And we said, what if we wanted to cover an area spanning around 140 square kilometers? |
我们就想,如果说我们想要覆盖约140平方公里的区域如何? 我们就想,如果说我们想要覆盖约140平方公里的区域如何? |
what if:如果…怎么办? spanning:v.持续;贯穿;包括(广大地区);涵盖(多项内容);(span的现在分词)
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That's roughly one and a half times the size of Manhattan. |
那大约是纽约曼哈顿区域的1.5倍。 |
roughly:adv.粗糙地;概略地;
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Well it turns out that the cost to do that there would be less than a million dollars. |
结果我们发现这只需要花费不到100万美金。 结果我们发现这只需要花费不到100万美金。 |
Compare this to normal infrastructure investments. |
拿这个跟做一般的基础设施投资来比较。 |
We think this can be -- this is the power of a new paradigm . |
我们认为这可以成为 - 这就是一个新的模式所带来的力量。 我们认为这可以成为 - 这就是一个新的模式所带来的力量。 |
paradigm:n.范例;词形变化表;
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So here we are: a new idea about a network for transportation that is based on the ideas of the Internet. |
这正是我们想要的:一个新的概念, 一个使用互联网来建立交通运输网络的新点子。 一个使用互联网来建立交通运输网络的新点子。 |
It's decentralized , it's peer-to-peer , it's bidirectional , highly adaptable , with very low infrastructure investment, very low ecological footprint. |
它很分散,很平等, 它是双向的,适应能力强, 对基础设施投资的需求很低, 留下的生态足迹也很小。 |
decentralized:adj.分散的; vt.使分散; peer-to-peer:n.对等;对等网络; bidirectional:adj.双向的;n.双指向性; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; adaptable:adj.适合的;能适应的;可修改的;
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If it is a new paradigm, though, there must be other uses for it. |
如果这是一个新的模式的话, 那它必然还有其他的用途。 |
It can be used perhaps in other places in the world. |
也许它可以在世界的其他地方被使用。 |
So let's look at the other end of the spectrum : our cities and megacities . |
所以让我们看一下社会群体的另一端: 我们的城市和超大城市。 |
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; megacities:n.大城市(megacity的复数);
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Half of the Earth's population lives in cities today. |
今天地球上有一半的人口生活在城市里, |
Half a billion of us live in megacities. |
五亿人口生活在超大城市里。 |
We are living through an amazing urbanization trend . |
我们在经历着一个惊人的城市化的潮流。 |
urbanization:n.都市化;文雅化; trend:n.趋势;动向;趋向;动态;v.走向;趋向;
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China alone is adding a megacity the size of New York City every two years. |
光在中国,每两年就增多一个和纽约一样大的超大城市。 光在中国,每两年就增多一个和纽约一样大的超大城市。 |
megacity:n.大城市(人口超过1000万的);
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These are places that do have road infrastructure, but it's very inefficient . |
这些地方是有道路基础设施的, 但它们效率很低。 |
inefficient:adj.无效率的,效率低的;无能的;
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Congestion is a huge problem. |
交通堵塞是一个巨大的问题。 |
Congestion:n.拥挤;拥塞;充血;
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So we think it makes sense in those places to set up a network of transportation that is a new layer that sits between the road and the Internet, initially for lightweight , urgent stuff , and over time, we would hope to develop this into a new mode of transportation that is truly a modern solution to a very old problem. |
所以我们想我们可以在这样的地方 建设一个交通网络, 座落于路面和互联网之间的一个新的层次, 座落于路面和互联网之间的一个新的层次, 在初期用来运输轻小,紧急的东西, 之后将它逐渐发展成一种新方式的交通工具, 之后将它逐渐发展成一种新方式的交通工具, 给一个老旧的问题提供一个完全现代化的解决方法。 |
layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次; initially:adv.最初,首先;开头; lightweight:n.轻量级选手;无足轻重的人;adj.重量轻的;平均重量以下的; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
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It's ultimately scalable with a very small ecological footprint, operating in the background 24/7, just like the Internet. |
这解决方法可以无限制的延伸, 生态足迹非常小, 日夜不停止的工作, 就像互联网一样。 |
ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; scalable:adj.可攀登的;可去鳞的;可称量的;
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So when we started this a couple of years ago now, we've had a lot of people come up to us who said, "This is a very interesting but crazy idea, and certainly not something that you should engage with anytime soon." |
我们几年前的时候了,开始的这个项目, 我们几年前的时候了,开始的这个项目, 有很多人来跟我们说: 这真是一个非常有趣,但是疯狂的想法, 短时间内绝对不应该开始做。” 短时间内绝对不应该开始做。” |
come up to:v.达到;等于; engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定;
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And of course, we're talking about drones , right, a technology that's not only unpopular in the West but one that has become a very, very unpleasant fact of life for many living in poor countries, especially those engaged in conflict . |
当然,我们是在讨论无人驾驶飞行器, 它不但在西方不受欢迎, 对很多生活在贫穷国家的人, 尤其是经历过军事冲突的国家的人来讲, 无人驾驶飞行器也不是什么好玩的东西。 |
drones:v.嗡嗡叫;嗡嗡响;(drone的第三人称单数) unpopular:adj.不流行的,不受欢迎的; unpleasant:adj.令人不快的;不舒服的;不客气的 especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; engaged in:从事于;忙于; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
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So why are we doing this? |
那我们为什么还要这样做? |
Well, we chose to do this one not because it's easy, but because it can have amazing impact. |
我们之所以选择这样做 不是因为它容易, 而是因为它可以改变世界的能力。 |
Imagine one billion people being connected to physical goods in the same way that mobile telecommunications connected them to information. |
想象一下10亿人,物质上的 和各种东西连接在一起, 就像手机将他们跟信息连接在一起一样。 就像手机将他们跟信息连接在一起一样。 就像手机将他们跟信息连接在一起一样。 |
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
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Imagine if the next big network we built in the world was a network for the transportation of matter. |
想象一下如果我们在这个世界上建设的下一个网络 是一个物质的运输网络。 |
In the developing world, we would hope to reach millions of people with better vaccines , reach them with better medication. |
在发展中国家,我们可以 将更好的疫苗送到数百万人的手里, 在发展中国家,我们可以 将更好的疫苗送到数百万人的手里, 提供他们更好的药物。 |
vaccines:n.[药][计]疫苗;
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It would give us an unfair advantage against battling |
它给我们提供了一个强大的 战胜艾滋病、 结核病和其他流行病的优势。 |
advantage:n.有利条件:优势:优点:
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HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and other epidemics . |
它给我们提供了一个强大的 战胜艾滋病、 结核病和其他流行病的优势。 |
tuberculosis:n.肺结核;结核病; epidemics:n.流行病;蔓延(epidemic的复数);时疫;
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Over time, we would hope it would become a new platform for economic transactions , lifting millions of people out of poverty . |
随着时间的推移,我们希望它会成为 一个新的经济交易平台, 帮助数百万人脱离贫困。 |
platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; transactions:n.处理,[图情]会报;汇报(transaction复数); poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣;
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In the developed world and the emerging world, we would hope it would become a new mode of transportation that could help make our cities more livable . |
在发达国家和新兴世界, 我们希望它会成为一种新的交通工具, 让我们的城市居住起来更舒适。 让我们的城市居住起来更舒适。 |
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) livable:adj.适于居住的;生活过得有价值的;
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So for those that still believe that this is science fiction , |
对于那些仍然觉得这是科幻小说的人, |
science fiction:科幻小说;
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I firmly say to you that it is not. |
我可以明确的告诉你,它不是。 |
We do need to engage, though, in social fiction to make it happen. |
当然,我们仍然需要努力, 让它在”现实小说“中发生。 |
Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
(Applause) |
(掌声) |