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AlSeckel_2004-_人脑是纠结的_
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| We're going to talk -- my -- a new lecture , just for TED -- and I'm going show you some illusions that we've created for TED, and I'm going to try to relate this to happiness. What I was thinking about with happiness is, what gives happiness -- or happiness, which I equate with joy in my |
我今天的演讲 是特别为TED准备的 我会展示一些特别为TED制作的幻象 并将试着把这些幻象和幸福相关联 我曾想幸福是什么,什么给人幸福 幸福对我来说等同于快乐 |
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lecture:n.演讲;讲座;讲课;谴责;v.开讲座;讲授;讲课;指责;告诫 illusions:n.幻想;错觉;幻觉;幻影(illusion的复数) what gives:出了什么事; equate:vt.使相等;视为平等;vi.等同;
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| particular area, and I think there's something very fundamental . And I was thinking about this. And it's in terms of both illusions and movies that we go see and jokes and magic shows is that there's something about these things where our expectations are violated in some sort of pleasing way. You go see a movie. And it has an unexpected twist -- something that you didn't expect -- and you find a joyful experience. You look at those sort of illusions in my book and it's not what you'd expect. And there's something joyful about it. And it's the same thing with jokes and and all these sorts of things. So, what I'm going to try and do in my lecture is a go a little bit further and see if I can violate your expectations in a pleasing way. I mean, sometimes expectations that |
我想这其中有些根本的东西 我曾经考虑过这个问题 幸福是我们对于所见的幻象、电影 笑话、魔术表演的期望 被一种令人愉快的 方式所违背了 你去看电影的时候,电影里有些意外的转折 一些你没有意料到的－－从而 你有了一段快乐的经历。你在我的书里 看见这类出乎你意料的幻象 其中蕴含着快乐 这与笑话这类事物是 同一类东西。所以,我在演讲中将试着 更进一步 看看我能否以令人愉快的方式违背你的期望 我是说,有时期望被冒犯 |
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fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的; expectations:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望;(expectation的复数) violated:v.违反,违背(法律、协议等); (violate的过去分词和过去式) unexpected:adj.意外的,想不到的; twist:v.捻;扭转;曲折;扭动;n.捻;拧;扭动;搓; joyful:adj.欢喜的;令人高兴的;
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| are violated are not pleasant, but I'm going to try to do it in a pleasant way, in a very primal way so I can make the audience here happy. |
并不愉快,但是我将试着 以愉快的方式做这事儿,以非常简单的方式 让在座各位感到快乐 |
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primal:adj.原始的; n.被压抑童年情绪的释放; vt.释放(被压抑的童年情绪);
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| So I'm going to show you some ways that we can violate your expectations. First of all , I want to show you the particular illusion here. I want you first of all when it pops up on the screen to notice that the two holes are perpendicular to each other. These a re all percep tual tricks. These are real ob jects that I'm going to show you. Now |
我将给你展示一些冒犯你的期望的 的方式。首先,我想要 在这里演示特别的幻象。首先 当屏幕上弹出窗口的时候 请注意两个孔是相互垂直的 这些都是知觉幻象 这些是我将给你们演示的真实物件 |
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First of all:adv.首先;
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| I'm going to show you how it is done. I've looped the film here so you can get a very interesting experience. I want you to see how this illusion is constructed , and it's going to rotate so you see that it's inside out. Now watch, as it rotates back, how quickly your perception snaps . OK now. |
现在,我将演示这是怎么做到的。我这里制作 了一个影片,你可以有一个有趣的 体验。我给你看到这个幻觉是怎么 构造的,物件旋转,你就可以看到这是一个 自内而外的东西。现在请看,当它转到背面 你的知觉转换是多快。好了,现在 |
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looped:adj.成圈的;酩酊大醉的;v.成圈;打环(loop的过去式和过去分词); constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式) rotates:旋转;轮流; perception:n.感知;知觉;看法;洞察力; snaps:n.纽扣; v.猛咬;
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| Watch it as it rotates back again. And this is a very bright audience, all right? See if you can stop it from happening, even though you know 100 percent it's true that -- bam! You can't undo it. What does that tell you about yourselves? We're going to do it again. No doubt about it. See if you can stop it from happening. No. It's difficult. |
请再次看它旋转的背面。这是一个 明显的事实,对吧？请看你能否从一开始停止 你的想法,即使你百分百确定这是 真的。碰！你做不到。这说明了 些什么？我们再做一次 别怀疑它,看你能否不让 这想法产生？不行,这很难 |
| And we can violate your expectations in a whole variety of ways about representation , about shape, about color and so forth and it's very primal. And it's an interesting question to ponder . Why these things -- we find these things joyful. Why would we find them joyful? So, here's something that |
我们可以在所有关于表述、形状 颜色等等不同的方面 违背你的期望,都是很基本的 这是一个值得考虑的有趣的问题 我们为什么发现 这些事是快乐的 |
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variety:n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化,多样化; representation:n.表现;代表;描述;陈述 ponder:vt.仔细考虑;衡量;vi.考虑;沉思;
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| Lionel did a while ago. I like these sort of little things like this. |
这是Lionel不久前做过的 我喜欢这样的小把戏 |
| Again, this is not an optical trick. This is what you would see. In other words, it's not a camera cut. It's a perceptual trick. |
重申一遍,这不是一个光学上的欺骗 这是你会看到的。换句话说 它不是一个摄像的截取片段,而是一个知觉上的错觉 |
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optical:adj.光学的;眼睛的,视觉的;
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| OK. We can violate your expectations about shape. |
好的。我可以在形状上 违背你的期望 |
| We can violate your expectations on representation |
我还可以在图画中违背你的期望 |
| - what an image represents . What do you see here? |
你看到了什么？ |
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represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数)
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| How many of you here see dolphins? Raise your hand if you see dolphins. OK, those people who raised their hands, afterwards, the rest of the audience, go talk to them, all right? Actually, this is the best example of priming by experience that I know. |
你们中有谁看到了海豚？请举起手 好的,有些人举手了 那么剩余的观众 去和他们聊一下,可以吗？ 事实上,这是我知道依凭经验产生错觉的最好的例子 |
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priming:n.起爆; v.事先指点; (prime的现在分词)
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| If you are a child under the age of 10 who haven't been ruined yet, you will look at this image and see dolphins. Now, some of you adults here are saying, "What dolphins? What dolphins?" |
如果你是一个不到十岁的 天真烂漫的小孩 你将会在图画中看到海豚 现在,在座的有些大人就会开始问:“哪儿有海豚？” |
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under the age of:在年龄之下;16岁以下; ruined:adj.毁灭的;荒废的;v.毁坏;破坏;糟蹋;(ruin的过去分词和过去式)
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| But in fact, if you reversed the figure ground -- in other words, the dark areas here -- I forgot to ask for a pointer -- but if you reverse it, you'll see a whole series of little dolphins. By the way , if you're also a student at CalTech -- they also tend to just see the dolphins. It's based on experience. |
但实际上,如果你对调一下图画的底色 换句话说,黑色的部分--我忘记要一只激光笔了- 如果你对调一下 你将会看到一组小海豚 同时,如果你也是一名加州理工的学生 --他们也可能只能看到海豚 这是基于经验的 |
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reversed:v.颠倒; (reverse的过去分词和过去式) pointer:n.指针;指示器;教鞭;暗示; series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; By the way:顺便说一下; CalTech:n.加利福尼亚理工学院;
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| Now, something like this can be used because this is after all talk about design, too. So, this is done by Saatchi and Saatchi, and they actually got away with this ad in Australia. So, if you look at this ad for beer, all those people are in sort of provocative positions. But they got it past, and actually won the Clio awards, so it is funny to do these things. |
现在,一些类似的技巧有了应用价值 因为这毕竟也是讨论设计的 这是由Saatchi和Saatchi完成的 他们在澳大利亚用这个广告侥幸成功了 所以如果你看到这个创意为啤酒做广告 所有那些人都有几分挑衅的姿态 但是它成功了,他们赢得了克里奥广告奖 所以做这些事是很有趣的 |
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provocative:adj.刺激的,挑拨的;气人的;n.刺激物,挑拨物;兴奋剂;
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| Remember that sort of, um. This is the joke I did when the the Florida ballot was going around. You know, count the dots for Gore, count the dots for |
这是佛罗里达州进行投票的时候 我做的一个笑话 数一下戈尔的得票,再数一下布什的 |
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ballot:n.投票;投票用纸;投票总数;vi.投票;抽签决定;vt.使投票表决;拉选票;
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| Bush . Count them again. |
然后再数一遍 |
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Bush:n.灌木; v.以灌木装饰; adj.如灌木般长得低矮的;
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| You can violate your expectations about experience. Here is an outside water fountain that |
你会得到违背基于经验的预期结果 这是我和朋友们制作的 |
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water fountain:un.海水喷涌;喷水;
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| I created with some friends of mine, but you can stop the water in drops and -- actually make all the drops levitate . This is something we're building for, you know, amusement parks and that kind of stuff . |
一个室外喷泉 你可以使水以水滴的方式静止- 事实上, 是让所有的 水滴悬浮起来. 这是我们为 游乐园一类的地方设计的 东西 |
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levitate:vt.使轻轻浮起;使飘浮空中;vi.轻轻浮起;飘浮空中; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| Now let's take a static image. Can you see this? |
现在让我们看一个静态图像,看到了吗？ |
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static:adj.静止的; n.[物]静电(干扰);
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| Do you see the middle section moving down and the outer sections moving up? It's completely static. |
你看到中间的部分在向下运动 而外边的部分在向上运动吗？事实上它是静止的 |
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outer:adj.外面的,外部的;远离中心的;n.环外命中;
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| It's a static image. How many people see this illusion? It's completely static. |
它是静止的,多少人产生了这个错觉? 它是静止的 |
| Right. Now, when -- it's interesting that when we look at an image we see, you know, color, depth, texture . And you can look at this whole scene and analyze it. You can see the woman is in closer than the wall and so forth. But the whole thing is actually flat. It's painted. It's trompe l'oeil. |
好的,我们看一张图片颜色, 深度和质地的时候 是很有趣的 你可以看看这个屏幕 分析一下,你可以看到那个女人比墙要 更近些等等,但是事实上 所有的都是平的,它是图画,它是错觉画 |
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texture:n.质地;纹理;结构;本质,实质; analyze:v.对…进行分析,分解(等于analyse); trompe:n.水风筒;
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| And it was such a good trompe l'oeil that people got irritated when they tried to talk to the woman and she wouldn't respond . |
这是一张很好的错觉画,以至于 一些人在和那个女人谈话而得不到她的回应时 变得恼怒 |
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irritated:adj.烦恼;恼怒;v.使烦恼;刺激(irritate的过去分词和过去式) respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
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| Now, you can make design mistakes. Like this building in New York. So that when you see it from this side, it looks like the balconies tilt up, and when you walk around to the other side it looks like the balconies go down. So there are cases where you have mistakes in design that incorporate illusions. |
现在,你可以设计错误了 就像这个在纽约的建筑,你从这一边看它 阳台看起来是向上倾斜的 而当你从另一边看的时候 又像是向下倾斜的 这是一个在设计中蕴含视觉错觉的 例子 |
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balconies:n.阳台;露台;(戏院)包厢(balcony的复数形式); tilt:vi.倾斜;翘起;以言词或文字抨击;vt.使倾斜;使翘起;n.倾斜; incorporate:vt.包含,吸收; vi.合并; adj.合并的;
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| Or, you take this particular un-retouched photograph. Now, interestingly enough, I get a lot of emails from people who say, "Is there any perceptual difference between males and females?" |
或者, 看看这张没有被修饰过的 照片. 很有趣的是 我收到和很多email,问我 “男性和女性之间有没有知觉上的区别？” |
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interestingly:adv.有趣地;
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| And I really say, "No." I mean, women can navigate through the world just as well as males can -- and why wouldn't they? However, this is one illusion that women can consistently do better than males: in matching which head because they rely on fashion cues . They can match the hat. |
我的回答是否定的。我的意思是女人可以和男人一样 在这个世界上生存 为什么她们不能呢? 不过, 对于这个视错觉 女性肯定比男性更容易辨别 这个人头是属于谁的 因为她们对时尚更敏感- 她们可以由帽子来确定 |
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navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; consistently:adv.一贯地;一致地;坚实地; rely:vi.依靠;信赖; cues:n.开端,线索;提示,关键;球杆;诱因(cue的复数形式);
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| Okay, now getting to a part -- I want to show design in illusions. I believe that the first example of illusions being used purposely was by da Vinci in this anamorphic image of an eye. So that when you saw from one little angle was like this. And this little technique got popular in the 16th century and the 17th century to disguise |
现在我想展示一些 设计中的视错觉. 我认为第一个有意 运用视错觉的例子是 达芬奇的一幅眼睛变形的作品 所以当你取一个小角度看的时候图像是这样的 这个技巧在 16和17世纪流行于伪装隐含意义 |
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purposely:adv.故意地;蓄意地; technique:n.技巧,技术;手法; disguise:v.掩饰;假装;隐瞒;n.伪装;假装;用作伪装的东西;
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| hidden meanings, where you could flip the image and see it from one little point of view like this. |
稍微调转图像 从另一个角度去看它 |
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flip:n.浏览;空翻;轻抛;捻掷;v.迅速翻动;按(开关);按(按钮);开(或关)(机器等); point of view:观点;见地;立场;
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| But these are early incorporations of illusions brought to -- sort of hot point with Hans |
这些技巧的早期运用 成为Hans Holbein的画作 使者 的 |
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incorporations:n.公司;合并,编入;团体组织;
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| Holbein's " Ambassadors ." And Hans Holbein worked for Henry VIII. This was hung on a wall where you could walk down from the stair and you can see this hidden skull . |
一个热点. Hans Holbein效劳于亨利八世. 这幅画挂在楼梯边的墙上, 当你 走下楼梯的时候你可以看到隐藏的 骷髅头 |
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Ambassadors:n.大使(ambassador的复数形式); skull:n.头盖骨,脑壳;
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| All right, now I'm going to show you some designers who worked with illusions to give that element of surprise. One of my favorites is Scott |
好, 现在我要给你们介绍 一些运用视错觉创造惊喜的 设计师. Scott Kim是我最喜欢的设计师之一. |
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element:n.元素;要素;原理;成分;自然环境;
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| Kim. I worked with Scott to create some illusions for TED that I hope you will enjoy. We have one here on TED and happiness. |
我和他一起 为TED设计了一些视错觉, 希望你喜欢. 这里有一张关于TED和幸福的 |
| OK now. Arthur [Ganson] hasn't talked yet, but his is going to be a delightful talk and he has some of his really fantastic machines outside. And so, we |
Arthur Ganson还没有在这里做过演讲 他的演讲会很有趣, 而且他有 一些非常有趣的模型 |
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delightful:adj.可爱的,可喜的;令人愉快的; fantastic:奇异的,空想的
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| - Scott created this wonderful tribute to Arthur |
所以我和scott为Arthur Ganson设计了一份 |
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tribute:n.礼物;[税收]贡物;颂词;(尤指对死者的)致敬,悼念,吊唁礼物;
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| Ganson. |
很棒的礼物 |
| Well, there's analog and digital . Thought that was appropriate here. |
这个是 近义词 和 数码 , 我觉得 这张图片挺适合这里 |
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analog:n.[自]模拟;类似物;adj.[自]模拟的;有长短针的; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出;
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| And figure goes to ground. |
另一张是 肖像 隐藏到底色里 |
| And for the musicians. |
这张给音乐家 |
| And of course, since happiness -- we want "joy to the world." |
当然, 对于幸福, 我们希望 把快乐带给 世界 |
| Now, another great designer -- he's very well known in Japan -- Shigeo Fukuda. And he just builds some fantastic things. This is simply amazing. This is a pile of junk that when you view it from one particular angle, you see its reflection in the mirror as a perfect piano. |
另一个在日本非常出名的设计师 是Shigeo Fukuda. 他设计了一些 奇妙的东西, 非常有趣 这里是一堆垃圾 取一个特定的角度去看 你会发现它在镜子里的像是一架钢琴 |
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well known:adj.著名的;众所周知的;清楚明白的; pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置; reflection:n.反映;沉思;映像;深思;
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| Pianist transforms to violinist. |
钢琴家变成小提琴家 |
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transforms:v.[数][电]变换; n.语法转化规则;
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| This is really wild. This assemblage of forks, knives and spoons and various cutlery , welded together, give a shadow of a motorcycle . You learn something in the sort of thing that I do, which is there are people out there with a lot of time on their hands. |
这个真的很棒. 这个刀叉匙 以及各种餐具的组合能产生一个轮廓像 摩托车的影子 现在你们知道我所做的事儿了 有些人闲着没事就喜欢 瞎折腾 |
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assemblage:n.装配;集合;聚集;集会;集合物;聚集的物或人; cutlery:n.餐具;刀剑制造业; welded:v.焊接;使结合(weld的过去分词);adj.焊的;焊接的;
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| Ken Knowlton does wonderful composite images . Like creating Jacques Cousteau out of seashells -- un-retouched seashells, but just by rearranging them. He did Einstein out of dice because, after all, Einstein sa id, "God does not play dice with the universe." Bert Herzog out of un-retouched keyboards. Will Shortz, crossword puzzle . John |
Ken Knowlton很擅长合成图像 比如用贝壳做一个法国水兵库斯托 没有修饰过的贝壳, 只是重新排列一下 他用骰子做了一个Einstein, 谁让Einstein 说 上帝是不玩骰子的 键盘里的Bert Herzog 字谜游戏里的Will Shortz |
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Ken:n.视野范围,见地,知识范围; composite:n.复合材料;合成物;菊科;adj.复合的;合成的;菊科的;vt.使合成;使混合; images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) seashells:n.海贝壳;(seashell的复数) rearranging:v.重新安排;改变(位日期、地点);(rearrange的现在分词) id,:v.识别; n.伊德(指人的潜意识中其基本需求、感情和欲望假定存在的部分); crossword puzzle:纵横字谜游戏;
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| Cederquist does these wonderful trompe l'oeil cabinets . |
John Cederquist 做了这些很棒的有视错觉效果的 橱柜 |
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cabinets:n.陈列柜;内阁;匣子;小房间(cabinet的复数);
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| Now, I'm going to skip ahead since I'm sort of running |
因为时间有点紧, 有些东西我就省略不讲了 |
| [behind]. I want to show you quickly what I've created. Some new type of illusions. I've done something with taking the Pixar-type illusions. So you see these kids the same size here. Running down the hall. The two table tops of the same size. |
我想给你们看一下我自己设计的一些东西 一些新的视错觉体验 我做了一些皮克斯式的视错觉图像 这两个孩子是一样大的 正在跑过走廊. 两张桌子是一样的尺寸 |
| They're looking out two directions at once. You have a larger piece fitting in with a smaller. And that's something for you to think about, all right? So you see larger pieces fitting in within smaller pieces here. Does everyone see that? Which is impossible. You can see the two kids are looking out simultaneously out of two different directions at once. Now can you believe these two table tops are the same size and shape? They are. |
他们正在同时朝不同的方向望去 这张里大件放进小件里 这张是留给你思考的, 好吗? 你可以看到大的融进 小的. 每个人都看到了吧? 这是不可能的. 你可以看到这两个孩子 同时面朝两个不同 方向. 现在你可以相信这两个桌面 是一样的尺寸了吗? 它们的确是 |
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fitting:adj.适合的;恰当的;n.试衣;小配件,附件;v.适合,合身;试穿;(fit的现在分词) simultaneously:adv.同时地;
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| So, if you measured them, they would be. As I say, those two figures are identical in size and shape. |
如果你量一下, 你会发现它们一样大 正如我所说过的, 它们在形状和尺寸上都是一样的 |
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measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式) identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物;
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| And it's interesting, by doing this in this sort of rendered fashion, how much stronger these illusions are. Any case, I hope this has brought you a little joy and happiness, and if you're interested in seeing more cool effects, see me outside. I'd be happy to show you lots of things. |
通过这种方式来展示 视觉错觉是很有趣的 无论怎样, 我希望这些都让你觉得 快乐和幸福. 如果你想看到更多 有趣的东西, 我就在外边 我会很乐意给你看更多有趣的东西的 |
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rendered:v.使成为;给予;提供;回报;递交;(render的过去分词和过去式)
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