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AlejandroDuran_2019S-_我如何用艺术应对海洋中的塑料污染_-
This is Sian Ka'an. 这里是锡安卡恩。
Just south of Tulum on Mexico's Caribbean coast, it's a federally protected reserve , a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most biodiverse regions on the planet. 它位于墨西哥加勒比海沿岸的 图鲁姆以南。 这是一个联邦环境保护区, 属于联合国教科文组织自然遗产, 也是世界上生物多样性 最丰富的地区之一。
Caribbean:adj.加勒比海的;加勒比人的;加勒比语的;n.加勒比海; federally:adv.联邦地;联邦政府地;同盟地; reserve:n.储备,储存; vt.储备; vi.预订; World Heritage Site:n.世界遗产保护区; biodiverse:生物多类状态的;生物多样的; regions:n.地区;地域;行政区;左近;(region的复数)
But when I first visited in 2010, 但当我在 2010 年第一次到访时,
I was horrified and completely confused as to why the beach was covered in trash . 我吓坏了,也非常困惑: 为什么垃圾遍布海滩？
horrified:adj.惊骇的;带有恐怖感的;v.惊骇(horrify的过去式和过去分词);使…战悚; confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式) trash:n.垃圾;废物;v.丢弃;修剪树枝;
I soon realized that it was floating in from all over the world. 我很快意识到这些垃圾 来自世界各地。
I've since returned, after that first journey , several times a year to visit Sian Ka'an, to the country of my birth, to work with this trash. 在第一次到访后,我每年 都会多次 来到锡安卡恩,回到我出生的国家, 处理那里的垃圾。
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
And so far, on six continents , all washing ashore in this paradise in Mexico. 到目前为止, 和领土的垃圾, 它们被冲到墨西哥 这个犹如天堂般的海岸上。
continents:n.[地理]大陆,大洲(continent复数); ashore:adv.在岸上;向岸;adj.在岸上的;在陆上的; paradise:n.天堂;至福境地;
Although I can never know where a product was dropped, 虽然我永远不会知道 垃圾是在哪里被丢弃的,
I can, at times, based on the label , know where something was made. 但偶尔我能从标签上 知道到它的产地。
label:n.标签;标记;谓;唱片公司;v.贴标签于;用标签标明;
In red, you see all of the countries represented by their trash in Sian Ka'an. 标红的都是锡安卡恩垃圾 的来源国。
represented:v.代表; (represent的过去式和过去分词)
Such as these Haitian butter containers in all shapes and sizes, 比如来自海地的 形状大小各异的黄油罐,
Haitian:adj.海地的;海地人的;n.海地人;海地语;
Jamaican water bottles. 来自牙买加的水瓶,
Jamaican:adj.牙买加的;牙买加人的;n.牙买加人;
Not surprisingly , a lot of the stuff is from neighboring Caribbean countries, but the stuff is from everywhere. 意料之中的,许多垃圾 来自邻近的加勒比国家, 但全球各地的都有。
surprisingly:adv.令人惊讶地;出乎意料地 stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: neighboring:adj.邻近的;接壤的;v.邻近;使接近;位于…附近;(neighbor的现在分词)
Here's a sampling of international water bottles. 这是各国水瓶的样本。
And one of the ironies is that a lot of what I'm finding are products for cleaning and beautification , such as this item from the United States, which is actually made to protect your plastic, 讽刺的是,我找到的许多垃圾 是清洁和美容产品, 比如来自美国的这个产品, 事实上是用于保护塑料的。
ironies:n.讽刺;反语;具有讽刺意味的事;adj.铁的;似铁的; beautification:n.美化;[建]装饰; item:n.条款,项目;一则;一件商品(或物品);adj.又,同上; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
(Laughter) （笑声）
shampoo from South Korea, bleach from Costa Rica and a Norwegian toilet cleaner. 来自韩国的洗发水, 来自哥斯达黎加的漂白剂, 和来自挪威的厕所清洁剂。
shampoo:n.洗头水;洗发液;香波;洗涤剂;v.洗头发; bleach:n.漂白剂;v.(使)变白,漂白,晒白,退色 Costa:n.[解剖]肋骨;叶脉;[昆]前缘脉; Norwegian:adj.挪威的;挪威人的;挪威语的;n.挪威人;挪威语;
And it's items that are all very familiar to us, or at least I hope you're familiar with these toothbrushes . 这些是我们每个人都很熟悉的产品, 至少我想各位都熟悉这些牙刷。
items:n.项目;一件商品(或物品);一则,一条(新闻)(item的复数) familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; toothbrushes:n.[轻]牙刷(toothbrush的复数);
(Laughter) （笑声）
Kitchen utensils . 厨房用具,
utensils:n.餐具;[轻]器具;炊具(utensil的复数);
Toys. 玩具,
I'm also finding evidence of burning plastic trash, which releases cancer-causing fumes into the air. 我也找到了燃烧塑料垃圾的证据, 这会向大气释放致癌的刺激性气体。
evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明; releases:n.释放; vt.释放; fumes:n.烟气;激动;空想的事物(fume的复数);v.蒸发;冒烟;发怒(fume的三单形式);
People ask what's the most interesting item that I've found, and that's by far this prosthetic leg. 人们问我找到的 最有趣的东西是什么, 目前为止是这个假肢。
prosthetic:adj.假体的;非朊基的;
And in the background, if you can see that blue little bottle cap, at the time that I found it, it was actually the home to this little hermit crab . 背景中有个蓝色的小瓶盖, 找到它的时候, 它已经是这只 小小的寄居蟹的家了。
hermit crab:n.寄生蟹;
This guy is so cute. 太可爱了。
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Laughter) （笑声）
And it's these fascinating objects, but also horrifying objects, each with their own history, that I use to make my ephemeral , environmental artworks . 这些有趣迷人、 但同时也令人惊恐的物品, 每一个都有自己的过往, 它们被我用来制作 临时的环保艺术品。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词) horrifying:adj.令人极其震惊的;v.惊吓;使厌恶;(horrify的现在分词) ephemeral:adj.短暂的;朝生暮死的;n.只生存一天的事物; artworks:艺术品(artwork的名词复数);
And it all started with this image in February of 2010, when I first visited Sian Ka'an. 一切都始于 2010 年 2 月的这张图, 那时我第一次前往锡安卡恩。
I noticed that blue was the most prevalent color among the plastic. 我注意到蓝色 是塑料最常见的颜色,
prevalent:adj.流行的;普遍的,广传的;
Purple is actually the most rare color. It's kind of like gold to me. 紫色是最稀有的颜色。 对我来说就像金子一样稀有。
Purple:n.紫色;紫袍;v.变紫;使成紫色;adj.紫色的;华丽的文辞;
But blue is the most prevalent, and so I gathered some of the blues and made this little arrangement in front of the blue sky and blue Caribbean waters. 蓝色最为常见, 因此我收集了一些蓝色物件, 把他们摆放在蓝色的天空 和蓝色的加勒比海前面。
arrangement:n.安排;筹备;布置;商定;约定;改编乐曲;
And when I took a photograph and looked at the test shot, it was like a lightning bolt hit me in that moment, and I knew I was going to have to come back 我拍了照,看了看照片, 那一瞬间我仿佛被闪电击中, 我知道我一定会再回来,
lightning:n.闪电;adj.闪电般的;飞快的;突然的 bolt:n.螺栓; v.狼吞虎咽; v.突然;
to create a whole series of installations on location and photograph them. 在这里创造一系列的装置艺术, 并给它们拍照。
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; installations:n.[军]设施;装置(installation的复数形式);[机]设备; location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位
So this turned out to be a sketch for a work that I completed three years later. 这成了一个草稿, 之后我花了 3 年 完成了一整套作品。
sketch:n.素描;草图;速写;概述;v.概述;简述;画素描;画速写;
I had no idea that almost 10 years later, almost a decade later, I'd still be working on it. 我那时并不知道,近 10 年后, 我还在继续做这个项目。
But the problem persists . 但问题仍然存在。
persists:vi.存留,坚持;持续,固执;vt.坚持说,反复说;
So I'm going to show you some of the images from the series that I called "Washed Up: Transforming a Trashed Landscape ." 我向大家展示一些图片, 它们是我命名为《冲刷上岸: 转变垃圾景观》系列中的一部分。
images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) Transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词) Trashed:v.损坏;抨击;谴责;丢弃;(trash的过去分词和过去式) Landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
Please keep in mind that I do not paint the garbage . 请记住,垃圾不是我画上去的。
keep in mind:记住; garbage:n.垃圾;废物;
I'm collecting it and organizing it by color on the same beaches where I find it. 我收集了垃圾并按颜色组合, 放置在它们被发现的海滩上。
organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词)
This is my precious trash pile as seen in 2015 after putting on a first edition of the "Museo de la Basura," 这是我 2015 年收集的 一块珍贵的垃圾堆, 之前用它完成了我第一版 的”Museo de la Basura ,
precious:adj.宝贵的;珍贵的;矫揉造作的; pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置; first edition:n.(书籍的)第一版;
or "Museum of Garbage." 也就是“垃圾博物馆”。
It's fully my intention to care for this garbage, to exalt it, put it on a pedestal and to curate it. 我的目的是整理这些垃圾, 变废为宝, 放在台上, 展出它们。
intention:n.意图;目的;意向;愈合; exalt:vt.提升;提拔;赞扬;使得意;vi.使人得意; pedestal:n.基架,基座;基础;vt.搁在台上;支持;加座; curate:n.助理牧师;副牧师;
We have all seen devastating images of animals dying with plastic in their bellies . 我们都看过骇人的图片, 图片中动物因为 胃里的塑料而奄奄一息。
devastating:adj.毁灭性的; v.毁灭; (devastate的现在分词) bellies:n.腹部; v.张满; (belly的第三人称单数和复数)
And it's so important for us to really see those and to take those in. 真正看到那些图片,并有所感触, 非常重要。
But it's by making aesthetic -- some might say beautiful -- arrangements out of the world's waste, that I'm trying to hook the viewer to draw in those that might be numb to the horrors of the world and give them a different way to understand what's happening. 但通过艺术性的—— 一些人会认为是美丽的——手法 安置世界上的垃圾; 我试图吸引观看者, 吸引那些可能已经对 世界上各种骇人现象感到的人, 为他们提供新的角度理解现状。
aesthetic:adj.美的;美学的;审美的,具有审美趣味的; arrangements:n.安排;筹备;布置;商定;(arrangement的复数) hook:n.钩;挂钩;鱼钩;钓钩;v.挂住;箍住;钓(鱼);打曲线球; horrors:n.震惊;恐惧;厌恶;;令人厌恶的性质;(horror的复数)
Some have described the Great Pacific Garbage Patch as an island twice the size of Texas, but I've been told that it's hard to see because it's more like a smog. 一些人说太平洋垃圾带是一座 面积相当于两个德克萨斯的岛屿, 但我听说很难看到它, 因为它更像是一片迷雾。
described:v.描述;形容;把…称为;做…运动;(describe的过去分词和过去式) Patch:n.补丁;小片;眼罩;色斑;v.修补;打补丁;缝补;
So through my artwork, 因此我通过自己的艺术品,
I attempt to depict the reality of what's happening with our environment and to make the invisible visible. 试图描述环境中正在发生的事实, 并让不可见变为可见。
attempt:n.企图,试图;攻击;v.企图,试图;尝试; depict:vt.描述;描画; invisible:adj.看不见的;n.看不见的人或物;
My key question at first, after starting the project, was, "What do I do with the garbage when I'm done?" 在项目开始后,我的第一个问题是, “完成之后,我如何处理垃圾呢？”
I was told by some that it could be damaged goods after traveling across the ocean and being exposed to the elements , that it could become degraded and potentially ruin a batch of recycling . 一些人告诉我, 它们可能是损坏的货物, 漂流过了大洋,暴露在自然环境中, 它可能会降解, 损坏一批本来能回收利用的垃圾。
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) degraded:adj.退化的; v.分解; (degrade的过去分词和过去式) potentially:adv.可能地,潜在地; ruin:n.废墟;毁坏;灭亡;v.毁灭;使破产; batch:n.一批;一炉;一次所制之量;v.分批处理; recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
The landfill was not a happy resting place , either. 填埋场也不是个好去处。
landfill:n.垃圾填埋地;垃圾堆; resting place:n.(委婉说法,与grave同义)坟墓;休息处;
And then finally , it dawned on me, after all of the effort by me and all of the people who have helped me collect and organize and clean this trash, that I should keep it. 最后,我突然想到, 在我和帮助我的人花费大量精力 收集、整理和清理这些垃圾后, 我应该把它们留下。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; dawned:n.天亮了;v.破晓(dawn的过去分词); organize:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;
And so that's the plan, to use it and to reuse it endlessly to make more artwork and to engage communities in environmental art-making. 这就是我的计划, 不断地重复使用它们, 做出更多艺术品, 让更多的社区参与到 制作环保艺术中来。
endlessly:adv.不断地;无穷尽地; engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
This is an example of a community-based artwork that we did last year with the local youth of Punta Allen in Sian Ka'an. 这是我们去年完成 的社区参与的艺术品, 参与者是锡安卡恩当地青年—— 蓬塔·艾伦。
community-based:adj.社区的;以社区为基础的;
A key part of the community work are the beach cleans and education programming. 社区工作的重要部分之一 是清理海岸, 和设立教育项目。
And as this community around the project grows and as my trash collection grows, 随着项目相关的社区不断扩大, 我收集的垃圾越来越多,
I really believe that the impact will as well. 这也让我相信, 我们的影响力也会越来越大。
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
And so, over the years, 因此,多年来,
I've become a little obsessed with my trash collection. 我有点沉迷于我的垃圾收藏。
obsessed:v.使痴迷;使迷恋;使着迷;(obsess的过去式和过去分词)
I pack it into suitcases and travel with it. 我把它打包进行李箱出门旅行,
suitcases:n.(旅行用的)手提箱;(suitcase的复数)
I take it on vacation with me. 我带上它和我一起度假。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And in the latest work, 在最新的作品中,
I've begun to break the two-dimensional plane of the photograph. 我开始打破摄影的平面局限性。
two-dimensional:adj.二维的;缺乏深度的;
I'm really excited about this new work. 我对新的作品感到非常激动。
I see these as living artworks that will morph and grow over time. 它们都是有生命的艺术品, 随时间流逝不断变化增长。
morph:n.词态;语素;变体;vt.在屏幕上变换图像;改变;
Although my greatest wish is that I run out of the raw material for this work, we're not there yet. 虽然我最大的希望是 把这些艺术品 的原材料用完, 但这尚未实现。
run out of:用完; raw material:n.原料;
So in the next phase of the project, 因此在这个项目的下一阶段,
phase:n.阶段;时期;月相;(月亮的)盈亏;v.分阶段进行;逐步做;
I plan on continuing the community work and making my own work at a much larger scale , because the problem is massive . 我将继续社区工作, 扩大工作规模, 因为问题巨大。
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
Eight million tons of plastic waste enter our oceans every year, destroying ecosystems . 每年有八百万吨塑料进入大洋, 破坏生态系统。
ecosystems:n.生态系统(ecosystem的复数);
Right now, as I speak, there's literally an oil spill of plastic happening. 在我讲话的当下, 塑料正如石油一般泄露。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: spill:v.溢出;涌出;蜂拥而出;n.跌落;洒出(量);泼出(量);溢出(量);
I see this project as a plea for help and a call to action. 这个项目是在请求帮助和呼吁行动,
plea:n.请求;恳求;答辩;借口;
Our health and future is inextricably linked to that of our oceans. 我们的健康和未来与 海洋密不可分。
inextricably:adv.逃不掉地;解不开地;解决不了地;
I call the project "Washed Up: Transforming a Trashed Landscape," 我命名这个项目为 《冲刷上岸:转变垃圾景观》,
but it's actually transformed me and made me rethink my own behaviors and consumption . 而事实上它改变了我, 并让我重新思考自己的行为和消费。
transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式) rethink:v.重新考虑;再想;n.重新考虑;反思;新想法; consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨;
And if it can help anybody else gain more awareness , then it will have been worthwhile . 如果它也能帮助他人提高环保意识, 那就值得了。
awareness:n.意识,认识;明白,知道; worthwhile:adj.值得做的,值得花时间的;
Thank you so much. 非常感谢。
(Applause) （掌声）