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AmandaLittle_2020S-_气候变化正在成为一个我们可以感知的问题_-
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| In the early months of the pandemic , that have come to symbolize a modern American food crisis . |
在疫情的最初几个月, 标志着现代美国食物危机的照片。 |
| The first shows mountains of potatoes that have been left to rot in a field in Idaho. |
第一张是爱达荷州成堆成堆 被丢弃的腐烂土豆。 |
| The restaurants and cafeterias and stadiums that had consumed them were shuttered during the pandemic. |
那些原本食用它们的餐厅, 咖啡厅和体育馆 全都在疫情期间关门了。 |
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pandemic:adj.(疾病等)全国流行的;普遍的;n.流行性疾病; symbolize:v.象征;是…的象征;代表; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; stadiums:n.体育馆;露天大型运动场(stadium的复数); consumed:adj.沉迷…的; v.消耗,耗费; (consume的过去分词和过去式) shuttered:adj.有百叶窗的;v.以百叶窗遮闭(shutter的过去式和过去分词);
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| The second shows a devastating scene outside of the San Antonio food bank. |
第二张是圣安东尼奥市 食物银行外灾难性的一幕, |
| Thousands of carloads of people lined up, waiting for food with not enough supply to go around. |
成千上万载满了人的汽车 正因粮食短缺而排队等候食物。 |
| '"How is it possible these two photos exist at the same time , in the most prosperous and technologically advanced moment in our history," tweeted Andrés. |
“这两张照片怎么可能同时存在呢, 而且是在历史上最繁荣, 科技最发达的时代。” 安德烈斯在发文时尖锐地问到。 |
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devastating:adj.毁灭性的; v.毁灭; (devastate的现在分词) carloads:n.货车的最低载重量;车辆所载的货物; at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; prosperous:adj.繁荣的;兴旺的; technologically:adv.科技地;技术上地; advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式) tweeted:v.(小鸟)吱吱地叫;啾鸣;(tweet的过去分词和过去式)
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| In the months after the photos were published, the crisis got worse. |
照片公开后的几个月, 危机变得更严重了。 |
| Billions of pounds of potatoes and other fresh produce were chucked by American farmers. |
数十亿磅的土豆和其他新鲜食材 全部被美国农民们丢进了垃圾堆。 |
| At the same time, food banks all over the country were reporting demand increases and 40 percent were facing critical shortfalls . |
与此同时, 全国范围内的食物银行 都在报告需求的增长, 其中 40% 面临严重短缺。 |
| Outside the US, especially in the Middle East and throughout Southeastern Africa, |
美国之外, 尤其是中东和非洲东南部地区, |
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chucked:vt.丢弃,抛掷;驱逐;轻拍;n.[机]卡盘;抚弄;赶走;咯咯声;vi.咯咯叫; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; shortfalls:不足; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; Middle East:n.中东(包括亚洲西南部和非洲东北部); throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; Southeastern:adj.东南方的;朝东南的;
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| COVID-19 was paralyzing food systems that were already vulnerable . |
新冠病毒使原本已经很脆弱的 粮食系统全面瘫痪。 |
| Oxfam has predicted that by the end of 2020 12,000 people per day could die of hunger related to COVID. |
据乐施会预测,到 2020 年底, 平均每天可能会有 12000 人 死于疫情引发的饥荒。 |
| That's more than the highest daily mortality rate recorded so far. |
这比有史以来记载的 最高日死亡率 还要高。 |
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paralyzing:v.使瘫痪或麻痹;使惊愕;(paralyze的现在分词) vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; predicted:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的过去分词和过去式) mortality:n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运;
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| But what's worse and what's much more concerning to all of us is that COVID is just one of many major disruptions that have been predicted in the years and decades ahead. |
然而更糟糕, 也更值得我们关心的是, 根据预测, 新冠病毒只是未来数十年 可能发生的众多重大灾难的 其中之一。 |
| More chronic and complex than the pressures of COVID are the pressures of climate change. |
比新冠病毒更缓慢,且更复杂的 是气候变化带来的压力。 |
| And those of you who live in California have seen this on your farms. |
住在加利福利亚的人 已经在你们的农场上目睹了。 |
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concerning:prep.关于;涉及;v.影响,牵涉(某人);与…有关;涉及;(concern的现在分词) disruptions:破坏,毁坏;分裂,瓦解(disruption的复数); chronic:adj.慢性的;长期的;习惯性的; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
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| You've seen withering heat and drought and fires disrupt avocado and almond and citrus and strawberry farms. |
你们目睹了高温、干旱和大火 大肆破坏了牛油果、杏仁、 柑橘和草莓农场。 |
| This summer, we saw the devastating impacts of storms on corn and soy farms. |
这个夏天,我们目睹了沙尘暴 对玉米和大豆田的毁灭性影响。 |
| I've seen the various pressures of drought, heat, flooding, superstorms, invasive insects, bacterial blight , shifting seasons and weather volatility from Washington to Florida, and from Guatemala to Australia. |
我见过干旱、 高温、洪水、飓风、 入侵性昆虫、细菌性疾病、 换季和天气动荡带来的种种压力。 从华盛顿到弗罗里达, 从危地马拉到澳大利亚。 |
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withering:adj.尖刻的; v.(使)枯萎,凋谢; drought:n.干旱;缺乏; avocado:n.鳄梨;鳄梨树; almond:n.扁桃仁;扁桃树; citrus:n.[园艺]柑橘属果树;柑橘类的植物;adj.柑橘属植物的; strawberry:n.草莓 impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用; invasive:adj.侵略性的;攻击性的; bacterial:adj.[微]细菌的; blight:n.枯萎病;荒芜;vt.破坏;使…枯萎;vi.枯萎; shifting:adj.不断移动的;流动的;v.转移;赶快;快速移动;变换;(shift的现在分词) volatility:n.[化学]挥发性;易变;活泼; Guatemala:n.危地马拉(拉丁美洲国家);危地马拉人;
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| The upshot is this. |
结论就是, |
| Climate change is becoming something we can taste. |
气候变化正成为一种 我们可以亲身感知的东西。 |
| This is a kitchen-table issue in the literal sense. |
从本质上来说, 就是一个餐桌问题。 |
| The International Panel on Climate Change has predicted that by mid-century the world may reach a threshold of global warming beyond which current agricultural practices can no longer support large human civilizations . |
国际气候变化专门委员会 已经预测,到本世纪中期, 世界将有可能达到 一个全球变暖的门槛, 到时候目前的农业生产 将无法继续支撑巨大的人类文明。 |
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upshot:n.结果,结局;要点; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行; literal:adj.文字的;逐字的;无夸张的; Panel:n.镶板;仪表盘;钣金;(衣服上的)镶条;v.镶板(用木或玻璃板等镶嵌或装饰); mid-century:世纪中叶; threshold:n.入口;门槛;开始;极限;临界值; global warming:n.全球(气候)变暖;地球大气层变暖; agricultural:adj.农业的;农艺的; civilizations:n.文明(civilization的复数形式);
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| The USDA scientist Jerry Hatfield put it to me this way: the single biggest threat of climate change is the collapse of food systems. |
美国农业部科学家 杰瑞·哈特菲尔德这么解释: 气候变化带来的最大威胁 是粮食系统的崩溃。 |
| The reality we face, one that was exposed by those mountains of potatoes and the cars lined up during the pandemic, is that our supply chains are antiquated . |
我们所面对的现实, 一个已经被疫情期间成堆的土豆 和成群结伴排队等候的汽车 暴露的现实, 就是我们的供应链已经过时了。 |
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collapse:vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌;vt.使倒塌,使崩溃;使萎陷;折叠;n.倒塌;失败;衰竭; exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) antiquated:adj.过时的; v.废弃,使变旧(过时,复古); (antiquate的过去分词和过去式)
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| Our food systems have not been designed to adapt to major disruptions or preempt them. |
我们的粮食系统不是 为了适应重大破坏而设计的。 |
| Addressing this challenge as much as any other is going to define our progress in the coming century. |
如何应对这一挑战 以及其他任何挑战, 都将定义我们在新世纪的进程。 |
| But there's good news. |
但好消息是, |
| And the good news is that farmers and entrepreneurs and academics are radically rethinking national and global food systems. |
农民、企业家和学者们 都在重新思考 全国和全球的粮食系统。 |
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adapt:vt.使适应;改编;vi.适应; preempt:v.优先购买;预先占用;(preempt的现在分词) define:v.定义;使明确;规定; entrepreneurs:n.企业家;(entrepreneur的复数) academics:n.学术水平;学术知识;专业学者; radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式; rethinking:n.反思;v.重新考虑(rethink的现在分词);
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| They are marrying principles of old-world agroecology and state-of-the-art technologies to create what I call a third way to our food future. |
他们把旧世界的农业生态学理论 与最先进的技术结合, 创造了我称之为发展 我们的粮食未来的第三种途径。 |
| We're going to see radical changes in what we grow and how we eat in the coming decades, as these environmental and population and public health pressures intensify . |
接下来几十年,我们将会看到 我们种植的品种和饮食方式 将会随着环境、人口 和公共卫生压力的增大 而发生根本性的改变。 |
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principles:n.原则;主义;本质;政策;(principle的复数) old-world:adj.古代世界的,古时的;从前的,以前的; agroecology:n.农业生态学; state-of-the-art:adj.最先进的;已经发展的;达到最高水准的; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); third way:n.第三条道路(介乎两种极端立场之间的行动方案或政策); intensify:vi.增强,强化;变激烈;vt.使加强,使强化;使变激烈;
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| I studied these changes for my book "The Fate of Food: |
我为我的书《食物的命运: |
| What We'll Eat in a Bigger, Hotter, Smarter World." |
在一个更大、更热、更先进的世界里 我们吃什么》进行了相关研究。 |
| I traveled for five years into the lands and the minds and the machines that are shaping the future of food. |
我旅行了五年, 深入了解那些塑造食物未来的 土地、思想和机器。 |
| My travels took me through 15 countries and 18 states, from apple orchards in Wisconsin to tiny cornfields in Kenya, to massive Norwegian fish farms and computerized foodscapes in Shanghai. |
我走过 15 个国家和 18 个州, 从威斯康星州的苹果园 到肯尼亚的小玉米田, 再到挪威的大型养鱼场, 以及上海的计算机化食品景观。 |
| I investigated new ideas, like robotics and CRISPR and vertical farms. |
我研究新的概念, 比如机器人、基因编辑技术 和垂直农场。 |
| And old ideas, like edible insects and permaculture and ancient plants. |
也研究老的点子,比如可食用昆虫 和永生的古老植物。 |
| I began to see the emergence of this third way to food production. |
我开始看到粮食生产的 第三种途径的浮现, |
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orchards:n.[园艺]果园(orchard的复数形式); Wisconsin:n.威斯康星州(美国州名); cornfields:n.麦田;玉米田;稻田; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; Norwegian:adj.挪威的;挪威人的;挪威语的;n.挪威人;挪威语; computerized:adj.电脑的; v.用电子计算机控制(computerize的过去分词); investigated:v.侦查;调查;研究;(investigate的过去分词和过去式) robotics:n.机器人学; vertical:n.垂直线;垂直位置;adj.竖的;垂直的;直立的;纵向的; edible:adj.可食用的;n.食品;食物; permaculture:n.永久培养; emergence:n.出现,浮现;发生;露头;
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| A synthesis of the traditional and the radically new. |
一种传统与现代的融合。 |
| There's a growing controversy about the best path to future food security in the US. |
发展未来食品安全的最好途径 在美国正引发越来越多的争议。 |
| Food is ripe for reinvention , Bill Gates has proclaimed . |
比尔?盖茨宣称,粮食产业已经 成熟到可以对其进行重塑了。 |
| Huge flows of investment are funding new methods of climate-smart and high-tech agriculture. |
大量投资正在为 气候智能和高科技农业的新措施 提供资金。 |
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synthesis:n.综合,[化学]合成;综合体; traditional:传统的,惯例的, controversy:n.争论;论战;辩论; ripe:adj.成熟的;口味浓郁的;醇美可口的;强烈的; reinvention:n.再创造,重塑。; proclaimed:公告; investment:n.投资;投入;封锁; funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) high-tech:adj.高科技的,高技术的;仿真技术的;n.高科技;
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| But many sustainable food advocates bristle at this idea of reinvention. |
但许多可持续食品倡导者 对这种重塑的想法感到愤怒。 |
| They want food deinvented. |
他们想要反重塑食物。 |
| They argue for a return to preindustrial and pre-green revolution , biodynamic and organic farming. |
他们主张回到工业革命 和绿色革命之前的 生物动力和有机农业。 |
| To which skeptics inevitably respond , "Nice, but does it scale ? |
怀疑论者不可避免地回应 “好是好,但是它的规模能扩展吗？ |
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sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的; advocates:n.拥护者; vt.主张(advocate的第三人称单数); bristle:n.猪鬃;刚毛;vi.发怒;竖起;vt.使(毛发等)直立; argue for:赞成;支持;论证; preindustrial:adj.工业化前的;未工业化的; revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环; biodynamic:adj.生物动力学的;n.生物动力学; organic:adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;绿色的;有机物的;n.分子有机体; skeptics:n.疑论者,怀疑主义者(skeptic的复数形式); inevitably:adv.不可避免地;必然地; respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
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| Sure, a return to traditional farming methods could produce better food, but can it produce enough food that's affordable ?" |
回归传统农业生产方法 自然可以生产出更好的食物, 但这样能生产出量足够多, 且价格低廉的食物吗？“ |
| The rift between the reinvention camp and the deinvention camp has existed for decades. |
重塑和反重塑两大阵营之间的分歧 已经存在几十年了。 |
| But now it's a raging battle. |
但现在已经上升成了 一场激烈的斗争。 |
| One side covets the past, the other side covets the future and as someone observing this from the outside, |
一方觊觎过去, 另一方觊觎未来, 作为一个外部观察者, |
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affordable:adj.负担得起的; rift:n.裂缝;不和;[木]裂口;vt.使断裂;使分开;vi.裂开; raging:adj.愤怒的,狂暴的;v.发怒,恼火(rage的现在分词); covets:vt.垂涎;觊觎;vi.垂涎;觊觎; observing:adj.观察的;注意的;观察力敏锐的;v.观察;遵守(observe的现在分词);
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| I began to wonder, why must it be so binary ? |
我逐渐开始思考, 为什么非要这样非此即彼呢？ |
| Can't there be a synthesis of the two approaches ? |
就不能把两种方法合二为一吗？ |
| Our challenge is to borrow from the wisdom of the ages, and from our most advanced science, to forge this third way. |
我们的挑战是从历史中汲取智慧, 并结合发达的现代科技, 来开辟第三种途径。 |
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binary:adj.[数]二进制的;二元的,二态的; approaches:v.靠近,接近; n.方式,方法,态度; wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问; forge:v.锻造; n.锻压;
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| One that allows us to improve and scale our harvests, while restoring rather than degrading the underlying web of life. |
一种允许我们改进并扩大收成, 同时恢复而不是降低我们 赖以生存的生命之网的新途径。 |
| I belong to neither camp. |
我不属于任何一个阵营。 |
| I'm a failed vegan and a lapsed vegetarian , and a terrible backyard farmer. |
我是个失败的素食主义者, 还非常不擅长管理自家的菜园。 |
| If I'm honest, |
老实说, |
| I will keep trying at this, but I may fail. |
我还是会在这方面继续努力, 但还是可能失败。[06:08] |
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improve:v.改进;改善; restoring:adj.恢复的;v.恢复,重建;正在恢复;(restore的现在分词); degrading:adj.降低身份的; v.降低…身份; (degrade的现在分词) underlying:adj.根本的; v.构成…的基础; (underlie的现在分词) vegan:n.(英)严格的素食主义者;adj.严守素食主义的; lapsed:v.失效;期满终止;衰退;衰弱;(lapse的过去分词和过去式) vegetarian:n.素食者;食草动物;adj.素食的; backyard:n.后院;后庭;
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| But I'm hell-bent on hope, and if my travels have taught me anything, it's that there's good reason for hope. |
但我对此满怀希望, 如果我的旅行经历 教会了我什么事, 那就是永远有充分的理由去希望。 |
| Plenty of solutions are merging that can help build sustainable, resilient food systems. |
大量的能帮助建立 可持续发展且有弹性的食物系统的 解决方案正在融合。 |
| Even if we can't rely on a critical mass of backyard-farming vegetarians to do this on their own, from the ground up . |
即使我们不能依赖 大量的素食主义者们从头开始 在自家后院种菜。 |
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hell-bent:adj.拼命的;固执的; merging:v.合并,结合,并入;相融;(merge的现在分词) resilient:adj.弹回的,有弹力的; rely:vi.依靠;信赖; critical mass:n.(核链式反应的)临界质量; vegetarians:n.素食者;吃素的人;(vegetarian的复数) from the ground up:从头开始;彻底;
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| Let's start with artificial intelligence and robotics. |
我们从人工智能和机器人说起。 |
| Jorge Heraud is a Peruvian-born engineer who now lives in Silicon Valley , and his company developed a robotic weeder named See and Spray , and I went to Arkansas to see the maiden voyage of See and Spray. |
豪尔赫·赫罗（Jorge Heraud） 是一名在秘鲁出生, 现居硅谷的工程师, 他的公司研发出了一种叫 “边看边喷”的除草机器人, 当我去阿肯色州看 “边看边喷”的处女秀时, |
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artificial intelligence:n.人工智能; Silicon Valley:n.硅谷(美国加利福尼亚州一处计算机和电子公司聚集地,有时用以指任何计算机公司聚集地); weeder:n.除草人;除草机; Spray:n.喷雾; v.喷; maiden:adj.未婚的,处女的;初次的;n.少女;处女; voyage:v.航行;远行;(尤指)远航;n.航行;(尤指)航海;
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| And I was half expecting a battalion of C3PO-style robots to march into the fields with pincer hands to pluck the weeds . |
我原本期待的是一个营的 《星球大战》斯瑞皮欧式机器人 进军田野, 用它们钳子式的手除草。 |
| And instead, I found this. |
然而我看到的却是 |
| A tractor with a big, white hoop skirt off the back of it. |
一个后面拖着巨大白色裙撑的拖拉机。 |
| And inside that hoop skirt are 24 cameras that use computer vision to see the ground beneath and to distinguish between the plants and the weeds. |
裙撑里面有 24 个摄像头, 利用计算机视觉技术观察地面, 区分植物和杂草。 |
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battalion:n.营,军营;军队,部队; pincer:n.螯;拨钉钳; pluck:n.勇气;内脏;快而猛的拉;vt.摘;拔;扯;vi.拉;拽;扯; weeds:n.野草(weed的复数形式); v.清除(weed的第三人称单数形式); hoop:n.箍;环;圈;(篮球)篮圈,篮框; vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; beneath:prep.在…之下;adv.在下方; distinguish:vt.区分;辨别;使杰出,使表现突出;vi.区别,区分;辨别;
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| And to deploy with sniper-like precision these tiny jets of concentrated fertilizer , or herbicide , that incinerate the baby weeds. |
并如狙击手般精准部署 这些装有浓缩肥料 或除草剂的微型喷药器, 把杂草扼杀在摇篮里。 |
| I learned how robotics can end the practice of broadcast spraying chemicals across millions of acres of land and how we can reduce the use of herbicides by up to 90 percent. |
于是我了解到 机器人是如何终结了 在数百万亩地上 无差别的农药喷洒方式, 以及我们如何能减少 高达 90% 的除草剂使用。 |
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deploy:v.部署;利用;[军事]展开;(使)张开; precision:n.精度,[数]精密度;精确;adj.精密的,精确的; concentrated:adj.决心要做的; v.集中(注意力); (concentrate的过去式和过去分词) fertilizer:n.[肥料]肥料;受精媒介物;促进发展者; herbicide:n.[农药]除草剂; incinerate:vi.把…烧成灰;烧弃;vt.焚化;烧成灰; broadcast:v.广播; n.广播节目; adj.[无线]播音的; spraying:v.喷;喷洒;向…扫射(或抛洒);撒尿(以示领地占有);(spray的现在分词) chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数) herbicides:n.[农药]除草剂;除锈剂(herbicide的复数);
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| But the bigger picture is even more exciting. |
而更大的蓝图更振奋人心。 |
| Intelligent machines can treat plants individually , applying not just herbicides but fungicides and insecticides and fertilizers on a plant-by-plant, rather than field-by-field basis. |
智能机器能对植物进行逐一处理, 不仅可以使用除草剂, 还可以使用杀菌剂、杀虫剂 和肥料,对植物进行一对一处理, 而不是一块田一块田的广式喷洒。 |
| So that eventually , this kind of hyperspecific farming can allow for more diversity and intercropping on fields. |
久而久之, 这种超精准耕作 能给农田创造 更多的作物多样性和间作。 |
| And big farms can begin to mimic natural systems and improve soil health. |
大农场可以开始模拟自然系统 并改善土壤健康。 |
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Intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的 treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣; individually:adv.个别地,单独地; applying:v.申请,请求;使用;应用;(apply的现在分词) fungicides:n.[药]杀菌剂(fungicide的复数); insecticides:n.[农药]杀虫剂(insecticide的复数); fertilizers:n.[肥料]肥料(fertilizer的复数形式);化肥;底肥; eventually:adv.最后,终于; diversity:n.差异(性):多样性:多样化: intercropping:v.间作;n.间种作物;(intercrop的现在分词) mimic:vt.模仿,摹拟;n.效颦者,模仿者;仿制品;小丑;adj.模仿的,模拟的;假装的;
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| Heraud is the embodiment of third-way thinking, right? |
赫罗体现的不正是第三种途径吗？ |
| Robots, he told me, don't have to remove us from nature, they can bring us closer to it, they can restore it. |
他告诉我,机器人 不必非得将我们从自然中分离, 它们可以拉近并修复 我们与自然之间的关系。 |
| Increasing crop diversity will be crucial to building resilient food systems. |
增加作物多样性 对于建立有弹性的 粮食系统至关重要。 |
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embodiment:n.体现;化身;具体化; restore:v.恢复;修复;恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原; crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的;
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| And so will decentralizing agriculture so that when farmers in one region are disrupted , the others around, they can keep growing. |
同时还可以进行农业去中心化, 这样就算一个地区的农民们 被迫中断耕作, 周边地区的其他农民 仍可以继续耕作。 |
| The rise of vertical farms, like this farm, built inside a former steel mill in Newark , New Jersey, can play a key role in decentralizing agriculture. |
垂直农场的兴起, 比如这个建在新泽西州 纽瓦克一家废弃钢铁厂里的农场, 能在农业去中心化中 起到关键作用。 |
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decentralizing:vt.使分散;使分权;疏散;vi.分散集权;疏散;n.分散; region:n.地区;范围;部位; disrupted:破坏;使瓦解;使分裂;使中断;使陷于混乱(disrupt的过去分词形式); mill:n.磨坊;工厂;磨粉机;面粉厂;v.磨成粉; Newark:n.纽瓦克市(美国新泽西州港市);
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| Aeroponic farms use a tiny fraction of the water that is used in in-ground farms. |
航空农场的用水量只占 地下农场用水量的极小一部分。 |
| And they can grow food much faster, about 40 percent faster. |
而它们的粮食种植速度 却快了差不多 40%。 |
| And when located in and near cities, where the food is consumed, they eliminate a huge amount of trucking and food waste. |
当它们位于靠近 消费粮食的城市的时候, 可以大幅度减少运输和食物浪费。 |
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fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量; in-ground:掩埋式; located:adj.位于; v.确定…的准确地点; (locate的过去分词和过去式) eliminate:v.消除;排除;
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| It struck me at first as creepy in kind of a "Silent Running" way that we'd be growing our future fruits and vegetables inside, without soil or sun. |
起初,它以一种 “悄无声息的运行”的方式 令我毛骨悚然, 也就是说,未来我们将在 没有土壤和阳光的室内 种植水果和蔬菜。 |
| And after weeks of spending time in these plant factories, |
但在这些植物工厂呆了几周后, |
| I began to see it as oddly , almost perfectly natural to deliver the plants only and exactly what they need, with zero herbicides and radical efficiency . |
我开始看到它们能够神奇地, 甚至可以说是完全自然, 且恰到好处地给植物 输送它们所需要的养分, 不需要使用除草剂, 而且效率惊人。 |
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creepy:adj.令人毛骨悚然的;爬行的; oddly:adv.古怪地;奇妙地;单数地; efficiency:n.效率;效能;功效;
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| Here again, we see innovators borrowing from, and perhaps even elevating the wisdom of natural ecosystems . |
再一次,我们看到了 创新者们借鉴, 甚至是改进自然生态系统的智慧。 |
| Developments in plant-based and alternative meats are also profoundly hopeful. |
植物肉和肉类替代品方面的发展 也让人充满希望。 |
| And they follow a similar trend toward local, resilient, low-carbon protein production. |
它们朝着一个相似的趋势发展, 也就是本地化、弹性化、 低碳蛋白化的生产趋势。 |
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innovators:n.创新者;发明家签证;革新消费者(innovator的复数形式); elevating:adj.引人向上的;n.升降机构;v.使升高(elevate的现在分词形式);提起; ecosystems:n.生态系统(ecosystem的复数); alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地; trend:n.趋势;动向;趋向;动态;v.走向;趋向; low-carbon:adj.低碳(的),含碳低的;低碳; protein:n.蛋白质;
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| Consumers are excited about this, and during the pandemic, we've seen a 250 percent increase in demand for alternative meats. |
消费者对此很兴奋, 疫情期间, 我们看到了肉类替代品 高达 250% 的需求增长。 |
| A study by the Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that the participants who were eating the plant-based proteins saw a drop in their cholesterol levels, in their weight and eventually, a drop in their risk of heart disease . |
临床营养杂志的一项研究表明, 参与者中吃植物性蛋白质的人, 他们的胆固醇含量、 体重、 患心脏病的风险都有所降低。 |
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Consumers:n.消费者;顾客;用户;(consumer的复数) Journal:n.杂志;日记;日志;(用于报纸名)…报; Clinical:adj.临床的;诊所的; Nutrition:n.营养,营养学;营养品; participants:n.参与者(participant的复数形式); proteins:n.[生化]蛋白质(protein复数); cholesterol:n.[生化]胆固醇; disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病;
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| The potential environmental benefits of plant-based meats are astounding . |
素肉的潜在环境效益令人震惊。 |
| And there's even potential in lab-grown or cell-based meats. |
甚至连培植肉或者说试管肉 都充满发展潜力。 |
| Uma Valeti fed me my first plate of lab-grown duck breast, harvested fresh from a bioreactor . |
乌玛·瓦莱蒂（Uma Valeti ）给我品尝了 我人生第一盘实验室培植的鸭肉, 是从生物反应器中新鲜培植出来的, |
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potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; astounding:adj.令人震惊的;使大吃一惊的;v.使震惊;使大惊;(astound的现在分词) bioreactor:n.[细胞]生物反应器;
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| It had been grown from a small sampling of cells taken from muscle tissue and fat and connective tissues , which is exactly what we eat when we eat meat. |
由从肌肉组织、 脂肪和结缔组织中 提取的一小部分细胞生长而成, 也就是我们吃肉时 真正所吃的东西。 |
| This lab-grown or cell-based duck meat has very little threat of bacterial contamination , it's about 85 percent lower CO2 emissions associated with it. |
这种实验室培植或者说试管鸭肉 几乎没有细胞污染的威胁, 与之相关的二氧化碳排放 也减少了约 85％。 |
| Eventually it can be grown like those crops inside vertical farms in decentralized facilities that aren't vulnerable to supply-chain disruptions. |
久而久之,它可以 像那些垂直农场上 去中心化设施里的玉米一样 不会轻易受供应链破坏的影响。 |
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muscle:n.肌肉;力量;v.加强;使劲搬动;使劲挤出; connective:adj.连合的,连接的;n.连接词;连接物; tissues:n.纸巾,手巾纸;(人、动植物细胞的)组织;(tissue的复数) contamination:n.污染,玷污;污染物; emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数) associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式) decentralized:adj.分散的; vt.使分散; facilities:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;(facility的复数)
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| Valeti started out as a cardiologist , who understood that doctors have been developing human and animal tissues in laboratories for decades. |
瓦莱蒂是一名心脏病学专家, 他深知科研人员已经在实验室 研发人类和动物组织几十年了。 |
| He was inspired as much by that as he was by a 1931 quote from Winston Churchill that says, "We shall escape the absurdity of growing the whole chicken in order to eat the breast or the wing, by growing them separately in suitable mediums ." |
那些科研以及 1931 年温斯顿·丘吉尔所说的一句话 都使他深受启发, “我们应该摒弃 为了吃鸡胸肉或鸡翅 而养整只鸡的荒谬方法, 而要以在适当介质中 分开培育的方法取而代之。” |
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cardiologist:n.心脏病学家;心脏病科医师; laboratories:n.实验室;(laboratory的复数) inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) quote:v.引用;报价;举例说明;开价;为(企业的股份)上市;n.引用; Churchill:n.邱吉尔(英国政治家及作家); absurdity:n.荒谬;谬论;荒谬的言行; separately:adv.分别地;分离地;个别地; suitable:adj.合适的;适宜的;适当的;适用的; mediums:n.手段;材料;媒介;环境;女巫(medium的复数形式);
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| Like Heraud, Valeti is a quintessential third-way thinker. |
和赫罗一样,瓦莱蒂是一个 精明的第三种途径思考者。 |
| He's reimagined an old idea using new technology , to usher in a solution whose time has come. |
他利用新科技重新构想了旧点子, 开辟了一种新的解决办法, 也是时候这么干了。 |
| I've met with dozens of farmers and entrepreneurs and engineers who emulate third-way thinking, all over the world. |
我见过几十个农民、 企业家和工程师, 正在全世界范围内 效仿第三种途径的思考方式。 |
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quintessential:adj.精髓的,精萃的; reimagined:重新想象;再回味(reimagine的过去分词) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; usher:v.引入;引领;引导;把…引往;n.引座员;(法院的)传达员,门卫;男傧相; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; emulate:vt.仿真;模仿;尽力赶上;同…竞争;n.仿真;仿效;
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| They're using modern breeding tools like CRISPR to develop nutritious heirloom crops that can withstand drought and heat. |
他们在利用现代育种工具, 比如基因编辑技术, 开发有营养且可以 承受干旱和高温的祖传作物。 |
| They're using AI to make aquaculture sustainable. |
他们利用人工智能 实现可持续水产养殖, |
| They're finding ways to eliminate food waste. |
并在寻找方法解决食物浪费问题。 |
| They are scaling up conservation agriculture and managed grazing . |
他们正在扩大 保护性农业和管理放牧, |
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breeding:n.繁殖;饲养;教养;再生;v.生产;培育;使…繁殖;(breed的现在分词) nutritious:adj.有营养的,滋养的; heirloom:n.传家宝;世代相传之物; withstand:vt.抵挡;禁得起;反抗;vi.反抗; aquaculture:n.[水产]水产养殖;水产业; scaling:n.缩放比例; v.剥落; conservation:n.保存,保持;保护; grazing:n.牧场;草场;v."graze"的现在分词;
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| And they're reviving ancient plants, and they're recycling sewage and gray water to develop a drought-proof water supply . |
同时恢复古老的植物, 回收污水和废水, 为抗旱供水。 |
| The upshot is this: |
结论就是, |
| Human innovation that marries old and new approaches to food production can, and I believe, will usher in this third way and redefine sustainable food on a grand scale. |
我相信,结合了 新旧食物生产方法的人类创新 能够,也将会开辟这第三种途径, 并在大范围内 重新定义可持续食品。 |
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reviving:v.(使)苏醒,复活;使重做;重新上演;(revive的现在分词) recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词); sewage:n.污水;下水道;污物; water supply:供水; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; redefine:vt.重新定义;
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