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AlokSharma_2021T-_为什么cop26是我们实现一个更环保未来的最佳机会_
I'm here, in the heart of London's financial district, the Square Mile . 我现在正在伦敦的金融中心, the Square Mile。
This is the area where I worked at the start of my investment-banking career in the '90s, as a fresh-faced youth. 在 90 年代,我就是在这里开始了 我的投行事业, 我当时还是行内的新面孔。
But if you told me then that I would end up as COP26 president, 但如果你那时候告诉我, 我会最终成为 COP26 的主席,
financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; Square Mile:n.平方英里城(指伦敦金融城)(银行和金融业的聚集地); career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; fresh-faced:面带稚气的;
I think I'd have asked you what COP26 was. 我可能会问 “什么是 COP26 ？”
It's the 26th United Nations climate conference and it's taking place in the UK. 它就是第26届第联合国气候变化大会, 并且在英国举办。
But forget the technical terms. 请先别管这些术语。
What COP26 really stands for is our last chance to avoid the worst effects of climate change. COP26 真正代表的是 我们避免气候变化 最坏影响的最后机会。
And I'll come back to that later. 我过一会儿会回到这个话题。
United Nations:n.联合国; conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会) technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的;
The point is that when I began my career in banking, climate didn't feature particularly highly , certainly not in finance , and not so much in the rest of the country either. 重点是当我开始我的投行事业时, 气候并未受到很多关注, 金融界未对其多留心, 而国家的其他领域也是这样。
In the '90s, there was a guy called Swampy , who spent time occupying trees and tunnels , and he was the main face of climate action in the United Kingdom . 在90年代,有一位叫 斯旺皮（Swampy）的环保主义者, 他花了很多时间占领树木和隧道 来抗议气候变化, 他是英国气候行动的主要面孔。
particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; finance:n.财政,财政学;金融;v.负担经费,供给…经费; Swampy:adj.沼泽的;湿地的;沼泽多的;松软的; occupying:v.占用;使用;居住;占领;占据;(occupy的现在分词) tunnels:n.[交]隧道; v.凿隧道; United Kingdom:n.英国;
But, you know, things change. 但是事态常变。
I remember being on a flight in the late 2000s 我记得在 2000 年代后期, 我乘飞机时
And I rarely watch an entire film, but this one I watched twice on the same flight. 我很少看完整部电影, 但我在飞机上将这部纪录片 整整看了两遍。
And I remember sitting on the plane afterwards thinking about my young daughters and what future I wanted for them. 记得看完后的我,坐在飞机上 想着我的年幼的女儿们 以及我想要给她们一个怎样的未来。
So fast forward 14 years or so, and my entire professional life is now dedicated to getting the world to tackle the climate crisis . 快进14年左右, 现在,我的整个职业生涯都投入了 让世界联手应对气候危机。
rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地; professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员; dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式) tackle:v.处理; n.用具; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
I witnessed the terrible effects that the crisis is already having in developing countries amongst people who, quite frankly, have done the very least to cause it. 我目睹了这场危机 对发展中国家造成的可怕影响, 而那里的居民没有做什么事 造成这场气候危机。
And I think about that injustice a lot. 我经常思考这种不公正。
Really a lot. 时时刻刻。
And that journey that I've made is just one example of a much broader shift over the past 30 years. 我的经历是 近30年的广泛转变中的一个例子,
One that has seen climate move from the margins to the mainstream in business, in government, in finance and indeed amongst the public. 见证了气候问题从边缘走向主流, 这发生在在商业界、政府 金融界,以及在社会上[02:06]
witnessed:v.当场看到,目击;见证;作证;(witness的过去式和过去分词) amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); injustice:n.不公正;不讲道义; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换; margins:n.边缘; v.给…镶边; (margin的复数) mainstream:n.主流;
And it's that shift that makes me hopeful on climate, despite the scale of the challenge that we face, which frankly is huge. 这使我对气候问题变得有希望, 尽管我们面临的挑战规模, 坦率地说,是巨大的。
Now, the science shows that to avoid the worst effects of climate change, we must limit the rise in average global temperature to 1.5 degrees centigrade . 现在科学表明, 为了避免气候变化的最坏影响, 我们必须限制全球平均温度的上升 在1.5度摄氏度以内。
That if temperatures rise higher, the risk of species extinction and catastrophic impacts on human lives increases dramatically . 如果温度上升更高, 物种灭绝以及对人类生活的灾难性影响 发生的概率将会急剧增加。
despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; centigrade:adj.摄氏的;[仪]摄氏温度的;百分度的; species:n.[生物]物种;种类; extinction:n.绝种; catastrophic:adj.灾难的;悲惨的;灾难性的,毁灭性的; impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用; dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地;
And we risk kickstarting feedback loops with the consequences of climate change, like melting permafrost , release even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere , making it even harder to wrestle the crisis under control. 而我们会冒险触发反馈循环 造成气候变化恶果, 像融化永冻层, 向大气层释放更多的温室气体, 让控制气候危机更加困难。
Now, to keep 1.5-degree limits alive, we've got to halve global emissions by 2030. 为了保持 1.5 度的限制, 我们必须在2030年之前 将全球的排放量减半。
That's right, halve. 是的,减半。
That is a huge undertaking . 这是项巨大工程。
But, you know, I'm hopeful because climate is now mainstream and that is turning the global economy green. 但是,我对此抱有希望 因为气候问题变得主流 并在转变全球经济更绿色发展。[03:11]
feedback:n.反馈;反馈意见;回授;[电子]反馈; loops:n.[计]循环(loop复数); v.使...成环,以圈结,以环连结(loop的第三人称单数形式); consequences:n.后果,结果;影响(consequence的复数); melting:adj.感人的;v.(使)熔化,融化;(melt的现在分词) permafrost:n.永久冻土,永久冻地;永久冻结带;永久冰冻; release:v.释放;发射;让与;允许发表;n.释放;发布;让与; greenhouse:n.温室;暖房; atmosphere:n.大气;气氛;气压;风格; wrestle:n.摔跤;搏斗;斗争;v.摔跤;斗争;斟酌; halve:vt.二等分;把…减半; emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数) undertaking:n.事业;企业;保证;殡仪业;v.同意;担任;许诺;(undertake的现在分词) economy:n.经济;节约;理财;
Increasingly , the Swampies of the world, they're not protesting in trees and tunnels, they're all around us in the boardrooms as well as the classrooms. 而更多世界上的“斯旺皮”, 他们不在树边或隧道里抗议, 他们就在我们身边, 在董事会或教室。
In government departments and on trading floors all around the world. 在全世界的政府部门和交易大厅。
In every country that I visit as COP president, 我作为 COP 的主席 到访过的每个国家
I meet young people and activists. 我都会遇见年轻人和社会活动家。
And everywhere I see the same passion and the commitment to act on climate. 我在每处都看到同样的激情 以及对气候采取行动的承诺。[03:35]
Increasingly:adv.越来越多地;渐增地; protesting:v.(公开)反对;抗议;坚决地表示;申辩;(protest的现在分词) boardrooms:n.董事会会议室;(boardroom的复数) as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; COP:v.遭受;忍受;注意到;n.警察; passion:n.激情;热情;酷爱;盛怒; commitment:n.承诺;投入;保证;许诺;
Companies in every sector are throwing themselves behind a clean, green future, and rocketing public concern is encouraging governments and businesses to act. 各行各业的公司都在投身 于清洁、绿色的未来, 飞速增长的公众关注 也在鼓励政府和企业采取行动。
And shareholders , they're forcing companies to change. 而股东们也推动公司做出改变。
And the move to clean technology is accelerating faster than anyone anticipated . 而清洁科技的发展速度 比任何人预期的都要快。
I mean, let's take the sale of clean cars and vans that outstripping predictions . 就拿无污染汽车和货车来说, 它们销量以远远超出预计。
sector:n.部门;扇形,扇区;象限仪;函数尺;vt.把…分成扇形; concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; shareholders:n.[金融]股东,投资者;股民(shareholder的复数); technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; accelerating:adj.促进的,[物]加速的;催化的; anticipated:adj.预期的; v.预期; (anticipate的过去式和过去分词) vans:n.先锋;前卫;大蓬货车(van的复数); outstripping:vt.超过;胜过;比…跑得快(outstrip的变形); predictions:n.预测,预言(prediction复数形式);
Solar and wind power are now cheaper than coal and gas in most of the world. 在大部分地区,太阳能和风能 比煤炭和天然气便宜。
And three times as much solar power was built in 2020 than analysts predicted just back in 2015. 而在 2020 年所建的太阳能比 分析师在 2015 年的预测多了三倍。
In my old industry, finance, climate is now mainstream, too. 在我之前所处的金融行业 气候问题也变主流了。
And there is a simple reason for that. 原因很简单。
Investors try to predict the future. 投资者会试着预测未来。
Because if you can do that, you can make money. 如果你预测成功, 便能赚到很多钱。[04:28]
analysts:n.分析师;分析家;[分化]分析员(analyst的复数); predicted:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的过去分词和过去式)
And increasingly, they think the future is green. 越来越多的投资者认为 未来会更环保的。
More and more financial firms are committing to make their investments consistent with a 1.5-degree world. 越来越多的金融公司承诺 他们的投资将帮助维持 1.5 度的世界。
And investors are asking for much higher returns from coal power than they are from renewables because they're worried that coal power stations are going to become worthless . 投资者对燃煤发电的回报要求 远高于对可再生能源的要求, 因为他们担心煤电厂 之后会变得不值钱。
committing:v.做出;犯罪或错等;自杀;承诺,保证;(commit的现在分词) investments:n.[经]投资,投资的财产;投资学;(investment的复数) consistent:adj.始终如一的,一致的;坚持的; renewables:n.可再生能源(renewable的复数); worthless:adj.无价值的;不值钱的;卑微的;
In February 2020, when I helped launch our COP26 finance campaign here in the Square Mile to get finance moving to climate action, the place was packed to the rafters . 在 2020 年的二月份, 我在伦敦金融区协助启动 COP26 融资活动 希望将更多资金转移到气候行动上, 现场人山人海。
You know, when I worked in banking, certainly at the start, the room would have been near empty. 如果这活动开展于我刚入行的时候, 现场肯定门可罗雀。
And what all of this adds up to, this mainstreaming of climate, is a quiet revolution in the global economy. 将我所提到的加起来 气候问题的主流化 是在全球经济的一个安静变革。
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; rafters:n.椽子;v.给…装椽子;把(木材)作成椽子;(rafter的第三人称单数和复数) mainstreaming:n.主流化;回归主流;
A green industrial revolution is underway , taking us to a clean future, showing that we can create jobs and prosperity without harming the planet. 一场绿色工业革命正在进行中, 并会带我们走向清洁的未来, 并证明人们可以在不伤害地球的前提下 创造工作和繁荣。
Our challenge is that it's not going fast enough. 我们面临的挑战就是 这个变革发展得不够快。
Limiting temperature rises to 1.5 degrees requires us to move much faster. 为了将温度限制在 1.5 度以内 需要我们加快进度。
And we can only succeed if we act now and we work together to speed up the shift to our green future. 想要成功的话, 我们必须现在开始行动 齐心协力加快 向绿色未来的发展。
industrial revolution:n.工业革命; underway:adj.进行中的;起步的;航行中的;n.[公路]水底通道; prosperity:n.繁荣,成功;
And that's what COP26 really stands for. 这才是 COP26 的真正意义。
Now, in the run up to the conference and at the conference itself, we need governments to take the lead and get the green transition moving faster to keep 1.5 degrees alive. 在会议准备期间和开始后, 我们需要政府们带头加快环保转型 来保持 1.5 度的承诺。
We need them to set targets to reduce emissions, to make this the COP that consigns coal power to history where it belongs. 我们需要政府制定减排目标, 在本届 COP上, 让煤炭发电成为历史,
The COP that signals the end of polluting vehicles , the COP that calls time on deforestation . 标志排污车辆终结, 以及叫停森林砍伐。
run up to:跑到;达到;积累到; transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡; consigns:v.委托;(商)托运;托卖;用作;(consign的第三人称单数) vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数) deforestation:n.采伐森林;森林开伐;
We need developed countries to deliver the finance they have promised developing countries. 我们需要发达国家提供 他们之前向发展中国家承诺的资金。
And we need to help protect people and nature from the impact of our changing climate. 而我们也需要帮助保护人类和大自然 免受气候变化的影响。
And we need to work together as one planet to agree how we're going to meet the scale of the climate challenge and to get every sector going green. 全球人类需要齐心协力 就如何应对气候挑战达成一致, 并确保每一个行业变得更环保。
Now, this isn't going to be easy. 这并不是一件简单的事。
First, because our understanding of the climate is developing all the time. 第一,我们对气候的认知 每时每刻都在发展。
And as the science tells us, we need to move faster. 并且,科学告诉了我们, 我们需要加快脚步。
We're going to have to respond . 我们需要做出回应。
Second, getting people to agree can be challenging. 第二,让人们达成共识是挺难的。
And at COP26, we have almost 200 countries. 在 COP26, 有将近 200 多国家参会。
And all of the UK is leading this process . 虽然英国现正引领这一进程,
It's up to all of us to find solutions together. 这最终取决于 所有人一起寻找解决方案。[07:04]
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
It's like hosting a disco , a bop. 它就像举办迪斯科舞会。
And look, I apologize that these terms show my age, but you can get a hall and you can hire a DJ, but to make it work, your friends have to turn up and dance. 看,我很抱歉, 这些老土的词汇暴露了我的年龄, 你可以预约一个舞厅, 请到一名DJ, 但只有你的朋友们到场并跳舞, 这才是场成功的舞会。
hosting:v.主办,主持;主持;做东;(host的现在分词) disco:n.迪斯科舞厅;的士高;
And so it will be tough, but we simply cannot afford to fail. 这是场艰难的战斗, 但我们已无法承担失败了。
The stakes are just too high. 风险太高了。
And when ex-bankers like me lie awake thinking about climate change, when activists and businesses around the world have moved climate to the mainstream, we can all be hopeful. 当像我这样的前银行家 夜不能寐思考气候变化, 当全球的环保活动家和企业 将气候问题视为主流, 我们都可以满怀希望。
afford:v.给予,提供;买得起; stakes:n.桩; v.以…打赌,拿…冒险;
A green revolution is on the march. 一个环保的革命正在起步。
The clean future is within our grasp , but we need to actively pull it forward. 清洁的未来近在咫尺, 但我们需要积极推动它向前。
And we need world leaders to take this chance to turn hope into certainty , to mold the future, to come together at COP26, and to continue my disco analogy , dance. 我们需要各国领导抓住本次机会 把希望改变成现实 塑造未来, 在 COP26 上团结一致, 延续我的舞会比喻,一起“跳舞”。
grasp:n.抓住;理解;控制;v.抓住;领会; certainty:n.必然;确实;确实的事情; mold:n.模具;模型;霉菌;类型;v.用可塑材料塑成;浇铸;发霉; analogy:n.类比;类推;类似;
Thank you. 谢谢。